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Objective To investigate the serum level of complement C1q in patients with malignant tumors and its clinical significance in the diagnosis of the tumors. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 468 patients with malignant tumors (including 164 cases of lung malignant tumors, 123 cases of liver malignant tumors, 108 cases of gastric malignant tumors, and 73 cases of multiple myeloma) who were newly diagnosed and had not received any treatment measures from September 2020 to March 2021 in our hospital. Another 50 healthy individuals who taking physical examinations were subjected as control group. The serum level of complement C1q was quantitatively detected using the immunoturbidimetric assay. The levels were compared between the control and the patient groups. Results The serum C1q level was 155.17±34.81, 164.76±48.79, 156.87±32.70 and 124.39±31.71 mg/L, respectively in the lung, liver and gastric malignant tumor groups and multiple myeloma group, and the levels were significantly lower than that of the healthy control group (191.69±21.94 mg/L, P < 0.05). The sensitivity of serum C1q detection in the 4 malignant tumor groups was all above 90%, and the diagnostic efficacy of multiple myeloma was better (sensitivity 91.7%, specificity 86.3%). Using the normal group as a control, ROC curve analysis indicated that the cut-off value of serum complement C1q level in multiple myeloma patients was 157.8 mg/L, with an AUC area of 0.954; and the value was 164.3, 164.4, 164.3 and 164.4 mg/L for c lung, liver and gastric malignant tumors and all these tumors, respectively, with an AUC value of 0.836, 0.757, 0.817 and 0.830, respectively. Conclusion Serum C1q level determination has auxiliary diagnostic significance for malignant tumors, especially for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between plasma levels of complements before treatment and the clinicopathological feathers and prognoses of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients treated with Rituximab (R)-CHOP or R-CHOP-like therapy. Methods: The clinicopathological data of 105 DLBCL patients treated in cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2010 to 2016 were collected. The plasma samples from 105 DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP or R-CHOP-like therapy and 80 healthy controls were used to detect 34 complement levels before treatment by utilizing antibody microarray. The relationship between plasma levels of complements and the clinicopathological feathers and prognosis of DLBCL patients were analyzed. Results: The signal values of C1QA and CR1L in patients with international prognostic index (IPI) scores of 3-5 were 1 261.43±138.9 and 2 214.69±98.58, respectively, higher than 950.79±80.19 and 984.67±121.79 in patients with IPI scores of 0~2 (both P <0.05). The levels of C1QA and CR1L in the non-complete response (CR) group were 1 165.43±98.56 and 2 263.13±145.63, respectively, higher than 914.70±100.77 and 1 821.34±84.68 in the CR group (both P <0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that elevated C1QA signal value was associated with poor progression-free survival (PFS) and poor overall survival (OS) (PFS: HR =2.063, 95% CI : 1.220-3.489, P =0.007; OS: HR =2.23, 95% CI: 1.036~4.798, P =0.040). After IPI correction by Cox multivariate model, the elevated C1QA signal value was still correlated with poor PFS ( HR =1.765, 95% CI 1.034~3.013, P =0.037). Conclusions: The baseline plasma levels of C1QA and CR1L are correlated with IPI scores and therapeutic effects of DLBCL patients treated with R-CHOP. The baseline plasma level of C1QA has a certain predictive value for the prognostic evaluation of DLBCL.