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Objective To analyze relationship between autonomic nervous function and cognitive function in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods A total of 130 elderly patients with PD admitted to The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 were included. Hoehn-Yahr staging was used to evaluate stage of the disease, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (UPDRS III) was used to evaluate the severity of motor disorders, Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease - Autonomic (SCOPA - AUT) was used to evaluate autonomic nervous function, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to evaluate cognitive function, Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS) was used to evaluate the severity of nonmotor symptoms. Results According to whether the patients were accompanied by Alzheimer's disease (AD), they were divided into a group with AD (n = 82) and a group without AD (n = 48). The proportion of Hoehn-Yahr staging 3 to 5 (χ² = 5.689, P = 0.017), UPDRS III score (t = 21.490, P = 0.000), SCOPA-AUT score (t = 21.330, P = 0.000), dysregulation of body temperature (χ² = 8.512, P = 0.004), urinary dysfunction (χ² = 17.270, P = 0.000), gastrointestinal dysfunction (χ² = 24.471, P = 0.000), dysregulation of pupil (χ² = 5.299, P = 0.021), cardiovascular dysfunction (χ² = 15.355, P = 0.000) and NMSS score (t = 32.309, P = 0.000) in the group with AD were higher than those in the group without AD, the MMSE (t = 4.730, P = 0.000) and MoCA (t = 6.840, P = 0.000) total scores and subtype scores (P = 0.000, for all) in the group with AD were lower than those in the group without AD. Correlation analysis showed that the SCOPA-AUT score of PD patients with AD was negatively correlated with MMSE and MoCA total scores and subtype scores (P = 0.000, for all). Conclusions The autonomic dysfunction of elderly PD patients with AD is more serious, and the autonomic nervous function is closely related to cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the changes of brain activation and brain network connectivity in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods A total of 20 patients with SCI were selected from Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January to October 2021, including 8 patients with simple lower extremity involvement (paraplegia group) and 12 patients with all limbs involvement (tetraplegia group), and 10 healthy controls with matched baseline data with the SCI group were included in the same period. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to collect the data of cerebral oxyhemoglobin (HbO7) in the bilateral prefrontal lobe (LPFC/RPFC), motor cortex (LMC/RMC) and occipital lobe (LOL/ROL). The resting HM^ P values was calculated by generalized linear model to evaluate the activation degree of the cerebral cortex covered by different detection channels, the correlation between HbO7 P values was calculated by Pearson correlation analysis and partial correlation to analysis different detection channels [partial correlation coefficient (r) was defined as functional connectivity strength] to evaluate the functional connectivity of the brain network. Results 1) Degree of brain activation: compared with the control group, the HbO2 (3 values corresponding to channel 2 (t = -2.482, P = 0.020), channel 8 (t = -3.315, P =0.003) and channel 16 (t = - 2.738, P = 0.011) was increased in the tetraplegia group, while the HbO, (3 value corresponding to channel 25 was decreased (t = 2.104, P = 0.045), and the HbO, (3 value of channel 8 was increased (t = - 2.475, P = 0.020) in paraplegia group. Compared with the tetraplegia group, the HbO7 (3 values in channel 17 (t = 2.552, P = 0.017) and channel 25 (t = 2.342, P = 0.027) were increased in the paraplegia group. The value of HbO7 (3 in the left prefrontal lobe of tetraplegia group was significantly higher than that of control group (t = 2.652, P = 0.013). 2) The number of functional connections between different channels and cerebral cortex: the proportion of channels related to motor cortex in different groups was 94.12% in the paraplegia group (32/34), 82.76% in the tetraplegia group (24/29), and only 74.36% in the control group (29/39). 3) Functional connectivity strength in the brain: compared with the control group, the functional connectivity strength in the right motor area was weakened in both the paraplegia group (t = 4.572, P = 0.000) and the tetraplegia group (t = 4.822, P = 0.000). Conclusions There are abnormalities in resting brain activation and functional connectivity of brain network after SCI, which are manifested as local enhancement of spontaneous neural activity in some brain regions and abnormal functional connectivity in cerebral cortices and brain regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: Relevant Meta-analyses have reported that there is a significant negative fixation pattern in depressed patients, but it is unclear about the magnitude of this pattern and the difference in gaze indicators under different stimuli. To this end, the article systematically evaluates the gaze characteristics of eye tracking in patients with depression under different emotional tasks, providing a reference for clinical outcome and prognostic evaluation. METHODS: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of science, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Database, and VIP database were electronically searched to collect case-control studies on eye tracking in depressive patients from their inception to September 5th, 2021. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan5.4 software. RESULTS: A total of 12 case-control studies were included, in which 231 subjects (depressed patients) were in the case group and 307 in the control group. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale scores of the included studies were 5 and above, indicating a higher quality of the included studies. The results of Meta-analysis showed that: for different stimulus types, compared with the control group, the fixation duration of depressed patients was significantly reduced under the positive stimulus [Standardized mean difference (SMD)positive=-1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-1.88, -0.12), P=0.03], and was significantly increased under the negative stimulus [SMDnegative=0.77, 95% CI (0.50, 1.04), P < 0.000 01]. There was no significant difference in fixation duration under the neutral stimulus [SMDneutral=-0.17, 95%CI (-0.48, 0.14), P=0.28]. There was no significant difference in the first fixation duration between the case and control groups [SMDpositive=0.18, 95% CI (-0.25, 0.61), P=0.42; SMDneutral=-0.19, 95% CI (-0.46, 0.08), P=0.17; SMDnegative=0.24, 95% CI (-0.04, 0.52), P=0.09]. Compared with the control group, depressed patients showed a significant reduction in the fixation counts under positive and neutral stimuli [SMDpositive=-3.65, 95% CI (-4.59, -2.71), P < 0.000 01; SMDneutral=-1.08, 95% CI (-1.61, -0.56), P < 0.000 1), while the fixation counts in depressed patients increased significantly under negative stimuli [SMDnegative=1.32, 95% CI (0.78, 1.86), P < 0.000 01]. CONCLUSION: There are significant differences in the fixation patterns between depression and healthy individuals, mainly in terms of fixation duration and fixation count. Future studies can explore more eye movement indicators and characteristics of fixation patterns in depressed patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer is the property of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Oncology Journal is the property of Journal of Practical Oncology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) executive function and its correlation with neuropsychological tests. Methods A total of 25 patients with TLE [including 8 patients with left TLE (LTLE) and 17 patients with right TLE (RTLE)] and 15 healthy controls with matched sex, age and education level admitted to Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and China Resources & WISCO General Hospital from June 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled. Neuropsychological tests [including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)] and executive function tests [including digital working memory, verbal working memory, Stroop Color-Word Test (SCWT), Trail Making Test-A and B (TMT-A and TMT-B), and Verbal Fluency Test (VFT)] were performed. Pearson correlation analysis and partial correlation analysis were used to explore the correlation between executive function and various factors, and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was used to verify the linear quantitative relationship between executive function and various factors. Results MMSE score (P = 0.003), digital working memory score (P = 0.000), verbal working memory score (P = 0.000), color response time (P = 0.001), word response time (P = 0.001), color word response time (P = 0.001), TMT-A time (P = 0.010), TMT-B time (P = 0.009) and the number of VFT (P = 0.000) of LTLE group, RTLE group and control group were significantly different. MMSE score (P = 0.013, 0.029), digital working memory score (P = 0.000, 0.000), verbal working memory score (P = 0.000, 0.000) and the number of VFT (P = 0.000, 0.000) in LTLE group and RTLE group were lower than those in control group. Color response time (P = 0.047, 0.000), word response time (P = 0.002, 0.006) and color word response time (P = 0.024, 0.001) were longer than those in control group, but TMT-A time (P = 0.004) and TMT-B time (P = 0.002) in RTLE group were longer than those in control group. There were no significant differences in executive function scores between LTLE group and RTLE group (P > 0.05, for all). Correlation analysis showed that digital working memory score, color response time, vocabulary response time and attention transfer time were positively correlated with MMSE score, HAMA score, BDI score, age, education level, seizure frequency, type of antiepileptic drugs (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). TMT-A time and TMT-B time were positively correlated with MMSE score, HAMA score, age, education level, seizure frequency, type of anti-epileptic drugs (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between color word response time and word fluency with HAMA score, age and education level (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that there was a linear regression relationship between digital working memory score and seizure frequency (standardized partial regression coefficient = 0.998, P = 0.001) and type of antiepileptic drugs (standardized partial regression coefficient = -1.634, P = 0.006). There was a linear regression relationship between verbal working memory score and HAMA score (standardized partial regression coefficient = -0.089, P = 0.035), a linear regression relationship between color response time and education level (standardized partial regression coefficient = -0.097, P = 0.002), a linear regression relationship between vocabulary response time (standardized partial regression coefficient = -0.121, P = 0.004), color word response time (standardized partial regression coefficient = -0.243, P = 0.002), TMT - A time (standardized partial regression coefficient = -5.984, P = 0.002), TMT - B time (standardized partial regression coefficient =-17.376, P = 0.000), attention transfer time (standardized partial regression coefficient = -12.413, P = 0.000) and MMSE score had linear regression relationship. Vocabulary fluency and age (standardized partial regression coefficient = 0.327, P = 0.032), education level (standardized partial regression coefficient = 1.976, P = 0.001), HAMA score (standardized partial regression coefficient = -0.431, P = 0.008) had a linear regression relationship. Conclusions Executive function (working memory, inhibitory control and cognitive flexibility) was impaired in patients with TLE, but there was no significant difference in executive function between RTLE and LTLE. The older the age and the lower the education level, the more severe the overall cognitive dysfunction, the more significant decline in executive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Oncology Journal is the property of Journal of Practical Oncology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of West China Journal of Stomatology is the property of Sichuan University, West China College of Stomatology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the effect of crevice-free nursing on compliance and complications of hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure. Methods 80 patients on hemodialysis with chronic renal failure were treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University from June 2019 to June 2020 were selected. They were divided into control group (n =40) and observation group (n =40) according to different nursing methods. The control group was given routine nursing and the observation group was given crevice-free nursing on the basis of the control group. The symptom scores, compliance, quality of life and complications were compared in the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the symptom scores of somatization, hostility, compulsion, depression and anxiety were significantly reduced in the observation group (all P < 0. 05). Compared with the SF-36 domain scores and total scores in the control group, those of the observation group increased significantly (all P <0. 05). The 90% compliance of the observation group was significantly higher than 67.50% of the control group (P <0. 05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 7. 50%, which was significantly lower than 27. 50% in the control group. Conclusion The application of crevice- free nursing in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure can effectively improve the compliance and reduce the incidence of complications. It is recommended for clinical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the influence of humanistic model of nursing on postoperative symptom relief and comfort of patients with chronic sinusitis. Methods A total of 140 patients undergoing surgical treatment for chronic sinusitis in Liaocheng People's Hospital from February 2018 to January 2020 were divided into a control group and an observation group by random number table method, with 70 cases in each group. The patients in the control group received routine nursing care, and the patients in the observation group received humanistic nursing care on the basis of the control group. Postoperative pain, complications and nasal mucosa recovery time were compared between the two groups. Results The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS ) of the observation group on the 1, 2, and 3 days after operation were lower than those of the control group (all P < 0. 05 ). The total complication rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P <0. 05 ). The degree of dry mouth in the observation group was better than that in the control group (P < 0. 05 ). The recovery time of nasal mucosa of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group (P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion Humanistic care can effectively relieve the postoperative pain of patients with chronic sinusitis, reduce the complication rate and promote early recovery of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analysis and investigate the high-risk factors of coronary artery damage in children with Kawereaki disease, and to provide a reference for improving the prognosis of children. Methods: Used a case-control method, the study period were from August 2016 to April 2019. 150 cases of children with Kawereaki disease treated in our hospital were selected as the research objects. The epidemiological status of all cases were investigated and hematological tests were performed. Patients with coronary artery damage were followed up and the risk factors were investigated and analyzed. Results: During 6 months followed-up, there were 44 cases of coronary artery damage occurred in 150 cases of children with Kawereaki disease, the incidence rates were 29.3%. There were no significant differences in gender, age, and clinical symptoms between the two groups of children at admission (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in white blood cell counts, platelet counts, hematocrits, and hemoglobin values compared between the two groups of children at admission (P>0.05). The serum Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the case group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Logistic regression equation analysis showed that IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were all influencing factors leading to the occurrence of coronary artery damage (P<0.05). Conclusion: Kawereaki disease is more common with secondary coronary artery damage. Clinical symptoms are mostly rash, conjunctival hyperemia, cervical lymphadenopathy, and swelling of the hands and feet. IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α are the causes of coronary artery damage. Influencing factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The current study aimed to clarify quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) characteristics of children with tic disorders (TD), discuss possible mechanisms of tic disorders, and explore the application value of quantitative EEG for the diagnosis and treatment of tic disorders. Methods EEG data of 104 children with tic disorders (TD group) treated at the Department of Pediatric in Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 2019 and December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. EEG data were screened for specific time periods without obvious artifacts. The relative α, β, θ and δ bands energy, θ/β ratio, and spectral boundary of Fp1, Fp2, F3 and F4 were extracted. Forty-nine children matched by sex and age were randomly selected as the control group for statistical analysis. Results In comparison with the control group, children with tic disorders, Fp1, Fp2 showed higher relative θ band energy (Z = 2.354, P = 0.019; t = - 2.351, P = 0.020) and higher θ/β ratio (Z = 1.990, P = 0.047; Z = 2.206, P = 0.027), F3 showed higher relative δ band energy (t = - 2.107, P = 0.037), F4 showed higher relative θ band energy (Z = 2.342, P = 0.019), higher relative δ band energy (Z = 2.510, P = 0.012) and higher θ/β ratio (Z = 2.266, P = 0.023); Fp1, Fp2, F3 and F4 showed lower relative α band energy (Z = - 3.005, P = 0.003; Z = - 2.829, P = 0.005; Z = - 2.905, P = 0.004; Z = - 2.849, P = 0.004); F4 showed lower relative β band energy (Z = - 2.022, P = 0.043). No significant difference was identified in spectral boundary (P > 0.05, for all). Conclusions The results suggested that the primary lesion of tic disorders mainly involved the frontal cortex, and lead to brain excitation-inhibition imbalance. Quantitative EEG can provide objective evidences for the diagnosis and treatment response assessment of patients with tic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of rt-PA in the treatment of minor stroke patients within 4.50 h of onset. Methods A total of 90 patients with minor stroke who were hospitalized in Department of Neurology from July 2017 to December 2018 were selected. They were divided into 43 cases treated with thromplysis (thrombolytic group) and 47 cases with routine antiplatet drugs (control group). Results National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) gradually decrease during 2 h and 7 d after treatment of thrombolysis. The effective percentage of thrombolytic group was 60.47% (26/34), while control group was 34.04% (16/47), the diference was significant (x³ = 6.299, P = 0.012). The proportion of good outcome were 90.70% (39/43) in thrombolytic group and 65.96% (31/47) in control group, and the difference was significant (-2 = 7.952, P = 0.005). There were 5 cases of gingival bleeding in the thrombolytic group, no complications of intracranial hemorrhage and death, indicating that thrombolysis in minor stroke did not increase the risk of intracranial hemorrhage and mortality. Conclusions rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis is safe and effective for the treatment of minor stroke patients within 4.50 h of onset. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and objective The incidence of lung cancer is increasing annually. Clinicians pay special attention to lung tests during physical examinations. Due to the popularity of low-dose computed tomography, not only can lung cancer be diagnosed early, but physical examinations often reveal the presence of pulmonary nodules, an important health issue that cannot be ignored. Patients with pulmonary nodules are prone to adverse emotions such as anxiety and depression. Many studies have shown that patients with emotional disorders have immune system dysfunction and changes in inflammation levels. This study aimed to investigate the changes in anxiety, depression, the ratios of T helper cells 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Tregs), and inflammation levels in patients with pulmonary nodules. Methods A total of 143 subjects from The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were included from April 2019 to July 2019. All of the subjects were assessed with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Overall, 40 cases were healthy controls (HC) and 103 cases were patients with pulmonary nodules. The patients were divided into two groups according to the scale scores: 62 cases in a non-anxiety and non-depression (NAD) group and 41 cases in an anxiety and/ or depression (AD) group. The percentage of Th17 and Tregs in the peripheral blood and inflammatory factors in the serum were detected. The absolute Th17 cell counts were calculated and the differences between the groups and correlations between these indicators were analyzed. Results There were statistically significant differences in the percentage of Th17 cells, the absolute counts of Th17 and Th17/Treg cells, and the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) among three groups (all P<0.001). The AD group was higher than the HC and NAD groups (all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the HC and NAD groups (all P>0.05). The previously described indicators had no significant correlation with the severity of anxiety and depression (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the percentage of Tregs or levels of IL-4 and IL-10 between the groups (all P>0.05). The proportion of anxiety and/or depression in female patients with pulmonary nodules was higher than that in males (P<0.05). Conclusion Patients with pulmonary nodules are prone to varying degrees of anxiety and depression, which leads to immune dysfunction and low-grade inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the application of fMRI in detecting the default mode network (DMN) of patients with carotid artery stenosis and cognitive impairment. In the combination with neuropsychological scores, to explore the relationship between DMN and cognitive function under hypoperfusion. Methods A sample of 32 individuals, who went to Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University for treatment since June 2017 to December 2018, have been selected for this research. Among them 16 patients were confirmed by DSA with severe stenosis (stenosis rate ≥ 70%) of unilateral internal carotid artery (ICA); while the other 16 were healthy people as normal controls. The neuropsychological tests [Mini - Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)] and blood oxygen level - dependent functional MRI (BOLD - fMRI) were performed to all the individuals. Furthermore, the function imaging was performed to develop a brain network model and to compare the differences of functional connectivity (FC) between 2 groups. Results The MoCA score in ICA stenosis group was lower than that in normal control group [(21.19 ± 4.00) score vs. (27.94 ± 2.00) score; t = 2.609, P = 0.048], indicating there was cognitive impairment in some degree in ICA stenosis. The significant FC in ICA stenosis group and normal control group were widely distributed between the frontal group was significantly weaker than that of normal control group. The functional reduction between both hemispheres was indicated in the regions including the right frontal lobe, left parietal lobe and left temporal lobe, the lower margin of right parietal lobe and left amygdala. In the hemisphere, the FC was weaken between the frontal and prefrontal lobes. A specific enhancement in the function of the local brain region was also shown in ICA stenosis group. Conclusions Regarding the patients with carotid artery stenosis and cognitive impairment, the DMN has changed. The enhancement or attenuation of the FC within the hemisphere and between both hemispheres were reflected on fMRI. This may be related to the local functional changes under long-term hypoperfusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To analyze the clinical features of autonomic nerve dysfunction and sympathetic skin response (SSR) in patients with gout. Methods A total of 25 patients with gout diagnosed from March 2017 to January 2018 were enrolled, including 10 patients with tophus and 8 patients with autonomic nerve dysfunction (symptomatic). EMG was used to detect SSR. Results The main symptoms of autonomic nervous dysfunction in the gout group were abnormal sweat glands. Compared with the normal control group, the lower extremity latency period of patients in the gout group was prolonged (Z = -2.136, P = 0.033) and the amplitude was reduced (Z = -2.959, P = 0.003). Lower extremity amplitude of the symptomatic group was lower than that of the normal control group (Z = -3.426, P = 0.001) and the asymptomatic group (Z = -3.308, P = 0.001). The lower extremity amplitude of patients in tophout group was lower than that in the control group (Z = -3.176, P = 0.001) and the non-tophout group (Z = -2.301, P = 0.021), while the lower extremity latency period of patients without tophout was prolonged (Z = -2.518, P = 0.120) and the amplitude was reduced (Z = -2.327, P = 0.020), which were statistically significant different from the control group. Conclusions Abnormal autonomic nerve function exists in gout patients, mainly in lower limb injury, especially in patients with tophus or symptoms of autonomic nerve dysfunction. SSR can objectively evaluate the autonomic nerve function state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the functional connectivity changes of benign epilepsy of childhood with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) by using degree centrality (DC) analysis. Methods Choose 27 children diagnosed as BECTS from January 2010 to December 2017 as object of observation and 27 age/ sex-matched normal children as control. All subjects were performed fMRI in resting state. DC analysis was used to characterize the connectome patterns of whole-brain functional networks. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between DC values of brain regions that differed between BECTS and normal children and the behavioral factors, including Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) intelligence quotient (IQ) and Integrated Visual and Auditory Continuous Performance Test (IVA-CPT). Results Compared with normal children, BECTS children exhibited higher DC values in the right superior frontal gyrus and right posterior cingulate gyrus, and lower DC values in the bilateral cerebellar posterior lobes, subcortical mass in bilateral corpus striatum and/or thalami and right superior frontal gyrus. The higher DC value in the right posterior cingulate gyrus showed significant negative correlations with RSPM IQ score (r = - 0.597, P = 0.001) and full scale attention quotient score (r = - 0.400, P = 0.039). The RSPM IQ score showed significant positive correlations with the lower DC values in left cerebellar posterior lobe (r = 0.442, P = 0.021) and right corpus striatum/thalamus (r = 0.452, P = 0.018). Conclusions BECTS is associated with functional abnormalities in thalamic - cortical networks. DC analysis could provide a brand - new method for exploring the neurobiological mechanisms of epileptic discharges in BECTS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite recent efforts in Taiwan to reduce the risk and incidence of central venous catheter associated bloodstream infections (CABSI), the results as reported by the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control, when compared with the results achieved in the USA, indicate that Taiwan must promote the central venous catheter bundle approach more effectively. Furthermore, the risk factors for CABSI should be explored further in order to facilitate the development and implementation of effective related improvement strategies. Purpose: To explore the risk factors for CABSI after adjusting for confounding factors and to analyze the appropriate protocol for applying retained central venous catheters in hospitalized patients and the impact of CABSI. Methods: The ethics committee approved this retrospective case-control study. Hospitalized patients who were older than 20 years of age and were currently experiencing their first instance of CABSI were recruited between March 1, 2014 to October 31, 2014 as the case group. In addition, a control group was recruited in a 1:2 ratio from a random sample of patients listed in the medical order system who had received a central venous catheter but did not experience CABSI. Anyone who did not meet the above criteria was excluded. Data collected included basic demographic characteristics, basic catheter information, and the main reason for the catheter being in situ during the 48 hours prior to contracting CABSI or catheter removal. Results: A total of 65 patients with CABSI comprised the case group and 130 patients without CABSI comprised the control group. After controlling for potentially confounding factors using logistic regression analysis, the independent risk factors of CABSI (p < .05) were identified as: staying in the intensive care unit, having a high APACHE II (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II) score, and having diabetes mellitus. Moreover, while having inappropriate central venous catheter in situ was found to not significantly influence CABSI (OR, 2.41; 95% CI [0.65--8.91]), we identified that about 10.8% of retained central venous catheter applications were unnecessary due to the lack of sufficient indications for use. Conclusion: We recommend that nursing staffs should remind physicians to evaluate carefully the need to use central venous catheters and should fully implement sterile protocols to protect the health of high-risk patients. In addition, nursing staffs should assess the central venous catheter daily and should remind physicians to remove the catheter as soon as possible in the absence of indications for use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of lamotrigine in the treatment of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Methods Retrieve relevant clinical guidelines, systematic review (including Meta - analysis), randomized controlled clinical trials, case - control studies, retrospective cohort studies and case observation studies on lamotrigine treating JME from online databases (January 1, 1980-December 31, 2017) as PubMed, EBMASE/SCOPUS and Cochrane Library with key words: juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, idiopathic generalized epilepsies, lamotrigine, antiepileptic drugs, random. Jadad Scale, Cochrane System Evaluation Handbook and RevMan 5.3 statistical software were used for quality assessment and Meta-analysis. Results The research enrolled 1220 articles, from which 6 studies with Jadad score ≥ 4 (4 randomized controlled clinical trials and 2 case observation studies) were chosen after excluding duplicates and those not meeting the inclusion criteria. A total of 314 JME patients (166 cases treated by lamotrigine and 148 cases treated by valproate) were enrolled in 6 studies. Meta-analysis showed the occurrence rate of adverse reaction in lamotrigine group was significantly lower than that in valproate group (RR = 0.540, 95% CI: 0.320-0.910; P = 0.020), but there was no significant difference on rate of epileptic seizures decreasing > 50% (RR = 1.200, 95% CI: 0.870-1.650; P = 0.260). Conclusions Lamotrigine is safe and effective in the treatment of JME. It has better tolerance and less adverse reaction, and its effect is similar to that of valproate. It is the first choice for patients with JME, especially for adolescent female patients with JME. However, there is still lack of high-quality trials to confirm whether the combination with other drugs has any benefit in terms of efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face a higher risk of diabetic foot neuropathy, which increases the risk of death. The early detection of factors that influence diabetic neuropathy reduces the risk of foot lesions, including foot ulcerations, lower extremity amputation, and mortality. Purpose: To explore the demographic, disease-characteristic, health-literacy, and foot-self-care-behavior factors that affect diabetic foot neuropathy in patients with T2DM. Methods: A case-control study design was employed in which cases (Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, MNSI) ≥ 2 were matched to controls based on age and gender in a medical center. A total of 114 patients diagnosed with T2DM in a medical center were recruited as participants. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and logistic regression. Results: The results of multiple logistic regression showed that glycated hemoglobin (B = 1.696, p = .041) and communication and critical health literacy (B = -0.082, p = .034) were significant factors of diabetic foot neuropathy. Conclusions/Implications for Practice: The findings of this study suggest that nurses should assess the health literacy of patients with T2DM before providing health education and should develop a specific foot-care intervention for individuals with poor glycemic control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To assess the risk factors of in-stent restenosis (ISR) for intracranial artery stenosis by Meta-analysis. Methods Retrieve relevant case-control studies or cohort studies from online databases (January 1, 1990-August 1, 2017) as PubMed, EBMASE/SCOPUS and Cochrane Library with key words: intracranial artery, stent, restenosis, risk factors, predictors. Selection of studies was performed according to pre-designed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality of studies was evaluated by using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). All data were pooled by RevMan 5.3 software for Meta-analysis. Results The research enrolled 305 articles, from which 16 high-quality (NOS score ≥ 6) studies were chosen after excluding duplicates and those not meeting the inclusion criteria. A total of 1102 cases (ISR: N =245; non-ISR: N = 857) were included. Meta-analysis showed that diabetes (OR = 1.880, 95%CI: 1.290-2.740; P = 0.001), lesions stenosis length > 10 mm (OR = 3.550, 95%CI: 1.160-10.850; P = 0.030), anterior circulation lesions (OR = 1.680, 95%CI: 1.170-2.420; P = 0.005), postoperative residual stenosis ≥ 30% (OR = 3.290, 95% CI: 1.460-7.410; P = 0.004) and bare metal stents (OR = 4.290, 95% CI: 1.130-16.260; P = 0.030) increased the risk of ISR significantly. Conclusions Diabetes, lesions stenosis length > 10 mm, anterior circulation lesions, postoperative residual stenosis ≥ 30% and bare metal stents were risk factors of in-stent restenosis. Clinicians should avoid related risk factors and reduce the occurrence of in-stent restenosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient falls are a common, adverse event in hospitals that may result in economic and care burdens on the patient and his/her family afterward. Purpose: To analyze the factors that relate to falls among inpatients and to estimate the associated days of hospitalization and medical costs. Methods: The present study used a retrospective matched case-control design to analyze inpatient fall data for 2009 to 2011 from a regional teaching hospital in northern Taipei. We matched fallers and controls according to gender, age ± 5 years, and ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification) code. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A total of 160 inpatients participated in the present study (80 fallers in the fall group and 80 nonfallers in the control group). The results revealed that fallers had more previous fall experiences and longer hospital stay than nonfallers. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors that were significantly associated with inpatient falls included: no family accompaniment, use of more than 3 fall-related medications, and no intravenous catheter placement. Results further found that medical costs increased with the degree of injury. Third-degree injuries bore the highest post-fall medical costs of all of the injury-degree categories. The average medical cost for patients with third-degree injuries was 18,257 New Taiwan dollars. Conclusion / Implications for Practice: The findings provide a reference for hospitals to promote patient safety, to prevent the occurrence of inpatient falls, and, ultimately, to reduce fall-associated medical costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer is the property of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Stroke is a common disease which has serious impact on human health in modern society. It has complex pathogenesis and wide - ranging influencing factors. Accompanied with the development of molecular genetics, a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been found to be closely related to the incidence of stroke in case-control studies on the correlation between genes and stroke by using molecular biology technologies. In order to have a better understanding on the correlation between gene polymorphism and stroke, this summary presents a review of literatures reported at home and abroad over the past year on the genetics of stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To formulate the best treatment plan for catamenial epilepsy patients by evaluating the efficacy and side effect of progesterone therapy via evidence - based medicine. Methods Catamenial epilepsy, drug therapy, progesterone, allopregnanolone, systematic review and randomized controlled trial (RCT) both in Chinese and English were used as retrieval words. Databases including Wanfang Data, VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Cochrane Library, PubMed and Google Scholar were used with applying of manual searching. Systematic reviews, RCTs, open-label trials, prospective and retrospective case analysis, case - observation studies and reviews were collected and evaluated by Jadad Scale. Results After screening, 18 relevant resources were selected, including one systematic review, 3 RCTs, one open-label trial, 2 prospective case-controlled studies, one follow-up study and 10 reviews. Ten of the articles were evaluated to be high quality (Jadad Scale score ⩾ 4), and the other 8 were of low quality (Jadad Scale score < 4). After the efficacy and safety of those clinical studies were evaluated, the results were summarized as follows: 1) progesterone combined with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) was well tolerated and resulted in a significant reduction of seizure frequency in a majority of patients with catamenial epilepsy. 2) Both natural progesterone and synthetic progesterone could be used in the treatment for catamenial epilepsy. 3) There were two ways of progestogen therapy for catamenial epilepsy: cyclical progesterone hormone therapy and suppressive therapy. The former was more commonly used. Conclusions Using evidence-based medicine evaluation can provide best clinical evidence for the progesterone treatment on catamenial epilepsy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer is the property of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer is the property of Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between ERCC4 and ERCC5 polymorphisms and risk of salivary gland tumors. METHODS: Case-control study was carried out in 133 cases of histologically confirmed salivary gland tumors and 142 age and gender matched healthy control cases. Polymorphisms of ERCC4 rs6498486 and ERCC5 rs751402 were detected by PCR-RFLP. Multiple factors logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between gene polymorphisms and risk of salivary gland tumors using SPSS 18.0 software package. RESULTS: The genotype distribution of each polymorphism was found to be of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the study. ERCC5 rs751402 TT genotype was associated with risk of salivary gland tumors (TT vs. CC+CT: 0R=0.45, 95% CI: 0.21-0.98, P= 0.046). No significant association was found in ERCC4 rs6498486. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that ERCC5 rs751402 polymorphism may be associated with risk of salivary gland tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Quality of nursing research should be evaluated before it is applied as an evidence for evidence-based nursing practice. This study attempted to analyze and to compare tools for the quality assessment and reporting standards of nursing research using CONSORT and STROBE checklist by types of research design. Methods: We searched the tools for quality assessment in nursing research based on the National Evidence-based Healthcare Collaborating Agency (NECA) publication. Then, we analysed and compared the tools for quality evaluation by types of research design. Results: According to the analysis using CONSORT checklist, ROB shows coherence in 17 items, Jadad shows coherence in 3 items, SIGN (for RCT) shows coherence in 26 items, and Downs & Black shows coherence in 24 items. According to the analysis using STROBE checklist, MINORS shows coherence in 25 items, NOS shows coherence in 21 items, SIGN (for Cohort studies & Case-control studies) shows coherence in 29 items, and RoBANS shows coherence in 21 items. Conclusion: Based on our analysis, we recommend that nursing researchers should report according to the reporting standards of tools for quality evaluation. We hope that our analysis can be helpful to develop evidence-based nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective Malignant tumors often combined with venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, especially in lung cancer. It has been proven that, the mechanisms and risk factors for lung cancer patients contracting pulmonary embolism are unclear. The aim of this study is to summarize the clinical data on 54 patients with lung cancer and concomitant pulmonary embolism, and to analyze the risk factors and prognosis of lung cancer with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Methods From April 1999 to January 2010, the clinical presentation of lung cancer patients with PTE from the Jiangsu Cancer Hospital and the Jiangsu Gerontic Institute were evaluated in the present retrospective study. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine the possible associated variables. Conditional logistic regression analysis was applied to explore risk factors of pulmonary embolism. Patient survival was also compared with matched controls via a Log-rank test. Results A total of 54 lung cancer patients with PTE, matched with 162 lung cancer patients as controls, were included. In the univariate analysis, a P<0.20 was considered as possible risk factor, which was included into the logistic regression model. The logistic regression model showed that the OR combined with pulmonary embolism was 2.64 in patients receiving chemotherapy, 2.25 in patients with stage III-IV disease, 2.39 in patients combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 2.12 in patients with adenocarcinoma, 2.10 in patients with serum hemoglobin>140 g/L, and 1.76 in patients with central venous catheters. A significant difference was observed among the groups that received chemotherapy, adenocarcinoma, stage III-IV disease and high henoglobin (P<0.05). The survival time in patients with pulmonary embolism was remarkably lower than that in patients without pulmonary embolism (P=0.02). Conclusion Chemotherapy, late stage disease and high serum hemoglobin are important risk factors for lung cancer patients with concomitant pulmonary embolism. The survival time of these patients is significantly lower than that in patients without pulmonary embolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objective Forty years ago, Tokuhata and Lilienfeld provided the first epidemiologic evidence of familial aggregation of lung cancer. Familial aggregation and increased familial risk for lung cancer have been reported in several studies, subsequently. But the results are not consistent with each other. The aim of this study is to further explore the relationship between family history of lung cancer and lung cancer risk. Methods By searching PubMed, CENTRAL, CBM, CNKI and VIP, we collected both domestic and overseas published documents before November, 2009 on family history of lung cancer and lung cancer risk. RevMan version 4.2 was used to perform meta-analysis on the case-control study results, the combined odds ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated as well. Results Twenty-eight publications were included into the combined analysis, which indicated that the lung cancer risk of the probands' first-degree relatives was 1.88 times higher than that of their controls' (P<0.001). In the sub-study, compared with the controls' father mother and siblings, the OR of the probands' father mother and siblings was 1.62 (P<0.001), 1.96 (P<0.001) and 1.92 (P<0.001), respectively. For smoking status, lung cancer risk in first-degree relatives of smoking probands was 1.73 (P<0.001) times higher than that of their corresponding controls'. And for non-smoking subjects the lung cancer risk was 1.42 (P=0.02) times higher in proboands' first-degree relatives. For gender categories, lung cancer risk in first-degree relatives of female probands was 1.89 (P<0.001) times higher than that of their corresponding controls'. And for male subjects, the lung cancer risk was 1.99 (P<0.001) times higher in proboands' first-degree relatives. Conclusion Lung cancer risk was increased in probands' first-degree relatives, and obvious familial aggregation of lung cancer was observed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]