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Objective To investigate the safety of different time decompression in patients undergoing coronary intervention via distal radial artery. Methods From December 2022 to December 2023, a total of 139 patients undergoing coronary intervention through distal radial artery in the department of cardiovascular medicine of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were selected and divided into three groups by the random number table method. Group A, 47 cases, underwent first decompression 30 minutes after operation. Group B, 47 cases, underwent initial decompression 1 h after operation. Group C, 45 cases, underwent initial decompression 2 h after operation. Postoperative limb pain score, comfort score and palm-diameter swelling rate immediately after operation, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h and 4 h, and postoperative puncture bleeding were compared among the three groups. Results Immediately after operation, the pain score, comfort score and the swelling rate of the circumference of the palm among the three groups showed no statistical significance (P > 0.05) . The limb pain score of group A at 30 min, 1 h, 2 h and 4 h after operation was lower than that in group B and group C (P < 0.05), and the comfort score was higher than that in group B and group C (P < 0.05) . The swelling rate of the palms of group A at 1 h, 2 h and 4 h after operation was lower than that in group B and group C (P < 0.05) . There was no significant difference in postoperative bleeding among the three groups (P > 0.05) . Conclusion The first decompression within 30 minutes after operation is safe and effective for patients undergoing coronary intervention through distal radial artery, which can significantly relieve pain, swelling discomfort and improve comfort, and is worthy of promotion in clinical work.

Objective To evaluate the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor （SGLT2i） on the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Four hundred and six patients with STEMI complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing PCI were selected and divided into the conventional treatment group and SGLT2i group according to whether SGLT2i was used. Clinical data were collected. Patients were followed up by outpatient or telephone. Results The incidence of MACE and heart failure readmission rate in the SGLT2i group were lower than those in the conventional treatment group （both P < 0.01）. After the adjustment of all risk factors， SGLT2i could reduce the incidence of MACE（OR=3.59，95%CI 9.43-1.36）and the risk of heart failure readmission（OR=4.54，95%CI 15.30-1.35）compared with conventional treatment. Conclusion SGLT2i is a safe treatment for STEMI patients complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus after PCI， which can lower the incidence of MACE and heart failure readmission after surgery.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of early application of Dapagliflozin in patients undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods AMI patients undergoing emergency PCI (n = 68) were chosen from the Tengzhou Central People′s Hospital from September 2020 to September 2021, and divided randomly into control group (n = 34) and research group (n = 34). Both groups of patients were given aspirin, ticagrelor, etc after PCI. The control group received conventional treatments such as metoprolol perindopril, and the research group received dapagliflozin on bases of conventional oral medicine, a course for 6 months. The level of N -terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT - proBNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV), ventricular remodeling rate, the incidence of heart failure, the readmission rate, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results After 1 month and 6 months of treatment, the levels of NT-proBNP in the two groups were significantly lower than before treatment (P < 0.05), and LVEF was significantly higher than before treatment (P < 0.05). After 6 months of treatment, compared with control group, the levels of NT - proBNP、LVEDV、LVESV、ventricular remodeling and Incidence of heart failure were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and LVEF was evidently higher in the study group (P < 0.05). However, There were no significant differences in the rates of readmission and adverse drug reactions between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Early application of dapagliflozin can effectively reduce ventricular remodeling and improve cardiac function in patients with acute myocardial infarction after emergency PCI, with relatively good safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on the efficacy and safety of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods Four hundred and six patients with STEMI complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing PCI were selected and divided into the conventional treatment group and SGLT2i group according to whether SGLT2i was used. Clinical data were collected. Patients were followed up by outpatient or telephone. Results The incidence of MACE and heart failure readmission rate in the SGLT2i group were lower than those in the conventional treatment group (both P < 0.01). After the adjustment of all risk factors, SGLT2i could reduce the incidence of MACE (OR=3.59, 95%CI 9.43-1.36) and the risk of heart failure readmission (OR=4.54, 95%CI 15.30-1.35)compared with conventional treatment. Conclusion SGLT2i is a safe treatment for STEMI patients complicated with type 2 diabetes mellitus after PCI, which can lower the incidence of MACE and heart failure readmission after surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract injection combined with isosorbide mononitrate on radial artery occlusion (RAO) and hemodynamics after percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods: 120 patients with percutaneous coronary intervention through radial artery in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the research objects, they were randomly divided into observation group (n=59, isosorbide mononitrate treatment) and control group (n=61, control group combined with Ginkgo biloba extract injection). The differences of RAO between the two groups at 7 d, 30 d and 3 months after operation were explored, the differences of hemodynamic indexes [peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistance index (RI) ]between the two groups before and 2 weeks after treatment were compared, and the differences of cardiac function [B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac index (CI) ] between the two groups before and 30d after treatment were compared, the difference of adverse reactions between the two groups was analyzed. Results: The incidence of RAO in the observation group was lower than that in the control group at 7 d after operation (P<0.05) . There was no significant difference in the incidence of RAO between the two groups at 30d after operation and 3 months after operation (all P>0.05) . 2 weeks after treatment, the levels of PSV and EDV in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the level of RI was lower than that before treatment. Moreover, the PSV and EDV in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the RI was lower than that in the control group (all P<0.05) . 30 d after treatment, BNP in the two groups was lower than that before treatment, BNP in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, LVEF and CI in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and LVEF and CI in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Ginkgo biloba extract injection combined with isosorbide mononitrate can reduce the occurrence of RAO after coronary intervention through radial artery puncture, which have less impact on hemodynamics, and it is conducive to the recovery of cardiac function, and with a good safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin and unfarction heparin in patients with coronary heart disease during percutaneous coronary intervention by investigating the MACE between the percutaneous coronary intervention procedure and post percutaneous coronary intervention 72 hours. Methods: 200 patients with coronary heart disease who accepted percutaneous coronary intervention were investigated in this study. According to the anticoagulants, these patients were divided into LMWH subgroup(117 cases) and UFH subgroup(83 cases). According to conventional method, the MACE what happened during percutaneous coronary intervention procedure and post percutaneous coronary intervention 72 hours come from each group of patients was investigated and these statistics were analysised so that evaluate the efficacy and safety of low molecular weight heparin and unfarction heparin. Results: (1) There were no statistical significance in baseline characteristics between the each group (P＞0.05). (2) There were statistical significance in the incidence of TIMI flow slows between the each group (P＜0.05), low molecular weight heparin is superior to unfarction heparin in terms of efficacy. (3)There were no statistical significance in death between the each group (P＞0.05), but there were statistical significance in bleeding / hematoma complications, and other (pericardial tamponade, chest pain, cardiogenic shock, cardiac rapture, ventricular septal perforation, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, Aspen attack, stent thrombosis and so on) between the each group (P＜0.05), low molecular weight heparin less adverse reactions, higher safety. Conclusion: Low molecular weight heparin in the percutaneous coronary intervention effect is more significant, and less than UFH adverse reactions and high safety, more suitable for percutaneous coronary intervention anticoagulant therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the clinical effects and complications of coronary intervention through radial artery and femoral artery．Methods A hundred and sixty patients received coronary intervention treatment or coronary angiogram in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from March 2010 to March 2015 were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into radial artery puncture group (n=80)，who received radial artery puncture and femoral artery puncture group (n =80) who received femoral artery puncture. The general date such as puncture time， intervention success rate， time in bed， postpuncture compression time and complications such as postoperative bleeding， arterial occlusion and postoperative untoward reactions were recorded and compared. Results The intervention success rate of radial artery puncture group was 90.0% lower than that of femoral artery puncture group (97.5%)，with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The puncture time， postpuncture compression time， time in bed and hospital stays of radial artery puncture group were significantly shorter than those of femoral artery puncture group (P<0.01). As for complications， the incidences of postpuncture bleeding and vagus nerve reflex in radial artery puncture group were significantly lower than that in femoral artery puncture group (P<0.05). As for postoperative untoward reactions， the incidences of irritable and insomnia， uroschesis，pain caused by puncture，local skin injure， back pain in radial artery puncture group were significantly lower than those in femoral artery puncture group (P<0.01). Conclusion With the advantages of mini-invasion，such as shorter time in bed and hospital stays，lower complications and untoward reactions rates， coronary intervention through radial artery is worth of clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heparin has been widely used in coronary intervention, but because of the anticoagulant effect in the application process large individual differences, the relatively high risk of bleeding complications and other issues become more prominent, which has attracted the attention of doctors. In contrast, low molecular weight heparin anticoagulant effect, and bleeding risk is low, the relatively low incidence of complications, without laboratory monitoring, etc., tends to play an important role in the coronary intervention. Unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin in percutaneous coronary intervention in the comparative efficacy and safety is worth to explore. Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin,allows us to make better choice of anticoagulant drugs in coronary intervention, thus greatly improve the success rate of surgery to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and to relieve the suffering of patients. In this paper, based on the pharmacological effects of unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin and clinical results of the study, unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin in percutaneous coronary intervention in efficacy and safety were analyzed and compared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the value of N-terminal pro-brain natriureticpeptide in prediction of the long-term prognosis of patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction （ STEMI） after emergent PCI. Methods The plasm levels of NT-proBNP were detected with ELISA method in 106 patients with STEMI in our Hospital at 24 h，72 h，7 d，and 30 d after admission. The patients were also given echocardiography at 24 h，72 h，7 d， and 30d after admission to detect the LVEDVI， LVESVI and LVEF. The patients were followed up for 6 months to observe the incidence of cardiac events （death， cardiac shock and congestive heart failure） . Then the patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 with cardiac events （28 cases） and Group2 without cardiac events （78 cases．Results Compared with patients in group 2，the plasm levels NT-proBNP were significantly higher than in group 1 （1972.4±742.6 vs.896.7±517.3 ， < 0.05） . The optimal cutoff value of NT-proBNP to predict cardiac event was 860 fmol/mL， with a sensitivity of 88.3% and a specificity of 70.1%. Patients with NT-proBNP concentration above 860 fmol/mL had a higher rate of cardiac events （heart failure， cardiogenic shock and death） （43.47% vs .13.33%， < 0.05） ．The areas under ROC curve of NT-proBNP and LVEDD to predict cardiac event were 0.801 and 0.476. Only NT-proBNP had predictive values for the patients （ ＜0.01） ．Univariate analysis showed that NT-proBNP was correlated with the cardiac events （ ＝0.8017， ＜0.01） ．Multiple regression logistic analysis showed that NT-proBNP was an independent factor for prediction of cardiac events （ ＝0.012， 95% confidence interval of 1.869-4.127） ．Conclusions The emergent percutaneous coronary intervention can decrease NT-proBNP levels， reduce LVRM and improve LVEF.NT-proBNP can predict the long term prognosis of STEMI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high incidence of cardiovascular diseases is a serious threat to human health, and endovascular surgery has become the standard treatment for most interventional cardiovascular diseases. The robotassisted endovascular surgery system further enhances surgeons' ability to perform minimally invasive endovascular procedures in interventional cardiology. This study presents a new robotic technique for coronary intervention from the perspective of clinical application. Aiming at clinical application scenarios, this scheme proposed an intuitive guide wire catheter mechanism design, which accurately and perfectly simulates the doctor's hand movements, realizes the positive and negative direction translation of the guide wire catheter, accurate torque control of the guide wire rotation and locking. The results of animal test showed that the R-One TM has a high degree of dexterity, accuracy and stability,and meets the clinical needs.