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Objective: To investigate the clinical features and the value of different diagnostic indices for etiology in reproductive age women with hyperandrogenism. Methods: The medical records of 96 reproductive age women with hyperandrogenism in the multi-disciplinary team of Peking University First Hospital from January 2020 to April 2021 were collected. The patients were divided into four groups based on final diagnosis: congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) ( n =8), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) ( n =67), idiopathic hyperandrogenism ( n =13) and other specific diseases ( n =8), respectively. The indices related to androgens in different groups were compared, and then their efficiency for diagnosis of CAH and PCOS were analyzed with receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve). Results: A total of 96 patients with hyperandrogenism were recruited, with the age of 19-45 (29±6) years old. Overall, 4.2% (4/96) of the patients were with single clinical hyperandrogenism, 56.3% (54/96) were with single laboratory hyperandrogenaemia and 39.6% (38/96) were with both. The breakdown into laboratory hyperandrogenaemia subtypes was as follows: only T elevation 22.8% (21/92), only A2 elevation 7.6% (7/92), none DHEAS elevation, only FAI elevation 5.4% (5/92) and elevation of more than one of the androgen indices mentioned above accounted for 64.1% (59/92). In the reasons of consultation, simple irregular menstruation (36.0%, 32/89) or accompanied by clinical hyperandrogenism with or without infertility (36.0%, 32/89) were the most common. As for primary visiting departments, Obstetrics and Gynecology accounted for 53.2% (51/96), and then Endocrinology as 39.5% (38/96). The 17-OHP level of CAH, PCOS and idiopathic hyperandrogenism group was 20.0 (8.2, 33.1), 1.1 (0.8, 1.4), 0.9 (0.8, 1.3) ng/ml, respectively. The androstenedione level in these groups was 6.3 (4.6, 8.7), 3.8 (2.9, 4.8) and 3.2 (2.7, 3.7) ng/ml, respectively. The 17-OHP and androstenedione levels of CAH group were significantly higher than that in PCOS or idiopathic hyperandrogenism group (all P <0.05). The ratio of LH and FSH in these three groups was 0.8(0.5, 1.0), 1.3(0.6, 1.9) and 0.6(0.3, 0.7), respectively. The ratio of LH and FSH was significantly higher in PCOS than that in idiopathic hyperandrogenism group ( P =0.024), but yet there was no significant difference compared with CAH group ( P >0.05). The AUC of ROC curve of 17-OHP for CAH diagnosis was 0.94, followed by androstenedione 0.83, whereas LH/FSH for PCOS diagnosis was only 0.63. Conclusions: Among the reasons of consultation in reproductive age women who visited our multi-disciplinary team for female hyperandrogenism, simple irregular menstruation or accompanied by clinical hyperandrogenism with or without infertility are the most common. PCOS accounts for the majority of different androgen excess disorders. 17-OHP is the most valuable parameter for the diagnosis of CAH and secondly androstenedione.

We measured the passive membrane properties of 24 relay cells in slice preparation of the lateral geniculate nucleus of the rabbit. The resting membrane potential was -62.7 +/- 4.1 mV (mean +/- SD) with an input resistance of 30.4 +/- 11.2 M omega. According to Rall's linear cable model, the electrotonic length (L) of the dendrite was 0.79 +/- 0.13. The voltage attenuation factor (H) was 1.33 +/- 0.11. All these indicated that the relay cells were electrically compact. DC voltage on the distal dendrite could spread to the soma attenuated only by 25%.

Substance P immunoreactive terminals arising from the superior colliculus have been observed in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat. However, the functional role of this tachykininergic projection is still unknown. We studied the effects of substance P on voltage-dependent ion channels of lateral geniculate neurons in rat's in vitro brain slice with a single-electrode-voltage-clamp technique. It was found that substance P caused a depolarizing shift of membrane potential with a decrease of membrane conductance, suggesting that substance P depressed the linear potassium leak current. In addition, substance P inhibited the slowly inactivated potassium current, low threshold (T-) calcium current and inward rectifier (H- or Q-) current. Probably, the transient potassium (A-) current was also depressed by substance P. Therefore, the effects of substance P were considered to transfer activities of lateral geniculate neurons from burst response mode or oscillatory state to relay response mode, and to facilitate synaptic transmission, so that retinal visual signals could be relayed to the visual cortex with less distortion faithfully.

The effects of Guifu Dihuang Pills extract were observed in rabbit IgG accelerated mouse nephritis model induced by nephrotoxic serum. The results showed that this preparation could increase serum albumin, reduce urine protein, serum urea nitrogen and total cholesterol in serum, and improve the histological lesions in kidneys. The effects of Guifu Dihuang Pills extract in dosages of 0.3g/kg and 1.2g/kg were similar to those of cyclophosphamide 0.015g/kg.

Using techniques of DNA-DNA dot blot hybridization, we examined 98 cervical specimens for the presence of human papillomavirus type 16 HPV-16 and human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) sequence and analysed the relationship between virus infection and various cervical diseases, age of patients, age at first coitus, age of first child birth, the number of pregnancy, use of oral contraceptives. The results showed that the rate of HPV DNA and HCMV DNA positivity in cervical carcinoma is significantly higher than that of non-carcinomatous tissue. In addition, the positivity correlates with age, at first intercourse, but not with age of first child birth, the number of pregnancy and use of oral contraceptives. These data suggested that HPV-16 and HCMV infection is associated with cervical carcinoma. Some cases of cervical erosion with HPV infection may lead to cervical. The high incidence of cervical carcinoma in women married early in life may be related to virus infection in adolescence. HPV acting with other synergistic factors, such as HCMV is considered to lead to the occurrence of cervical carcinoma.