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Aiming at the characteristics of large solution space, discrete, dynamic and nonlinear of firepower-target assignment problem, this paper proposes a deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on DQN. By combining the 6-layer fully connected feedforward neural network with the Q-learning algorithm, the perception ability of deep learning and the decision-making ability of reinforcement learning are fully utilized. Through the comparison of model performance tests, this method has strong fitting ability, fast convergence speed and small variance jitter, and the distribution results meet the combat expectations, which can provide some reference for commanders to make decisions on fire strike problems.

Background Henoch-Schonlein purpura is a vascular inflammatory illness that develops in childhood and in some children involves the kidneys, clinically known as Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis. Different studies have suggested different interventions, and there is a wide variation in the outcome indicators used for the intervention approaches. Objective To investigate and analyze the current status of clinical research outcome indicators for Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in China, so as to provide a reference basis for the establishment of a core set of outcome indicators in this field. Methods CNKI, CBM, VIP, Wanfang Data, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science were systematically searched to collect publicly available Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis studies from January 2010 to June 2021. The Chinese databases were searched using the search strategy of title or keywords combined with subject terms, and the English databases were searched using subject terms combined with free words. Two investigators independently screened the literature and extracted information according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, processed and analyzed the data on outcome indicators. Results A total of 148 randomized controlled trials of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis were included, and the outcome indicators of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis studies were mainly physical and chemical indicators, with fewer symptomatic indicators. The highest frequency of outcome indicators were clinical efficacy (121 times, 81.76%), adverse reactions (74 times, 50.00%), 24-hour urine protein (68 times, 45.95%), urinary red blood cells (43 times, 29.05%), and recurrence rate (20 times, 13.51%). The division between primary and secondary outcome indicators was clearly distinguished in only two articles. Conclusion There are several indicators for the research outcomes of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in China, primarily physical and chemical variables, with significant variation. The research focuses on efficacy measures but ignores adverse reactions. As a result, it is necessary to establish a set of outcome indicators for clinical intervention studies on Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis in order to provide a reference basis for selecting outcome indicators and guiding clinical decision-making in future similar studies.

With the development of society, security issues in various types of networks have become increasingly prominent, especially network propagation issues. Accurately locating the diffusion source points of network propagation is an important means to control network propagation. The research on the source location of network propagation also faces problems such as diverse network structure and complex dissemination mechanism. Therefore, this paper studies the problem of source location of network propagation based on graph neural networks, and an invertible graph diffusion model based on graph convolutional networks (GCNIGD) is proposed. In the stage of node susceptibility estimation, the graph convolutional neural network is combined to make full use of the structural information of the network considering the connection relationship between network nodes. In the stage of node feature construction, the graph diffusion theory is combined to spatially localize the information propagation in the network, so that the graph-based model can be enhanced by learning from multi-hop information. In the stage of source localization, the graph traceability problem is transformed into the inverse problem of graph diffusion, a reversible graph network is constructed to accurately estimate the source node, and the ill-posed problems in network traceability are solved. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on six real-world datasets, and the results show that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. This study has important guiding significance for network security issues such as false information traceability, network attack traceability, etc.

Long-range multi-purpose cluster munitions with reconnaissance, identification, strike and evaluation functions are widely used, and a large number of unexploded submunitions will be generated on the surface, which will greatly hinder the battlefield maneuver, deployment and depth attack. Due to its special visual characteristics, surface unexploded submunitions use imaging technology and deep learning technology for long-distance, large-area, non-contact rapid and accurate detection and recognition. This paper introduces the common methods of unexploded submunition detection and their advantages and disadvantages, summarizes the imaging characteristics of unexploded submunitions under different imaging technology conditions and their identification and positioning methods, analyzes the signifi-cant advantages of deep learning in the field of unexploded submunition detection and recognition. Then, a UAV-borne rapid detection, identification and positioning method based on deep learning for surface unexploded submunitions is proposed.

【Objective】This study aims to discover members of the Al-activated malate transporter ALMT gene family that may be involved in the growth and development of litchi and to investigate their biological functions.【Method】The physicochemical properties of proteins, subcellular localisation predictions, phylogeny, gene structure, conservative motifs, chromosomal positioning, promoter cis-acting elements, protein structure and expression patterns of litchi ALMT gene family members were systematically analysed using bioinformatics methods, expression of the litchi LcALMTs was analysed by qPCR.【Result】The results showed that the litchi LcALMT gene family has 16 members with CDS lengths ranging from 118 to 803 bp and isoelectric points between 5.16 and 9.07. Subcellular localisation predictions showed that the LcALMTs were all localised to the plasma membrane, and the family was divided into five subclades based on a phylogenetic tree. The number of exons of the LcALMTs ranged from 3 to 10, and four LcALMT genes did not contain any non-coding regions. Chromosomal localisation analysis revealed that LcALMTs was localised on only six of the 15 chromosomes of litchi, and mainly on chromosome 13. Conservative motif analysis revealed that litchi ALMT family members contain both ALMT and ALMT superfamily structural domains. Among the cis-acting elements, light-responsive elements accounted for the largest proportion, followed by hormone-responsive elements. Expression pattern analysis revealed that the expression of Litchi LcALMTs was highly variable in different tissues, with LcALMT5 and LcALMT15 being expressed at high levels in all tissues, the qPCR results showed that the expression level of LcALMT5 was more consistent with the results of the transcriptome.【Conclusion】There are 16 members of the litchi ALMT Gene family, which has a conservative gene structure and protein domain, and there are differences in tissue expression.

For studying the crevice corrosion behavior and mechanism of Q235 carbon steel under different crevice widths and environmental temperatures, wire beam electrode (WBE) technology and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technology were used to study the differences in current density, polarization resistance, and corrosion morphology of wire beam electrodes. Results showed that when the crevice width was greater than 0.1 mm, the corrosion characteristics of the crevice were not obvious. When the crevice width was 0.1 mm, the maximum current density differences of carbon steel during the initial immersion at 25, 40, and 60 ℃ were 1.24, 19.90, and 7.20 μA/cm2, respectively, while the maximum current density differences after 72 h of immersion were only 41.9%, 4.2%, and 11.9% of the initial immersions. In addition, the polarity conversion phenomenon of current occurred both inside and outside the crevice, indicating that Q235 carbon steel gradually transformed from local corrosion to uniform corrosion with the prolongation of immersion time. Moreover, increasing temperature could enhance the trend of crevice corrosion, and the causes of the most serious corrosion outside the crevice were insufficient soaking time and an increase in solution resistance drop. In general, FeOOH participating in the cathodic reaction caused the electrode to change from the anode to the cathode, while the dissolution reaction of the metal caused the electrode properties changing from the cathode to the anode.

The volatile content in nitrile rubber was measured by halogen moisture meter and compared with the results obtained by the hot-roll method. The influence of different measurement conditions on the measured results of the halogen moisture meter was investigated. The results showed that using the halogen moisture meter, the volatile content in nitrile rubber raw rubber could be measured by both the preset drying time method and preset mass loss method. Under suitable conditions such as sample mass of 3 g, drying temperature of 110 ℃, preset heating time of 8 min, or preset mass loss of 1/140 mg/s, the measured results were consistent with the hot-roll method. This method reduced measure time, was easy to operate, and could be used to guide quickly actual production.

Aiming at the problem that the target recognition algorithm based on deep learning has the characteristics of complex network structure, large amount of parameters and high computation delay, which is difficult to directly apply to the missile-borne task, the network lightweight method are summarized. The advantages and respective characteristics of existing compression methods and lightweight networks are introduced, and the excellent algorithms in va-rious aspects are selected for comparison. Finally, combined with the development of deep learning in the field of target detection, the lightweight missile borne image target recognition algorithm is prospected.

In order to enhance the corrosion resistance of the cast Al - Cu - Mg - Ag alloy, a micro - arc oxidation (MAO) coating was prepared on the surface of the alloy and then sealed with silicone epoxy resin. The corrosion resistance of the Al - MAO coating system before and after sealing treatment was analyzed by electrochemical test, salt spray test and full immersion test. Results showed that after the corrosion test, the cast Al - Cu - Mg - Ag alloy corroded seriously, a large number of corrosion pits appeared along the grain boundary, and the tensile strength of alloy decreased by about 60 MPa; as for the Al - MAO coating system, the corrosion medium corroded the alloy substrate through the micro pores on the surface of the coating, a large number of white spot - like corrosion products appeared on the surface, and its tensile strength decreased by about 25 MPa. The effects of sealing treatment on the Al - MAO coating were as follows: the corrosion current density reduced from 2.62×10-8A/cm2 to 5.52×10-12A/cm2; the corrosion potential positively shifted from -589 mV to -342 mV; the low - frequency impedance increased from～105 Ω·cm2 to ～109 Ω·cm2; after the salt spray test and the full immersion test, no corrosion occurred; and the tensile strength basically remained the same. After the sealing treatment, the surface defects of the MAO coating were sealed, and a dense ceramic - organic composite coating formed on the alloy surface, which greatly reduced the corrosion rate and significantly improved the corrosion resistance of the alloy system.

Using Tianbao banana as the test material, one strain of Fusarium was isolated, purified and identified. Different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL) of camellia saponin were used to determine the inhibitory effect on Fusarium. The weight loss rate, hardness, soluble solids, titratable acid, respiratory strength and other main quality indicators of bananas treated with different concentrations of camellia saponin (15, 20, 25 mg/mL and 30 mg/mL) at a temperature of 16 ℃ and a relative humidity of 85% under constant temperature and humidity for 25 days were determined to study the effect of camellia saponin on bananas. The results showed that the antibacterial rate of camellia saponin against Fusarium continued to increase as the concentration increased. When the concentration of camellia saponin was 20 mg/mL, the antibacterial rate could reach 86.52%, but when the concentration increased again, the antibacterial rate did not increase significantly. On this basis, the MIC and MBC values of camellia saponin against Fusarium were determined to be 5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively. Comprehensive quality indicators showed that the 20 mg/mL concentration of camellia saponin solution had the best preservation effect on post-harvest bananas. When stored for 20 days, compared with the control group (clear water group and positive control group), the weight loss rate was reduced by 48.04% and 51.67%, respectively. Compared with the control group (clear water group), soluble solids delayed the emergence of the peak value. Titratable acid increased by 56.09% and 23.07%, and respiratory intensity increased by 65.68% and 14.82%. On the 10th day of storage, the hardness increased by 13.76% compared with the positive control group. The results of the research are expected to provide certain theoretical and technical support for the preservation of bananas by camellia saponin.

In this work, the status of preparing Cu - based alloy coatings by cold spraying in recent years was systematically introduced. The techniques adopted for the cold spraying of bronze, Cu - Zn and Cu - Cr and other types of Cu - based alloy coatings were summarized, and the properties of coatings were represented from the aspects of microstructure, mechanical properties, wear resistance and corrosion resistance. At last, the future research and development direction of the cold spray technology in relation with Cu - based alloy coatings was prospected.

Objective To explore the feasibility of establishing a computer-aided diagnostic model of multi-stained pathological images in patients with non-inflammatory aortic medial degeneration(MD). Methods In this study, pathological sections of aortic surgical specimens for non-inflammatory lesions from patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections were retrospectively collected at the Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from July to December 2018. The lesions were scanned under ×400 magnification as whole slide images(WSI) and then annotated by two pathologists. The annotated WSI images were randomly split into training and test sets in a 6:1 ratio. SE-EmbraceNet was used to train the data to construct a multi-classification model for MD of multi-stained pathology images, including intralamellar mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation (MEMA-I), translamellar mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation (MEMA-T), elastic fiber fragmentation and/or loss(EFFL) and smooth muscle cell nuclei loss (SMCNL). The classification effect of the model was evaluated based on the test set data, and the results were expressed in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and the F1 value. Results Totally 530 pathological slides of non-inflammatory aortic lesion surgical specimens from patients with aortic aneurysm and dissection were included. Extracted 5265 sets of images, each containing 5 stained pathological images of the same lesion site: HE staining, special staining (elastic fiber/VanGieson, Masson, Alcian blue/periodic acid Schiff) and smooth muscle actin staining. There were 4513 sets of training images, including 987 SMCNL, 2013 EFFL, 1337 MEMA-I, and 176 MEMA-T; and 752 test images including 166 SMCNL, 335 EFFL, 222 MEMA-I, and 29 MEMA-T. The overall performance of the model in the test set showed good results, with an accuracy of 96.54%(726/752). The model had the best classification performance for EFFL, with accuracy, sensitivity, precision, and F1 value all ≥98.51%. The model also had a great classification ability for SMCNL, with all evaluated indexes≥97.59%. Conclusion The multi-stained pathology image-based MD classification model constructed in this study has high classification accuracy and good generalization ability, which has the potential to be applied to assist in the diagnosis of the non-inflammatory aortic lesion.

【Objective】Acid invertase (SAI) plays an important role in litchi sugar metabolism. The litchi LcSAI promoter is cloned and analyzed in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research on the function of LcSAI in regulating litchi sugar metabolism.【Method】With the pulp of Feizixiao litchi as test material, according to the litchi genome sequence information, the 1 500 bp promoter sequence upstream of LcSAI gene was cloned. At the same time, the transcription start sites, cis-acting elements and CpG islands in the promoter sequences were predicted and analyzed by bioinformatics tools.【Result】A 1 514 bp LcSAI promoter sequence was cloned. In addition to a large number of promoter core elements such as TATA-box and enhancer element CAAT-box, promoter cis-acting elements also had light-responsive cis-elements, hormone response elements, anaerobic inducible response elements, and MYB binding sites, MYC binding sites and some cis-acting elements of unknown function. There may be three core promoter regions in the LcSAI promoter sequence. TheLcSAI promoter region did not predict CpG islands that met the defined conditions.【Conclusion】The LcSAI gene promoter is related to adversity stress. It is predicted that LcSAI plays an important role in the physiological process of litchi resisting adversity stress.

Based on the microseismic monitoring data, the time-frequency characteristics of the rockburst events induced by mining in 13200 working face of Gengcun Coal Mine of Henan Energy and Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd. and microseismic events before the rockburst events are analyzed by using fast fourier transform, wavelet packet transform and Hilbert-Huang transform. The results show that the main frequency of rockburst is within 10 Hz, and the main frequency of the microseismic event waveform before rockburst is within 100 Hz. The highest energy distribution frequency band is within 5 when rockburst occurs. The highest energy distribution frequency band of the previous three microseismic events waveforms is about 10. The instantaneous energy of the six microseismic event waveforms before rockburst is not high, indicating that there is a silent period of energy before rockburst occurs. Based on the time-frequency characteristics of rockburst events and microseismic events before rockburst, the precursor characteristics of rockburst are obtained. The main frequency of the microseismic event waveform is within 100 Hz, the highest energy distribution frequency band is within 10, and the instantaneous energy is less than 1-5.

In railway signaling design, the calculation of electricity consumption for railway signal equipment is very complicated. To simplify the process of electricity consumption design for railway signal equipment, this paper analyzes various calculation methods of signal load, and uses the VB6.0 programming software to compile the electricity consumption calculation software for railway signal equipment, reducing the difficulty of electricity consumption design for railway signal equipment and improving design efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the problems of constant speed and single carbon emission calculation method in the distribution model of fresh agricultural products in the transportation link of agricultural supply chain, combined with the time-varying characteristics of road network and the new multi vehicle carbon emission calculation method, this study put forward the distribution route optimization model of fresh agricultural products with four optimization objectives, which were the distribution distance, multi vehicle carbon emission, goods loss and vehicle fixed cost. In this model, the calculation of fuel consumption and carbon emission in the model would be affected by many factors, among which the load is the most important factor: Firstly, the average fuel consumption per 100 km of different trucks was calculated, then the CO2 emission factors of various trucks were calculated according to the carbon balance principle, and finally the average value of the results of each truck was taken as the carbon emission factor of the vehicle. According to those characteristics of the model, an improved double strategies co-evolutionary ant colony system (DC-ACS) was proposed. In this study, the main method was used to transform the problem into a solvable single objective problem. Then, the ant colony algorithm combined the coevolution mechanism, adaptive pheromone update strategy and local search mechanism were used to improve the solution effect of the algorithm. Finally, an appropriate fitness calculation method and stagnation avoidance strategy were designed to enhance the ability of the algorithm to jump out of local optimization. The C105 example of Solomon dataset was solved by using the improved ant colony algorithm. The optimal solutions on the four optimization objectives were 937.94 km, 4961.48 CNY, 4081.78 CNY and 7500.87 CNY respectively, which proved the effectiveness of the model proposed in this study. Based on the effectiveness of the model, the experimental results showed that the total distribution cost of the improved ant colony algorithm reduced by more than 14% on average compared with the basic ant colony algorithm on the four optimization objectives, which proved that the improved ant colony algorithm had more advantages. The improved ant colony algorithm was used to solve large-scale examples with different distributions: centralized, random and mixed. The optimal total costs were 19939.53 CNY, 24095 CNY and 24397.58 CNY, respectively. To sum up, the proposed model and algorithm could provide a good reference for the urban distribution path decision-making of cold chain logistics enterprises, a new idea to improve the distribution path optimization model and optimization method of smart agricultural supply chain, and a reference for enterprises to further expand their scale.

The problem existing in the transformation of deep learning algorithm to engineering application is analyzed. Combining with the characteristics and development trends of army intelligent ammunition, the missile-borne image processing heterogeneous accelerate system for deep learning is put forward based on the research of compression, quantitative and hardware heterogeneous acceleration, realizing heterogeneous hardware design. The DNNDK is used to compress and quantify the Yolo v3 model. The weight and parameter compression rate are more than 90% and 80%, realizing the lightweight design of Yolo v3. Based on the DPU hardware acceleration architecture, the algorithm is transplanted to the missile-borne embedded platform, and its power consumption and detection efficiency meet the requirements of missile-borne image processing.

Coal rock has many porous characteristics, such as cleavage, pore and so on. Drilling fluid is easy to invade into coal bed rock, which is easy to cause wellbore instability. Considering the physical effect of drilling fluid loss on coal rock, a fluid-solid coupling model for evaluating the stability of coal wellbore is established by using Mohr-Coulomb plastic model as the failure criterion of coal bed rock. Through numerical simulation, the effects of drilling fluid loss on the stress field and seepage field of coal rock are compared and analyzed. The results show that the extrusion of non-uniform in-situ stress makes drilling fluid easy to leak along the direction of maximum horizontal in-situ stress, and the loss of drilling fluid will lead to the increase of pore pressure, which will change the stress of coal rock surrounding the wellbore. The maximum stress field shifts from the direction of maximum horizontal in-situ stress to the direction of minimum horizontal in-situ stress, and the maximum stress increases from 15 MPa to 17 MPa, which is not conducive to the stability of coal rock. Under the condition of positive pressure difference, drilling fluid will invade into the pore of coal rock, increase the pore pressure, cause the stress of coal and rock to increase, and cause wellbore instability. Therefore, the influence of drilling fluid pressure supporting wellbore and pore pressurization to damage wellbore should be considered comprehensively in the design of drilling fluid density.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, which is also the main death cause of cancer patients. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of CRC patients. However, late recurrence and distant metastatic diseases cannot be cured, which will result in poor prognosis. With the cross penetration of molecular biology, oncology and immunology, the immunotherapy has made a huge breakthrough and has become an important means of tumor therapy. This article summarizes the immunotherapy of metastatic CRC at home and abroad in recent years.

In order to solve the problems that orders are widely distributed, scheduling of distribution vehicle needs a lot of manpower,and high cost of chicken distribution in large-scale poultry enterprise, in this research, combined with the idea of solving vehicle routing optimization problem, a chicken distribution vehicle scheduling optimization model based on order location clustering was proposed. By introducing the K-means clustering algorithm, a distribution unit division method based on order location was implemented, an automated order location clustering process based on the elbow rule and contour coefficient method to realize the autonomous division of order distribution units was designed. On the basis of the divided groups of orders, the optimal delivery cost was taken as the objective function to establish a chicken delivery vehicle scheduling optimization model, and the model was solved with an improved genetic algorithm.The actual order data of a poultry company in Beijing was used to compare the results of the overall scheduling optimization in the case of orders without clustering and the scheduling optimization in the case of with clustering grouping. The results showed that the model in the case of orders with clustering could reduce the average daily mileage of delivery vehicles by 69% compared with orders without clustering, it could be seen that the optimization of order grouping with clustering algorithm was more suitable for vehicle scheduling scenarios with a large actual order position span and a large number of orders. Based on the above research, a vehicle scheduling optimization service system was developed, functions such as automatic order clustering, delivery vehicle scheduling optimization were realized, and model service application programming interface was customized.The practical application results of the model showed that, the average total mileage per day decreased by 5.04% compared with manual routing, the manual routing time took 20 to 30 minutes per day, and the average time for the model to complete the routing was 14.49 s. The goal of providing intelligent delivery vehicle scheduling optimization services for poultry industry enterprises has been achieved, which could effectively improve the operation efficiency and reduce the distribution cost of the poultry enterprise.

Aiming at the problem that the longer concentration time of juice will lead to more loss of beneficial components, a rapid concentration membrane distillation module based on sweeping gas membrane distillation was designed. The mathematical model was established to calculate and analyze the variation of concentration of the feed liquid flowing out of the membrane module and the double concentration time with the temperature of feed liquid, the inner diameter of membrane tube, the flow rate of sweeping gas (air) and the membrane pore diameter. The results show that the double concentration time of the feed liquid is 40 ~ 100 s under typical operating parameters. The relative influence coefficients of double concentration time with the temperature of feed liquid, the inner membrane tube diameter, the flow rate of air and the membrane pore diameter are 130.6%, 10.2%,9.8% and 5.9% respectively. Increasing the temperature of the feed liquid, reducing the inner diameter of membrane tube, increasing the flow rate of air and the membrane pore diameter are beneficial to reduce the double concentration time of the feed liquid. When the temperature of feed liquid is 60 t, concentration of the feed liquid flowing in the membrane module is 10%, concentration of the feed liquid flowing out the membrane module is 40%, the retention rates of vitamin C, total phenolic content and total carotenoid content in orange juice are 97.99%, 98.59% and 98.30%, respectively. The research can provide reference for the development of rapid concentration device for thermosensitive food liquid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To ensure the newly admitted patients with non-COVID-19 infection to be well protected through setting up buffer quarantine area in designated hospitals. Methods For safety of the admission of patients with infectious diseases in Yichang Third People's Hospital, a buffer quarantine area was set up,pathway for outpatient and emergency patients entering management process of diagnosis and treatment was established. Through the outpatient pre-screening and triage, the non-COVID-19 and COVID-19 patients were preliminarily identified. Newly admitted patients with non-coronavirus infectious diseases were managed in separated rooms. Then they were divided into specialized infectious disease areas through a six-day health monitoring and standardized screening. Results The establishment and operation of the buffer quarantine area ensured the regular treatment of patients with other infectious diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic, and prevented cross-infection to medical staff and other patients. At the same time, by buffering and isolating the ward, centralized treatment reduced the investment of human resources and protective materials, which was more conducive to standardized management. Conclusions The setting up of the centralized management of the buffer quarantine area can protect the patients with other infectious diseases and provide them with qualified treatment.

In this paper, 1 m³ climate chamber method and GC-MS were used to quantitatively analyze the content level changes of five organophosphorus flame retardants in pollution sources, and the average concentration of OPEs in the air was 110 ng/m3 based on calculation, in which tris-(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) was the main pollutant. Moreover, the health risk assessment of one organophosphorus flame retardants in laminate flooring was evaluated, of which the non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk were at a low level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultraviolet-visible and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the effects of pH, solvent and temperature on the tautomeric equilibrium of selaginellins from Selaginella. The results demonstrated that the tautomerism of selaginellins could be catalyzed by acid, base and protic solvent. Variable-temperature 1H NMR experiments demonstrated that the tautomerism was interrupted when the temperature fell below 233 K.

The factors,which influence the stability of thin-wall perforated steel components are complex. Take the columns as an example,in the existing research,much attention has been paid to the continuous section,but little paper on noncontinuous one. According to the characteristics of the non continuous cross section,based on performance testing and finite element analysis of columns,with the method of BP neural network intelligent stability prediction,the stability prediction model of the columns is established. The predict results are compared with the test data,and the error is less than 2%,which is more accurate than the finite element analysis results. It is very promising that the intelligent prediction method has applied in the structure engineering.

Based on the application of the honeycomb in the square guide rail,analyzed the tandem honeycomb deformation stability by experiments. Found tandem honeycomb is prone to instability in the impact process for the effect of uneven strength of simple honeycomb and impact load deflection. Analysis shows that the plate, with low intensity or its sectional dimension is smaller than guide rail section, is difficult to prevent honeycomb instability. To improve the effect of connection on keep tandem honeycomb deformation stability, studied the relationship among plate sectional dimension, guide rail sectional dimension and plate deflection degree from the theoretical level: when the guide rail sectional dimension unchanged, the longer the length of connection plate is, the smaller the deflection angle of plate is, the smaller the friction between plate and guide rail is, the better the guiding function of connection plate is. Based on the conclusion, designed a new guiding plate, it is not only improves tandem honeycomb deformation stability, but also solves the honeycomb peeling.

The highly ordered porous anodic alumina was prepared by anodic oxidation technology, after being treated by AC phosphoric pore broadening, the Cu-Ni nano composite particles were deposited into anodic alumina pores by AC frequency with 50Hz in different voltages, different time and different temperatures. The spectra result shows that the coating prepared under the conditions of voltage is 12V, time is 600s, temperature is 25℃ has good solar absorption performance, the absorptivity is 0.91, emissivity is 0.18, quality factor is 4.9. The SEM and XRD analysis show that CuAl2O4/Cu-Ni composite nanorods were deposited on the surface of the composite oxide coating. After heat treatment at 600℃, the solar absorption and infrared emission of target coating have a small fluctuation and the thermal stability of the coating system is greatly improved. The existing of CuAl2O4 limits the diffusion of metal particles under high temperature environment at the interface, which prevents the Cu/Ni from being oxidized.

Objective To study and analyze the effect of applying the knowledge, attitude/belief, and practice (KAP) nursing mode in caring for patients who receive fixed orthodontic treatment. Methods A total of 112 patients who re⁃ ceived orthodontic treatment were selected as study subjects. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 56 patients in each group. Patients in the control group were treated with conventional oral care, while those in the observation group were treated with the KAP nursing mode. The patients􀆳 awareness of the disease, treatment compliance, and orthodontic complications were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment with the KAP nursing mode, the disease cognition score was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Patient compliance was better in the observation group than in the control group throughout the treatment. Pa⁃ tients in the observation group were more able to return to the hospital on time than those in the control group. The orth⁃ odontic plaque index (OPI) of patients in the observation group decreased during the treatment. The OPI of patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that of patients in the control group at 6 months (t＝2.344) and 12 months (t＝3.721) after the start of the treatment (P < 0.05), and the incidence of orthodontic complications in the observation group was 7.1% (4/56), significantly lower than that in the control group (26.9% (15/56); c2＝9.728, P < 0.05). Conclu⁃ sion Application of the KAP nursing mode can effectively reduce the incidence of complications in patients with fixed orthodontics, improve the oral health of patients, and positively affect orthodontic treatment.

A comprehensive review was conducted on the historical development, construction scheme, and training strategy of the machine learning potential. This novel technique approximates the potential energy surface of molecular system at the level of first-principle calculations and has been successfully applied in the molecular modelling of combustion and explosion for energetic materials, including nitramine compounds (RDX, CL-20, and ICM-102), oxidizers (AP) and high-energy particles (Al, B). In addition, the representative applications of machine learning potential on the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels were also introduced. Furthermore, the challenges and future development perspectives of machine learning potential in energetic materials were discussed. It is well demonstrated that machine learning potentials, particularly deep potential models, are highly accurate and efficient. The data-driven approach makes it feasible to empower the simulation of million atoms with a great accuracy as first-principle calculations. In the final remark, the key challenges for the further development of machine learning potentials are discussed; (1) sampling issue for a complex potential energy surface under extreme conditions; (2) accuracy problem in the training dataset. With 91 references. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PPG-5-CETETH-20 is a multifunctional raw material. It has a wide range of application in skin care and hair care products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of PPG-5-CETETH-20 in shampoos and conditioners. The results showed that, PPG-5-CETETH-20 could improve the combability, softness and smoothness of hair. In additional, it could improve foam stability and fine bubbles therein, without any influence on the transparency of the products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pedestrian object detection and tracking have attracted much attention in the computer vision field. An improved multi-pedestrian tracking model is proposed, which improves the basic framework of Deep SORT and integrates Mask R-CNN to realize the detection, tracking and pose estimation f pedestrian. The anchor boxes with the more suitable aspect ratio for pedestrian target are adopted, which replace the anchor boxes of RPN to speed up the model and improve performance without complex calculation. In addition, attention mechanism is introduced into the deep residual network, i. e., the lightweight SKNet is used to choose the best convolution kernel adaptively to improve the feature representation for target detection. The histogram of gradient feature combined with color information is adopted instead of the convolution feature, which improves appearance feature association matching in the Deep SORT model so as to track pedestrian targets effectively under occlusion. The impact of various improvements on the model are verified through ablation studies, and the proposed model is compared with the current mainstream model. Experimental results show that the improved models are effective, which improves MOTA of NSH by 6% on the MOT16 tracking data set. The test performance of our proposal on the public datasets is superior to that of the compared models. The proposed model can still rack pedestrian targets effectively when the background moves or pedestrian targets are occluded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Object detection as a hot field in computer vision, usually requires a large number of labeled images for model training, which will cost a lot of manpower and material resources. At the same time, due to the inherent longtailed distribution of data in the real world, the number of samples of most objects is relatively small, such as many uncommon diseases, etc., and it is difficult to obtain a large number of labeled images. In this regard, few-shot object detection only needs to provide a small amount of annotation information to detect objects of interest. This paper makes a detailed review of few- shot object detection methods. Firstly, the development of general target detection and its existing problems are reviewed, the concept of few- shot object detection is introduced, and other tasks related to few-shot object detection are differentiated and explained. Then, two classical paradigms based on transfer learning and meta-learning for existing few-shot object detection are introduced. According to the improvement strategies of different methods, few-shot object detection is divided into four types: attention mechanism, graph convolutional neural network, metric learning and data augmentation. The public datasets and evaluation metrics used in these methods are explained. Advantages, disadvantages, applicable scenarios of different methods, and performance on different datasets are compared and analyzed. Finally, the practical application fields and future research trends of few-shot object detection are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of problem that bad electromagnetic environment of coal mine underground causes phenomenon of false alarm and false power off of safety monitoring and control system, the paper analyzed kinds of underground electromagnetic interference sources and made electromagnetic interference test in areas of false alarm of safety monitoring and control system of a coal mine. The test result showed that on No.3213 working face of the mine, when parallel length of power cable and test cable in waist roadway and airway is about 150 m, interference peak-peak value of induced surge generated by starting pumps and drills is as high as 190 V, and the interference intensity is strong, which explained that strong signal interference sources produced by simultaneous starting of frequency converter and drill caused phenomenon of false alarm of gas sensor. According to the test result, it proposed corresponding anti-interference measures which solved problem of false alarm of gas sensor

This paper introduces the main active ingredients of plant extracts, expounds the application of plant extracts in aquatic products, puts forward the existing problems and future research direction, and provides a theoretical basis for the application and development of plant-derived active substances in aquatic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crown width is a critical variable in reflecting the individual tree growth status and in developing forest growth and yield models. With the crown width base model as reference, we developed the crown width quantile regression models for different quantiles (0.50, 0.90, 0.93, 0.95, 0.96, 0.99) based on the data of 2763 Korean pines in 66 permanent plots from the 10-55 years old plantations in Dabiangou forest farm, mountainous areas of eastern Liaoning Province. We used the reparameterization method by introducing the single tree competition index (Rd) and used the dummy variable method by introducing stand density and forest layer variables. We then selected optimal quantile of maximum crown width in the stand by comparing our model developed routine to the traditional methods. The final crown width linear mixed effect quantile regression model was developed based on the optimal quantile at the plot level. The influence of each variable on crown width was analyzed to reflect the difference of crown width among individual trees in the stand. The models with different stand densities and forest layers had significant difference based on F statistical test: the Ra2 of the model increased by 0.0104, the root mean square error decreased by 0.0115 and the mean square error reduction was 7.4%, after the variables of forest layer, forest density, and competition being incorporated into the basic model. The developed quantile regression model performed better than that of the ordinary least square method in simulating the maximum crown width of a single tree in the forest stand. The selected best quantile of the quantile regression model for the upper forest layer and lower forest layer was 0.96 and 0.93, respectively. The linear quantile regression model with the mixed effect was superior to the traditional quantile regression model in Akaike, Bayesion and HQ information criterion and other evaluation parameters, the standard error for the parameters of estimates was significantly reduced, and the introduced mixed effect well explained differences among different plots. For the upper forest layer and lower forest layer, the maximum crown width decreased with increasing stand density, increased with increasing relative diameters. The influence of stand density on the crown width of the lower forest layer was greater than that of the upper forest layer. The crown width would increase first and then decrease with the increases of DBH when the stand density was large enough. The mixed effect of the quantile regression model developed here could significantly improve the fitting stability of the model. The sustainable development of Korean pine plantation in the mountainous area of eastern Liaoning Province should be realized by adjusting stand density and moderate tending and thinning in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of problems that current standard safety pins of mine car use manual operation when bolting and pulling and cannot realize automatic uncoupling, a new type of safety pin used in trip of mine car was designed. Structure, working principle, installation and characteristics of the safety pin were introduced, and design of automatic uncoupling and pulling system taking the safety pin as core was given. The actual application shows that the safety pin meets with actual application requirements of simple structure, reliable self-locking, easy to pull, low cost and less modification for structure of mine car.

Cross - border mining is a difficult and hot topic in the current supervision of oil and gas mines. Based on the judgement and interpretation of superficial and surface engineering, such as well sites, station sites, oil wells, gas wells, metering plants, gas gathering stations, gathering and transportation stations, patrol roads, and oil and gas pipelines within a single mining right, this study proposed for the first time that the combined information of superficial and surface engineering allow for quickly clarifying the accumulation and flow direction of oil and gas and accurately identifying and determining the production sites belonging to the same mining right and the cross - border sites. This method has been applied to a certain oil field as the test area and has been proved effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is of extreme significance to evaluate the health risks of various risk factors exposed to people as the reclaimed water reuse has been increasingly practised. In this study, fluorescence quantitative qPCR was used to test varied viruses including adenovirus (AdV), enterovirus (EV), and rotavirus (RV) in the reclaimed water of three urban waste-water treatment plants in Qingdao City. Thereby, on the basis of the testing results, health risk assessment of virus in the reclaimed wastewater was carried out with the help of the dose-response model and referring to the "four-step " method of the risk assessment proposed by the USEPA. Results of the assessment showed that above-mentioned samples were positive for AdV, the detected concentration being ND~924.44 copies/L, and neither EV nor RV was detected; as far as the tertiary treatment effluent of WWTP-2 phase (1st project) and the tertiary treatment effluent effluent of WWTP-2 phase (4th project) were reused applying in urban greening, putting off street dust, landscaping, household greening, flushing toilets, etc., AdV will cause certain health risks to both professionals and non-professionals, and the infection risk of professional personnel was higher than that of non-professional personnel. In terms of the referred different reuse ways, the health risk to professionals was following the order: urban greening≈putting off road dust≈landscaping > household greening > flushing toilets; on the other hand, the health risk to non-professionals following the descending order: urban greening > putting off road dust > landscaping > household greening > flush toilets. Hopefully, the assessment would provide theoretical supports for risk control in the process of local reclaimed water reuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preparation of a new type of adsorbent and its combined treatment of phosphorus and fluorine wastewater were studied. Using dolomite as raw material, after calcination and carbonation, the composition and morphology of the products were characterized by XRD, XRF, SEM, FTIR, etc. The effects of environmental parameters such as reaction time, initial phosphorus and fluorine concentration, solid-liquid ratio, pH value on the combined treatment of phosphorus and fluorine were investigated. The results show that with the increase of solid-liquid ratio, the residual fluoride concentration tends to be stable after decreasing. The removal kinetic of fluoride ions follows the pseudo-second-order model (R² > 0. 967). The initial pH value of the solution has no significant effect on the experimental results. The Langmuir isotherm adsorption model can better describe the fluoride removal process. The mechanism of calcination-carbonation dolomite (CCD) combined treatment of phosphorus and fluorine is as follows: CCD reacts with phosphorus to form hydroxyapatite, and then OH- is replaced by F- to transform into fluoroapatite; at the same time, the dissolved Ca2+ and Mg2+ from CCD react with F- to form corresponding products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The comparison reagents were used to evaluate the reagents to be evaluated in order to understand the sensitivity and specificity of the reagents to be evaluated. Methods 31 strains of Cryptococcus, 36 strains of Cryptococcus parvum and 33 strains of common pulmonary infection strains belonging to 28 genera and 100 strains were selected as the detection objects. 0.5 M concentration solution was used to detect the specificity of the reagents, and 10 times of 0.5 M continuous diluent positive strain as the sensitivity test concentration of bacterial solution. 2 M and 4 M concentration solution was used as the hook effect detection solution, and IMMY kit was used as the comparison reagents to compare the consistency of the two reagents. Results Of the 31 strains of Cryptococcus, 25 were positive and 6 were negative; among 16 strains of Trichosporon, 12 were positive and 4 were negative; 1 strain of Cutaneotrichosporon curvatum was positive; the results of 52 common strains of pulmonary infection were all negative; the lowest detection limit of Cryptococcus was 1.0 x 10² CFU/mL; the concentration of 2 M and 4 M had no hook effect; the sensitivity and specificity to known strains were highly consistent with the results of IMMY reagent comparison. Conclusion Reagents to be evaluated has high sensitivity, and the specific detection results showed that there are some intra-genus and extra-genus cross-reaction results, and no hook effect is found in the experiment. The test results of the reagents to be evaluated are highly consistent with those of the contrast reagents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With a special geographical location and abundant marine resources, Zhoushan is the first prefecture - level city composed of islands in China. Therefore, the acquisition of dynamic information on the coastline is of great significance to this area. However, the large amount of suspended sediments, the tortuous coastline, the numerous tidal flats and some other factors have brought a lot of challenges to coastline extraction and the analysis of the spatial - temporal dynamics in Zhoushan Islands. In order to solve this problem, the authors have developed a method for extracting coastline remote sensing information based on the taaseled cap transformation and used long time series satellite remote sensing data to carry out the analysis of the temporal and spatial evolution of the coastline. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively remove the influence of suspended sediments' winding coastline and shoals on the extraction of coastline information, and make its position accurate. From2000 to 2018, the total length of the coastline of Zhoushan Islands increased by about 327. 36 km, the average growth length was 18. 19 km, the average growth rate was 0. 72%, the total area of Zhoushan Islands increased by about 112. 26 km, the average growth area was 6. 24 km², and the average growth rate was 0. 49%. The constructions of reclamation and marine projects seem to have been the main reasons for Zhoushan's coastline changes. This study is of great significance for improving the accuracy of coastline remote sensing information extraction as well as coastal development and protection in complex marine environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the problems of manual numbering of new mine patchs in the compilation of existing mine remote sensing monitoring data, such as time - consuming and error - prone nature and unclear specification, the authors, based on the analysis of the technical requirements for the submission of achievement data, realized the whole process automation of new mine patchs numbering. By using ArcPy site package, automatic operations such as dividing vectors, sorting, numbering and writing attribute table were realized. By using the customization function of ArcToolbox, the numbering function of the whole process was encapsulated into the toolbox and visualized to improve its interactivity and effectiveness. In view of the imperfection of the original spatial sorting method in ArcPy, an improved method of mine patchs sorting method was put forward and realized. By verifying the numbering of dozens to hundreds of patches in different counties and cities, the speed of automatic numbering could reach dozens per second, and the numbering efficiency increased with the increase of the number of samples. Experimental results show that this function can provide effective support for the compilation of mine remote sensing monitoring data, significantly reduce the workload of the numbering process and improve work efficiency. In addition, this method is also applicable to other similar large and repetitive remote sensing monitoring patch numbering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective The effect of Vps4b gene mutation on the expressions of cytokeratin 14 (CK14) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) is investigated. Methods The bilateral mandibular tissues of mouse on postnatal days 5, 9, 11, 15, and 19 were removed. The mandibular first molar tissue sections were obtained after paraffin embedding. The CK14 and PCNA expressions in the epithelial root sheath of the normal mouse and Vps4b knockout mouse were compared through immunohistochemistry. Results On postnatal day 5, the normal mouse began to form HERS and had a strong positive PCNA expression in the HERS cells; on postnatal day 9, the HERS structure was continuous, and PCNA was positive in the HERS cells; on postnatal day 11, a small portion of HERS began to break, and PCNA was weakly positive in the HERS cells; on postnatal day 15, HERS continued to fracture; PCNA was weakly and positively expressed in the HERS cells on the root surface; on postnatal day 19, the tooth root reached normal physiological length, and PCNA was positively expressed in the HERS cells of the terminal part. Similar to the normal mouse, the gene knockout mouse also formed a HERS structure on postnatal day 5. However, HERS began to break on postnatal day 9. On postnatal day 19, only a few fragments of HERS were found on the root surface, and the root development was immature. Moreover, the expression intensity of PCNA in the gene knockout mouse was decreased. Conclusion The Vps4b gene mutation may change the CK14 and PCNA expressions, leading to abnormal root development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piroctone olamine (OCT), as a mild anti-dandruff agent, has been widely used in personal care products. Its anti-dandruff mechanism, including antibacterial action, antioxidant action and percutaneous absorption, was reviewed. The evaluation of the antidandruff effects of OCT by clinical trials and inhibition zone method was summarized. Its safety and mildness were also summarized, including acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, gene mutagenicity, etc. Moreover, the detection methods and application of OCT were described [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Sport is s sort of body politics represented by movement; its charm lies in an external expression of strength and beauty of body practice under the constraint and assurance of rules. Sports justice is the organic unity built by internal sports ethnics and morals and external sports rules and systems. Sports order is the goal pursuit and practice presentation of sports justice; following sports rules and systems and boosting their perfection and development are the cores of maintaining sports order. As a typical sports dispute resolution procedure, the SUN Yang case has triggered people's in-depth contemplation of sports justice. In international sports activities, we should pay attention to the accurate grasp and rational application of sports rules, ensure athlete rights to the maximum extent, maintain sports order, actively advocate sports discourse right through orderly participation and consensus building, and promote international sports cultural exchanges and sports cooperative governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]