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BackgroundBariatric surgery has emerged as an important tool in the management of obesity. Some patients undergoing bariatric surgery are prone to develop emotional abnormalities and have abnormally elevated concentrations of inflammatory factors level in peripheral blood， whereas current domestic research focusing on the impact of preoperative emotional states and peripheral blood inflammatory factors level on weight loss effect remains limited.ObjectiveTo explore the correlation of preoperative emotional abnormalities with the effectiveness of bariatric surgery in obese patients， and to provide theoretical basis for improving the clinical efficacy of bariatric surgery.MethodsEighty-one obese patients scheduled for bariatric surgery at gastrointestinal surgery Department of West China Hospital， Sichuan University from December 30， 2022 to June 30， 2023 were enrolled and assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） and Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）. Patients who scored 7 or above on HAMD-17 or HAMA or had a history of previous depression or anxiety diagnoses were classified into emotional abnormality group （n=34）， and samples who scored less than 7 on HAMD-17 and HAMA and were free of history of previous depression and anxiety diagnoses were set as non-emotional abnormality group （n=47）. The data were collected by the self made questionnaire. Patients were subjected to complete the assessment of Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation-Chinese Version （BSI-CV）， Eating Disorder Inventory （EDI） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. Laboratory tests including peripheral blood C-reactive protein （CRP） and interleukin-6 （IL-6）. Body weight and height assessed in the early morning after an overnight fasting period were recorded in all participants at 1- and 6-month after surgery through outpatient clinic visits or telephone follow-up. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine relationship among body mass index （BMI）， preoperative emotional states and peripheral blood inflammation mediators.ResultsAmong 81 obese patients， 62 completed the study， including 27 cases in emotional abnormality group and 35 cases in non-emotional abnormality group. Emotional abnormality group scored higher on BSI-CV （current）， BSI-CV （worst）， EDI and PSQI， and detected higher levels of CRP and IL-6 compared with non-emotional abnormality group （Z=2.677， 2.975， t=3.573， 4.035， 1.990， 2.799， P0.05）， but a significant time effect （F=227.740， P

[Introduction] To achieve the "carbon peak and neutrality" goals, the ways for enterprise energy conservation and emission reduction need to fully explored, and the green and low-carbon policy tools should be fully exploited. Green hydrogen, as a clean energy, has become the key to social low-carbon transition thanks to its full link zero carbon emission. Carbon emission rights trading market is a key policy tool to control and reduce carbon emissions by making use of the market-oriented mechanism. Building a carbon trading center hydrogen energy industry trading mechanism to achieve the coupling of carbon trading and hydrogen energy will greatly promote the achieving of the "carbon peak and neutrality" goals. [Method] Based on this, a coupling mechanism of "green hydrogen market - national carbon trading market - electricity market" was built in this paper. The "green hydrogen market - national carbon trading market - electricity market" was modeled and simulated by further utilizing the system dynamics method, and the interaction of multiple markets was studied. [Result] The results show that: Firstly, the coupling among the green hydrogen market, carbon trading market and electricity market can be realized through green hydrogen certification and carbon quota trading, and it is found that the coupling model is feasible through simulation. Secondly, it is found through the simulation of the basic scenario that the coupling of multiple markets can stimulate the increase of carbon price and control the increase of thermal power generation and green hydrogen production. Finally, increasing the proportion of green hydrogen certification and improving the obsolete unit elimination mechanism and carbon quota auction mechanism will help form a carbon pricing mechanism. [Conclusion] On the one hand, this study diversifies the green hydrogen trading models, promotes the participation of green hydrogen in carbon trading to obtain certain benefits, and reduces the hydrogen energy cost. On the other hand, it makes use of the multi-market linkage mechanism to bring into play the forced effect of carbon price and promote the reduction of the proportion of traditional fossil hydrogen production and thermal power generation.

In the Sichuan Basin, geologic conditions are complex in deep layers. Burial depth of shale reservoirs is high. Gas well productivity is widespread low, and hydraulic fracturing confronts with extremely large challenges. In order to search for "engineering sweet spots" of deep shale gas layers, Yongchuan and Dingshan areas were taken as the examples. In-depth discussion was conducted on affecting factors of hydraulic fracturing results in deep shale reservoirs by drilling, core, imaging logging and seismic data, based on measured rock mechanical parameters, development degree of natural fractures, natural fracture effectiveness, horizontal stress difference and included angle between horizontal well track and the minimum main horizontal stress. Study results demonstrated that No.31 sublayer of the first member of Longmaxi Formation in Yongchuan and Dingshan areas, southern Sichuan had the best brittleness as the first-choice target horizon for hydraulic fracturing. Shorter distance from the faults, higher pump pressure and operational pressure, and smaller reconstructed volume. Good extension and turning capacity of the fractures could beguaranteed when included angle between hydraulic and natural fractures was roughly 55°. In silicon-rich shale and faulting zones, lower minimum main horizontal stress, easier-diffused hydraulic fractures. Higher included angle between horizontal well track and maximum main horizontal stress azimuth, better fracturing results. Finally, evaluation index system of "engineering sweet spots" for marine shale gas in complex structural areas of Yongchuan and Dingshan was constructed. Class Ⅰ geologic and engineering "sweet spots" were optimized in Yongchuan and Dingshan areas.

With the rapid development of electronic equipment and wireless communication in recent years, problems of electromagnetic interference are also becoming more and more serious. It is urgent to develop high performance electromagnetic interference(EMI) shielding materials to alleviate the damage of electromagnetic interference. MXene(Ti3C2Tx) is a novel kind of 2D material with ultrahigh electrical conductivity and unique chemically active surface, and therefore exhibits extremely excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. The preparation, structural feature and EMI shielding mechanism of Ti3C2Tx were focused and introduced in this paper,the latest research progress on EMI shielding applications of Ti3C2Tx-based films and 3D porous materials was objectively reviewed and evaluated, and the main problem at the present was analyzed. In addition, the future development direction and tendency of Ti3C2Tx-based EMI shielding materials from the aspects of preparation, microstructure control and structure design and so on were also prospected in this poper,based on current development needs including developing low-cost, green and efficient Ti3C2Tx preparation methods, solving the long-standing oxidation problem of Ti3C2Tx, designing new structure of Ti3C2Tx-based EMI shielding materials and finding out other MXenes EMI shielding materials other than Ti3C2Tx, which can provide new ideas and guidance for the further development of the next generation of high-performance EMI shielding materials.

Temozolomide is an imidazotetrazine derivative of the alkylating agent, which is used to treat central nervous system tumors, especially malignant brain gliomas. It is a milestone in brain giloma chemotherapy. Recently, some researchers used temozolomide for the treatment of other tumors, including melanoma, intracranial metastatic tumors, lymphomas, refractory leukaemia, pituitary tumors, lung cancer, and so on. Some results are encouraging in clinical trials. Here, this paper makes a review on the antineoplastic mechanisms of temozolomide, its indications in gliomas and some unusual indications. doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2013.12.013

Objective To analyze the concentration of galactomannan (GM) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and its value in the diagnosis of COVID-19 related invasive pulmonary fungal infection(IPFI). Methods From 2022 to 2023, 41 patients with COVID-19 related IPFI confirmed, clinically diagnosed or to be diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were taken as the experimental group, and 42 patients with simple pneumonia were taken as the control group. Bronchoscopic alveolar lavage was performed in both groups, and the contents of GM in both BALF and serum were detected at the same time. The concentration difference and clinical diagnostic value of GM between the two groups of different specimens were analyzed, and ROC was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy. Results Compared with the control group, the experimental group had higher BALF GM concentrations [（2.27±1.78） ng/L vs (0.51±0.28) ng/L, t =6.329, P＜0.01) and serum GM concentrations [(1.57±0.56) ng/L vs (0.32±0.11) ng/L, t =14.190, P＜0.01＝. The optimal cut-off value for diagnosing IPFI with BALF was 1.82 ng/L, with sensitivity and specificity of 77.9% and 89.2%, respectively, and AUC of 0.92 (95%CI: 0.871-0.955). The optimal cut-off value for serum was 0.67 ng/L, with sensitivity and specificity of 64.9% and 92.2%, respectively, and AUC of 0.89 (95%CI: 0.854-0.925). However, the false positive rate of BALF was slightly higher than that of serum (10.8% vs 7.8%). Conclusion GM can be serve of as a good indicator for evaluating IPFI related to COVID-19. The GM detection in BALF has more clinical value in the diagnosis of IPFI than serum.

Objective To investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) and non-methylated CpGoligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) on the expression of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in young mice with food allergy, as well as their immune intervention effects. Methods A total of 40 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, allergic group, ADSC treatment group, and CpG-ODN treatment group, with 10 mice in each group. A mouse model of food allergy was established by intraperitoneal injection and intragastric administration of ovalbumin (OVA) for sensitization and challenge. The mice in the control group were treated with normal saline at the same dose; the mice in the ADSC treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of ADSC (1x106 cells for each mouse) before and after OVA challenge, and those in the CpG-ODN treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of non-methylated CpG-ODN solution (40 µg for each mouse) at 1 hour before challenge by gavage. The allergic symptom scores were determined for each group after model establishment. ELISA was used to measure the serum level of OVA-IgE. Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ Treg cells. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the pathological analysis of the jejunum. Results The allergic group had significantly higher allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the allergic symptom score and the serum level of OVA-IgE between the ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group (P>0.05), but these two groups had significantly lower allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the allergic group and significantly higher allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the control group (P<0.01). The allergic group had a significantly lower percentage of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ Treg cells than the control group (P<0.05). The ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group had a significantly higher percentage of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ Treg cells than the allergic group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences between these two groups or between them and the control group (P>0.05). Pathological results showed structural damage and edema in the jejunal villi, a large number of eosinophils, and lymphocyte infiltration in the allergic group, while the ADSC treatment group and the CpGODN treatment group had less structural damage and edema in the jejunal villi, a lower number of eosinophils, and less lymphocyte infiltration. Conclusions ADSC and non-methylated CpG-ODN have a certain effect in the treatment of food allergy and can increase the percentage of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ Treg cells and reduce the level of OVA-IgE. They may be associated with the induction of immune tolerance and these two treatment have comparable effects. Detailed mechanisms of action still need further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Normal embryonic development is regulated by different genes and related signaling pathways. In recent years, the association between different genes and genes, genes and signaling pathways in the same organization has been widely concerned by scholars at home and abroad. Sp and Wnt gene deletion or mutation can lead to abnormal em⁃ bryonic development. The results of this review indicate that abnormal embryonic development is due to Sp gene dele⁃ tion/mutation The zinc finger protein superfamily member Sp1⁃9 is involved in the development of various tissues and organs , such as the hematopoietic system, respiratory system and skeletal system, and its deletion or mutation can lead to developmental abnormalities in embryonic tissues. In addition, the Sp8 gene is associated with the occurrence of cleft palate. By summarizing the observations about the relationship between the Wnt gene and cleft lip and palate in recent years, we can understand the abnormal expression of Wnt3, Wnt3A, Wnt5A, Wnt9B, Wnt10A and Wnt11 in humans. The occurrence of cleft lip and palate is closely related; Sp5/8 is a key downstream effector of the Wnt signaling path⁃ way during embryonic development and participates in the Wnt signaling pathway. Sp5/8 and the Wnt signaling pathway are involved in the regulation of normal neural crest development and the self⁃renewal of embryonic stem cells in embry⁃ onic mice. In summary, this paper proposes that the Sp and Wnt genes may be involved in the regulation of the forma⁃ tion and occurrence of embryonic cleft palate and provides a reference for further study of the associated mechanisms between the two genes in the cleft palate model.

T5 generation of transgenic soybean-lines JN29-705-15 and JL30-187 with hrpZPsta gene were investigated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction technique (qRT-PCR) to analysis the relationship between expression of the target gene in different tissues of the transgenic soybean and their resistance to Phytophthora root rot and gray leaf spot. The results showed hrpZPsta gene was expressed in soybean leaves, stems, roots and seeds, the average relative expression levels of the two strains were 8.2/6.1, 0.9/0.7, 6.5/4.6 and 0.8/0.7, respectively; the resistance to Phytophthora root rot and gray leaf spot disease were improved compared with wild-type; compared to control, the resistance against Phytophthora root rot disease of JN29-705-15 increased from sensitive to medium-resistant; and resistance of JL30-187 increased from medium to full-resistant; the expression levels of hrpZPsta gene in leaves was positively related to resistance of gray leaf spot, and significant negative correlation to the disease levels. These results indicated that the expression level of hrpZPsta was correlated to resistance to both Phyophthora root rot and gray leaf spot in transgenic soybean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drought is one of the main environmental stresses for sugarcane. In order to understand the stomatal response of drought stress in different sugarcane cultivars, the present research was conducted using differently drought-resistant sugarcane cultivars F172, GT21, YT93 / 159 and YL6 as plant materials, which were grown in pots in the greenhouse at Guangxi University in 2012. At elongation stage, the plants were treated with varied degrees of drought stress: 1 mild drought, 65%-70% of the soil water capacity; 2 moderate drought, 45%-50% of the soil water content; 3 severe drought with 25%-30% of soil water capacity and; 4 control with 75% of soil water capacity The relative water content in plant leaf was detected, and the. stomatal characteristics in lower epidermis of the plant leaf were observed with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the stomatal conductance under water stress declined sharply in 4cultivars. The stomatal conductance in the drought-tolerant F172 and GT21 was lower than that in the drought- susceptible YT93 / 159 and YL6 under severe drought stress. After re-watering in 3 days, the stomatal conductance in F172 and GT21 were increased to 82. 07 and 88. 85 mmol . m-2 . s-1, while that in YT93 / 159 and YL6 was only 18.88 and 33.08mmol . m-2 . s-1, respectively. The water stress resulted in sunken and closed stomata, and reduction in stomata length and width, which showed significant differences in different cultivars. The density of stomata was increased significantly in most drought-tolerant F172 under severe drought stress. The ratio of stomata closure was nearly 3-4 times in F172 and GT21 as much as that in YT93 / 159 and YL6. Under drought stress, the leaf relative water content was reduced. However, the drought-tolerant cultivars F172 and GT21 maintained higher leaf relative water content under severe drought stress than the other two, and YT93 / 159 showed the lowest, and the water content could be restored after re-watering. The results indicated that the drought-resistance of sugarcane cultivars was closely related to the stomatal characteristics and water content in leaf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a deep-water gas field in the eastern South China Sea, the sixth generation semi-submersible deep water drilling platforms West Hercules and HYSY981 were successfully applied for completion of nine wells, with average single-well operating cycle of 41.03 d. This paper describes the characteristics of deep-water completion technology and analyzes design principle of well completion string. Combining with the well conditions and characteristics of the environment, it also summarizes the difficulties and solutions in deep-water well completion operation. Finally, a set of perfect deep-well completion technology is formed, including material corrosion, hydrate prevention, annulus trap pressure management, production string design optimization, frac-packing, continuous wellbore cleaning, subsea tree installation and replacement, emergency response in complex condition, and fine operation. The flowing well test and function test before well production show that the well production and the performance of completion equipment meet the well production requirements. This technology could provide a good reference for completion design and operation in other deep-water oil and gas fields in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the premature convergence problem of Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm(FOA), a new adaptive fruit fly optimization algorithm based on bacterial migration(AFOABM)is proposed. During the running time, according to the evolutionary stagnation step size, bacterial migration is adaptively introduced into FOA to improve its ability of jumping out of the local extreme;and according to the fitness values, each individual is assigned different adaptive migration probability in order to avoid the problem of possible solutions degradation resulting from migration. Experimental results show that the new algorithm has the advantages of better global searching ability, speeder convergence and more precise convergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of mid-long carbon chain fatty acid esters were synthesized by five kinds of fatty acids (capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid) reacting with 1,4-butanediol and glycerin respectively. The PB values, wear scar diameters and friction coefficients of esters are tested by four-ball friction machine. The results show that PB values of esters improve significantly with the increasing of carbon chain of fatty acids. Carrying capacity of fatty acid butanediol esters are better than fatty acid triglycerides; Under the low load, the wear scar diameters and non coefficients of fatty acid triglycerides decrease with the increasing of carbon clan of fatty acids; Under the moderate load, fatty acid triglycerides can be seized more easily than fatty acid butanediol esters; Under the high loads, the tribology properties of fatty acid butanediol esters are better than fatty acid triglycerides, and the myristic acid butanediol ester has a good antiwear and friction-reducing performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to overcome the problems of low convergence precision and easily relapsing into local extremum in basic fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA), this paper presented an adaptive mutation fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOAAM). During the evolution, in the condition of basic FOA's trapping in local extremum judging from the population's fitness variance and the current optimal, first, it generated M current optimal replicates. Then, it disturbed replicates by a certain probability P Gauss mutation operator. Finally, it optimized mutated replicates again to jump out of local extremum and continue to optimize. Experimental results show that the new algorithm has the advantages of better global searching ability, speeder convergence and more precise convergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of TiN film deposited by plasma magnetron reactive sputter deposition technique on the fiction and abrasion behavior of dental NiCr alloy. METHODS: TiN film was deposited on the surface of dental NiCr alloy by plasma magnetron reactive sputter deposition technique. Surface topography of TiN film was observed by electron microscope. The frictional coefficient and abrasive loss in weight were measured by friction and abrasive apparatus. SPSS11.0 software package was used for Student's t test. RESULTS: The surface topography of TiN film was tiny diffusion and homogeneous distribution common burred tuber structure. The average frictional coefficient of NiCr of none deposition was 0.651 while 0.525 after TiN deposited (P<0.05). The average abrasive loss in weight of none deposition was 0.0113g while 0.0007g after TiN deposited (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with non deposition NiCr, the fiction and abrasion behavior of NiCr with TiN film deposited by plasma magnetron reactive sputter deposition technique is better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flame retardant ceramic silicone rubber was prepared by dehydrogenation condensation using α,ω-hydroxy-terminated polysiloxane as matrix, and composite ceramic powder and fumed silica as fillers. The effects of the amount of composite ceramic powder, type of raw rubber side groups and ablation temperatures on the properties of the flame retardant ceramic silicone rubber were investigated. The results showed that the physical and mechanical properties of 107 silicone rubber containing side methyl group were almost the best when the amount of composite ceramic powder was 120 phr (mass), the tensile strength was 4.69 MPa, elongation at break was 686%, Shore A hardness was 48 and flexural strength was 12.29 MPa. Compared with 107 silicone rubber and 108 silicone rubber containing pendant phenyl group, the ceramic silicone rubber prepared from 109 silicone rubber containing pendant methyl vinyl group had better thermal stability, and the residual carbon mass fraction of composite up to 86% at 1 000 ℃. The ceramic silicone rubber from 109 silicone rubber had better flame retardancy, the limiting oxygen index was 49.5%, and the vertical combustion grade was V-0. In addition, it had a lower ceramization temperature and a good ceramization effect at 600 ℃.

A filamentous fungus producing polygalacturonase (29.2 U/mL) was isolated from orchard soil in northern Guangxi, and identified as Trichoderma koningiopsis. Using polygalacturonic acid as the substrate, the optimum reaction temperature of the enzyme was 50 ℃, and it maintained more than 70% of the maximum activity at 50 ℃ for 1 h, which was identified as a medium-high temperature tolerant enzyme. The enzyme had unique weakly acidic catalytic characteristics. The optimum reaction pH was 5.0, and it retained 73% of its maximum activity at pH 6.0, and was tolerant to pH 2.5–8.0. Zn2+ partially activated the enzyme activity, while Mn2+ inhibited the enzyme. It could depectinize five weakly acid fruit pulps (papaya, banana, banana, and white- and red-fleshed pitaya) but to different extents. The yield of juice of banana pulp increased by 24.4%, the viscosity of papaya pulp decreased by 82.5%, and the transmittance of red-fleshed pitaya pulp increased by 31.9%, indicating good depectinization efficiency for the three fruits. The polygalacturonase-producing strain has good prospects for its application in juice production from tropical and subtropical perishable fruits.

"It has been proved that adding a single type of thermal conductivity filler is challenging to achieve a high theoretical thermal conductivity value of polymer composites. However, adding mixed thermal conductive fillers of different shapes to the polymer matrix makes it easier to form a thermally conductive path or reduce the voids in the matrix［1］. Hence, the polymer composite material has better thermal conductivity than the single-shape thermal conductive filling material. In this work, a structurally stable graphene-nano-diamond hybrid (GND) is obtained by taking advantage of dopamine's adaptability to almost any expression. Graphene is a two-dimensional material, while nano-diamond is a zero-dimensional material. They can produce cooperative thermal conductivity when both are added to the polymer matrix simultaneously. Moreover, nano-diamond and silicone rubber (SR) can block the conductive path of graphene and prepare thermal-insulating SR composite mate-rials. As seen in Fig 1(a), the graphene is transparent with some folds on the surface. As shown in Fig 1 (b), (c) and (d), there are many small particles on the surface of graphene, which are nano-diamonds, indicating that the preparation of GND hybrid materials is successful. The nano-diamond is fully loaded on the surface when more graphene exists, shown in Fig 1 (b). When there is less graphene, some nano-diamond particles hang outside the graphene lamella and are scattered around the graphene, and the nano-diamond agglomeration is severe. As shown in Fig 2, the thermal conductivity of SR composites with GND of m(graphene)/m(nano-diamond) 0/1.00 added is unchanged with the temperature increase. However, the thermal conductivity of SR composites with GND of m(graphene)/m(nano-diamond) 0.17/1.00, 0.25/1.00, and 0.50/1.00 added increases with the increase in temperature. GND ［m(graphene)/m(nano-diamond) 0.25/1.00] / SR composite shows the most obvious increasing trend, and the thermal conductivity at 100 ℃ is 56% higher than that at 25 ℃. At 25, 50, 75, 100 ℃, the thermal conductivity of GND ［m(graphene)/m(nano-diamond) 0.25/1.00]/SR composite is increased by 20.5%, 32.6%, 52.8% and 79.2%, respectively, compared with GND［m(graphene)/m(nano-diamond) 0/1.00] / SR composite."

Firstly, GO was modified by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). GO was successfully grafted with isocyanate (-NCO) by FTIR. Then, in-situ polymerization was used to react polytetramethylene ether glycol 1000 (PTMG 1000) with —NCO on modified GO (IGO), and then prepolymerized with diphenylmethylene diisocyanate (MDI) to prepare IGO @ thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) nanocomposites. As a comparison, GO was added during the pre polymerization of MDI and PTMG 1000, and GO/TPU composite materials were prepared by solution blending method. The results indicated that, compared to GO/TPU and pure TPU, IGO@TPU had better mechanical properties. The tensile strength and elongation at break of IGO@TPU were 36 MPa and 570.5% respectively, which increased by 338% and 70.6% compared with TPU and 188% and 61.5% compared with GO/TPU.

Objective To investigate the influence of metabolic risk factors on serum markers of bone metabolism and their relationship. Methods The data of patients with metabolic and bariatric surgery including blood glucose, triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), bone specific alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) and carboxy terminal peptide of type I collagen (CTX) were collected from department of gastrointestinal surgery in our hospital from January 2015 to April 2020. The patients were divided into two groups according to the median of B-ALP (≤14.24 μg/L, >14.24 μg/L) and CTX (≤0.36 μg/L, >0.36 μg/L). The clinical data and metabolic risk factors were compared between two groups and the clinical and metabolic factors correlated with parameters including B-ALP and CTX were analyzed. Results A total of 205 patients were included in this study with 81 males and 124 females There were significant differences in the parameters including systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TG, HDL and the cases with lower HDL between B-ALP≤14.24 μg/L group and B-ALP>14.24 μg/L group (P0.36 μg/L group, there were significant differences in gender, subcutaneous fat area and fasting blood glucose (P

Hydrogenated natural rubber (HNR) was prepared by emulsion hydrogenation using different metal ion catalysts. The isothermal oxidation induction time (OIT) of raw rubber and the change of tensile properties of vulcanizate before and after thermal oxidative aging were studied. And the effect of metal ion catalysts on the thermal oxidative aging properties of HNR was investigated. The results showed that the copper ions in the hydrogen peroxide/hydrazine hydrate/copper ion catalytic system had great influence on the thermal oxidative aging properties of the materials. The tensile properties of HNR prepared with copper ions after thermal oxidative aging were higher than those of natural rubber latex, and the OIT was shortened to 2.5 min. The HNR sample prepared after replacing copper ions with zinc ions had better thermal oxidative aging properties, with the change rate of tensile strength reduced to 23.91%, the change rate of elongation at break reduced to 32.12%, and the OIT at 150 ℃ extended to 32.4 min after thermal oxidative aging at 100 ℃ for 72 h.

Groundwater nitrate (NO 3 - ) contamination in China has become a serious environmental problem, especially in agricultural production areas, which greatly affects the safety of drinking groundwater and requires urgent attention. In this study, the main sources of groundwater nitrate in China were reviewed, including atmospheric deposition, soil nitrogen, agricultural fertilization, and fecal sewage, among which fecal sewage and agricultural fertilization were the main reasons for the excessive groundwater nitrate. The application of hydrochemical analysis, multivariate statistical analysis, stable isotope tracer method, and microbial source tracking in the source apportionment of groundwater nitrate was summarized. All types of source apportionment methods had certain limitations. It is suggested that a variety of methods should be used to identify the source of groundwater nitrate, and the contribution rate of different pollution sources should be calculated using multivariate statistical analysis and isotope quantitative analysis models. The source apportionment of nitrate pollution has undergone a process from qualitative to quantitative research. At present, the SIAR and MixSIAR models based on δ 15 N-NO 3 - and δ 18 O-NO 3 - have been used widely to analyze the source of nitrate. However, due to the overlap of isotope characteristic values of different input end-members, the difference in δ 15 N-NO 3 - and δ 18 O-NO 3 - values under different spatial and temporal changes, and the influence of isotope fractionation in the process of nitrogen migration and transformation, the results calculated by the model remain uncertain. It is necessary to further optimize the analytical method of the model to obtain the source of nitrate pollution and its contribution rate more accurately to further aid in the scientific management of groundwater resources.

In order to explore the characteristics and sources of heavy metal pollution in cultivated soil around a red mud yard in Chongqing， the content and spatial distribution characteristics of eight heavy metal elements （Cd， Cr， Hg， Ni， Pb， As， Cu， and Zn） in the soil were analyzed， and the single factor pollution index method and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index method were used to evaluate the characteristics of heavy metal pollution in soil. On the basis of correlation analysis， the APCS-MLR and PMF models were used to quantitatively analyze the sources of heavy metals. The results showed that the average contents of the other seven heavy metal elements were higher than the background values of Chongqing soil， except for that of Cr. The heavy metals Cd， Hg， and As were moderately polluted， and Pb， Cu， Ni， and Zn were mildly polluted. The spatial distribution pattern of Cr， Ni， Pb， Cu， and Zn in the soil was similar， and there was a very significant positive correlation between them （ P &lt; 0.01）. The spatial distribution characteristics of Cd， Hg， and As were significantly different， and there was no significant correlation between them （ P &gt; 0.05）. The source apportionment showed that the sources of heavy metals in the soil in the study area were relatively complex， and the APCS-MLR and PMF models could identify the same four pollution sources， namely red mud yard percolation emission and natural sources， thermal power generation emission sources， agricultural activities and natural sources， and non-ferrous metal smelting emission sources. There was little difference in the results of source apportionment between the two models. The contribution rates of the four pollution sources in the APCS-MLR model were 51.8%， 18.0%， 15.9%， and 14.3%， respectively， whereas those in the PMF model were 45.9%， 12.8%， 21.5%， and 19.8%， respectively.

The Kuaize River is a small typical karst watershed in the source area of the Pearl River as well as an important coal mining area in Eastern Yunnan with a fragile ecological environment. Strengthening the research on the water environment in the region plays an important role in supporting the comprehensive management of the ecological environment and water resources in the source region of the Pearl River. Through the systematic collection of surface water, karst groundwater, and mine water samples, mathematical statistics analysis, correlation analysis, ion ratio analysis, absolute principal component scores multiple linear regression(APCS-MLR), and other methods were used to study the characteristics of hydrochemical evolution and control factors in Kuaize River Basin. The results showed that the average pH value of surface water in Kuaize River Basin was 7.8, which was weakly alkaline. The main cations were Ca 2+ and Na + , showing the characteristics of Ca 2+ >Na + >Mg 2+ >K + . The main anions were HCO 3 - and SO 4 2- , showing the characteristics of HCO 3 - >SO 4 2- >NO 3 - >Cl - . The variation coefficients of Na + , SO 4 2- , and NO 3 - in surface water were high, showing strong spatial variability. The water chemical type of the trunk stream was mainly HCO 3 -Ca, whereas the water chemical type of the tributary was relatively complex, mainly HCO 3 -Ca, HCO 3 -Ca·Na, and HCO 3 ·SO 4 -Ca·Na. The chemical composition of surface water was mainly affected by rock weathering, cation exchange, and human activities. Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , and HCO 3 - in surface water mainly came from the weathering of carbonate rock and silicate rock; SO 4 2- mainly came from the oxidation of sulfide, such as pyrite in coal seams; K + , Cl - , and NO 3 - mainly came from domestic sewage and agricultural activities. The APCS-MLR receptor model analysis results showed that the surface water in the Kuaize River Basin was mainly affected by sulfide oxidation, carbonate weathering, weathering of silicate rock in mine water, domestic sewage, agricultural activities, and unknown sources. In general, the contribution rate of human activities such as mining, domestic sewage, and agricultural activities to the surface water reached 47.17%, indicating that human activities were the key driving factor of surface water chemistry in the Kuaize River Basin.

TheWudu River is a typical mining-type watershed in the karst mountainous area of western Guizhou Province. Based on the collection of the main stream, tributaries, spring water, and mine water samples in Wudu River Basin, the hydrochemical characteristics and control factors of Wudu River Basin were studied using Gibbs diagram, Piper diagram, and mathematical statistics analysis, and the solute contribution rate of different sources was calculated. The results revealed that the pH value of the water in the Wudu River Basin ranged from 7.87 to 8.52, with an average of 8.14. The TDS values ranged from 135 to 243 mg·L -1 , with an average of 191.7 mg·L -1 . The major cations in natural river and spring water were Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ , the major anion was HCO 3 - , and the hydrochemical type was HCO 3 -Ca. However, owing to the influence of mining activities, the major cations in some tributaries were Ca 2+ and Na + , and the hydrochemical types transitioned to HCO 3 ·SO 4 -Ca and HCO 3 ·SO 4 -Ca·Na. The ion components of river water in Wudu River Basin were affected by mine water discharge and cation exchange, carbonate rock weathering, silicate rock weathering, and agricultural fertilization. The high concentration of SO 4 2- and Na + in mine water was the primary source of SO 4 2- and Na + in the tributaries of the Wudu River. The method for calculating chemical material balance showed that the contribution rate of carbonate rock weathering ranged from 44.12% to 86.92%, with an average of 74.32%. The contribution rate of mining activities ranged from 3.28% to 37.07%, with an average of 11.61%. Carbonate rock weathering was the main controlling factor of hydrochemical components in the Wudu River Basin; meanwhile, mining activities also had a certain impact on river water chemistry but they showed spatial heterogeneity. The average contribution rates of atmospheric precipitation, silicate rock weathering, agricultural activities, and domestic sewage were 3.75%, 4.67%, 2.85%, and 2.81%, respectively, which had a limited impact on the hydrochemical components of the basin.

Given the complexity of biological samples and the trace nature of target materials in forensic trace analysis, a simple and effective method is needed to obtain sufficient target materials from complex substrates. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have shown a wide range of application value in many research fields, such as biomedicine, drug delivery and separation, due to their unique superparamagnetic properties, stable physical and chemical properties, biocompatibility, small size, high specific surface area and other characteristics. To apply MNPs in the pretreatment of forensic materials, maximize the extraction rate of the target materials, and minimize interference factors to meet the requirements of trace analysis of the target materials, this paper reviews the application of MNPs in the fields of forensic toxicological analysis, environmental forensic science, trace evidence analysis and criminal investigation in recent years, and provides research ideas for the application of MNPs in forensic trace analysis.

Tuochangjiang River is a typical mining-type watershed in the karst mountainous area of western Guizhou province. The study of its hydrochemical evolution characteristics and driving factors is of great significance to the local economic development and the scientific management of water resources. The samples of river water, spring water, and mine water in the Tuochangjiang River Basin were collected, and the sources of solutes and their contribution to the chemical components of river water were discussed by means of hydrochemical diagrams, mathematical statistics, and the absolute principal component scores-multivariate linear regression model (APCS-MLR). The results showed that the pH of the river water ranged between 7.30 to 8.31, and the TDS value ranged between 40 to 520 mg·L -1 , which was mainly contributed by Ca 2+ , Na + , HCO 3 - , and SO 4 2- . The dominant cations in river water were Ca 2+ and Na + , the dominant anions were HCO 3 - and SO 4 2- , and the main water chemistry transitioned from HCO 3 -Ca to HCO 3 -Ca·Na and HCO 3 ·SO 4 -Ca·Na type, whereas that of the mine water was mainly the HCO 3 -Na and HCO 3 ·SO 4 -Na types. The chemical composition of river water was affected by rock weathering, exchange adsorption of anions, mineral dissolution and precipitation, and human activities, in which Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , and HCO 3 - were mainly derived from the weathering and dissolution of carbonate and silicate rocks, Na + and SO 4 2- were mainly from the discharge of mining wastewater, and Cl - and NO 3 - were affected by domestic sewage and agricultural activities, respectively. APCS-MLR analysis further showed that the river water solutes mainly included five sources:discharge of mining wastewater, dissolution of soil minerals, geological background, agricultural activities, and unknown sources, and their contribution rates to river water were 23.49%, 35.04%, 13.87%, 7.96%, and 20.63%, respectively. Mining factors and soil factors were the most important sources of solutes in the river water, and they were the main driving factors for the hydrochemical evolution of the Tuochangjiang River Basin.

In order to serve the water resources management of the Xiaohuangni River basin, this study explored the hydrochemical composition characteristics and ion sources of surface water in the basin. Samples of main stream and tributary river water and mine water were systematically collected. By means of a Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, ion ratio coefficient, and mathematical statistical analysis, we analyzed the hydrochemical composition, spatial distribution characteristics, and main control factors of the Xiaohuangni River and evaluated the solute contribution rates of different sources. The results showed that the pH of the Xiaohuangni River basin ranged between 7.17 to 9.14, with an average of 8.00, which is generally considered weakly alkaline. Additionally, the total dissolved solids ranged between 154 mg·L -1 to 460 mg·L -1 , with an average of 257.39 mg·L -1 , which was equivalent to that of the main stream of the Xijiang River. The dominant cation was Ca 2+ , accounting for 69% of the total cations; the dominant anions were HCO 3 - and SO 4 2- , accounting for 65% and 30% of the total anions, respectively. The main chemical type of the main stream was HCO 3 -Ca. Affected by mining activities, the tributaries transitioned from HCO 3 -Ca to HCO 3 ·SO 4 -Ca and HCO 3 ·SO 4 -Ca·Na type. River water solute was mainly controlled by the weathering of carbonate rock and silicate rock, with the participation of sulfuric and carbonic acid. The contribution rate of carbonate weathering to river water solute was 63%, and that of silicate weathering was 16.33%. Meanwhile, human activities contributed markedly to the dissolved solutes of the Xiaohuangni River basin, in which the contribution rate of mining activities was 13.4%, and the contribution rate of agricultural activities and domestic sewage was 4%.

To investigate the impact of megacities on the chemistry of surface waters, monthly sampling and monitoring were conducted in the Chengdu section of the Minjiang and Tuojiang River basin, corresponding to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River since the spring of 2019, including the influent and effluent water samples from 57 sewage treatment plants in Chengdu. All the samples were analyzed for major ions and other water chemistry parameters, and compared with the historical data of the Minjiang and Tuojiang River. The results showed that the Chengdu surface water still presented a natural chemistry with medium-low total dissolved solids(TDS), and calcium bicarbonate chemistry type, which is the natural consequence of the weathering of carbonate rocks in the basin effected by the weathering of silicates and evaporites. The natural water chemistry of the surface waters in Chengdu presented monthly variation, i.e.,the concentration of major ions and TDS was higher in the dry season compared to the wet season, reflecting the variations of point source. Spatially, the concentration of major ions and TDS downstream of the city was higher than those in the upper reaches, and the concentration in the tributary was higher than that in the mainstream, which may reflect urban influence. Further analyses, such as simulation calculations, indicated that urban activities were the major driving factor for the chemistry change in the surface waters in Chengdu, which is evidenced by the significant contribution of the sewage discharge to the elevated Cl - and Na + and the ratio of hardness/alkalinity>1 from anthropogenic acid gas emissions. A comparison with the water chemistry of the Minjiang and Tuojiang River in the 1960s indicated that, the current Cl - /Na + ratio has significantly increased, which has been evidenced by a salinization trend. As a megacity nearest to the source of the Yangtze River, the impact of Chengdu on the natural water chemistry of the Yangtze River system and its environmental effects deserves more attention.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the effect of the regulator of G-protein signaling 2 (RGS2) on the proliferation and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and its potential molecular mechanism. Metho⁃ds The expression status and clinical significance of RGS2 in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and matched adjacent normal tissues were evaluated using TCGA database. Three OSCC cell lines (i.e., SCC-9, Cal27, and Fadu) were overexpressed with RGS2, and the effect of RGS2 on cell proliferation and invasion was determined using the Transwell, clone formation, and cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assays. Moreover, the yeast two-hybrid scree-ning and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were conducted to detect the correlation of RGS2, four and a half LIM domains protein 1 (FHL1), and damage DNA-binding protein 1 (DDB1)., Results: The expression level of RGS2 in OSCC was significantly lower than that in matched adjacent normal tissues ( P =0.023). The high RGS2 expression level was negatively correlated with lymphovascular invasion ( P <0.001). After transfection with lentiv-RGS2, the expression of RGS2 was increased, and the invasion and proliferation abilities of OSCC cell lines were evidently inhibited. FHL1 could competitively bind with RGS2, which decreased the integration of DDB1 and RGS2, inhibited the ubiquitination process of RGS2, and maintained the stability of the RGS2 protein., Conclusions: RGS2 plays an important role in the inhibition of OSCC proliferation and invasion. The structure stability of RGS2 is competitively regulated by FHL1 and DDB1.

To reveal the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal natural water chemistry characteristics and the influence of human activities, river samples from Xuzhou to Jiaxing were collected in 2019-2020. Simultaneously, the water chemistry data of the canal from 1959 to 1962 and 1975 to 1977 in the Suzhou, Wuxi, and Changzhou sections and the recent social and economic data of the major cities along the canal were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the type of hydrochemistry in the study area was mainly influenced by the weathering of carbonate rocks in the basin, but K + +Na + accounted for 40.39% of the cation equivalent concentration, which was higher than that in ordinary surface water, thereby indicating that the natural hydrochemistry of the canal had been significantly affected by human factors. Spatially, the major ion mass concentrations, total hardness, and total alkalinity of the Grand Canal from Xuzhou station to the downstream area tended to decrease overall, but the parameters at Wuxi and Suzhou stations increased significantly. It was found that Na + and SO 4 2- were increased by approximately 16 and 12 times and total dissolved solids was increased by nearly 3 times by analyzing the 60 years of water chemistry of the Suzhou, Wuxi, and Changzhou sections. The current (Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ )/HCO 3 - ratio in the Suzhou, Wuxi, and Changzhou sections is generally greater than 1, which is significantly higher than that from 1959 to 1962, thereby reflecting the results of human activities. According to the analysis of the social and economic development of the Grand Canal, this change was the result of the accelerated weathering of carbonate rocks in the basin caused by the sulfur oxides discharged by human activities. Further statistical analysis showed that urban domestic sewage and industrial wastewater discharge were the main driving factors causing chemical salinization of natural water in the Grand Canal. This study can provide a scientific basis for coordinating urban development and protecting the water ecological environment of the Grand Canal Basin.

Drowning is a leading cause of accidental injury in children and has a great impact on family and society. The prevention and treatment of drowning is of great importance for reducing mortality rate. This consensus reviews the literature on the epidemiology, rescue, resuscitation, and acute clinical management and prevention of drowning. The panel determines the score of available evidence according to the criteria of Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine and then makes recommendations on evidence based on such criteria, so as to provide a basis for further reducing the mortality and disability rates caused by drowning.

Cyathula capitate is the main adulterant of C.offinalis. According to the literature reported, there are obvious differences in properties, taste and pharmacological activity between C. capitate and C.offinalis. Therefore, C. capitate can only be used as a local conventional medicine and can't be a substitute for C. offinalis. Since the appearance of C.capitata is very similar to the C.offinalis and the content of cyasterone also can reach the limit of the current pharmacopoeia standard, the C.capitata is mostly sold in the form of impersonation oradmixture, which seriously affected the safety of the clinical medication and the development of the genuine crude drugs. In view of this, HPLC characteristic fingerprint was used to reveal the difference of multi-ingredients of C. offinalis, C. capitata and their admixture. According to the HPLC chromatogram of C.offinalis, C. capitata. and their admixture, 65 different components were obtained to set up a peak area data matrix of 26×65, which was applied to perform the characteristic peak difference analysis, similarity analysis, hierarchical clustering analysis HCA and principal component analysis (PCA). Characteristic peak difference analysis showed that the characteristic peaks of C. capitata and their admixture are more and higher respond than those of C. offinalis. The 9 characteristic peaks were used to distinguish C. capitata, 2 of which were used to distinguish C. offinalis mixed with 5% C. capitata. UV spectra of 9 characteristic peaks are mostly similar to the end absorption spectra of saponins, indicating that C. capitata may contain a large amount of saponins. By the reference fingerprint of C.offinalis established, the similarity analysis showed that the similarity degree of C. offinalis are higher than 0.942, while the similarity degree of C. capitata, C.offinalis mixed with 5% C. capitata are less than 0.383 and 0.399. C.offinalis, C. capitata, C.offinalis mixed with 5% C. capitata could be obviously divided into 3 classes by HCA and PCA. These results showed that there are obvious difference in the chemical composition of C. offinalis, C. capitata and their admixture, which could provide evidence for their identification., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Three typical modern dry processing cement plants in Chongqing were chosen to investigate mercury emission characteristics and its source and fate through a mercury mass balance method by analyzing mercury contents in all input and output materials. The results showed that limestone was the main source of mercury in three cement plants followed by coal, and their mercury concentrations were (0.025±0.001)-(0.032±0.002) mg·kg -1 and (0.080±0.002)-(0.110±0.012) mg·kg -1 , respectively. The highest mercury level in all required input materials was (0.447±0.007)-(0.525±0.009) mg·kg -1 for gypsum, while the mercury content of other raw materials were very low. Most of the mercury released from these cement plants entered into flue gas, and the mercury of gypsum entered into cement. The mercury emission fluxes were calculated to be (73.42±8.10)-(215.18±10.75) g·d -1 in these three selected plants. The mercury emission factors for clinke and cement (EF clinker and EF cement ) were (0.016±0.001)-(0.049±0.001) g·t -1 and (0.011±0.000)-(0.036±0.001) g·t -1 , respectively, which were significantly lower than that employed in cement industry according to the foreign mercury emission factors in the past.

Objective: To investigate the effects of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) and non-methylated CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) on the expression of peripheral blood CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T (Treg) cells in young mice with food allergy, as well as their immune intervention effects., Methods: A total of 40 female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control group, allergic group, ADSC treatment group, and CpG-ODN treatment group, with 10 mice in each group. A mouse model of food allergy was established by intraperitoneal injection and intragastric administration of ovalbumin (OVA) for sensitization and challenge. The mice in the control group were treated with normal saline at the same dose; the mice in the ADSC treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of ADSC (1×10 6 cells for each mouse) before and after OVA challenge, and those in the CpG-ODN treatment group were given intraperitoneal injection of non-methylated CpG-ODN solution (40 μg for each mouse) at 1 hour before challenge by gavage. The allergic symptom scores were determined for each group after model establishment. ELISA was used to measure the serum level of OVA-IgE. Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of peripheral blood CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the pathological analysis of the jejunum., Results: The allergic group had significantly higher allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the allergic symptom score and the serum level of OVA-IgE between the ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group (P>0.05), but these two groups had significantly lower allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the allergic group and significantly higher allergic symptom scores and serum level of OVA-IgE than the control group (P<0.01). The allergic group had a significantly lower percentage of peripheral blood CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells than the control group (P<0.05). The ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group had a significantly higher percentage of peripheral blood CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells than the allergic group (P<0.05); there were no significant differences between these two groups or between them and the control group (P>0.05). Pathological results showed structural damage and edema in the jejunal villi, a large number of eosinophils, and lymphocyte infiltration in the allergic group, while the ADSC treatment group and the CpG-ODN treatment group had less structural damage and edema in the jejunal villi, a lower number of eosinophils, and less lymphocyte infiltration., Conclusions: ADSC and non-methylated CpG-ODN have a certain effect in the treatment of food allergy and can increase the percentage of peripheral blood CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells and reduce the level of OVA-IgE. They may be associated with the induction of immune tolerance and these two treatment have comparable effects. Detailed mechanisms of action still need further investigation.

In this study, the Geographic Information System for Global Medicinal Plants(GMPGIS) was used to assess the global production and ecological adaptation of Panax notoginseng. Based on climate factors and soil types of P. notoginseng from 326 sampling sites, which cover both traditional and current major producing regions, as well as on the results of the ecological similarity computing analysis, we obtained the maximum ecological similarity areas for P. notoginseng worldwide. The results indicated that China was the most suitable ecological and cultivated area globally for P. notoginseng, accounting for more than 70% of the total cultivated area in the world. The United States, Brazil, Portugal, and other 22 countries also had a small amount of potential suitable producing area. China has eight potential suitable producing provinces, including Yunnan, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, etc. The prediction is consistent with the new district of P. notoginseng reported in recent years, which verifies the accuracy of the prediction of GMPGIS. We conducted a literature analysis on resource regeneration and quality ecology on P. notoginseng, and summarized the cultivation, wild tending models, and effects of environmental factors on the quality of P. notoginseng. The results provide scientific basis for selection of P. notoginseng, as well as the introduction, cultivation, and production of P. notoginseng worldwide.

Objective: To investigate the immunoregulatory effect of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) transplantation by intraperitoneal injection in food-allergic young mice before and after ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization., Methods: Thirty-two 3-week-old female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control, allergic model, ADSC treatment, and ADSC prevention groups (n=8 each). A young mouse model of food allergy was established by OVA sensitization via intraperitoneal injection. Each mouse from the prevention and treatment groups was transplanted with 1×10(6) ADSCs on days 1 and 15 post-sensitization, respectively. The allergic symptoms of all groups were observed and scored. The jejunal villi and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Serum levels of allergy-related inflammatory cytokines were measured by Luminex., Results: Compared with the allergic model group, the ADSC prevention and ADSC treatment groups had significantly reduced allergic symptom scores (P<0.05). The two groups also showed significantly alleviated allergic pathological damage of the jejunal mucosa. Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-22 and IL-23 were significantly lower in the ADSC prevention and treatment groups than in the allergic model group (P<0.05). However, the ADSC treatment group had a significantly increased serum interferon-γ level and a significantly reduced serum monocyte chemotactic protein-1 level compared with the allergic model and ADSC prevention groups (P<0.05)., Conclusions: ADSC transplantation, performed before or after sensitization, has an immunoregulatory effect on food allergy in young Balb/c mice, but this effect is better if transplantation is performed after sensitization.

Mercury removal from aqueous solutions of HgCl2 was studied by indoor simulation experiments, and the effects of three different diameter of particles of Nano-TiO2 ( Nano-Titanium Dioxide) at different dosage, pH, adsorption time and the initial concentration of Hg2+ on the mercury adsorption from simulated wastewater were investigated. The single factor experiments showed that the optimal conditions were: 7.5 g x L(-1) of 5 nm TiO2 or 2.0 g x L(-1) of 100 nm TiO2, pH 8.0, initial concentration of Hg2+ 15 x mg x L(-1) adsorption time 5 min, and under these conditions the adsorption rates reached 99.5% and 99.3%, relatively. When the content of 25 nm TiO2 was 10 g x L(-1), and the other conditions were pH 8.0, initial concentration of Hg2+ 15 mg x L(-1), adsorption time 60 min, the adsorption rate was 62.8%. The Hg(II) removal effects of the TiO2 particles with different diameters followed the order of 100 nm TiO2 > 5 nm TiO2 > 25 nm TiO2. Component adsorption results showed that the 5 nm TiO2 component adsorption effect was superior to its single adsorption effect, while there was little difference between 100 nm TiO2 component adsorption effect and its single adsorption effect. The results of orthogonal experiments indicated that the influencing factors of the adsorption rate followed the order of pH > the initial concentration of Hg2+ > time > dosage. The optimal experiment scheme was: pH 8.0, a dosage of 100 nm Nano-TiO2 of 2.0 g x L(-1) an initial Hg2+ concentration of 25 mg x L(-1) and adsorption time of 10 min. Under the experimental conditions, the maximum adsorption rate reached 99.9%, at the same time, the equilibrium concentration of Hg(II) was 0.033 mg x L(-1) < 0.05 mg x L(-1), below the current enterprise rules of water pollutants in mercury emissions limits. In addition, the maximum adsorptive capacity was 26.95 mg x g(-1). The adsorption isotherm was in line with the Langmuir isotherm equation, indicating that the Hg(II) uptake by 100 nm Nano-TiO2 was typical monolayer adsorption.

To preliminarily discuss the mercury emission characteristics and its mass balance in each process of the iron and steel production, a typical iron and steel enterprise was chosen to study the total mercury in all employed materials and estimate the input and output of mercury during the steel production process. The results showed that the mercury concentrations of input materials in each technology ranged 2.93-159.11 µg · kg⁻¹ with the highest level observed in ore used in blast furnace, followed by coal of sintering and blast furnace. The mercury concentrations of output materials ranged 3.09-18.13 µg · kg⁻¹ and the mercury concentration of dust was the highest, followed by converter slag. The mercury input and the output in the coking plant were 1346.74 g · d⁻¹ ± 36.95 g · d⁻¹ and 177.42 g · d⁻¹ ± 13.73 g · d⁻¹, respectively. In coking process, mercury mainly came from the burning of coking coal. The sintering process was the biggest contributor for mercury input during the iron and steel production with the mercury input of 1075. 27 g · d⁻¹ ± 60.89 g · d⁻¹ accounting for 68.06% of the total mercury input during this production process, and the ore powder was considered as the main mercury source. For the solid output material, the output in the sintering process was 14.15 g · d⁻¹ ± 0.38 g · d⁻¹, accounting for 22.61% of the total solid output. The mercury emission amount from this studied iron and steel enterprise was estimated to be 553.83 kg in 2013 with the emission factor of 0.092 g · t⁻¹ steel production. Thus, to control the mercury emissions, iron and steel enterprises should combine with production practice, further reduce energy consumption of coking and sintering, or improve the quality of raw materials and reduce the input of mercury.

Objective: To explore the effect of non-methylated cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) on serum transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and immune regulation in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized young mice., Methods: Thirty female BALB/c mice (2-3 weeks old) were randomly divided into control, model, and CpG-ODN intervention groups. A young mouse model of food allergy was established by OVA sensitization. Normal saline of the same volume was used for replacement in the control group. The mice in the intervention group were intraperitoneally injected with CpG-ODN solution 1 hour before every OVA sensitization. Allergic symptoms were observed and scored for each group. The jejunal tissue was histopathologically examined with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Serum OVA-IgE level was measured using ELISA. Serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-γ, and TGF-β were determined by CBA., Results: Allergic symptoms were observed in the model group and the jejunal tissue showed the pathological characteristics of type I allergic reaction. The allergic symptom scores in the model and CpG-ODN intervention groups were significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.01). The serum levels of OVA-IgE, IL-4, and TGF-β were significantly higher in the model group than in the control and CpG-ODN intervention groups (P<0.05). The CpG-ODN intervention group had significantly higher serum levels of OVA-IgE, IL-4, and TGF-β than the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control and CpG-ODN intervention groups, the model group had a significantly reduced IFN-γ level (P<0.05)., Conclusions: The serum TGF-β level is increased in the young mouse model of OVA-sensitized food allergy and is involved in the allergy mechanism. Non-methylated CpG-ODN can reduce the serum TGF-β level in sensitized young mice and play an immunoregulatory role in food allergy.

Objective: To investigate the effect of down-regulation of Notch1 by Notch1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) on chemosensitivity to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells and its mechanism., Methods: Notch1 siRNA was transfected to pancreatic cancer cell lines AsPC-1, BxPC-3, MIAPaCa-2 and Panc-1. The transfected pancreatic cancer cells were treated with 10 μmol/L gemcitabine in vitro. The relative quantity of Notch1 mRNA of pancreatic cancer cells was detected by real-time PCR. The inhibition rates of gemcitabine-treated cells were evaluated by CCK-8 method. The expression of Bax protein was examined by Western blot, and the caspase 3 activity was detected by CaspACETM assay system kit., Results: The relative quantity of Notch1 mRNA was the highest in BxPC-3 cell line and the lowest in Panc-1 cells. The inhibition rates of gemcitabine treated-cells were significantly higher in Notch1 siRNA transfection groups than in corresponding siRNA control groups (AsPC-1: 67.5±6.7 vs 47.5±6.8; BxPC-3: 90.5±4.4 vs 70.2±4.2; MIAPaCa-2: 80.9±5.7 vs 58.1±6.0; Ps<0.05), with the overexpression of protein Bax. The activity of caspase 3 was also significantly increased in Notch1 siRNA transfection groups compared with corresponding siRNA control groups (AsPC-1: 28.90±2.70 vs 12.82±3.44; BxPC-3: 59.87±6.77 vs 27.27±11.88; MIAPaCa-2: 29.34±4.06 vs 14.59±4.25; P<0.05)., Conclusion: Inhibition of Notch signaling pathway by Notch1 siRNA can enhance chemosensitivity to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells through activating apoptosis activity．

The emission of mercury (Hg) from the municipal solid waste incineration has inspired widespread attention, especially regarding to the deposition of Hg in the surrounding soil, which is issued to be the potential negative factor of ambient environment and human health. This study mainly focused on the distributions of Hg in the ambient soil of a municipal solid waste incinerator located in North China. The pollution of the mercury and its risks to the local environment and human health were assessed. Results showed that Hg levels were in the range of 0.015-0.25 mg x kg(-1), with an average (0.088 +/- 0.064) mg x kg(-1). The concentrations of Hg in the soil were obviously influenced by wind direction and they were relatively higher in the northwest (downwind) comparing with that in the southeast (upwind). The Kriging interpolation method was adopted to create a contour map, which intuitively displayed a spatial mercury distribution in the soil. The regions with a higher Hg concentration are mainly distributed in the north northwest, the north northeast and the west southwest of the municipal solid waste incinerator. According to the evaluation results of single factor pollution index and geoaccumulation Index, some ambient soil samples were polluted by the mercury emission from the municipal solid waste incinerator; however, the results of the health risk assessment showed that the mercury in the soil had not pose a health hazard to the local population.

Objective: To observe the effect of activation of Notch1 signaling pathway by Notch intracellular domain (NICD) plasmid transfection on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and explore the underlying mechanism., Methods: The transfection rates were observed under microscope with fluorescence stimulation, and mRNA expression levels of Hes1 were detected by real-time PCR. Cell proliferation changes were evaluated by CCK-8 after NICD and control plasmid transfection in pancreatic cancer cells. Caspase 3 activity was examined using a caspase 3 detection kit., Results: The transfection rates of NICD plasmid were up to 80% by fluorescence stimulation observation. Hes1 expression was significantly increased after NICD plasmid transfection, suggesting the activation of Notch1 signaling pathway. NICD plasmid transfection significantly promoted cancer cell proliferation compared to control plasmid transfeciton. The activities of caspase 3 were obviously decreased after NICD plasmid transfection in 3 pancreatic cancer cell lines., Conclusion: Activation of Notch1 signaling pathway by NICD plasmid transfection can promote the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by inhibiting the apoptosis pathway.