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Pediatric intracranial germ cell tumors (GCT) are clinically rare but highly heterogeneous tumors, primarily occurring in children and adolescents. The treatment method depends on the tumor type. Pure germinoma can be cured with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, while mature teratomas can be cured with surgical resection. Non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCT) require comprehensive treatment. Current domestic and international guidelines or expert consensus recommend initial chemotherapy, followed by surgical resection for those not achieving complete remission. However, clinical practice has found that surgery risks increase after chemotherapy, leading some experts to advocate for direct surgery. Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University proposed a clinical diagnosis and treatment strategy for pediatric intracranial NGGCT (2023 Tiantan version), recommending joint evaluation by neurosurgeons and oncologists for individualized treatment to provide better treatment plans for children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The treatment of pediatric brain tumors is an important branch of pediatric neurosurgery. Children's brain tumors are treated differently from adults because of the unique structure of their physical development. This paper reviews the milestones in the treatment of children's brain tumors at home and abroad and discusses the key technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of children's brain tumors, so as to look into the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the publication of the 2016 WHO of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (hereinafter referred to as 2016 WHO), many pathologists face challenges and confusion in "integrated diagnosis" practices of 2016 WHO due to financial or technical problems. In this review, the authors combines their practice experiences and their understanding of "cIMPACT - NOW update 1-4", and they discuss the hot issues of "integrated diagnosis", including: how to diagnose astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma, how to diagnose glioma with H3 gene mutation, How to diagnose IDH wild-type/H3 wild-type glioma and how to diagnose pediatric glioma. It is hopeful for helping Chinese neuropathologists to have a better understanding of glioma diagnostic terminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]