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「校長」是一個學校的表徵、首長與核心人物，其一舉一動，都影響著學校的人、事、物發展，專業的校長更能引領學校前進，展現新氣象，締造校園和諧與人文氣息。故，校長的專業素養，不容忽視。本研究主要從 Foucault 的治理性觀點出發，探究一位初任校長成為一位專業校長的修為，從中找尋專業治理性的內涵以及在專業發展中自理性的發展，並嘗試以社群運作成就自己與教師的專業發展為主要目的。本研究採用敘說研究，從學校與 8 位教育人員社群運作歷程中的對話語錄、會議紀錄、正式與非正式訪談、日誌、反思札記、line 自我書寫、其他開放性資料等，進行 Foucault論點中關懷自身的傾聽、對話辯證、說真話、告解坦白、自我書寫等資料分析，並透過校內與社群成員的三角校正檢閱信實度，從中得到許多寶貴經驗。 一、專業校長的修為具備三項修煉：「動靜」的平衡力；對「人」的關懷；求「真」的本質。 二、專業治理運作內涵包含了：「知性」的內在；「感性」的外在；「靈性」的修行。 三、促使老師能「自理性」專業發展需有：善的原創性思想；教育者的引導；有規劃的 工作體驗；不以個人能力與貢獻為參照標準。 “The Principal” is the image, the chief, and the core of a school. Every move of him or her affects everyone and everything in the school. A professional principal can direct a school forward, create new perspectives and generate humane and harmonic atmosphere. Thus, the profession of a principal cannot be ignored. This study is, mainly on the of Foucault’s thought of governmentality, how a new principal becomes professional and then to discover the essence of professional governmentality and the self-care professional development and to achieve the professional development through teacher’s community. This study conducts a narrative approach. The data are collected from eight teachers’ communication records with the school authority such as dialogue, meetings, formal and informal interviews, diary, reflection notes, line writing, other open materials, etc. and analyzed by listening, dialectical dialogue, telling the truth, confessing, self- writing of Foucault’s idea of the care of the self. In addition, the triangulation is applied to test the reliability. It concludes that 1. The cultivation of a professional principal is the development of the balance between "movement" and "stillness", the care for "people", and the pursuit of the "truth". 2. The essence of professional governance is the combination of "reasonability", "intellectual", "sensibility", and "spirituality". 3. The self-care development of teachers’ profession is motivated by the original idea of goodness, the educators’ guidance, and the organized working experience. It is also not determined by the ability and contribution.

In order to improve the flame retardancy and anti-drip performance of polyester fabrics, a flame retardant DOPO-APTES containing three elements of N, P and Si was synthesized by Atherton-Todd reaction using DOPO and APTES as raw materials. DOPO-APTES was finished onto polyester fabrics by sol-gel method. Compared with the original polyester, the residual charcoal rate of polyester fabrics after finishing was obviously increased, with better flame retardant effect, and the anti-drip performance was greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

本研究旨在進行高中教育目標之分析與比較，以 346 所普通高中、完全中學、綜合高中、完全暨綜合高中的 105 學年度之教育目標進行分析。經採質性分析，辨識出 2,816 筆教育目標陳述，分類為 17 項次類目、並進一步歸納成自我形塑、探索學習、德行養成、素養陶冶、社會參與及職業準備等六類目。所獲得之 2,816 筆教育目標陳述，再以 SPSS for Windows 21.0版套裝軟體進行次數分配及卡方檢定。研究發現：一、高中之教育目標相當多元，彰顯全人 教育受重視之現象；二、高中教育目標相當重視學生自我形塑，較不重視職業準備；三、不同背景高中之教育目標差異不大，有強調學生「自我形塑」的定型化現象。根據研究發現，本研究提出「高中教育目標六大類目可提供各校發展教育目標之參考」、「學校可與本身的背景關聯，以建立特色」、「學校發展特色目標，不宜背離高中教育之定位」等建議。 This study analyzes and compares the educational goals of different high schools. All of the investigated educational goals were announced in 2016 and were from a total of 346 schools, consisting of senior high schools, 6-year high schools, comprehensive high schools, and 6-year-comprehensive high schools. Through qualitative analysis, this study identified 2,816 statements of educational goals that were then classified into 17 subcategories. The subcategories obtained were subsequently organized into 6 categories: self-construction, exploratory learning, moral development, literacy cultivation, society participation, and occupational training. Moreover, the 2,816 statements were further analyzed using SPSS for windows 21.0 to obtain a frequency distribution and the chi-square test. The findings of this study indicated that various high-school educational goals play a crucial role in the holistic education of high schools. The self-construction category was emphasized in high-school educational goals, whereas the occupational training category was the least commonly referenced educational goal. Furthermore, the self-construction category was prevalent in the educational goals of high schools from different backgrounds.

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of VC and bacterial enzyme complex combined with glucose on serum biochemical indexes, immune and antioxidant function of cows with antibiotic poisoning. Twenty cows with antibiotic poisoning, weighing about (250.00±10.23) kg were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, with five replicates in each group and two cows in each replicate. The cows in the control group received an intravenous injection of glucose and VC, and the cows in the experimental group received an oral administration of glucose and bacterial enzyme complex for seven days. The results showed that compared with the control group, on the 8th day, the leukocytes, neutrophils, erythrocytes and hemoglobin of cows in the experimental group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the platelets were significantly increased ( P<0.05). The activitiy of ALT and CK, and the concentrations of TBIL, Na, P and BUN in serum significantly decreased ( P<0.05), while the concentrations of ALB and Ca significantly increased ( P<0.05). The concentrations of IgM, IgG, IL-6, IFN-γ, SOD activity and T-AOC in the serum of the cows in the experimental group significantly increased ( P<0.05), while the concentrations of MDA significantly decreased ( P<0.05). On the 8th day of the experiment, there were no significant differences in blood routine, serum biochemistry, antioxidant indexes and immune between the experimental group and healthy cows ( P>0.05). The study indicates that glucose and bacteriase complex treatment can effectively improve the blood routine, serum biochemical, immunity and antioxidant function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) have high application value in the fields of industry, medicine and food. Previous research has proved that total content of VLCFAs in the Arachis species is significantly higher than that in cultivated peanuts. In this study, contents of VLCFAs were determined in RIL population derived from the cross between Zhonghua 5 and ICGV86699 with wild species consanguinity. Board phenotypic variations of total very-long-chain fatty acid content ranging from 4.99% to 10.33% was observed among the RILs. Five lines with high total very-long-chain fatty acid content were identified, of them, the highest content of ZJ011 is 9.82%. Based on the previously constructed genetic map, 20 QTLs with 3.72%-15.66% phenotypic variation explained (PVE) were repeatedly detected, and were mainly located on chromosomes A04, B04 and B06. The results lay a molecular and material foundation for the improvement of oil quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective We aimed to explore the protective effect of Qingre Zhixue Formula and tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside on the endothelial damage induced by serum-derived poly IgA in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis and its effect on the expression of key proteins of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Methods A total of 80 patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis from The First Affliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine and 38 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Serum IgA was purified from all participants in order to prepare serum-derived poly IgA. Moreover, 60 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following five groups (n = 12 rats per group): the Qingre Zhixue Formula group (31. 25 mg/ kg), the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group (46. 88 mg/ kg), the combined group (31. 25 mg/ kg + 46. 88 mg/ kg), the prednisone acetate group (23. 44 mg/ kg) and the saline group. Rats in each group were gavaged twice a day for 7 days. Additionally, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with serum-derived poly IgA (200 µg/ mL) derived from patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis for 24 h to construct HUVECs injury model. The cells were divided into the following seven groups: the blank group, the healthy group, the model group, the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, the combined group and the prednisone acetate group, and provide corresponding intervention. siRNA transfection was used to inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway, and divide the transfected cells into the blank group, the model group, the model+normal control group, the model+ transfection group, the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, the combined group and the prednisone acetate group. Cell viability was detected by the MTT assay, the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, and the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50, IKKβ, and IκBα were detected by Western blotting before and after transfection. Results Compared with the blank group, the cell viability of the model group was decreased (P<0. 05). Compared with the model group, the cell viability of each treatment group was increased (P<0. 05). Compared with the combined group, the cell viability of the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, and the prednisone acetate group was decreased (P<0. 05). Compared with the blank group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ in the model group were increased (P<0. 05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was decreased (P <0. 05). Compared with the model group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ were decreased in each group (P<0. 05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was increased (P <0. 05). Compared with the combined group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50, and IKKβ in the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group and the prednisone acetate group were increased (P<0. 05), while the protein expression level of IκBα was decreased ( P < 0. 05). After siRNA transfection, compared with the blank group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ in the model group and the model+normal control group were increased (P<0. 05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was decreased (P<0. 05). Compared with the model group, the protein expression levels of p-P65, p-P50 and IKKβ were decreased (P<0. 05), and the protein expression level of IκBα was increased (P< 0. 05) in the cells of the model+transfection group, the Qingre Zhixue Formula group, the tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside group, the combined group and the prednisone acetate group. Conclusion Qingre Zhixue Formula combined with tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside may inhibit the activation of the NF-κB pathway to improve the cell viability of HUVECs induced by serum-derived poly IgA in children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis, so it plays a role in protecting endothelial cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

本研究旨在探討大學生運用自身技術之現況，並比較不同背景變項大學生的自身技術之差異情形。先根據文獻探討及40 位大學生訪談資料所編製之「大學生自身技術量表」，針對452 位大學生進行預試，再以修訂後之量表調查1,361 位大學生，調查資料經以SPSS for Windows 21.0 版套裝軟體中次數分配、單因子多變項分析、薛費事後多重比較分析法來進行資料處理與分析。研究結果發現：（一）大學生的自身技術包括鍛鍊、告解坦白、問題化、自我檢查、對話辯證、說真話、越界體驗、節制、觀察等九類，運用情形大都為中高程度；（二）大學生最常採用的自身技術是鍛鍊，而最不常採用的是告解坦白；（三）大學生採用的自身技 術因其背景之不同而呈現多樣性，其中以有宗教信仰者最為多元。本研究反映出大學生可透過自身技術來治理自我之可能性，而最常使用鍛鍊可能與大學生的學習角色有關，最不常使用告解坦白則可能與教育或文化有關。 The purposes of this study were to survey the current status of undergraduates’ technologies-of-self and to analyze the differences of technologies-of-self for undergraduates with different backgrounds. The subjects were 1,361 undergraduates who participated in the survey study by using “The Technologies-of-Self Inventory for Undergraduates” as an instrument. The protocol of this instrument was prepared according to a literature review and data obtained from interviewing 40 undergraduates, whereas the validity and reliability of the instrument were established using a subsequent pretest in which 452 undergraduates participated. The data obtained from the survey study were statistically analyzed through frequency distribution, MONOVA, and a Scheffé Post Hoc Test by using SPSS for Windows 21.0 as software. The findings of this study indicate that the undergraduates adopted nine types of technologies-of-self: exercise, confession, problematization, self-examination, dialogue, parrhesia, transgressive experience, moderation, and observation. Their use of technologies-of-self was determined to be medium–high. The exercise technology was most often adopted by the undergraduates, whereas the confession technology was the most seldom used. The frequent use of exercise technology may have occurred because learning is the salient role of undergraduates, whereas the infrequent use of confession technology may have resulted from educational or cultural differences between Taiwan and Western countries. Undergraduates with a specific religious belief adopted more technologies-of-self compared with those with no specific religious beliefs. The results of this study imply that self-discovery and self-formation can be achieved by undergraduates through technologies-of-self.

本研究旨在探討自身技術之意涵、發展評量大學生自身技術之工具，並建構大學生自身技術類型。透過文獻探討、半結構訪談，擬訂大學生自身技術量表，經專家審查，並以452位大學生為預試樣本進行試探性因素分析，再以1,361位大學生為正式樣本，進行驗證性因素分析。研究結論有：一、本研究量表之效度、信度頗佳，二階因素分析顯示模式尚稱適配；二、大學生自身技術包含鍛鍊、告解坦白、問題化、自我檢查、對話辯證、說真話、越界體驗、節制、觀察等九類。與Foucault 所提之自身技術相較，臺灣大學生自身技術新增觀察一類，而無傾聽一類，可能與網路世代及文化差異有關。 This study explores the meaning of “technologies of the self” and develops an inventory to identify and measure undergraduates’ technologies of the self. The inventory was proposed according to a literature review, semistructured interviews, expert review, exploratory factor analysis involving 452 undergraduates, and confirmatory factor analysis involving 1,361 undergraduates. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) The validity and reliability of the inventory developed are favorable, and the fitness of the model is acceptable according to second-order confirmatory factor analysis. (2) Nine categories of undergraduates’ technologies of the self are Exercise, Confession, Problematization, Self-examination, Dialog, Parrhesia, Transgressive experience, Moderation, and Observation. Unlike the technologies of the self proposed by Foucault, Taiwanese undergraduates reveal a new category of observation and do not exhibit the category of Listening. These discrepancies may result from cultural differences between Taiwan and Europe as well as computer networks in the Net Generation.

Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in children is an immune disorder disease characterized by skin purpura accompanied by hematuria with or without proteinuria. Because of an increasing incidence rate, its treatment and prevention are gradually attracting greater attention. According to its clinical symptoms, the disease is classified as "purpura wind" "edema" and "cloudy urine", and it is believed that collaterals are involved in the occurrence of the disease. As a microstructure that cooperates with the collaterals to perform the functions of kidney filtration and circulation of qi, blood, and body fluids, the kidney xuanfu also plays an important role in the pathological process of HSPN. If the opening and closing of the kidney xuanfu are orderly, and the collaterals are circulating smoothly, the kidney function is normal, the renal collaterals are not disturbed by evil factors, and the disease only manifests as skin purpura. If the opening and closing of the kidney xuanfu are not controlled properly, and the collaterals are blocked, the renal collaterals will be damaged, which will lead to the occurrence of HSPN. In view of this, this article proposes that the occurrence and development of HSPN can be divided into three stages: (i) the collaterals are disturbed by pathogenic factors, and the kidney xuanfu is open; (ii) the collaterals are empty, and the kidney xuanfu is not controlled; and (iii) the xuanfu is closed, the collaterals and blood exhibit stasis, and fire generates and phlegm retention appears. In addition, our team initially explored the treatment principles and method of HSPN based on the principle of "calming the collaterals and clearing the xuanfu", "nourishing the collaterals and regulating the xuanfu", and "opening the xuanfu and dredging the collaterals" from the perspective of "the opening and closing of the kidney xuanfu, and the dredging and blocking of collaterals", with a view to providing new ideas for clinical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

教師角色轉化模式不曾進行實證性研究，以致重要構念間的因果關係與重要假設均未獲驗證。本文經由實證研究建立了一個涉及五個重要構念的因果模型，並以結構方程式考驗六個尚未獲得證實的重要假設。依文獻探討提出含有五個潛在變項、六個假設的初始模式，並以臺灣小學教師為樣本進行調查研究，再採結構方程式對851位有效樣本進行模式的驗證。研究發現如下： 1.教師角色轉化模式共包含「教師角色變遷」、「不合理要求」、「轉化施為」、「轉化資源」、「轉化結果」等五項潛在變項。 2.教師角色轉化模式以教師的「轉化施為」為樞紐。 3.教師角色轉化乃教師施為與外在社會結構間作用的歷程。 4.教師面對角色變遷到轉化結果的產生，有三條可能路徑。 本研究結論顯示，教師面對角色變遷，教師的施為具有關鍵性地位。教師轉化資源愈高，轉化施為愈多，進而提升轉化結果。因此，本研究提出「增進施為的展現」、「提供反省與探究的學習環境」、「學習如何尋找轉化資源」以及對未來研究之建議。 The model for the transformation of teacher role, which is important to empower teachers to face their role change, is still unclear because the empirical study on this topic has not been explored. This study constructs a model contains five important components and tests six important hypotheses that were not confirmed in the literature. Based on the literature research, an initial model that contains five latent variables and six hypotheses was proposed. This model was subsequently confirmed using the method of structure equation modeling to analyze the survey data obtained from 851 subjects in elementary schools. The results of this study clearly indicate that five components are contained in the model, and the component of teachers’ Agencies is the pivot of the model. There are three possible routes from Change of teacher role to the Outcomes of transformation. Furthermore, the transformation of teacher role is a process in which teachers’ agencies interact with the social structure, i.e. Change of teacher role and Outcomes of transformation. Four suggestions are also recommended.

Objective To study the clinical features of children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Delta variant infection vaccinated or not vaccinated with inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine. Methods A total of 11 children with COVID-19 Delta variant infection who were vaccinated with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and were hospitalized in the designated hospital in Henan Province, China, from November 3 to December 17, 2021 were enrolled as the vaccinated group. Thirty-one children with COVID-19 Delta variant infection who were not vaccinated and were hospitalized during the same period were enrolled as the unvaccinated group. A retrospective analysis was performed on their epidemiological data, clinical features, and laboratory examination results. Results There was no significant difference in gender composition and disease classification between the two groups (P>0.05), and there was also no significant difference in the incidence rates of the clinical symptoms such as cough, expectoration, and fever between the two groups (P>0.05). No significant difference was found between the two groups in leukocyte count, lymphocyte percentage, alanine aminotransferase, and serum creatinine (P>0.05). Compared with the unvaccinated group, the vaccinated group had significantly lower levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase-MB (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the proportion of children with elevated C-reactive protein or procalcitonin and the levels of peripheral blood cytokines (P>0.05). The vaccinated group had significantly lower counts of B lymphocytes and total T lymphocytes (CD3+ ) than the unvaccinated group (P<0.05). Compared with the unvaccinated group, the vaccinated group had a significantly higher positive rate of IgG on admission and at week 2 of the course of disease (P<0.05), as well as a significantly higher Ct value of nucleic acid at weeks 1 and 2 of the course of disease (P<0.05). Conclusions Vaccination with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine may reduce myocardial injury caused by SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. For children with SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant infection after the vaccination, more attention should be paid to their immune function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pathogenesis characteristics of Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) in children align with the theoretical connotation of "kidney responding to winter." In winter, yin qi is excessive, while yang qi is deficient. Humans respond to nature. When yang qi is hidden in the kidney, there is insufficient yang qi of the defensive exterior. Thus, it is easy for the kidney to be attacked by the pathogenic qi of the human body, which leads to the occurrence of HSP. The theory can be expounded from many angles, such as the correspondence between nature and man, a latent pathogen being triggered by the attack of pathogenic qi, the damage of collaterals, and the depression of Xuanfu. An effective way to reduce the incidence of HSP is to comply with the kidney being the dominator of storing essence and avoid other pathogenic qi attacking the kidney. After the onset of the disease, the way to prevent the transmission of pathogens is to eliminate the external pathogens that damage yang qi, remove internal pathogens that damage the kidney, and restore the function of the kidney as the dominator of storing essence. The way to prevent recurrence after remission is to nourish the kidney and consolidate defensive qi by taking into account other viscera. Prevention and treatment can be carried out according to the characteristics of pathogenesis in different periods, such as the disease-free period, deficiency of defensive qi and pathogenic qi attacking period, excessive pathogenic qi in the interior period, and positive deficiency of vital qi and pathogenic qi lingering in the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the effect of improvement in antibiotic use strategy on the short-term clinical outcome of preterm infants with a gestational age of <35 weeks. Methods The medical data were retrospectively collected from 865 preterm infants with a gestational age of <35 weeks who were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2016. The improved antibiotic use strategy was implemented since January 1, 2015. According to the time of implementation, the infants were divided into three groups: pre-adjustment (January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014; n=303), post-adjustment I (January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015; n=293), and post-adjustment II (January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016; n=269). The medical data of the three groups were compared. Results There were no significant differences among the three groups in gestational age, proportion of small-for-gestational-age infants, sex, and method of birth (P>0.05). Compared with the pre-adjustment group, the post-adjustment I and post-adjustment II groups had a significant reduction in the rate of use of antibiotics and the duration of antibiotic use in the early postnatal period and during hospitalization (P<0.05), with a significant increase in the proportion of infants with a duration of antibiotic use of ≤3 days or 4-7 days and a significant reduction in the proportion of infants with a duration of antibiotic use of >7 days in the early postnatal period (P<0.05). Compared with the postadjustment I group, the post-adjustment II group had a significant reduction in the duration of antibiotic use in the early postnatal period and during hospitalization (P<0.05), with a significant increase in the proportion of infants with a duration of antibiotic use of ≤3 days and a significant reduction in the proportion of infants with a duration of antibiotic use of 4-7 days or >7 days (P<0.05). Compared with the pre-adjustment group, the post-adjustment I and post-adjustment II groups had significantly shorter duration of parenteral nutrition and length of hospital stay (P<0.05). There were gradual reductions in the incidence rates of grade ≥III intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) after the adjustment of antibiotic use strategy. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the adjustment of antibiotic use strategy had no effect on short-term adverse clinical outcomes, and antibiotic use for >7 days significantly increased the risk of adverse clinical outcomes (P<0.05). Conclusions It is feasible to reduce unnecessary antibiotic use by the improvement in antibiotic use strategy in preterm infants with a gestational age of <35 weeks, which can also shorten the duration of parenteral nutrition and the length of hospital stay and reduce the incidence rates of grade ≥III IVH and LOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breeding and application of peanut cultivars with desirable resistance to Aspergillus flavus is crucial for integrated management of aflatoxin contamination. Most peanut germplasm lines identified as resistant to A. flavus infection or aflatoxin production possess small pod or seed with relatively low yield potential. In this study, a total of 188 recombinant inbreed lines (RILs) population derived from Zhonghua 16 x J11 were assessed for their resistance to A. flavus infection and consequent aflatoxin production. The yield-related traits including 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight were also investigated among the RILs. The results revealed that variations of percent seed infection index (PSII) and aflatoxin content (AFT) in the RILs were much wider than those of their two parents. Eight lines with resistance to seed infection, nine lines with resistance to aflatoxin production were identified from the RILs. A special line with large pod and resistance to both seed infection and aflatoxin production was identified, which could be potential for further resistance improvement in peanut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a finite element analysis method was used to study the influence of annealing process on the thermo-mechanical reliability of Cu through-silicon via structure. Firstly, the processing technology of TSV structure with polyimide (PI) dielectric layer was introduced. Then, Von Mises stress distribution and Cu protrusion height of TSV structure, which used PI and SiO2 as the dielectric layer respectively, were compared under 400 °C for 30 min. On this basis, the parameters of PI-TSV were analyzed further, including size parameters of TSV (the thickness of dielectric layer and TSV diameter, height, pitch) and annealing process parameters (annealing temperature and time). The results show that, compared with SiO2-TSV, PI-TSV structure possesses better thermo-mechanical reliability after annealing, and it is an effective method for the Cu protrusion height and thermal stress reduction to appropriately increase the thickness of PI dielectric layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the relationship between the pathological, mammographic and ultrasounographic features in patients with the mammary hamartoma. Methods The clinical data of 11 cases with mammary hamartoma were analyzed retrospectively. The mammographic and ultrasounographic characteristics of the breast lesions were compared, meanwhile the blood flow detected by the ultrasound was classified according to Adle semi-quantitative method. Results 10 cases of breast hamartoma were diagnosed by mammography and 1 case was incorrectly diagnosed. The lesions in 10 patients showed a clearly margin in the mammography and a complete capsule in pathology. For the pathological types, 6 cases were dense type, 3 cases were mixed type, and 1 case was fat type. 11 cases diagnosed by ultrasounography included 1 case in fat type, 3 cases in mixed type, and 6 cases in dense type; 1 case with cyst was not including in the main types. The blood flow measured using Adle semi-quantitative method was rated as grade 0 in 5 cases, grade 1 in 6 cases. Conclusion Combination of mammography and ultrasonography can help to achieve the correct diagnosis of mammary hamartoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthetic jet actuator is a new kind of flow control technique which has become a hot topic recently. This technique has great potential in flow separation control, mixing augmentation and front vortex control. A synthetic jet actuator was micro-fabricated and the flow characteristics has been studied by using hot-wire anemometer in this paper. The distribution of streamwise &- spanwise velocity and swept frequency characteristics were given through experiment. The experimental data has verified its effectiveness. It is shown that the Helmholtz frequency is 425 Hz, and mechanical resonance frequency of PZT diaphragm is 850 Hz. And the maximum of centerline velocity is not located at the outlet of actuator. The research is a contribution to the optimization of synthetic jet actuators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the CT imaging manifestations of elastofibroma in scapular region, and to sharpen the identification of this disease. Methods The CT imaging findings, clinical and pathological features of 6 patients with elastofibroma on scapular region confirmed by pathology after surgical resection were analyzed retrospectively. Results All the CT imaging findings of elastofibroma in scapular region were flat mound-like or semi-circular soft masses located in the right subscapular regions in the back, and between the muscle and the cheast wall .They had a clear or locally fuzzy boundary, and mainly were muscular-like density, and fat densitities were seen along the long axis of the masses.The masses enhanced slightly or did not enhance. Conclusion Characteristic CT features of elastofibroma in scapular region enable correct preoperative diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrophobic ionic liquid is a new class of soft functional materials. Based on the design of the alkyl chain structure on the pyridinium ring, n-alkyl pyridinium ionic liquids [Cnpyr] [PF6](w=4,8,12) was obtained by a two-step method. Research shows that the melting points of alkyl pyridinium ionic liquids has a first reducing, then rising trend, with the increase of the alkyl chain on the pyridinium ring. And it indicates that the thermal decomposition temperatures of ionic liquids are near 370°C. Mo-reover, the conductivities of [Cnpyr][PF6] were determined by the conductivity meter, and the data of conductivities were fitted by nonlinear least square method, fitting standard deviations of [Cnpyr] [PF6] (n=4,8,12) are 0.002 39/μs/cm, 0.004 47/us/cm, 0.004 78/μs/cm. Finally, the results show that [Cnpyr] [PF6] (w=4,8,12) are the hydrophobic ionic liquids, and the influence of the different alkyl chains on the solubilities of [Cnpyr] [PF6] is relatively small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gd + - EOB - DTPA, a liver - specific contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), has intracellular and extracellular functions. The contrast agent can be absorbed into normal liver cells and excreted into the bile, with an absorption rate of about 50% and an excretion rate of about 50%. The author reviews and summarizes the cases who underwent Gd+ - EOB - DTPA - enhanced MRI in the De-partment of Radiolog, Zhongshan Hospital in recent two years and focuses on the use of this contrast agent in following aspects : detection of early or small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), potential value for HCC grading, and differentiation between benign and malignant cirrhotic nodules in the multi - step progression of HCC. This review shows the effectiveness and unique advantage of Gd+ - EOB - DTPA in the di-agnosis of HCC, providing more comprehensive information for HCC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study compares how often the role of students appeared in Mandarin textbooks used in elementary schools after the implementation of the opening up policy. Using the content analysis method, the role of student was identified a total of 1916 times in these textbooks. The data were subsequently analyzed by frequency and Chi-square test and calculated on SPSS for Windows 14.0. The findings of this study are summarized as follows: 1. Although each version is unique in its own way, all the textbooks after the opening up policy were identical in ranking in three dimensions of student role. This study clearly indicates that the knowledge map in student role was not reconstructed after the implementation of the opening up policy for textbook. 2. The number of times three student-role categories were not significantly different among the versions published in the 1990s. Posterior to publishers' revision, however, different versions published between 1990 and 2010 had different frequencies to describe three student-role categories. Recommendations from this study are also offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the finite volume method, numerical simulation of three dimension MEMS micro thermal sensor is proposed using the computational hydrokinetics commercial software fluent. In the simulation, time-dependent N-S equation, realizable k-ε viscous model and no-slip wall boundary conditions were adopted. The influence of insulation layer material, gas working media and structure geometric dimension on the sensor sensitivity was studied and the measures to improve sensor sensitivity were investigated. Moreover the design of the micro thermal sensor with high sensitivity was finished. Simulation results show that the heat loss on the substrate is the smallest when the sensor is of good structure material and working media. The results also indicate that the optimized sensor geometric dimension is beneficial to the sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accurate detection of the boundary layer separation point in real time has a great benefit to improve micro-aircraft's climb, maneuvering and pneumatic abilities. By analyzing the principle and framework of real time data collecting and processing system, a real time signal collecting and processing system, which could be applied to detect the boundary layer separation point of micro-aircrafts, has been proposed and developed. The system mainly consists of analog low-pass filter, analog to digital converter (ADC), FPGA controlling circuits and USB interface circuits. The testing results show that the performance of developed system is good, which is well suitable for detecting and estimating the boundary layer separation point in real time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthetic jet flow is created by the compression effect in actuator's cavity caused by vibration of piezoelectric diaphragm, whose mechanism is similar to a micro compressor. To get the relationship between the performance of synthetic jet flow and the actuator parameters, the compressibility of gas has been considered and the correlation function reflecting that relationship was obtained by theoretical analysis. The vibration of piezoelectric diaphragm was simulated using moving boundary condition and numerical simulation was implemented under compressible gas model with moving boundary. It is shown that the simulation results are comparable to the results of experiment and theoretical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Landfill sites are the major sources of offensive odor in urban public facilities. With the progress of urbanization and the residents' demands for a higher living environment quality, the odor emission from landfill sites has become a severe pollution problem, and the odor control at landfill sites has been one of the research hotspots. This paper summarized the main components and their concentrations of the odor from landfill sites, and expatiated on the research progress in the in-situ control of the odor. The further research directions in in-situ control of the odor from landfill sites were prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Fibrinogen (FIB) is often elevated in children with Henoch Schonlein purpuric nephritis (HSPN), but the correlation between FIB and renal lesions has been less studied. Objective To explore the correlation between FIB in children with HSPN and the International Study Group on Pediatric Kidney Disease (ISKDC) pathology grading and micropathological changes in parts of renal units, and to clarify whether FIB can assess the severity of renal injury in children with HSPN. Methods In total, 922 children with HSPN who were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine in the pediatric nephrology ward and underwent kidney biopsy at the same time from December 2017 to December 2022 were collected, and the clinical information, FIB and renal pathological information during renal biopsy were summarized, and based on the FIB level, the children were categorized into group A (low) 4.98 g/L. The correlation between FIB and ISKDC pathological grades, glomerular mesangial hyperplasia ratio, the crescentic bodies ratio and the nature of the glomerular lesions from acute to chronic was investigated by Spearman rank correlation analysis, and the prediction of FIB on the micropathological changes of renal units was analyzed by the subject's work characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Among 922 children with HSPN who had undergone renal biopsy, the FIB was (3.48±1.01) g/L. 113 cases in group A had a low FIB rate of 12.26%; 734 cases in group B had a standardized FIB rate of 79.61%; and 75 cases in group C had a high FIB rate of 8.13%. The ISKDC pathology classification was type Ⅱa in 173 cases (18.76%), type Ⅱb in 29 cases (3.15%), 466 cases (50.54%) of type Ⅲa, 232 cases (25.16%) of type Ⅲb, and 22 cases (2.39%) of type Ⅳ and above (including 2 cases of type Ⅳa, 18 cases of type Ⅳb, and 2 cases of type Ⅴ). The results of the Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed that the FIB and the grouping of the FIB of the children with HSPN were positively related to the renal pathology ISKDC grading (rs=0.146, P

Objective To analyze the effect of subanesthetic dose of esketamine on perioperative hemodynamics and adverse events in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery under general anesthesia. Methods The clinical data of 70 patients who underwent general anesthesia lumbar spine surgery and treatment from June 2021 to June 2023 at Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the way of anesthesia induction, they were divided into the conventional group (conventional intravenous anesthesia induction, n=35) and the esketamine group (subanesthetic dose of esketamine+conventional intravenous anesthesia induction, n=35). Hemodynamic indices ［heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP)］, and blood norepinephrine (NE) levels at each time point before induction of anesthesia (T0), in the immediate preoperative period (T1), at the end of the operation (T2), and at the time of postoperative awakening (T3), as well as the dosage of vasoactive medications (atropine and phenylephrine), and the incidence of adverse events (nausea and vomiting, postoperative agitation, respiratory depression, and bradycardia) were compared between the two groups. Results The HR levels of patients in the conventional group were significantly lower at T1 and T2 than that at T0, and significantly higher at point T3 than that at T1 and T2; at T2, the HR in the esketamine group was significantly higher than that in the conventional group (P＜0.05), and the difference in HR levels of patients in the esketamine group at each time point was not statistically significant (P＞0.05). The MAP levels of patients in the esketamine group at T1, T2 and T3 were significantly lower than those at T0, and the MAP levels of patients in the esketamine group were significantly higher than those in the conventional group at T1 and T2, and the MAP levels of patients in the conventional group first decreased and then increased over time, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P＜0.05). The NE levels of patients in both groups showed a decreasing trend at all time points, in which the NE levels of patients in the esketamine group were significantly higher than those in the conventional group at T1, T2 and T3 (P＜0.05). The dosage of atropine and phenylephrine remedial drugs in patients in the esketamine group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group (P＜0.05). The incidence of bradycardia in the esketamine group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group (5.71% vs 22.86%, χ2=4.200， P=0.040). Conclusion The subanesthetic dose of esketamine can stabilize the hemodynamic changes during surgery in patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery under general anesthesia, with a good anesthetic effect, reduce the dosage of anesthetic remedial drugs, reduce the incidence of bradycardia, and with a high degree of safety.

The surface roughness can be reduced by increasing the forward-tilt angle of polishing process. It is of great significance to explore the influence law of the forward-tilt angle on the quality of the polished surface to improve the polishing efficiency of the blisk blade. In this paper, the surface roughness of the polished TC4 blisk blades polished by the belt flapwheel with a grain size of P400-P1200 under different polishing times and different forward-tilt angles was obtained through the forward-tilting polishing experiment. The experimental results show that the roughness of the polished surface decreases with the increase of the forward-tilt angle. Then the mechanism of the influence of the change of the forward-tilt angle on the quality of the polished surface was analyzed from multiple aspects. By quantifying the polishing efficiency, the variation law of the polishing efficiency of the belt flapwheel with various grain sizes with the forward-tilt angle was studied, and the optimal forward-tilt angle was obtained. On this basis, the polishing process planning with the optimal polishing efficiency was carried out, and verified by polishing experiments. The experimental results show that the optimized polishing process planning can obtain qualified surface roughness in fewer processes, which verifies the reliability of the polishing process planning results. This study provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the optimization of the belt flapwheel polishing process for TC4 blisk blades.

Objective To assess the value of endoluminal convex array probe combined with high frequency linear array probe in diagnosis of internal carotid artery occlusion, and to improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of ultrasonography. Methods Patients suspected with ischemic cerebrovascular disease (n=490) were examined by carotid ultrasound. First, suspicious patients with carotid artery occlusion were selected using high-frequency linear array probe, then screen results were confirmed by endoluminal convex array probe and compared with previous results in those patients. Results Sixty eight patients, who were suspected of internal carotid artery occlusion, were screened out by high-frequency linear array probe. Results were re-examined by endoluminal convex array probe, 42 patients were diagnosed as internal carotid artery occlusion, 19 patients were diagnosed as severe stenosis as the internal carotid artery and 7 patients were diagnosed as carotid artery tortuosity with no significant stenosis. Conclusion Endoluminal convex array probe is an effective complement for internal carotid arterial inspection when it combines with high-frequency linear probe. It can improve the diagnostic accuracy rate of degree and the range in internal carotid artery occlusion and stenosis, therefore reduce chances of misdiagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alport syndrome (AS) is one of the important causes of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. It is the second most common inherited kidney disease after autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Autosomal dominant inheritance is a very rare mode of inheritance in AS, and patients with autosomal dominant forms of AS (ADAS) were previously reported to progress to end-stage renal disease at a later age. This article reported a patient who was diagnosed with ADAS in the Pediatric Nephrology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM on September 5, 2019 because of abnormal urine test findings for 4 years. The clinical data and genetic test results were reviewed. We reported the clinical, renal pathology and gene mutation of a ADAS family caused by the new mutation c.3506-3528del (p.G1169Efs*13) of COL4A4 gene (One family member developed end-stage renal disease at the age of 31). We also summarized the literature reports of Chinese ADAS, and made a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the gene, clinical phenotype and prognosis of the disease. Due to the low incidence of ADAS, this family report expands the gene mutation spectrum of AS, and helps to improve clinicians' awareness and timely diagnosis and treatment of rare-onset ADAS.

[Purpose/Significance] The agricultural cultural heritage embodies the traditional farming wisdom, unique natural scenery and rich biodiversity formed through hundreds and thousands of years of inheritance. The study of digital technology-enabled development and utilization of agricultural cultural heritage is conducive to fully exploring the modern value of agricultural cultural heritage, strengthening the integrated interaction with the key work of rural revitalization, such as the development of modern agriculture, the construction of beautiful countryside, the construction of ecological civilization, and the entrepreneurship and innovation of farmers. On top of that, it is beneficial to the sustainable development of agricultural cultural heritage and is related to the successful implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. [Method/Process] By using the methods of literature analysis, case study and field survey, the current status and problems of agricultural cultural heritage are comprehensively reviewed. There are some problems, such as insufficient application of innovation in agricultural cultural heritage areas and inadequate value exploration. In this regard, the article puts forward several measures for the development and utilization of agricultural cultural heritage resources enabled by digital technologies after the analysis of digital management of agricultural cultural heritage resources, including building public brands in agricultural cultural heritage areas to form industrial clusters. This article takes "Anhua Black Tea" as an example to analyze the brand digital marketing mechanism and takes Li Ziqi's short videos as another example to analyze how to attract e-commerce traffic and realize traffic in the new media era and build a local brand with local characteristics with the help of "Internet plus Agriculture." It provides ideas and solutions for the development and utilization of digital technology-enabled agricultural cultural heritage. [Results/Conclusions] With the transformation of social economy, the traditional production mode of agricultural cultural heritage can no longer meet the needs of modern society. In order to make agricultural cultural heritage continue to "live", it is necessary to explore its multiple values, enable the modernization transformation of agricultural cultural heritage with the help of digital technology, realize its living state inheritance, improve the comprehensive benefits of agricultural cultural heritage and maintain sustainable development. The study explores the digital development, open communication, new scene construction and innovative utilization of agricultural cultural heritage, which can be realized through the Internet and digital technologies. Agricultural cultural heritage has many characteristics, such as brand differentiation, brand subdivision, and precise description of natural scenery, high-quality agricultural products and cultural connotation of agricultural cultural heritage. With the help of new media marketing, the ecological advantages and industrial value of agricultural cultural heritage system are explored to maximize the value of resources. A limitation of this study is that there still lacks quantitative analysis. Future research will use structural equation model and other tools to analyze the factors that affect the conversion rate of agricultural account traffic from multiple aspects such as video content, audience and platforms.

The book “Yinshan Zhengyao”, written by Hu Sihui, a great doctor of drink and meal in the Yuan Dynasty, recorded a total of 33 kinds of medicine and food added with sweet ingredients. These medicine and food covered all kinds of food from staple food dishes, dietotherapy medicine and meal, decoction drinks to Taoist eating prescriptions. Due to the difference in the situation of sugar and medicine, they were collectively referred to as “sugar containing medicine and food”. “Sugar containing medicine and food” used a variety of sweeteners including “baishatang”, “shatang”, honey, caramel, licorice and so on, attached great importance to distinguishing the occasions and dosage of sugar, and to a certain extent, excavated the effects of sugar and honey, such as Tonifying Qi, moistening dryness, quenching thirst, detoxification and so on. It reflected that the addition and use of sweet ingredients were also regarded as a part of the intervention activities of health preservation and food treatment in “Yingshan Zhengyao”. The activities of medicine and sugar in “ Yingshan Zhengyao” included the health preservation and food treatment ideas of the Yuan Dynasty. The imperial court Yin Shan imperial doctors paid attention to the development of the food treatment functions of all food materials, including sweet ingredients. Therefore, the sugar containing drugs and foods contained in "Yingshan Zhengyao" had diversified health preservation functions, such as pleasant taste, health care function and emotional value. It objectively reflected the development and use of sugar and honey technology in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the characteristics of sugar used in the diet of the Yuan people, and also the evolution and development trend of the concept of sugar used in health care medicine under the background of ethnic integration in the Yuan Dynasty.

Health preserving leisure food is a kind of traditional leisure food products which are based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and food homologous products or have health function claims.The main sales channels of health and leisure food are based on online e-commerce platforms such as Taobao,tmall and Jingdong, as well as micro stores, youzan mall and wechat channels.Nowadays, health and leisure food has developed into a sub category that cannot be ignored under the category of online leisure food.Comprehensive investigation of online health and leisure food, a considerable part of which was influenced by the ancient food and nutrition thought and the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.From the material formula to the efficacy declaration, they all inherited the ancient food treatment formula and the idea of medicine and food homology.The health and leisure food inherited the intangible heritage of ancient Chinese food and treatment prescription, to a certain extent, promoted the cultural heritage of China, but its high reducibility also exposes the inherent defects of the development of health preserving leisure food, that is,there is more duplication and less innovation, which may also be an important reason for restricting the development of health preserving leisure food.With the continuous development of e-commerce economy,some health care leisure food brands have creatively improved and upgraded food hardware and software on the basis of making the past serve the present, and made beneficial attempts and breakthroughs, provided Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions for the future development of leisure food industry.

本研究旨在編製高中學生角色期望量表，進而建構高中學生角色期望的層面。藉由文獻探討擬定量表初稿，再送請專家審查，並經探索性因素分析與驗證性因素分析後完成量表編製。探索性因素分析、驗證性因素分析均以高中學生、高中教師及社會人士為樣本，樣本數分別為582人與1,509人。研究發現：一、「高中學生角色期望量表」具效度、信度，且模式與資料適配適度為可接受；二、「高中學生角色期望量表」具跨三群組樣本的測量恆等性；三、高中學生角色期望包含社會參與、自我形塑、素養陶冶、探索學習、德行養成及職業準備共六個層面。 This study development inventory and dimensions for the role expectations of high-school students. The inventory was constructed according to a literature review, expert reviews, an exploratory factor analysis of 582 participants, and a confirmatory factor analysis of 1,509 participants. The participants consisted of high-school students, high-school teachers, and citizens. The results of this study are summarized by the following: (1) The developed inventory is valid and reliable, and the model-data fit was acceptable according to both exploratory and confirmatory analyses. (2) According to multigroup analysis, measurement invariance of the inventory exists across the three groups of high-school students, high-school teachers, and citizens. (3) The inventory includes six dimensions—namely society participation, self-construction, literacy cultivation, exploring learning, moral development, and occupation training.

Objectives: To explore the evidence, urinary biomarkers, and partial mechanisms of hypercoagulability in the pathogenesis of IgA vasculitis (IgAV)., Methods: Differential expression of proteins in the urine of 10 healthy children and 10 children with IgAV was screened using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, followed by Reactome pathway analysis. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis was conducted using STRING and Cytoscape software. In the validation cohort, 15 healthy children and 25 children with IgAV were included, and the expression levels of differential urinary proteins were verified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay., Results: A total of 772 differential proteins were identified between the IgAV group and the control group, with 768 upregulated and 4 downregulated. Reactome pathway enrichment results showed that neutrophil degranulation, platelet activation, and hemostasis pathways were involved in the pathogenesis of IgAV. Among the differential proteins, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) played a significant role in neutrophil degranulation and hemostasis, while thrombin was a key protein in platelet activation and hemostasis pathways. PPI analysis indicated that thrombin directly interacted with several proteins involved in inflammatory responses, and these interactions involved MIF. Validation results showed that compared to healthy children, children with IgAV had significantly higher urine thrombin/creatinine and urine MIF/creatinine levels ( P <0.05)., Conclusions: Thrombin contributes to the pathogenesis of IgAV through interactions with inflammatory factors. Urinary thrombin and MIF can serve as biomarkers reflecting the hypercoagulable and inflammatory states in children with IgAV.

Climate change significantly affects plant biomass and phenological occurrence time in alpine grasslands of Tibetan Plateau. The changes in phenological periods are closely related to the length of vegetative and reproductive growth periods, which may further affect aboveground biomass accumulation. In this study, based on fixed-point observations of plant biomass and phenology as well as the corresponding climatic data from 1997 to 2020 in the alpine grasslands of Tibetan Plateau, we used statistical methods such as ordinary linear regression and piecewise structural equation model to explore the characteristics of interannual climate change in the study area, the variation trends of plant biomass and phenological periods, and the correlations between biomass and phenological and climatic factors. The results showed that mean annual temperature and annual precipitation in the study area increased significantly from 1997 to 2020, suggesting a clear "warm-wet" trend. Aboveground biomass and relative biomass of Stipa sareptana var. krylovii (the dominant species) decreased significantly. However, absolute and relative biomass of subdominant species ( Kobresia humilis ) increased significantly, indicating that the dominance of K. humilis increased. The warm-wet climates enhanced aboveground biomass accumulation of K. humilis by extending the period of reproductive growth. Mean annual temperature and annual precipitation decreased aboveground biomass of S. sareptana by shortening the length of vegetative growth period. In a word, the warmer and wetter climate significantly affected aboveground biomass accumulation by regulating the changes in the phenological period, and the interspecific difference in their response resulted in a larger change in community composition. This study area may show a trend from alpine grassland to alpine meadow, and thus further works are urgently needed.

Objectives: To study the left heart structure and functional characteristics of term neonates with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)., Methods: This study included 86 term neonates with IUGR admitted to the Neonatal Ward of Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2019 to January 2022 as the IUGR group, as well as randomly selected 86 term neonates without IUGR born during the same period as the non-IUGR group. The clinical data and echocardiographic data were compared between the two groups., Results: The analysis of left heart structure and function showed that compared with the non-IUGR group, the IUGR group had significantly lower left ventricular mass, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left atrial diameter, end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, left ventricular end-diastolic volume, left ventricular end-systolic volume, and stroke volume ( P <0.05) and significantly higher ratio of end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness to left ventricular posterior wall thickness, proportion of neonates with a mitral peak E/A ratio of ≥1, and cardiac index ( P <0.05). The Spearman correlation analysis suggested that stroke volume was positively correlated with birth weight and body surface area ( r s =0.241 and 0.241 respectively; P <0.05) and that the ratio of end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness to left ventricular posterior wall thickness was negatively correlated with birth weight and body surface area ( r s =-0.229 and -0.225 respectively; P <0.05)., Conclusions: The left ventricular systolic function of neonates with IUGR is not significantly different from that of neonates without IUGR. However, the ventricular septum is thicker in neonates with IUGR. This change is negatively correlated with birth weight and body surface area. The left ventricular diastolic function may be impaired in neonates with IUGR.

This study investigated the effect of multi-glycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii(GTW) on renal injury in diabetic kidney disease(DKD) rats through Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/cysteine-aspartic acid protease-1(caspase-1)/gsdermin D(GSDMD) pyroptosis pathway and the mechanism. To be specific, a total of 40 male SD rats were randomized into the normal group(n=8) and modeling group(n=34). In the modeling group, a high-sugar and high-fat diet and one-time intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ) were used to induce DKD in rats. After successful modeling, they were randomly classified into model group, valsartan(Diovan) group, and GTW group. Normal group and model group were given normal saline, and the valsartan group and GTW group received(ig) valsartan and GTW, respectively, for 6 weeks. Blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Scr), alanine ami-notransferase(ALT), albumin(ALB), and 24 hours urinary total protein(24 h-UTP) were determined by biochemical tests. The pathological changes of renal tissue were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining. Serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-18(IL-18) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Western blot was used to detect the expression of pyroptosis pathway-related proteins in renal tissue, and RT-PCR to determine the expression of pyroptosis pathway-related genes in renal tissue. Compared with the normal group, the model group showed high levels of BUN, Scr, ALT, and 24 h-UTP and serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18(P&lt;0.01), low level of ALB(P&lt;0.01), severe pathological damage to kidney, and high protein and mRNA levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and GSDMD in renal tissue(P&lt;0.01). Compared with the model group, valsartan group and GTW group had low levels of BUN, Scr, ALT, and 24 h-UTP and serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18(P&lt;0.01), high level of ALB(P&lt;0.01), alleviation of the pathological damage to the kidney, and low protein and mRNA levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, and GSDMD in renal tissue(P&lt;0.01 or P&lt;0.05). GTW may inhibit pyroptosis by decreasing the expression of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD in renal tissue, thereby relieving the inflammatory response of DKD rats and the pathological injury of kidney.

Objective To investigate whether conditional medium of gastric cancer mesenchymal stem cells (GCMSCs-CM) could up-regulate the expression of programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and promote gastric cancer progression by vestigial-like protein 4 (VGLL4). Methods Western blot was used to detect the expression of VGLL4 in SGC-7901, HGC-27 and MGC-803 gastric cancer cells. The expression of VGLL4 in HGC-27 and SGC-7901 cells was inhibited by being transfected with VGLL4 specific siRNA and plasmid was used to overexpress VGLL4 in SGC-7901 cells. The gastric cancer cells were divided into control group, GCMSCs-CM treatment group, VGLL4 interference or overexpression group, and VGLL4 interference followed by GCMSCs-CM treatment group. The expression of PD-L1 in each group was detected by Western blot and real time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). The proliferation of SGC-7901 cells was detected by colony formation assay. The migration of SGC-7901 cells was detected by Transwell TM migration assay. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells adoptive NCG immunodeficiency mouse (PBMCs-NCG) subcutaneous tumor model was constructed to observe the tumor growth in mice. The mice were divided into control group, GCMSCs-CM treatment group, VGLL4 knockdown group, and VGLL4 knockdown followed by GCMSCs-CM treatment group. VGLL4 and PD-L1 mRNA levels of tumor tissue were detected by qRT-PCR. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of VGLL4, PD-L1, ki67, CD8 and granzyme B (GZMB). Results VGLL4 is expressed in SGC-7901, HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells. The expression of PD-L1 mRNA and protein decreased significantly in SGC-7901 and HGC-27 cells transfected with siVGLL4. The expression of PD-L1 mRNA and protein was up-regulated after overexpression of VGLL4 in SGC-7901 cells. The expression of VGLL4 increased after GCMSCs-CM treatment of HGC-27 and MGC-803 cells. Inhibition of VGLL4 in HGC-27 could reverse the up-regulation of PD-L1 by GCMSCs-CM. Inhibition of VGLL4 in SGC-7901 weakened the ability of GCMSCs-CM to promote cell proliferation and migration. Knockdown of VGLL4 inhibited the effect of GCMSCs-CM in promoting tumor growth in mice and enhanced the anti-tumor immunity of PBMCs-NCG mice. Conclusion GCMSCs-CM promotes the expression of PD-L1 and tumor growth by upregulating VGLL4 in gastric cancer cells.

Brain-lung-thyroid syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder. More than 100 cases have been reported worldwide, but few cases have been reported in China. In December 2018, a boy with brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, aged 3 years and 10 months, was admitted to Xiangya Hospital of Central South University due to repeated cough for more than 3 years. In infancy of the boy, psychomotor retardation, repeated cough, and hypothyroidism were found. Gene detection showed that there was c.927delc heterozygous variation in NKX2-1 gene (NM-001079668: exon3: c.927delC). The variation of this gene locus has not been reported in relevant literature so far, which indicates a new mutation. According to the above clinical manifestations and examination results, the boy was diagnosed as brain-lung-thyroid syndrome, which mainly characterized by nervous system disorders, accompanied by respiratory manifestations and hypothyroidism. The boy was treated with oral dopasehydrazine to relieve tremor and levothyroxine sodium tablets to relieve hypothyroidism. Anti-infection, atomization, rehabilitation training and other symptomatic supporting treatment were also administered. The boy's language and movement have improved, the thyroid hormone level is normal, and there are still repeated respiratory tract infections.

This study systematically searched CNKI and Web of Science(WoS) for the research papers on the toxicity of Tripterygium wilfordii included from database inception to August 31, 2021, and visually displayed the authors, research institutions, keywords, and other contents using bibliometrics and CiteSpace 5.8.3. Furthermore, the current situation and research progress on T. wilfordii safety were also analyzed based on information extraction to find the research hotspot, evolution path, and development trend, and to provide references for future research. A total of 1 876 Chinese papers and 243 English papers were included in the study. The analysis of authors showed that WANG Qi and ZHANG Luyong had the most publications in Chinese and English papers, respectively. According to the analysis of research institutions, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control and China Pharmaceutical University possessed the largest number of Chinese and English papers, respectively, but there was less cooperation between them. The analysis of keywords in Chinese and English papers showed that the research contents of the safety of T. wilfordii mainly focused on clinical monitoring, mechanism, dosage form improvement, quality standard, component analysis, monomer research, efficiency and toxicity reduction, etc. Metabonomics, tripterine, and the underlying mechanism of toxicity were the research hotspots in the future. At present, the research on the toxicity of T. wilfordii is still under development. It is necessary to highlight the in-depth research and strengthen the inter-group and inter-region cooperation of authors or institutions to provide references for the research on the toxicity of T. wilfordii.

A 15-day-old boy was admitted to the hospital due to repeated convulsions for 14 days. The main clinical manifestations were uncontrolled seizures, hypoergia, feeding difficulties, limb hypotonia, and bilateral hearing impairment. Clinical neurophysiology showed reduced brainstem auditory evoked potential on both sides and burst-suppression pattern on electroencephalogram. Measurement of very-long-chain fatty acids in serum showed that C26:0 was significantly increased. Genetic testing showed a pathogenic compound heterozygous mutation, c.101C>T(p.Ala34Val) and c.1448&#95;1460del(p.Ala483Aspfs*37), in the HSD17B4 gene. This article reports a case of D-bifunctional protein deficiency caused by HSD17B4 gene mutation and summarizes the epidemiological and clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease, with a focus on the differential diagnosis of this disease from Ohtahara syndrome.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of domestic and imported caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea in preterm infants., Methods: A total of 98 preterm infants with a gestational age of 28 - <34 weeks between April 2018 and December 2019 were enrolled. They were randomly administered with domestic (n=48) or imported caffeine citrate (n=50) within 6 hours after birth. The therapeutic effects, complications, adverse effects and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups., Results: There were no significant differences in the incidence of apnea within 7 days after birth, daily frequency of apnea, the time of apnea disappearance, the failure rate of intubation-surfactant-extubation strategy, the time of non-invasive assisted ventilation, the duration of oxygen therapy, the duration of caffeine citrate therapy, the length of hospital stay, blood gas analysis results, liver and kidney function testing results between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications and the mortality rate between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects between the two groups (P>0.05)., Conclusions: The efficacy and safety of domestic caffeine citrate in the treatment of apnea are similar to those of imported caffeine citrate in preterm infants.

Freshwater aquaculture ponds collectively cover a large area in southeast China. They are an important anthropogenic source of CH 4 emissions, however current knowledge of CH 4 emissions from aquaculture ponds is limited. During September 2017 and August 2018, two independent sampling campaigns of CH 4 flux measurements over annual cycles were carried out in a fish-aquaculture pond in southeast China using a floating chamber and diffusion model methods for comparison. The purpose of this study is to investigate the variation of CH 4 fluxes obtained from the fish-aquaculture pond, analyze the emission mechanisms, and amplify the CH 4 emissions inventory. The diffusion model method can further quantify the contribution of diffusion transmission to CH 4 emissions. The seasonal variations of CH 4 fluxes measured by the two methods were similar, with higher CH 4 fluxes appearing in summer and fall and lower CH 4 fluxes appearing in spring and winter. CH 4 fluxes measured by the floating chamber method and diffusion model method ranged from 0.14-3.13 mg·(m 2 ·h) -1 and 0.04-1.41 mg·(m 2 ·h) -1 , respectively, and the respective average values were (0.86±0.30) mg·(m 2 ·h) -1 and (0.45±0.08) mg·(m 2 ·h) -1 . The CH 4 fluxes were positively related to water temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD), but negatively related to the water dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the fish-aquaculture pond. CH 4 fluxes calculated by diffusion model methods were 45% lower than those determined by the floating chamber methods over annual cycles. The result suggested that the floating chamber method is more suitable than the diffusion model method for measurements of CH 4 fluxes in freshwater aquaculture ecosystems.