Search

Objective To explore the relationship between p-FGFR1Y654 expression and clinical pathological characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients and its prognostic value. Methods Tumor tissue samples from 103 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 58 normal esophageal tissues were surgically collected in the General Hospital of Western Theater between January 2017 and July 2020. The expression of p-FGFR1Y654 in the tissues was detected using immunohistochemical assay, and its correlation with relevant clinicopathological parameters and prognosis was analyzed. Results The expression of p-FGFR1Y654 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissue (P

In this study, the biological electromagnetic dose variations and uncertainty caused by body weight differences in experimental animals were evaluated. An electromagnetic dose simulation environment of experimental rats under plane wave excitation was established using bio-electromagnetic simulation software and a three-dimensional digital model. The study frequency band was 0.1－6 GHz. The results showed that there was a linear relationship between the body weight of experimental rats and the whole-body average specific absorption rate under conditions of body weight disturbance. Below the resonant frequency point, the linear relationship was positive, whereas above the resonant frequency point, the linear relationship was negative. In the 1－6 GHz region, the degree of the linear fit was close to 1. The dose uncertainty for the experimental rats was investigated and a fitting calculation method was proposed. Combined with the experimental design case, the calculation process, calculation amount, and evaluation accuracy of the fitting calculation evaluation method were compared. The evaluation method had high accuracy and a low modeling calculation amount. The results of this study have certain guiding significance for the experimental design and dose evaluation of bioelectromagnetics.

In this study, a broad-spectrum bioelectromagnetic exposure platform was developed and a dose calculation study under the corresponding exposure conditions was performed. The radio frequency exposure platform was in the frequency band of 1-6 GHz, and its principle was based on antenna-exposed electromagnetic fields. At the rated power, the power density at the target was 63.3-149.0 W/m2. Biological electromagnetic dose simulation showed that compared with the rat, the mouse can achieve a whole body average specific absorption rate (WBA SAR) in the range of 1-6 GHz, higher by approximately an order of magnitude. The effect of the top and side irradiation on the WBA SAR was small, with the maximum difference of 0.731 dB and 0.276 dB in the rat and mouse, respectively. Therefore, the WBA SAR of the experimental animals was frequency-dependent and insensitive to changes in the exposure direction. The tissue-specific absorption rate was more sensitive to changes in the exposure direction, with a peak frequency point slightly greater than the resonance frequency point of the WBA SAR. At the maximum exposure values, the maximum dose values of the laboratory animals were assessed. The WBA SARs of the rat and mouse exceeded the occupational standard of 0.4 W/kg. In addition, the WBA SAR of the mouse exceeded the injury threshold of 4 W/kg. The experimental setup utilized here can be used to investigate in vivo effects at frequencies typically applied in occupational operations such as communications and radar.

In this study, the issues of unclear characteristics of dose differences in multi-frequency and large-sample bioelectromagnetic exposure systems were studied. For this, four contrast simulation environments were established using Sim4Life. The frequency points in the simulation were set to 1.8, 2.4, 3.6, and 5.8 GHz, respectively. The scattering field and whole-body average specific absorption rate (WBASAR) values were simulated and analyzed. The results revealed that the WBASAR value for experimental animals was influenced by the electromagnetic scattering of adjacent animals, and the spatial distribution of the WBASAR value was similar to the trend followed by the excitation field distribution. The excitation field was the primary factor causing the variation in the WBASAR distribution. In addition, the WBASAR distribution varies with frequency, and a higher ratio of body size to wavelength inhibits the WBASAR variation. Furthermore, a design suggestion for the exposed platform was proposed to reduce group dose uncertainty based on the variation characteristics. Overall, this study provides a dose evaluation basis for the design of electromagnetic exposure systems.

BackgroundIon cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) is an important auxiliary heating method in tokamak. When fast plasma phenomena such as L-H mode transitions and edge localized modes (ELM), etc., happens, a large change in the antenna coupling impedance occurs. This causes the reflected radio frequency (RF) power of ICRH antenna system increases drastically, which is an urgent problem to be solved in ICRH experiment.PurposeThis study aims to reduce the reflected power of ICRH antenna system by an optimal design of the antenna impedance matching system.MethodsThe transmission line theory was employed to analyze the effect of frequency modulation on impedance matching of single ferrite in ICRH antenna system with varied coupling impedance in the range of 2~8 Ω. The ferrite length and the mechanical length between the antenna and single ferrite tuner (the normalized length is about 0.540) were optimized under certain conditions.ResultsSimulation results show that the reflection coefficient of the ICRH antenna system is reduced within 0~8.4% under optimized design through feedback adjustment, and the relative frequency shift is between 0.146%~0.134% whilst the system impedance matching response time is less than 1 ms.ConclusionsFrequency feedback control of single ferrite tuner, not only effectively reduces the space size of the matching network, but also enhances the impedance matching effect. The relevant research results may provide a certain reference for the design of the ICRH antenna system.

Woody biomaterials are widely available, renewable, and environmentally friendly. The wood adsorbents are classified into five categories: woody biomass, woody activated carbon, wood ceramics, wood aerogel, and woody activated carbon fiber, according to their preparation process methods and physical properties, and according to economic costs, physical properties, and other process characteristics. Investigate the modification of wood adsorbents and their coupling with other treatment methods for removing pollutants from water and enhancing the adsorption of specific pollutants by imparting new properties to the wood adsorbents for specific pollutants. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic models are presented, focusing on the theory of model assumptions and model characteristics. Thereby, the microscopic adsorption mechanism is macroscopically represented through the fitting of adsorption data and points out the problems of some wood adsorbents in removing pollutants from water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To provide a reference on the effect of spatial scale and prey density on the effectiveness of adult Harmonia axyridis ( Pallas) as a biological control for adult Diaphorina citri. [Methods] We investigated the effect of spatial scale on predation by measuring predation in different sized enclosures, and quantified the effect of prey density on the functional response of adult H. axyridis preying on adult D. citri. [Results] A negative, linear relationship between enclosure size (x) and daily prey consumption (y) could be described by the equation y = -28.375x + 130.08. The Holling II functional response curve indicated that the predation rate increased with prey density. Initial prey density strongly affected the number of prey consumed on the first day, but had only a slight effect on subsequently daily consumption. [Conclusion] Spatial scale and prey density significantly affect the predation rate of adult H. axyridis on adult D. citri. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the effects of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) on pharmacokinetics in plasma and brain dialysate and neuropathic pain in the rat model of partial sciatic nerve injury(SNI), and to investigate the correlation between the analgesic effect of TMP and its concentrations in the plasma and brain dialysate. Male SD rats were randomized into Sham, SNI, and SNI+TMP groups. Mechanical stimulation with von frey filaments and cold spray method were employed to evaluate the mechanical sensitivity and cold sensitivity of rats. Another two groups, Sham+TMP and SNI+TMP, were used to intubate the common jugular vein and implant microdialysis probes into the anterior cingulate gyrus(ACC), respectively.After intraperitoneal injection of TMP at a dose of 80 mg·kg~(-1), automatic blood collection and intracerebral microdialysis(perfusion rate of 1 μL·min~(-1)) systems were used to collect the blood and brain dialysate for 24 h. HSS T3 C_(18) reversed-phase chromatographic column(2.1 mm×50 mm, 2.5 μm) was used for liquid chromatographic separation. Gradient elution was carried out with the mobile phase of methanol-water(containing 0.005% formic acid) at a flow rate of 0.25 mL·min~(-1). Electrospray ion source was used for mass spectrometry, and the scanning mode was multi-reaction monitoring under the positive ion mode. The ion pairs for quantitative analysis were TMP m/z 137/122 and aspirin m/z 179/137, respectively. DAS 2.11 was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters. The optimal time of TMP to exert the analgesia effect and inhibit cold pain sensitivity was 60 min after treatment. The TMP in the plasma and brain dialysate of SNI rats showed the T_(max) of 15 min and 30 min, the C_(max) of(2 866.43±135.39) and(1 462.14±197.38) μg·L~(-1), the AUC_(0-t) of(241 463.30±28 070.31) and(213 115.62±32 570.07) μg·min·L~(-1), the MRT_(0-t) of(353.13±47.73) and(172.16±12.72) min, and the CL_Z of 0.73 and 0.36 L·min·kg~(-1), respectively. The analgesic effect of TMP had a significant correlation with the blood drug concentration in the ACC, which indicated that this method was suitable for the detection of TMP in rat plasma and brain dialysate. The method is accurate, reliable, and sensitive and can realize the important value of the application of correlation analysis theory of "automatic blood collection-microdialysis/PK-PD" in the research on neuropathic pain.

A reduction of chemical fertilizers and improving fertilizer utilization rate are important for ensuring a balance between plant growth and minimizing the degradation of the black soil. We conducted a 2-year pot experiment with four treatments during 2019 and 2020, including T 0 : no fertilizer, T 1 : conventional use of chemical fertilizer, T 2 : 15% reduction of the chemical fertilizer combined with 400 kg·hm -2 of humic acid bio-fertilizer (HABF), and T 3 : 30% reduction of the chemical fertilizer combined with 600 kg·hm -2 of HABF, to examine the effect of reduction rates of chemical fertilizers combined with the HABF on soil microbial abundance, enzyme activity and nutrient content in maize cultivation. The results showed that the application of HABF significantly increased the abundance of soil bacteria and fungi, with the number of microbial colonies being positively correlated with the amount of HABF. When measured at the tassel stage of maize growth, T 2 and T 3 treatments significantly increased the activities of urease, sucrase, and catalase in soil by 11.4%-21.6%, 34.9%-46.7%, and 6.5%-13.4%, respectively. The available nitrogen contents in T 2 and T 3 treatments were higher than that in the T 1 treatment by 8.2%-18.1%, which ensured the sufficient nitrogen supply to maize after the tassel stage. Soil available phosphorus and available potassium contents increased by 17.1%-121.0% and 9.6%-57.3%, respectively, compared with T 1 treatment. With the increases of the amount of HABF, the activation effects of soil phosphorus and potassium and dry matter mass per plant increased significantly in T 2 and T 3 treatments compared with T 1 treatment. In conclusion, HABF promoted the proliferation of soil bacteria and fungi, improved activities of catalase, urease, and sucrase, soil nutrient contents, and dry matter mass per plant. The 15% reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with 400 kg·hm -2 of HABF is the most suitable nutrient management strategy for maize production in black soil.

Excitatory toxicity(ET) is an important factor of neuropathic pain(NPP) induced by central sensitization(CS), and the association of pannexin-1(Panx1)-Src-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2 B(NMDAR-2 B) is an important new pathway for ET to initiate CS. The present study confirmed whether the central analgesic effect of Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract(CRE) was achieved through the synchronous regulation of the brain and spinal pathways of Panx1-Src-NMDAR-2 B. In this study, dynamic and simulta-neo-us microdialysis of the brain and spinal cord in vivo combined with behavioristics, high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)-fluorescence detection, microdialysis analysis(ISCUS~(flex)), ultrasensitive multifactorial electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, ELISA, and Western blot was employed to investigate the protein expression of NMDAR-2 B, Src, and Panx1, extracellular excitatory amino acids, cytokines, energy metabolites, and substance P in spinal dorsal horn(SDH) and anterior cingulate cortex(ACC) after CRE intervention with the rat model of spared sciatic nerve injury(SNI) as the experimental tool. Compared with the sham group, the SNI group exhibited diminished mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)(P<0.01), increased cold spray scores(P<0.01), glutamate(Glu), D-serine(D-Ser), and glycine(Gly) in extracellular fluids of ACC, and Glu, D-Ser, interleukin-1β(IL-1β), and lactic acid(Lac) in extracellular fluids of SDH(P<0.05), dwindled tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)(P<0.05), and elevated protein levels of NMDAR-2 B, Src, and Panx1 in ACC(P<0.05). Compared with the SNI model rats, high-and medium-dose CRE(CRE-H/M) could potentiate the analgesic activity as revealed by the MWT test(P<0.05) and CRE-M enabled the decrease in cold spray scores(P<0.05). CRE-H/M could inhibit the levels of Glu, D-Ser and Gly in the extracellular fluids of ACC(P<0.05), and the levels of Glu in the extracellular fluids of SDH(P<0.05) in SNI rats. CRE-M significantly increased the levels of glucose(Gluc), Lac, interferon-gamma(IFN-γ), keratinocyte chemoattractant/human growth-regulated oncogenes(KC/GRO), and IL-4 in extracellular fluids of SDH in SNI rats(P<0.05). CRE-H/M/L could also inhibit the levels of NMDAR-2 B, Src and Panx1 in ACC and SDH in SNI rats(P<0.05). The central analgesic effect of CRE is presumedly related to the inhibited release of excitatory amino acid transmitters(Glu, D-Ser and Gly) in ACC and SDH of SNI rats, decreased protein expression of NMDAR-2 B, Src and Panx1 in the two regions, and the regulation of the Panx1-Src-NMDAR-2 B pathway in the spinal cord and brain. The above findings partially clarified the scientific basis of clinical analgesic effect of Chuanxiong Rhizoma.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of 595 nm pulsed dye laser (PDL) in the treatment of facial and neck port-wine stains (PWSs), and to explore the main factors affecting the efficacy., Methods: A total of 259 PWS cases who were treated with 595 nm PDL were retrospectively enrolled and their clinical information was analyzed in the study. Before- and after-treatment comparison of individual patient was done by comparing patient photographs taken before and after PDL treatment of the PWSs in order to assess the treatment efficacy, using mild purpura as the endpoint of the PDL treatment. A total of 82 male and 177 female cases were included, with patient age ranging between 1 month and 63 years. Univariate analysis was done to select factors influencing the treatment efficacy. Then, ordered multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the main factors affecting the efficacy. Statistics of adverse reaction of patients were also collected., Results: Of the 259 patients covered in the study, 57 (22%) had achieved complete clearing of PWS, 106 (40.9%) showed significant improvement, and 68 (26.3%) showed moderate improvement, amounting to a total of 231 effective treatment cases, indicating a 89.2% overall rate of effective treatment. There were 28 ineffective treatment cases (10.8%). Ordered multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the color of PWS, the area of PWS, anatomical sites of PWS and the number of treatment sessions were the main factors affecting the therapeutic efficacy, while proliferation did not affect the therapeutic efficacy. Red-type PWS had better treatment efficacy than that of the purple-type PWS (odds ratio [ OR ]=2.748, P <0.05). Patients with PWS≤10 cm 2 showed better treatment efficacy than those with PWS>10 cm 2 ( OR =2.094, P <0.05). Treatment efficacy of PWS located in the central section of the face was not as good as those located on the neck ( OR =0.190, P <0.05), and the treatment efficacy of PWS located in the central and lateral section of the face was not as good as those located on the neck ( OR =0.243, P <0.05). Patients who had more than 3 treatment sessions showed better efficacy than those who had 1-3 sessions of treatment ( OR =0.508, P <0.05). No patients incurred any serious adverse reactions., Conclusion: Patients with PWS located on the neck, red-type PWS and area ≤10 cm 2 are suitable for treatment with 595 nm PDL and there should be more than three sessions of treatment. Patient sex, age, or proliferation do not affect the treatment effect., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences).)

The network pharmacology was used to investigate the material basis and molecular mechanism of Dachengqi Decoction(DCQD) in the treatment of acute pancreatitis(AP). Potential targets of components from DCQD and relevant pathogenic genes of AP were identified through database retrieval. Then, crucial targets were verified with relevant active chemical components via molecular docking. DAVID database was used to explore the functions and pathways involved in the treatment of AP. A total of 108 components were correlated with 28 targets. Molecular docking showed a strong binding ability of key targets and their corresponding compounds. DAVID enrichment analysis showed 438 biological process, 31 molecular functions, 17 cellular components and 96 KEGG pathways. DCQD may achieve its pharmacological effects through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, negative regulation of apoptosis and regulation of pancreatic secretion, involving multiple signals, such as IL-17, TNF and NF-κB signaling pathway. In this study, it is the first time to use the method of network pharmacology to reveal the molecular mechanism of DCQD in the treatment of AP by multiple components and multi-signaling pathways, which provides a basis for further biological experiments of AP.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of (2R, 3R)-dihydroquercetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranose (C1) extracted from Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. in a mouse model of alcoholic acute pancreatitis (FAEE-AP) induced byfatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE)., Methods: The 30 healthy SPF mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, low dose group, middle dose group and high dose group, 6 in each group. Alcoholic pancreatitis was induced by ethanol and palmitoleic acid administration (1.75 g/kg ethanol, 200 mg/kg palmitoleic acid, 2 times peritoneal injections). The three treatment groups were given C1 (0 h, 4 h, 8 h) at the dose of 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg, respectively. After 24 h of molding, the serum amylase, lipase and IL-6 levels were detected. The trypsin level in pancreatic tissue and myeloperoxidase (MPO) level in pancreatic and lung tissue were detected. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was used to detect the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) in pancreatic tissue., Results: The pancreatic histopathological scores, serum amylase and lipase activity, trypsin level in pancreatic tissue, serum IL-6 level, MPO level of pancreas and lung were significantly higher in the model group than in the control group ( P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the pancreatic histopathologies of the low dose group was significantly improved ( P < 0.05), as well as the serum amylase and lipase activity, trypsin level of pancreas, serum IL-6 level, the pancreas andthe lung's MPO level decreased significantly ( P < 0.05), and up-regulate that expression of Nrf2 in pancreatic tissue., Conclusion: 12.5 mg/kg of (2R, 3R) -dihydroquercetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranose (C1) improved the expression of Nrf2, reduced the expression of inflammatory factor IL-6, and protected acute pancreatitis caused by FAEE., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

To solve the problem of precise positioning of carp brain tissue coordinates, it is proposed in this paper for a method for transforming the coordinates of magnetic resonance imaging of carp brain tissue into the coordinates of electrode implantation using a brain stereotaxic apparatus. In this study, the 3.0T magnetic resonance imaging instrument was used to scan the carp brain. We independently established the three-dimensional positioning coordinate system of the brain, the three-dimensional coordinate assistance system of skull surface and the three-dimensional coordinate assistance system in brain tissue. After two coordinate transformations, the magnetic resonance image coordinates of the brain electrodes implantation sites were converted into the three-dimensional stereotactic coordinate system to guide the electrodes implantation. The experimental groups were divided into two groups, A and B. Group A was the group of magnetic resonance imaging apparatus combining with the brain stereotaxic apparatus, and group B was the group of brain atlas combining with the brain stereotaxic apparatus. Each group had 20 tails of carps ( n = 20). This two methods were used to implant the electrodes into the cerebellar motor area. The underwater experiments of the carp robots were carried out to test the two methods. The results showed that the accuracy of the implanted electrodes were 90% in group A and 60% in group B. The success rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B ( P < 0.05). Therefore, the new method in this paper can accurately determine the coordinates of carp brain tissue.

Objective: To investigate the potential relationship between the high-resolution HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 alleles and haplotype polymorphism with actute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) of Han people in North China., Methods: A total of 1241 healthy unrelated Han people's bone marrow donors in North China were used as a control group, 259 patients with myeloid leukemia were genotyped at high-resolution level by means of PCR-SBT, -SSO and -SSP typing methods for HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 loci. The frequencies of HLA allele and haplotype were calculated by software Arleguin 3.5.2. The different distribution of genes and haplotypes was analyzed by case control study, and the odd ratio (OR) of leukemia was also calculated. The structural difference of HLA alleles was analyzed 111by HLA three-dimensional structure modeling and software Swiss-PdbViewer v4.1., Results: χ 2 test and correction showed that an increased frequency of A*02:07 (8.47% vs 5.28%, P' =0.013), A*29:01 (1.85% vs 0.68%, P=0.044), B*07:02 (5.29% vs 3.10%, P=0.029), B*07:05:01G (1.85% vs 0.68%, P=0.044) and B*35:02 (1.06% vs 0.20%, P=0.023) were found in AML patients (n=189) as compared with controls, respectively; whereas A*02:03 was less frequent in AML as compared with controls (0.79% vs 3.10%, P=0.011). The frequency of B*46:01 was lower in CML patients (n=70) as compared with controls (2.86% vs 7.82%, P=0.031). However, the above-mentioned discrepancies were not statistically significant by Bonferroni correction. Through Fisher exact test and Bonferroni correction, the frequency of DRB1*11:28 and its haplotype A*24:02-B*15:01-DRB1*11:28 in CML group were very significantly higher than in controls (1.43% vs 0.00%, Pc=0.015; 1.43% vs 0.00%, P=0.003). Three-dimensional structure modeling of DRB1*11:28 and DRB1*11:01 presented significant structure differentiation (RMSD=0.09 nm) in peptide binding region of the backbone calculated by Swiss-PdbViewer v4.1. The haplotype A*03:01-B*50:01-DRB1*07:01 in AML and A*11:01-B*40:06-DRB1*09:01 in CML patients were significantly higher than that in controls (1.06% vs 0.00%, Pc=0.000; 2.86% vs 0.07%, Pc=0.000), and positively correlated with leukemia (OR=59.66, 95% CI=3.21-1110.39; OR=42.91, 95% CI=7.07-260.32)., Conclusion: The relationship of HLA-A,-B,-DRB1 alleles and haplotype polymorphism with leukemia at high-resolution level were obtained and unique in north Chinese Han population. AML and CML patients in Northern Han people carry particular susceptible haplotypes. DRB1*11:28, which might not actively present bcr-abl peptide to CD4 + T cells, and is a susceptibile gene for CML patients of Northern Han people, especially in Shaanxi Province (OR=89.62, 95% CI=4.28-1875.87), as well as correlated with its particular haplotype.

Objectives: To assess the reliability and validity of a simplified version of acne-specific quality of life (Acne-Qol-19) instrument in Han populations in Sichuan province., Methods: Acne-Qol-19 was administered to 264 acne patients. Internal consistency, split-half reliability, content validity, criterion validity and construct validity (factor analysis) of Acne-Qol-19 were assessed., Results: The Acne-Qol-19 obtained a Cronbach's α of 0.953 and split-half reliability of 0.902 (Spearman-Brown). Its content validity was well confirmed by dermatologists. The Acne-Qol-19 result was strongly associated ( r =#-0.745) with Cardiff acne disabled index (CADI) ( P <0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis yielded standardized loading of 0.853-0.944 on self-perception, 0.865-0.945 on role-social dimension, 0.383-0.898 on role-emotional dimension, and 0.612-0.867 on acne symptoms ( P <0.01)., Conclusion: Acne-Qol-19 has good validity and reliability in Han populations in Sichuan.

This study was designed to investigate the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on cancer angiogenesis. CCK8 assay and Brd U incorporation immunofluorescence assay were used to detect the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on HUVECs proliferation; wound healing assay and transwell assay were employed to test the effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection on HUVECs migration. The anti-angiogenic effect of Xiao-Ai-Ping injection was examined by tube formation assay, rat aortic ring assay and chicken chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) assay. ELISA assay was used to measure the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF); and the activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2) protein and its downstream signaling pathways were examined by Western blot. Our data demonstrated that Xiao-Ai-Ping injection inhibited HUVECs proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and the IC(50) (mg·m L(-1)) values for 24, 48 and 72 h were 48.7 ± 7.14, 29.1 ±2.25 and 22.0 ± 4.53, individually. Xiao-Ai-Ping injection inhibited HUVECs DNA synthesis and migration. Xiao-Ai-Ping injection suppressed HUVECs tube formation, and reduced microvessel sprouting from rat aortic rings and vessel growth in CAMs. Furthermore, Xiao-Ai-Ping injection attenuated the secretion of VEGF, and inhibited the expression of p-VEGFR2 and phosphorylation of protein kinase B(p-AKT). We conclude that Xiao-Ai-Ping injection inhibits angiogenesis by down-regulation of VEGF signaling and AKT pathway.

Objective: To determine the cytotoxic effects of acrolein on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in H9c2 cardiacmyocytes and investigate the intracellular signaling pathways., Methods: Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model was established with H9c2 cells. The H9c2 cells were divided into four groups, the control group, acrolein group (ACR), H/R group, acrolein + H/R group (ACR + H/R). H9c2 cells pretreated with or without acrolein (10 micromol/L) for 30 min were exposed to 2 h hypoxia and 16 h reoxygenation. The effect of acrolein on the cellular viability and apoptosis of H9c2 cells was measured by MTT assay, DAPI stainning and flow cytometry (FCM) respectively. The expression of apotosis-related proteins (cytochrome c, caspase 9 and caspase 3) in the H9c2 cells was detected by Western blot., Results: Compared with mere H/R treatment, the decrease in cell viability and increase in the number of apoptotic cells in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R were significantly exacerbated in the presence of acrolein (P < 0.05). The liberation of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol, the cleavages of the initiator caspase 9 and the effector caspase 3 have been observed after pretreatment with acrolein followed by H/ R in H9c2 cells., Conclusion: Acrolein could aggravate H/R injury and that this effect may be related, in part, to the modification of proteins involved the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol and activation of caspases cascade reaction.

Objective: To study the impact of various human leukocyte antigen (HLA) high resolution typing mismatching of donor-recipient pairs on prognosis of unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation., Methods: 835 donor-recipient pairs of CMDP data from 2005 to 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 typing were performed using SBT, SSOP and SSP methods. The diseases involved in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (n = 288), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (n = 227), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) (n = 187), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (n = 52), non-hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL) (n = 25), aplastic anemia(AA) (n = 42) and thalassemia (n = 14). Of 835 donor-recipient pairs, 362 were completely matched, 159 had a mismatch for a single allele, 125 had a mismatch for a single antigen, 95 had mismatched for both single allele and single antigen, 29 were mismatched at double allele, 20 at double antigen, 45 at multiple allele and antigen. The follow-up assessment was completed before March 2011., Results: HLA-matched pairs had higher overall survival (OS) than HLA-mismatched pairs (79.83% vs 73.15%), but there was no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05). HLA mismatch for a single allele plus a single antigen was a significantly risk factor for OS, disease free survival (DFS) and transplant-related mortality (TRM). The OS from high to low in different diseases were thalassemia, AA, CML, MDS, AML, NHL, and ALL. OS of HLA locus mismatch were DRB1 (94.4%), DQB1 (83.3%), B (75%), A (74.4%) and C (71.4%), respectively. OS of single allele mismatch at HLA locus from high to low were DRB1, C, A, B and DQB1.HLA-A, B, C locus mismatch were statistically significantly associated with lower OS and grade II-IV acute GVHD compared with HLA-matched pairs (P < 0.05). The donor-recipient pairs with HLA-B*15:01/B*15:05, DRB1*12:01/DRB1*12:02, C*04:01/C*03:04, DQB1*03:02/DQB1*03:03 alleles mismatch were given priority. But the donor-recipient pairs with HLA-B*39:01/B*39:05, C*15:02/C*14:02, C*08:01/C*03:04, C*07:02/C*15:02 alleles mismatch were risk factors for influence of OS and aGVHD., Conclusion: The high resolution typing for HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, DQB1 can be identified nonpermissive mismatch, which is beneficial for the selection of a suitable donor improves survival on unrelated donor HSCT.

Objective: To explore the method of improving the salt resistance ability of seeds and seedlings of Perilla frutescens under NaCl stress., Methods: Physiological indexes of Perilla frutescens seeds treated by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) under NaCl stress like the germination vigor, germination rate, germination index and vigor index were measured. And other indexes like the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were also measured., Results: The germination indexes of Perilla frutescens seeds under NaCl stress had obvious inhibition. But after the treatment with different concentrations of SNP, every germination indexes were all increased. And the seeds that treated with SNP with the concentration of 0.1 mmol/L has the most significantly increase in every index. The germination vigor was 60.4%, the germination rate was 78.3%, the germination index and vigor index were 13.7 and 0.1093 respectively. The content of MDA was decreased after the treatment of SNP. The activities of four enzymes included NR, SOD, POD and CAT were increased with the treatment of SNP, and get the maximin (1.52 microg/g x h, 0.32 U/mg, 5.9 U/mg and 4.8 U/mg respectively) with the concentration of 0.1 mmol/L SNP., Conclusion: SNP with concentration of 0.1 mmol/L could significantly alleviate the damages to the seeds and seedlings of Perilla frutescens under NaCl stress, and promote the salt resistance of the seeds and seedlings.

Objective: To explore the status of iodine nutrition and iodine deficiency disorders in the pasturing areas and agricultural regions in Tibet., Methods: 30 families were selected respectively in pastoral Dangxiong county and agricultural Qushui county of Lasa. Drinking water and edible salt were collected for testing the iodine contents. In each type of the following populations including children aged 8 - 10, women of child-bearing age and male adults, 50 subjects were randomly sampled to examine their urinary iodine contents. Among them, 50 children and 50 women were randomly selected for goiter examination by palpation., Results: Water iodine content was less than 2 µg/L, both in pasturing area and in agricultural areas. There was no iodized salt used in the families of pasturing areas, while 90% people consumed iodized salt in agricultural areas. The median of urinary iodine in pasturing area was 50.2 µg/L, significantly lower than that of agricultural area (193.2 µg/L). However, the goiter rate of children and women in pasturing area was significantly lower than that in agricultural area., Conclusion: Although iodine intake of populations in pasturing area of Tibet was severely deficient, there was no epidemic of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. This phenomenon noticed by the researchers deserved further investigation.

Objective: To investigate various methods for constructing soybean lecithin (SL)-based vesicles and evaluate the permeation-enhancing effect of SL-based vesicles on the penetration of insulin through buccal mucosa., Methods: The ultrasonic method, high speed shear method and high pressure homogenization method were respectively used to prepare the SL-based vesicles, and the particle size of the vesicles was measured with photon correlation spectrometry (PCS). The penetration rate of insulin through porcine buccal mucosa was investigated with the Valia-Chien diffusion cells., Results: The average particle sizes of 3 formulations of SL-based vesicles were 97.39, 85.60, and 100.60 nm when prepared by ultrasonic method, and were 58.7, 88.7, and 91.9 nm when prepared by high pressure homogenization method. Both vesicles presented good stability. However, the SL-based vesicles prepared by high speed shear method had larger average diameters and were found to be unstable. Transmission electron microscopy showed that SL-based vesicles had a spherical shape and the result accorded with PCS. The permeation flux of insulin of formulation 1 and control solution were 0.0024 and 0.0008 IU x ml(-1) x min(-1), respectively. The accumulative amount of formulation 1 at 180 min was (0.436 +/- 0.010 ) IU x ml(-1), which was 1.46 times higher than the control solution., Conclusions: The SL-based vesicles obtained using high pressure homogenization method are characterized by small particle size, narrow distribution, good stability, and powerful permeation-enhancing effect, which enables them to be good carriers for the buccal delivery of insulin.