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Triple-negative breast cancer is a molecular subtype of breast cancer, with poor differentiation, high invasion and poor prognosis. Due to the triple-negative breast cancer tumor lack of expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor 2 receptor, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy are all ineffective, and chemotherapy is the main treatment plan. To improve the survival of patients with triple-negative breast cancer, immunotherapy as an emerging treatment has progressed significantly in triple-negative breast cancer, but the long-term benefit remains unclear. In this paper, we synthesize the latest research results, review the formation mechanism of the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer from immune cells, inflammatory signaling pathways and epigenetic factors, and provide a theoretical basis for the targeted therapy to reverse immunosuppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]