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Objective: To study the clinical effectiveness and safety of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in the initial treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) and the initial setting of NIPPV parameters., Methods: One hundred neonates with NRDS were divided into NIPPV group (n=50) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) group (n=50). A randomized controlled study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of NIPPV versus NCPAP in the initial treatment of NRDS from the following aspects: reducing CO2 retention, improving oxygenation, reducing second endotracheal intubation and second use of pulmonary surfactant (PS), reducing the duration of invasive respiratory support, reducing the duration of oxygen use, and reducing the incidence of air leak, abdominal distension and ventilator-associated pneumonia., Results: After 1 and 6 hours of noninvasive respiratory support, the NIPPV group was superior to the NCPAP group with respect to the reduction in CO2 retention and improvement in oxygenation (P<0.05); in addition, compared with the NCPAP group, the NIPPV group had significantly lower rates of second endotracheal intubation and second PS use, significantly shorter duration of invasive respiratory support and time of FiO2 >0.21, and significantly lower incidence of apnea and ventilator-associated pneumonia (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the incidence of air leak and abdominal distention between the two groups., Conclusions: NIPPV is effective and safe in the initial treatment of NRDS and holds promise for clinical application.

Objective: To investigate the effects of oral carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) on extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) pathway in a lingual carcinoma cell line., Methods: The lingual carcinoma cell line, Tca8113 was stimulated by conditioned medium from oral CAFs, or cocultured with oral CAFs for definite time. Total ERK and pERK in Tca8113 lysate were detected by Western blotting, and the ratio between pERK and ERK were calculated., Results: Both stimulation by conditioned medium and coculture induced prompt phosphorylation of ERK, and increased the ratio between pERK and ERK., Conclusion: Oral CAFs can activate ERK pathway of carcinoma cells.

Objective: To investigate the degradation of artificial basement membrane (matrigel) co-cultured with oral carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and its possible mechanism., Methods: CAFs and normal fibroblasts (NFs) were incubated on matrigel for 24, 48, 72 h. Equivalent amounts of conditioned medium were collected and assayed for total protein, hydroxyproline and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity by gelatin zymography., Results: Oral CAFs were superior to oral NFs in total protein and hydroxyproline density, CAFs present more pro-MMP-2 and activated MMP-2., Conclusion: CAFs were superior to NFs in degradation of matrigel. CAFs might play a key role in the reconstitution of extracellular matrix and the progression of tumor.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to study the genetic diversity of F-ATPase subunit gene uncEBF derived from Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) clinical isolates, furthermore to investigate the relationship between the genetic diversity of F-ATPase and S. mutans aciduric ability., Methods: 38 S. mutans strains included 18 high acid tolerance strains and 20 low acid tolerance strains. Gene uncEBF of these isolates were amplified with specific primers from S. mutans genomic DNA, and the PCR products were analyzed by RFLP and sequenced. SPSS 11.0 statistic software assayed the results., Results: It was testified that two genotypes A and B of PCR-RFLP were revealed when digested with Alu I and Dde I digested fragments of uncEBF displayed two different patterns C and D. Fisher exact two-tail test showed that the distributions of A and B genotype strains with different acidurance were different (P < 0.05), and the proportion of A genotype strains from high acidurance group was higher than that from low acidurance one. Some of these amplified uncEBF genes from different genotype were sequenced and testified that there existed variation of Alu I and Dde I recognized sites., Conclusion: This study indicated that uncEBF gene of S. mutans F-ATPase obviously exhibited genetic diversity.

Using 28 selected primer combinations, 12 accessions of Bendizao tangerine from seven provinces were investigated by AFLP analysis. A total of 882 genetic sites were detected, among which 192 were polymorphic. Using Huangyan Bendizao as contrast, the polymorphic sites of the other 11 accessions from seven provinces are not very high (3.5%-10.54%), and the number of different sites between accessions from other provinces is higher than that from Zhejiang province, which indicates that the ecological difference can partially contribute the formation of the genetic diversity. Genetic distance and dendrogram showed considerably close relatedness among the 12 accessions, and the max genetic distance was 0.229. The genetic analysis of the 12 accessions from seven provinces can provide useful information for the relationship between the formation of genetic variation and environmental difference and can facilitate the genetic improvement of this cultivar.

Objective: To investigate the association of estrogen receptor (ER) gene polymorphism and primary trigeminal neuralgia., Methods: By polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), ER gene polymorphism was analyzed in 20 trigeminal neuralgia (TR) patients and 20 control individuals, and the distribution of ER genotype was compared in TR group and control group., Results: There was no significant difference in frequencies of allele and genotype in XbaI or PvuII polymorphism or XbaI with PvuII polymorphisms together between TR group and control group (P > 0.05). The genotypic distribution of Xx or PpXx in TR group was higher than control group, and it was contary to xx, ppxx or Ppxx in TR group and control group., Conclusion: XbaI or PvuII polymorphism may be related to TR. Women with PpXx genotype may be a dangerous factor to primary trigeminal neuralgia.

Purpose: To detect the distribution of P. gingivalis and B. forsythus in the infected root canals from Chinese chronic apical periodontitis, and investigate the colonization relationship between them in the root canals., Methods: P. gingivalis and B. forsythus in the root canal samples of thirty-eight teeth with chronic apical periodontitis from 31 subjects who were referred to the Sichuan University West China Dental Hospital for dental treatment were studied with a 16S rDNA-directed polymerase chain reaction method. Fisher's exact tset was used to detect B. forsythus in the infected root canals with or without P. gingivalis. OR was used to analyse the relationship between them., Results: The prevalence in 38 teeth was 39.5% for P. gingivalis, and 26.3% for B. forsythus, respectively. Significant positive relationship was shown in the combination of P. gingivalis and B. forsythus (OR=12, P<0.05)., Conclusion: Both P. gingivalis and B. forsythus colonized in the root canals with chronic apical periodontitis and there was a positive relationship between P. gingivalis and B. forsythus in the infected root canal flora.

Objective: To observe human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (hTNF-alpha) expression and secreting level of human embryo myoblasts transfected by hTNF-alpha gene., Methods: Human embryo myoblasts were transfected with shuttle plasmid pSV23SHTNF containing hTNF-alpha gene by cationic liposomes DOSPER. The control group was only given equivalent liposomes except plasmid. After culturing for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, hTNF-alpha expression level of human embryo myoblasts was observed with immunocytochemistry staining, and hTNF-alpha secreting of human embryo myoblasts was analyzed by ELISA., Results: After transfected by hTNF-alpha gene for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, the human embryo myoblasts displayed significant secretion of hTNF-alpha in the cultural supernatant (P < 0.05), and overexpression in cytoplasma and cell membrane., Conclusion: Transfection of hTNF-alpha gene to human myoblasts made myoblasts secrete high concentration of hTNF-alpha, implying it is feasible that transfecting muscle cells surrounding tongue carcinoma lesion with hTNF-alpha gene can prevent tongue carcinoma from intruding into deeper muscle tissue.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of Bacteroides forsythus in root canals with chronic apical periodontitis and to determine its associations with clinical symptoms., Methods: Thirty-eight tooth root canals from 31 subjects were studied with a 16S rDNA-directed polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These teeth were classified into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups according to the clinical symptoms and signs, including spontaneous pain, percussion pain, sinus tract and swelling, respectively., Results: Ten of the 38 root canal samples were positive for B. forsythus. The prevalence of B. forsythus was 26.3% for 38 root canals, 45.5% for spontaneous pain group, 39.1% for percussion pain group, 29.4% for sinus tract group, 42.9% for swelling group, respectively. Significant positive associations were observed between B. forsythus in infected root canals and the spontaneous pain, percussion pain, and swelling of apical periodontitis, respectively (OR=infinity, 9, 12; P<0.05). There was no significant association between B. forsythus and sinus tract of apical periodontitis (OR=1.33)., Conclusion: B. forsythus colonized in the infected root canals. It is the putative pathogen of apical periodontitis.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to clone the soluble form of the mouse BlyS (msBlyS) and insert it into a eukaryotic expression vector pSecTag2B in order to further elucidat the antitumor activity induced by msBlyS expressed by the recombined plasmid pSecTag2B-msBlyS., Methods: Full length cDNA of mouse soluble BlyS (msBlyS) was amplified by reverse transcription-PCR from total RNA of mouse spleen. The PCR product was ligated directly with linearized vector pCR2.1 supplied in the TA cloning kit. The recombined plasmid pCR2.1-msBlyS which was selected and identified using blue-white screening method and restriction map analysis and the purified original plasmid pSecTag2B were both cut by HindIII and EcoR I. The digested fragments were extracted and purified from low-melting temperature agarose and ligated by T4DNA ligase. The recombined plasmid pSecTag2B-msBlyS were isolated and identified by restricted endonuclease cutting and Sanger dideoxy DNA sequencing., Results: The sequencing data indicated that inserted msBlyS gene had correct DNA sequence and orientation., Conclusion: Eukaryotic expression vector pSecTag2B. Expressing mouse BlyS have successfully been cloned. This will provide us an opportunity to do further research work on BlyS.