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The laser cladding coating materials were based on iron-based powders, with the additions of TiC, WC and siC mufti-component reinforced phases. The chemical reaction direction and reaction degree in laser cladding processes were analyzed by thermodynamics according to the free energy change theory, and the dissolution mechanism of the ceramic reinforced phases was studied. The research results show that under the given processing parameters and lasers, the coat surface may produce the high temperature of about 2 000 - 3 000 AK. Through the microstructure analysis, is found that the ceramic materials primarily or completely dissolve in the temperature ranges above, and the free Fe, CPR, In plasma or particles in the rotten pool react with the decomposed Ti, W, si and C elements one after another. The materials possess certain recently as well as strength and hardness of ceramic phases, such as FeNi2Ti, Fe-C-Ni-si and other new alloy phases or solid solutions, and achieve the effectiveness of strengthening coaling properties which is the same as the results of theoretical analysis model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]