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Genitourinary syndrome of menopause（GSM） is a symptom of external genitalia, urinary system, and sexual disorders in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. This is a chronic progressive disease which becomes increasingly with age and prolonged menopause, seriously affects the quality of life of middle-aged and elderly women. For GSM patients, menopause hormone therapy (MHT) is the most effective measure，but long-term use of MHT is not suitable for all women. This article will review the non-hormone treatment of GSM and provide treatment strategies for doctors.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse stains combined with wax therapy in the treatment of urinary dysfunction in patients with multiple system atrophy. Methods A total of 30 patients with multiple system atrophy accompanied by urinary dysfunction were divided into observation group and control group according to the time sequence of hospital admission, with 15 cases in each group. The control group received routine treatment and nursing, and the observation group was treated with Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse stains combined with wax therapy based on the control group. The therapeutic effect of the two groups was compared by using Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS). Results The total score of OABSS was decreased in both two group after treatment, and OABSS score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0. 05). Conclusion Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse stains combined with wax therapy can effectively relieve urinary dysfunction and improve the quality of life of the patient with multiple system atrophy, and it is worth promoting. (目的 探讨中药塌渍联合蜡疗治疗多系统萎缩患者排尿障碍的效果, 总结护理体会。方法 选取2023年1月—8月科室收治的30例多系统萎缩伴排尿障碍患者为研究对象, 根据入院时间顺序分为观察组和对照组, 各15例。对照组给予常规治疗及护理, 观察组在对照组的基础上增加中药塌渍联合蜡疗治疗。采用膀胱过度活动症状评分(OABSS)进行疗效评估。结果 治疗后两组患者OABSS总分较治疗前降低(P＜0. 05), 且观察组OABSS总分低于对照组(P＜0. 05)。结论 中药塌渍联合蜡疗可进一步改善多系统萎缩患者排尿障碍, 有助于提升患者的生活质量。)

In order to effectively improve the properties of magnesium alloys， the effects of Zn on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of magnesium alloys under two states of condensation and hot-pressing were explored.The Mg-Zn binary alloy was prepared by gas phase alloying method， and the alloy was studied and analyzed by optical microscopy (OM)， X-ray diffraction (XRD)， scanning electron microscopy(SEM)， energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and electrochemical workstation.Results showed that the phases of alloy under two states of condensation and hot-pressing were composed of α-Mg， MgZn， Mg7Zn3 and MgZn2 phases.After hot-pressing treatment under the conditions of 300～360 ℃＋10 MPa＋40 min，the microstructure of the alloy became more uniform and denser，which also gradually formed strip structure.With increasing the hot-pressing temperature， the corrosion current density of the alloys decreased， and the corrosion resistance increased.When the time of the hot-pressing treatment extended from 4 h to 12 h at 320 ℃， the degree of the plastic deformation of alloy obviously enhanced， and the fine Mg7Zn3 phases were precipitated and presented the uniform distribution.Besides， the corrosion resistance of the as-obtained alloy was weakened.

Based on the topological design theory of a parallel mechanism with orientation feature set and bending translation theory, a new parallel mechanism with circular spherical translation and one rotation (2T1R) with 3 degrees of freedom （DOF） and low coupling is designed and topological characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed, including the orientation feature set, degrees of freedom and coupling calculation. The kinematics of the mechanism is analyzed, and the forward and inverse solutions of the position of the mechanism are solved and verified. Finally, based on the positive and negative equations of the mechanism, the workspace and the rotation capacity distribution of the mechanism are analyzed. The work in this study lays the foundation for the subsequent scale optimization, error analysis and dynamics analysis of the mechanism.

Objective·To screen the human-mouse chimeric antibodies that neutralize the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and analyse the key amino acid site changes in their light chain.Methods·Antibody heavy chain gene-humanized mice were immunized with the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and pseudovirus neutralization assay were performed to analyse the antibody titer in serum level. Flow cytometry was used to sort plasma cells and germinal center (GC) B cells from the mouse spleen and lymph nodes, and the proportions of different B cells were analysed. RNA was extracted to construct a mouse-origin antibody light chain gene library, which was paired with the knocked-in human-origin antibody heavy chain gene for antibody expression. ELISA was employed to screen for high-affinity chimeric antibodies. Amino acid changes in the light chain of high-affinity chimeric antibodies were analysed by comparing them with mouse-origin germline antibody light chain genes. Chimeric antibodies with single amino acid changes in the light chain were constructed and expressed, and their affinity and neutralization abilities were tested through ELISA and pseudovirus neutralization experiments. By comparing the affinity and neutralization abilities of the chimeric antibodies with or without single amino acid changes in the light chain, the key single amino acid change was analysed.Results·Compared to unimmunized mice, the immunized mice showed an increased titer of specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 on the serum level, along with an elevated proportion of plasma cells and GC B cells in the spleen and lymph nodes. ELISA showed that a high-affinity chimeric antibody was screened from GC B cells in the mouse spleen. The light chain of the antibody had a 76th serine-to-isoleucine substitution and a 98th phenylalanine deletion. Another ELISA showed that the chimeric antibody exhibited high affinity, the antibody without amino acid change on the light chain and the antibody with only the 98th phenylalanine deletion showed low affinity, and the antibody with only the 76th serine-to-isoleucine substitution demonstrated intermediate affinity between the chimeric antibody and the antibody without amino acid change on the light chain. Pseudovirus neutralization experiments revealed that the chimeric antibody had a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.995 ng/μL; the antibody with only the 76th serine-to-isoleucine substitution had an IC50 of 1.724 ng/μL, indicating a slight decrease in neutralization ability; the antibody with only the 98th phenylalanine deletion had an IC50 of 71.05 ng/μL; the antibody without amino acid change on the light chain had an IC50 of 42.06 ng/μL, suggesting weak neutralization ability.Conclusion·For the screened human-mouse chimeric antibodies that neutralize SARS-CoV-2 in this study, the key amino acid change determining the neutralization ability of the chimeric antibody is the 76th serine-to-isoleucine substitution.

Based on the topology design theory and method of parallel mechanism of position and orientation characteristic (POC) theory, a new 3-DOF parallel mechanism with cylindrical translation and one rotation (2T1R) is designed, and the topological characteristics of the mechanism are analyzed, including the calculation of the position and orientation characteristic set, degrees of freedom and coupling degrees; then the kinematics of the mechanism is analyzed, the forward and inverse solutions of the position of the mechanism are solved and verified; finally, based on the forward and inverse position solutions of the mechanism, the work space and rotation capacity of the mechanism are analyzed. The work of this research lays a foundation for the subsequent scale optimization, error analysis and dynamic analysis of the mechanism.

Abstract： A multi-channel real-time system is designed for monitoring photoplethysmographic (PPG) using RISC-V kernel. The system takes E203 IP of RISC-V architecture as the low-power core, which connects analog front-end module and Bluetooth control module through ICB bus. The analog front-end control module controls back-to-back LEDs to realize two-channel PPG signal acquisition. Multi-channel acquisition can be realized by reusing the analog front-end control module. The Bluetooth control module is connected to E203 to deliver system control commands, and then upload PPG data to the terminal. Finally, The FPGA system verifies the 22-bit dual-channel PPG signal Internet of Things terminal application.

Time-domain randomization makes side channel attacks difficult to align side information by inserting random delays, redundant operations, and variable frequency clocks, thereby reducing the efficiency. Aiming at the problem of time-domain misalignment of energy traces caused by time-dimensional randomization technology, this paper proposes an anti-time-domain randomization method based on Trend Series Dynamic Matching (TSDM). This method analyzes the distribution of attack interest points, and describes the shape feature of the energy trace, compresses the dimension of the energy trace, preserves the sensitive information of energy attacks, suppresses the negative impact of noise, realizes the dynamic alignment of data, and improves the efficiency of side channel attacks. This paper, conducts method verification and performance analysis for three typical time randomization techniques. Compared with various classical alignment methods, this method has better data alignment effect in different noise environments, and the number of energy traces required for the success rate of energy attack to reach 100% respectively decreased by 23.8%, 24.2%, 11.3%.

Beam profile measurement via wire scanner is a semi-invasive method, which has advantage of less beam influence compared with a profile target, and is widely used in particle accelerator all over the world. Wire scanner is adopted to be applied to Shanghai High Repetition Rate X-ray Free Electron Laser aNd Extreme Light Facility (SHINE). For this purpose, a prototype of wire scanner composed of a wire target, a set of mechanical mechanism, a beam loss monitor and a set of electronics was designed and developed. A tungsten wire with an outer diameter of 20 μm was used as the wire target, and the safety of this tungsten wire was proved by thermal simulation. The beam loss monitor in the wire scanner prototype consists of a quartz fiber that generates Cherenkov light, and a photomultiplier tube. The data acquisition module was developed based on the ADQ14AC-4C data acquisition platform from Teledyne SP Devices, which is equipped with ADC chip with nominal bit of 14 bit, effective bit of about 9 bit, and analog 3 dB bandwidth of 1.2 GHz. The principle and specific design of the prototype were introduced in this paper. The optimization scheme of installing a cavity beam position monitor (CBPM) upstream of the wire target to accurately compensate the beam center position and the beam charge was also mentioned. In order to accurately evaluate performance of the prototype, we measured the beam profile simultaneously by arranging wire scanner system and a YAG target adjacent to each other in Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (SXFEL). The comparison of the experimental results show that the wire scanner can be used for the online semi-invasive beam profile measurement of the 0.84 GeV electron beam with a bunch charge of 500 pC. The resolustion of the prototype wire scanner is better than 30 μm, and especially less than 10 μm in the direction of low beam jitter. When the beam position changes greatly, the measurement accuracy of the prototype wire scanner is sharply improved by the CBPM system. Furthermore, the relative charge quantity calculated by the CBPM reference cavity signal is used to compensate the beam loss signal, and the measurement result of the prototype wire scanner is slightly improved. The results of the profile target agree with those of the prototype wire scanner well which verify the function of the device applied to SXFEL. The prototype of wire scanner system has laid a good technical foundation for SHINE construction, and at the same time, wire scanner system with CBPM can be used as a supplement for beam profile measurement in SXFEL.

Rockfall in limestone mines is a common geohazard in the Changdu area of eastern Tibet and one of the leading geo-safety issues that mining enterprises and railway projects are faced with. We carried out a detailed geohazard survey using the methods of general geology, structural geology, and geohazard geology. We found the rockfall development pattern, characterized rock mass structural planes, discussed the collapse's mechanism, and established its failure mode. The results show that rockfall sites in the study area show a linear spreading along the fold and thrust zone. Five groups of steep-dip structural planes have developed in the rock body, including the longitudinal joint (S1), the transverse joint (S2), the X-type conjugate shear joints (S3 and S4), and the interlayer shear joint (S5). Paired with regional folds and hedging faults, these structural planes cut the rock mass into broken blocks. The collapses are the product of coupled internal and external dynamic geological processes. The sedimentary foundation of the rockfalls in the Qamdo area is the limestone from the upper Triassic Bolila Formation (T3b) formed in the intracontinental rift basin. The strongly folded orogeny triggered by the Cenozoic (Cz) India-Eurasia collision laid down the tectonic framework in the region, which is the essential condition for rockfall development. The strong Neotectonic movement since the Quaternary (Q), frequent hot and humid climate alternations with abundant rainfall since the Late Pleistocene (Q3), everyday human activities, and other internal and external dynamic coupling effects are the main triggering factors of the rockfall disaster. Three failure modes of rockfall are identified, namely toppling, falling, and sliding. The research results have specific guiding significance for rockfall prevention and control in the karst area and the railway construction in the Sichuan-Tibet area.

BackgroundThe Shanghai high repetition rate XFEL and extreme light facility (SHINE) accelerates electrons up to 8 GeV using cryogenic-superconducting high-frequency cavity. Wire scanner system is applied to the beam profile measurement of SHINE due to its advantages such as fewer secondary particles generation compared with that of complete beam block, hence reduce the risk of superconducting cavity.PurposeThis study aims to design data acquisition system for wire scanner system and realize synchronous acquisition of beam loss signal and relative position between the wire and beam.MethodsThe data acquisition system for wire scanner was designed to include radio frequency (RF) daughter board with analog signal digitizer, digital motherboard, firmware, data processing software. A Zynq-UltraScale+ based system on chip (SoC) was employed as system central component, and a field programmable gate array (FPGA) was used for system control and data transmission whilst the advanced RISC machine (ARM) integrating Linux was implemented for data acquisition and communication. Finally, experimental test of this data acquisition system was performed on the testbed to verify its feasibility and functionalities.ResultsThe data acquisition system can correctly read back position of grating ruler, and achieve synchronous acquisition of sample beam loss signal and signal of cavity beam position monitor.ConclusionsThe data acquisition system meets the requirements of SHINE wire scanner system. It will be applied to the prototype of SHINE wire scanner system.

Objective To analyze the effect of training for medical caregivers, and provide reference for the standard training for medical caregivers. Methods A training group was established to formulate the teaching and training program, teaching objectives, management requirements, training items, teaching conditions, training forms and assessment rules. The training program was carried out according to the implementation plan of Strengthening the Training and Standardized Management of Medical Care Worker in Beijing. Results Medical caregivers were satisfied with the contents of training and related theory teaching and practice provided during the period. The pass rate of the final assessment was 100%. Conclusion The training course for medical caregivers is reasonable and has achieved good results, which is a beneficial attempt to carry out standardized training of medical nurses in the future. (目的 探讨医疗护理员培训实践效果, 为更规范开展医疗护理员培训工作提供参考。方法 成立医疗护理员培训小组, 制定教学培训大纲及教学目标、管理要求、培训项目、教学条件、培训形式及考核等细则, 按照规范对11名护理员开展培训。结果 11名采用培训的护理员对培训内容、理论授课、操作培训、实践安排均表示满意, 均认同该培训模式, 学员考核通过率100. 00%。结论 通过成立规范的培训小组、设置合理的培训内容和课程, 有助于提升培训效果。)

Purpose:Taking the tailings discharged from a tin ore beneficiation plant in Yunnan as the object, this study analyzes the influencing factors of tailings slurry pipeline transportation mode and sand transportation efficiency through experimental research and numerical simulation. Method: The distribution pattern of tailings gradation was measured through water screen test, and the rheological characteristics of slurry were measured through slurry rheological test. Combined with ANSYS-FLUENT, the slurry pipeline transportation model was simulated and calculated. Conclusion: By comparing and analyzing the shortcomings criteria of Wasp et al.,a new criterion for pipeline transportation mode based on particle size distribution was proposed. The sand transportation efficiency was calculated by combining the distribution model and rheological parameters. The absolute error between the results and the measured values was within 5%,indicating that the new criterion is reasonable. At the same time, a new model for calculating sand transportation efficiency was constructed. Significance: The research provides a new criterion for the pipeline transportation mode of tailings slurry, which can provide a certain reference value for the application of similar situations in mine tailings slurry pipeline transportation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical caregivers as auxiliary medical care personnel have become an indispensable labor supplement in nursing work. Given the public's rising awareness of health and rights protection, the quality of patients' nursing staff has also improved accordingly. In order to strengthen life care skills and professional quality, it's required to standardize professional training. However, there are still many problems in the training of medical nursing staff and content in China. This article analyzed the current employment conditions, management and training needs of medical caregivers, aiming to provide reference for further establishment of standardized training curriculums. (医疗护理员是辅助医疗护理的人员, 已成为护理工作中不可缺少的劳务补充。为加强护理员生活照护技能和职业素养, 需对医疗护理员进行规范化专业培训。目前, 国内关于医疗护理员的培训方式和内容尚存在着诸多问题。本文就医疗护理员目前的从业、管理和培训状况进行分析, 为进一步设置规范化的培训课程提供参考。)

This paper summarized oral nursing with Traditional Chinese Medicine solution for a patient with bad breath after acute cerebral infarction. The ingredients of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) solution, operation method, cautions were introduced, and related diet nursing intervention was carried out during oral care. Based on the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome differentiation, oral nursing with appropriate TCM solutions is potentially effective to improve the oral hygiene in the patient after acute cerebral infarction. (本文总结1例急性脑梗塞患者中药口护技术方法及护理措施, 包括中药口护的药方组成、操作方法、注意事项以及饮食护理等护理措施。基于中医辨证施护理论指导, 合理运用中药口腔护理液, 针对性采取护理措施, 能够改善急性脑梗塞患者舌苔症状和口腔异味。)

The weak industrial foundation has been restricting the development of China’s anufacturing sector; it even threatens the high-quality economic development, social stability, and national defense security of China. As a significant aspect for modern industrial system construction, industrial foundation upgrading, aims to implement new development ideas, form new development patterns, and achieve high-quality development. In this paper, we analyze the connotations of industrial foundation and industrial foundation upgrading in China based on the idea and methods of systems engineering. The general idea for promoting industrial foundation upgrading in China are proposed. Market regulation and government intervention should be effectively coordinated. Focus should be given on basic parts, materials, manufacturing equipment, industrial software, and test platforms. Moreover, innovation and common research should be promoted. The industrial foundation upgrading should be promoted by stages. First, stranglehold problems should be resolved using the new national system. Second, a chain-type solution should be implemented to solve the weaknesses in development. Third, leading enterprises and some specialized and innovative small- and medium-sized enterprises should collaborate to establish an enterprise support pattern. To provide a theoretical reference for industrial foundation upgrading, the top-level design should be enhanced, the fundamental innovation system should be improved, and basic education and talent should be support strengthened.

BackgroundElliptic flow (v2) is one of the most important observations for exploring the properties of nuclear matter using heavy-ion collisions. v2 is not only affected by dynamic processes but is also related to the Fermi momentum of the initial nucleus.PurposeThis study aims to quantitatively determine the effect of the initial Fermi momentum on the time evolution of v2.MethodsFirst, based on the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model, gold-gold (Au+Au) collisions at beam energies of 0.4A GeV and 0.8A GeV with impact parameter b = 6 fm were simulated. In the initial stage, three cases were considered: without Fermi momentum, with Fermi momentum, and with half-Fermi momentum. Then, by reverse tracing the nucleons that were emitted at mid-rapidity (|y0|

Phlebitis is one of common complications of the intravenous infusion of fluids. This paper summarized the nursing experience of an acute cerebral infarction patient with phlebitis. In addition to the routine methods such as external application of potato slices and 50% magnesium sulfate wet dressing, the Comfeel hydrocolloid dressing was used to treat the phlebitis. Swelling and pain degree were measured. After 8 days after intervention with Comfeel hydrocolloid dressing, clinical symptoms of phlebitis disappeared and pain was relieved. The application of Comfeel hydrocolloid dressing is effective to relieve the irritation symptoms caused by phlebitis, it has advantages of easy-to-use, safe and being relatively painless. (静脉炎是经外周留置针穿刺常见的并发症。本研究总结1例急性脑梗死合并静脉炎患者的护理经验。在常规方法(土豆片、50%硫酸镁外敷)基础上, 给予康惠尔水胶体敷料治疗, 通过红肿面积、疼痛评分等评估护理效果。给予康惠尔水胶体敷料干预后8 d, 患者临床症状消失, 皮肤完好, 无疼痛。使用康惠尔水胶体敷料治疗静脉炎, 能改善血管的刺激症状, 具有操作简单、使用安全、无疼痛的优点。)

γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a simple one-step solid-phase method using iron nitrate[ Fe (NO3)3 ⋅ 9H2O] and anhydrous oxalic acid (C2H2O4) as raw materials. The samples' structure, morphology, and magnetic properties were analyzed by XRD, SEM-EDS, and N2-adsorption/deaetivation VSM. The results show that adding C2H204 to Fe (NO3)3 ⋅ 9H2O can successfully prepare rod-like γ-Fe2O3 with saturation magnetization of 76.3 emu/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ground substrate is the basic content of natural resources survey, but there is not yet a unified working guideline on how to carry out the work. Based on the ground substrate survey in Changchun region, the paper proposes the method of ground substrate structure survey based on geomorphic unit division, and systematically summarizes the spatial structure characteristics of ground substrate in the area. The results show that the ground substrate at the depth of 0-20 cm below surface is mainly soil and complemented by mud in the valley alluvial plain, piedmont platform and intermountain basin valley area, while mainly rock and supplemented by gravel in low mountain and hilly area. At the depth of 0-5 m below surface, the typical structure of ground substrate in floodplain and first terrace can be divided into two types, i.e., loam+sandy soil and loam+clayey loam+clayey loam, with grayish black loam+yellow brown clayey loam+yellow clayey loam in second terrace, piedmont platform and intermountain basin valley area, and loam+sandy soil (or skeleton soil)+rock in low mountain and hilly area. At the depth of 0-50 m below surface, the typical structure ofground substrate in floodplain and first terrace is loam+sandy soil+rock, with clayey loam+sandy soil+rock in second terrace, and clayey loam+rock in piedmont platform, and loam+sandy soil (or skeleton soil)+rock in low mountain and hilly area. The ground substrate structure in intermountain basin valley area is basically the same as that in second terrace or piedmont platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Yichun area of Heilongjiang Province is tectonically located in the Xiaoxinganling-Zhangguangcailing arc-basin system in the eastern Xingan-Mongolian orogenic belt, with multiple-stage magmatic activities occurred in Mesozoic, which has recorded the tectonic evolution of arc-basin system. The paper studies in detail the petrology, geochemistry and chronology of the Mesozoic granites in Baihuaqingniandui area of northern Yichun. The results show that the Mesozoic granites exposed in the area mainly include fine-medium-grained syenogranite and porphyritic monzogranite. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating yields the age of 190.6±1.7 Ma, indicating the fine-medium-grained syenogranite was formed in the Early Jurassic. Lithogeochemically, the granites are characterized by high Si, rich in alkali, poor in Mg, Ca, P and Ti, with the A/CNK value of 1.05-1.15, belonging to peraluminous, high potassium calc-alkaline series, and depletion ofHFSEs (Nb, Ti and P) and LILEs (Ba and Sr), and enrichment of elements such as Rb, IK, Th and Hf. The REE patterns show asymmetrically right-dipping type, with obvious negative Eu anomaly. These geochemical characteristics reveal that the Early Jurassic granites in the area are typically of A2-type, formed in the post-orogenic extensional tectonic setting. Combined with the magmatic activities and tectonic events in Xiaoxinganling Mountains, it is believed that the Early Jurassic magmatic emplacement in Yichun area may have occurred under the post-orogenic extensional tectonic background caused by the westward subduction of paleo-Pacific Plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TC4 titanium alloy bulk specimens were prepared by laser deposition manufacturing.The effect of annealing treatment on mechanical properties, microstructure of LDMed TC4 titanium alloy was studied by optical microstructure (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The experimental results show that the microstructure is basketweave structure after α+β two-phase region annealing treatment and is transformed to Widmanstatten structure after β phase region annealing treatment.The mechanical properties still show significant anisotropy after annealing:Z-direction samples exhibit low strength and high plasticity, while XY-direction samples show high strength and low plasticity.The samples have a greatly decrease in strength and plasticity after β phase region annealing treatment.The annealing temperature has obvious influence on the anisotropy of the samples. The tensile properties of XY-direction samples are evidently scattered.Both direction samples exhibit ductile fracture after α+β two-phase region annealing treatment. The strength and plasticity of the samples decrease greatly after β single phase region annealing treatment, and the XY-direction samples are brittle fracture.

BACKGROUND Spectroscopic characteristics for brown colored Type Ⅱa diamonds treated by high pressure high temperature (HPHT) processes have been investigated extensively. However, almost no reports are available on the variation of the spectroscopic features for the type Ⅰa Cape series brown colored diamonds treated by HPHT processes. OBJECTIVES To help the laboratory to resolve the origin of yellow diamonds. METHODS The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and photoluminescence spectroscopy were used to analyze the spectral features for the samples before and after each treatment. RESULTS The color of the diamonds changed from grayish brown to brownish yellow after the HPHT process. Meanwhile, the FTIR/UV-Vis absorption, as well as the photoluminescence was also greatly changed. Besides the 415nm and the 477nm absorption peaks, the treated diamonds also display H3 defect (503.2nm) and the gradually increasing absorption from 550nm to shortwave, resulted in the color changing from grayish brown to brownish yellow. In the mid-infrared region, the three peaks of 1498, 1520 and 1547cm-1 become a broad band centered at 1498cm-1 after treatment, and the photoluminescence spectrum displayed two distinct defects-H3 (503.2nm) and H2 (986.2nm). CONCLUSIONS The spectroscopic features provide a basis for accurate identification of HPHT-treated type Ⅰa Cape series brown diamonds in gem laboratories, and increase understanding of the variation mechanism of the nitrogen and hydrogen related lattice defects in the diamonds during the HPHT processes.

In this paper,the stability of the roof-cutting strip-shaped mine column at the top of the Stage open-stope backfilling method of the Jinchanghe ZnV3 orebody is taken as the research object. By analyzing the distribution law of the stress state of the stope at different stages, combined with the current situation of the anchoring support of the broken surrounding rock of the roof, in order to improve the stability of the strip-shaped mine column, the method of combining theoretical analysis and numerical simulation is used for research and analysis. The research results show that the optimization scheme of alternately arranging 4 m wide drilling chamber and 3 m wide strip-shaped mine column on both sides of the roof-cutting contact channel can effectively share the influence of stress concentration on the strip-shaped mine column and greatly improve the stability of the strip-shaped mine column. The optimization scheme changes the roof support area and further improves the stability of the roof after the goaf. According to the research results, industrial experiments were carried out to verify the feasibility of the optimization scheme, which is of great significance to safety production and can be applied in mines. The optimization of the roof cutting project further improves the stability of the roof under the condition of improving the stability of the strip-shaped mine column, which can provide a reference for similar mines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TC4 titanium alloy bulk specimens were prepared by laser deposition manufacturing.The effect of annealing treatment on mechanical properties, microstructure of LDMed TC4 titanium alloy was studied by optical microstructure (OM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The experimental results show that the microstructure is basketweave structure after α+β two-phase region annealing treatment and is transformed to Widmanstatten structure after β phase region annealing treatment.The mechanical properties still show significant anisotropy after annealing:Z-direction samples exhibit low strength and high plasticity, while XY-direction samples show high strength and low plasticity.The samples have a greatly decrease in strength and plasticity after β phase region annealing treatment.The annealing temperature has obvious influence on the anisotropy of the samples. The tensile properties of XY-direction samples are evidently scattered.Both direction samples exhibit ductile fracture after α+β two-phase region annealing treatment. The strength and plasticity of the samples decrease greatly after β single phase region annealing treatment, and the XY-direction samples are brittle fracture.

Because of the increasingly rigid and complex operating conditions for multi-stage pumps, the annular seal is playing an important role in determining the dynamic characteristics of a rotor system. The annular seal can prevent fluid leakage to ensure that the pump system can satisfy the design requirements, such as the head and efficiency. However, the fluid-induced force that is caused inside the annular seal by the pressure reduction and nonconcentric motion directly acted on the rotor system, which presents transient characteristics with a variation in the operating conditions. Based on the Euler angle transformation and the finite element method, the differential equations of motions for impeller and shaft were determined in this study, and the coupled effects, including the fluid-induced force of the annular seal and multiple axial forces, were considered. These equations of motions and coupled effects were conducted to investigate the effect of the annular seal on the lateral-axial bi-direction coupled vibration for a multi-stage pump rotor system. Finally, the lateral-axial bi-direction coupled vibration model for a multi-stage pump wet rotor was integrated with the matrix operation,and the corresponding coupled transient dynamics were solved using the Newmark method. The changing rules of the coupled vibration characteristics and fluid-induced force were mainly investigated for different sealing lengths, pressure drops, and clearances. The calculated results imply that the influence of the annular seal on the Lomakin effect for rotor lateral vibration becomes increasingly obvious with increasing length and pressure drop and with decreasing clearance. The convergence rate for the lateral vibration is observed to be faster than that for the axial vibration, and the vibration frequencies for the lateral-axial bi-direction presents different features. Furthermore, the fluid-induced force between the sealing lengths presents a nonlinear relation, whereas that between the pressure drop and clearance exhibits a linear relation.

Hot corrosion behavior of a new cobalt-base superalloy at 900℃ in the molten NaCl was investigated by salt-leaching method. The results show that the selective oxidation occurs at the initial stage of corrosion, and the oxidation films including Al2O3, Cr2O3 and a small amount of TiO2 are formed on the surface of the superalloy. However, the protective Cr2O3 and Al2O3 are corroded by the molten NaCl and then the substrate is exposed to the corrosive substances, so that the corrosion rate is accelerated. During the corrosion, rod Al2O3 is formed in inner corrosion layer, and then Co3W is easily formed around Al2O3 owing to the depletion of Al element in the matrix. As a result, a fast path for O diffusion is formed in the interface between Co3W and rod Al2O3 phase, resulting in the increase of hot corrosion rate after 80h.

A new type of internal gearing transmission with high contact ratio is investigated,and the design principle and method for the tooth profile is put forward. By applying two pieces of special cycloid,the meshing circle is just between the two pitch circles. This type of gear pair is especially suitable for small tooth difference gear transmission,in the process of the gear transmission,simultaneous meshing of multiple pairs of teeth can be ensured,and the pressure angle is small,the stress state of gear teeth and axis can be significantly improved. Moreover,because only addendum involving in meshing,such defects as root cutting are avoided.Prototype test and EFM analysis show a significant performance,the driving being much more smoothly,the torque delivering capacity being much greater,and the accuracy,the stiffness and the efficiency being much higher. At the same time,a theoretical and technical support for engineering application is provided.

Research on different types of brown diamonds under high temperature and high pressure and their structural characteristics is one of the most difficult and important issues in diamond research. Previous studies on hydrogen-rich diamond mainly focused on its special growth structure and the formation environment, but rarely on the characteristics of hydrogen-rich diamond after high temperature and high pressure treatment. The spectral characteristics of the hydrogen-rich diamonds before and after high temperature and high pressure treatment, including Infrared Spectra, UV-vis Absorption Spectra, and Photoluminescence Spectra were compared and their identification characteristics were studied. Results show that the spectroscopic features are different for the samples before and after the high temperature and high pressure treatment, epecially for infrared spectra. Absorption peaks related to H and N at 3310 cm-1, 3232 cm-1, 3189 cm-1 weakened obviously or even disappeared. Moreover, the absorption peak at 2688 cm-1 related to isolated nitrogen appeared. In the UV-Vis absorption spectrum, the non-selective absorption in treated brown diamonds became the typical isolated nitrogen absorption, which means that the absorption of 550 nm to shortwave and the absorption of the center of N3 (415 nm) increased obviously. Therefore, the diamond changed from the original brown to yellow. The photoluminescence spectra before and after treatment of diamonds also vary with the types of nitrogen-related defects, peak intensities, and defect combinations. The spectral characteristics obtained not only provide a basis for the accurate identification of yellow, hydrogen-rich diamonds treated by high temperature and high pressure, but also provide a theoretical basis for explaining the change mechanism of hydrogen-and nitrogen-related lattice defects under high temperature.

Wheat starch is the main business material in wheat. It has a variety of functional characteristics and broad development and utilization prospects. This article is based on a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of wheat starch patent literature. For global patent output, the current patent situation of wheat starch is clarified from many aspects such as distribution, time latitude, and patent applicants in the technical field. We focus on analyzing the public trend of patents in China, revealing the development trend of wheat starch industry in China. At present, the research on the impact of wheat starch has been slower than before, and the development trend is stable. The research institutions are mainly domestic; however, the industrialization of wheat starch is lacking in the industrialization of the application of the application of wheat starch. There is still a large room for the industrialization of wheat starch in many fields. In this paper, the functional properties of wheat starch, such as gelatinization, retrogradation, freeze-thaw stability and gel property were summarized. According to the functional characteristics of wheat starch, the quality of wheat starch-based food was improved to broaden the development channel of wheat starch. On this basis, this article proposes the potential direction and industrialization of wheat starch industrialization and industrialization, so as to provide scientific basis for discovering the value of wheat starch and the use of development of wheat starch in various aspects of my country's wheat starch [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the electrical system of mine digging anchor machine always encounters maintaining difficulties and mechanical failure, the mainstream electrical design principles, cable introduction devices, and control methods of current anchor digging machine are studied. At the same time, programmable logic controller is selected as the main controller, and the explosion-proof electric control box is optimized and redesigned. The optimized electrical control box for anchor digging machine is composed of external structure, distribution circuit, intrinsic safety electrical circuit, motor comprehensive protection circuit, and human-machine interface. It also has the characteristics of rich interfaces, simple assembly, and convenient programming and debugging. Practical applications have shown that the use of this electric control box for the anchor digging machine is convenient for maintenance, low in failure rate, and high in excavation efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the low accuracy in pavement defect detection, this study improves the current YOLOv7 model with strong overall performances and proposes the CBAM-YOLOv7 model with fused convolutional attention module. The model accelerates the convergence process of the model through the modules of reparameterization, efficient aggregation and assisted training. In addition, the model improves the detection accuracy by fusing the convolutional attention mechanism. To address the multi-classifications of pavement defects, this study conducts experimental validation analysis by Faster R-CNN, YOLOv6, YOLOv7 and CBAM-YOLOv7 models on public datasets, and treats the values of mAP, F1, and FPS as the accuracy and efficiency evaluation indexes. The results show the mAP and F1 values of the pavement defect detection with the fused CBAM-YOLOv7 model reaches 83.75% and 67.8%, the FPS value 51.22 Hz, all of which improve markedly compared with other models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The phase-II beam line project is currently under construction at Shanghai synchrotron radiation facility (SSRF), and one of its important goals is to have the ability of pumping experiments with high time resolution. High time resolution experiments require the purity of the probe bunch to reach the order of 10-5. However, the traditional bunch-by-bunch charge measurement based on the beam position monitor has a resolution of only 10-4. Purpose This study aims to propose and implement a bunch purity measurement system for high time resolution at SSRF. Methods Based on the time-correlated single-photon counting technology, a bunch purity monitor was developed and installed on the diagnostic beam line of SSRF. An evaluation experiment was designed to verify its performance and optimize this bunch purity measurement system. Results The experimental results show that the resolution of the new bunch purity monitor can reach to 10-7 in a few minutes. Conclusion The new bunch purity measurement system is applicable to measuring the longitudinal distribution of electron bunches,and studying the effect of filling patterns on purity.

To developed clean, efficient and economical filing materials for filing Ming requirements, LCPB was prepared by mixing loess, lily ash and a certain amount of gangue. The rheological properties, flow characteristics, UCS and damage evolution law of LCPB were investigated through a series of laboratory tests and numerical simulation. The results showed that the LCPB slurry with different ratios conformed to H-B rhea logical model, yield stress increased with the increase of loess dosages (92. 41-155. 42 Pa),loess dosages is greater than 15 wt.% to meet the gangue settlement requirements, slump increased with the increase of loess dosages and then decreased(LF-1- LF-4-LF-6 : 219-276-258 mm),and 28 d compressive strength decreased with the increase of loess dosages(4. 09 -2. 14 MPa). The 28 d compressive strength decreased with the increase of loess dosages(4. 09-2. 14 MPa), and the slump and compressive strength satisfied the ailing requirements of nine. The damage mode of the filing shifted from the dominant tenia damage to the dominant shear-tendon damage with the increase of loess dosages, and the damage stage showed the characteristic of the drastic energy accumulating nan front of the peak and then transforming into the dissipative energy icing rapidly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the realm of phytoremediation for heavy metal-contaminated soil, the incorporation of exogenous activator regulation and intercropping has proven to be an efficacious method. To assess this, a pot experiment was conducted, examining the impact of exogenous additions of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), polyaspartic acid (PASP), and the combination of both (EDTA + PASP) on the remediation of Pb, Zn, and Cd contaminated soil using Solanum photeinocarpum and Pterocypsela indica. Our findings reveal that the introduction of these activators resulted in an increase in soil pH and soil organic matter content. Notably, EDTA and PASP exhibited activation and passivation effects, respectively, on the content of available heavy metals in the soil. While EDTA+PASP had a negligible impact on the content of available heavy metals, it was observed that the addition of PASP to the soil led to a significant increase in plant height for monocropped P. indica by 5.98%, fresh weight for monocropped S. photeinocarpum by 36.82%, and dry weight for intercropped S. photeinocarpum by 52.93%. Though EDTA showed limited influence on plant biomass, it exhibited the ability to activate heavy metals within the contaminated soil. Specifically, under both monocropping and intercropping conditions, EDTA facilitated the absorption of Pb and Zn by S. photeinocarpum and P. indica. This resulted in a notable increase in the extraction of Pb by 187.63% and Zn by 21.21% in the root of P. indica. Additionally, the Zn concentration in the shoot of P. indica increased by 62.29%. Meanwhile, the introduction of PASP into the soil led to a reduction in Cd content in the shoot of monocropped and intercropped P. indica by 38.88% and 58.86%, respectively. In terms of the total extraction of Pb, Zn, and Cd by plants, the hierarchy was as intercropping^. photeinocarpum>P. indica. Under EDTA treatment, the bioaccumulation factor (BCF) for Pb, Zn, and Cd ranged from 0.119 to 0.219, 0.118 to 0.142, and 5.36 to 6.28, respectively, while the translocation factor (TF) ranged from 0.472 to 2.17, 0.968 to 1.37, and 1.31 to 2.81, respectively. Across various activator treatments, EDTA notably increased the concentration of heavy metals in the leachate, with the concentration sequence being EDTA>EDTA + PASP>PASP>CK. The maximum concentrations recorded for Pb, Zn, and Cd in the leachate were 76.1 mg/L, 31.5 mg/L, and 1.53 mg/L, respectively. In summary, the results underscore the significant promotion of plant biomass by PASP and the enhancement of Pb, Zn, and Cd extraction and enrichment in soil facilitated by EDTA in both monocropping and intercropping scenarios. While EDTA exhibited potential for improving phytoremediation in Pb, Zn, and Cd-contaminated soil, it also increased the risk of downward migration of these heavy metals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melee-sized colorless HPHT synthetic diamonds mixed with natural diamonds in jewellery have been reported by gem testing laboratory. It was noted that the differences of the fluorescence and phosphorescence between natural and synthetic diamonds are the key features for quick screening in mixed diamonds. However, it is difficult to completely distinguish the two only by the differences of fluorescence and phosphorescence. In this paper, 5 colorless gem-quality HPHT synthetic diamonds were systematically investigated and characterized using mutiple spectroscopic techniques, together with traditional gem testing techniques. It was found that 5 samples display no, or weak, 270 nm absorption band at the UV-Vis spectra, and the lower the color grade, the stronger the 270 nm absorption band. Infrared absorption spectra showed that all samples contain boron. The photoluminescence spectra revealed that the colorless HPHT synthetic diamonds contain N, Ni or Si-related lattice defects. Under irradiation of the ultra-short wavelength light, all samples phosphoresced strongly with blue-green color. Typical octahedral and cubic growth patterns can be clearly observed under the DiamondViewTM imaging system. Although there are some differences between the samples, the HPHT synthetic diamonds can be accurately identified through careful analysis combining all features, particularly the spectral charateristics of phosphorescence and fluorescence, FTIR, UV-Vis, and photoluminescence spectra.

The preparation of g-C3N4/mesoporous TiO2 composite catalyst by sol-gel blending method was studied and used in photocatalyctic reduction of Cr(VI). The photocatalyctic reduction performance and stability of g-C3 N4/mesoporous TiO2 were analyzed. The results show that the optimal doping ratio of g-C3N4, to mesoporous TiO2 is 1 : 5,and the specific surface area of g-C3N4/mesoporous TiO2 is 137.061 m²/g. The absorpion boundary redshfts to the vssible regon,and the band-gap width ss 2. 64 eV. The photocatalyic reducion rate of g-C3N4/mesoporous TiO2 is up to 100% under the conditions of mial Cr(VI) mass concentration of 1 mg/L,soluion pH = 5, catalyst dosage of 1. 6 g/L and no inorganic ions added for 45 min. under visible light irradiation, g-C3N4/mesoporous TiO2 can produce photogenerated electrons, which can reduce Cr(VI) adsorbed on the sufface of the catalyst to Cr (III). The reduction reaction is in line with the first-order reaction kinetics model. The photocatalytic reduction rate of the catalyst remains above 83% after 7 cycles, and it has potenial application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy metal pollution on urban roads is an important problem for the city environment. Lead pollution characteristics in the dusts around urban roads has been studied and assessed in Shihezi, west China. Pb concentrations and Pb isotopic compositions in dusts were measured using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The Geoaccumulation Index was applied to the assessment of the degree of Pb pollution. The results show that the range of lead concentrations in the dusts is 19.36-84.63 mg/kg (mean concentration: 37.85 mg/kg), which is higher than the local soil background value and lower than values in other big cities in China. The results indicate that a considerable Pb contamination in the Shihezi city environment was significantly affected by anthropogenic activities. The range of the Geoaccumulation Index is -0.59-1.54 (average value is 0.30), indicating that Pb is at the lightly to moderately polluted' level. The Pb isotope ratios in dusts (206Pb/207Pb: 1.159-1.182 and 208Pb/207Pb: 2.391-2.457) were similar to those in coal combustion and building materials.

An image and video resizing algorithm was proposed based on importance map diffusion and adaptive scaling.It compromised between the protections of image content and important regions.To avoid the image distortion by exces-sive deletion of un-important regions,the importance of current row and column was spread to their neighboring pixels.To protect importance regions,different weighting coefficients were allocated to every row and column in terms of their importance by adaptive scaling function.Moreover,it was also effective for video resizing by incorporating the constraint of temporal coherency.Experimental results show that compared with other techniques such as cropping and seam carv-ing,satisfactory results were achieved by the proposed approach.

The characteristics of various video forgery operations and their influences to video passive forensics were analyzed.From two aspects of authenticity and source identifications,typical approaches in passive video forensics,such as those video forgery trails-based and video capturing device-based techniques,are summarized.The main problems ex-iting in current research field and some urgent topics for future research are also investigated in detail.

A comprehensive study on the temporal and spatial distribution of H2S accumulations and the geochemical characteristics of sour gas fields (reservoirs) in the Sichuan Basin has been conducted. It has been followed by a series of carefully designed simulation experiments to elucidate an H2S formation mechanism which is able to predict the distribution of H2S. In some reservoirs, for example P2ch(T1f, have sufficient magnesic SO42( and abundant hydrocarbons (palaeo pools) present at sufficiently high temperatures to cause thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). This is the major origin of abundant H2S in large to medium scale gas fields. The formation mechanism of highly sour gas fields (reservoirs) is an in-situ reaction under conditions where sufficient source, enough energy supply, suitable reservoir volume and severely reducing environments occur. However, in some areas or strata, such as slope belts or on continental shelf deposits, or formations such as the Jialingjia and Leikoupo Formations, which are dominantly compact carbonatite and have contemporaneously different facies, it is difficult to form abundant H2S. These formations lack a source of sulphur and energy compared to the P2ch(T1f reef flat facies reservoirs. Even though highly sour natural gas migrating from the P2ch(T1f reservoirs is present, H2S is often consumed due to long distance migration and results in hydrocarbon-rich sweet natural gas. This study predicts that the Heichiliang reef flat facies sedimentary zone in northeastern Sichuan to have highly sour natural gas reservoirs. 摘要: ： 通过对四川盆地含硫天然气田（藏）时空分布、地球化学特征及模拟实验结果等的综合研究，揭示H2S形成机理并进行分布预测。P2ch—T1f储集层中足够的含镁SO42-溶液和丰富的烃类（古油藏）在高温条件下发生硫酸盐热化学还原反应（TSR）是四川盆地大中型天然气田中大量H2S形成的主要途径；充足的物源基础、足够的能量供给、适宜的储集空间和苛刻的还原环境下发生的原地反应是高含硫天然气田（藏）形成的主要机制。而以与P2ch—T1f礁滩相储集层同期异相的致密碳酸盐岩为主的斜坡带、陆棚内部以及嘉陵江组、雷口坡组等因缺乏物源、能量等难以形成高丰度H2S，即使有自P2ch—T1f储集层运移而来的高含硫天然气，也因远距离运移H2S被消耗而变为富烃低硫天然气。预测川东北黑池梁礁滩相沉积区有发育高含硫天然气藏的可能性。图4表3参30 Key words: northeastern Sichuan, H2S, TSR, enrichment mechanism, highly sour gas field

For the low bit-rate H.264/AVC video stream,a content authentication scheme was proposed by using semi-fragile watermarking.The energy relationship between two groups of DCT blocks in I frame was utilized to generate content based feature code,which was embedded into low-magnitude DCT coefficients by modifying their signs according to their distribution.An error norm function was introduced to keep the bit-rate relatively stable.Moreover,the frame numbers of P frames were embedded into AC coefficients by utilizing the statistical properties of positive and negative signs.Tamper detection was realized by comparing the extracted watermark and reconstructed authentication code.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

A fast transcoding scheme based on region of interest（ROI） was proposed for mobile video terminals.According to the target displaying size,the ROIs were automatically detected from the input H.264 video stream based on visual attention model in the video server.The video stream was automatically generated at the proxy server by video transcoding for mobile terminals.Moreover,a fast mode decision algorithm was proposed for video transcoding.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can not only reduce the bandwidth occupation,but also obtain excellent video quality with a low computational complexity.

Dens invaginatus (DI) is a developmental anomaly as a result of a deepening or invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla during tooth development. In addition, DI is a malformation with varying anatomical features, which poses numerous challenges to treatment. Endodontic treatment of dens in dente is one of the most complicated cases of DI. Herein, an immature lateral incisor that employed regenerative endodontic treatment was presented. The mentioned tooth was diagnosed with DI, pulp necrosis, and chronic apical periodontitis. Hence, a favorable prognosis has been shown by a 2-year review with cone beam computed tomography. The tooth was functional with normal periodontal parameters and exhibited a normal response to the electric pulp sensibility test. Thus, regenerative endodontic treatment can also be recommended to endodontists for teeth with DI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the analysis of the difference between the newest video coding standard H.264 and the earlier video-coding standard,the advances in the key technologies for H.264 video transcoding,which was directly conducted in the compressed domain,were systematically discussed.They were classified into four categories: DCT-to-HT coeffi-cients conversion,fast motion re-estimation and refinement,inter/intra coding mode decision and rate control.Future di-rections on this topic were also prospected.

In order to study the effect of microplastics on the remediation of heavy metal polluted soil by hyperaccumulators, the effects of polyethylene (PE) microplastic (0, 0.01%, 0.1%, 1% w/w) and Cd (0, 5, 15, 30 mg/kg) on the growth and Cd accumulation of Solanum photeinocarpum were studied by pot experiment in greenhouse. The results showed that 0.1% and 1% PE could significantly reduce soil pH and improve the bioavailability of Cd compared with single Cd treatment. The combined treatment of 5 mg/kg Cd and PE significantly reduced the biomass of S. photeinocarpum, increased the Cd content in the tissue of S. photeinocarpum, and the Cd content increased with the increase of PE concentration. However, all treatments had no significant effect on the accumulation of Cd in S. photeinocarpum. The results showed that the growth and absorption of Cd by S. photeinocarpum were different with PE concentration and Cd concentration. In a word, in-depth study of the impact of microplastics on the efficiency of hyperaccumulation phytoremediation is of great significance to expand the practical application of phytoremediation of soil heavy metal pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the effects of starch on the growth, feed utilization, digestive enzyme activity, liver biochemical indexes and liver histology of brown trout juveniles, six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated with corn starch and cassava starch at three levels of 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively, to feed brown trout juveniles with an initial body weight of (0.50±0.03) g for 84 days. The results indicated that the weight gain rate (WGR) first increased and then decreased, while the feed coefficient ratio (FCR) showed an opposite trend with the increasing dietary starch level (P<0.05). The 10% cassava starch group had the highest WGR (518.8%) and the lowest FCR (1.32). There were no significant differences in the survival, viscera-body ratio, condition factor, and body composition among the groups (P>0.05). The crude protein retention decreased with the increasing starch level, and the 15% starch group had significantly lower values than that of the other groups (P<0.05). While the lipid retention first increased and then decreased with the increasing dietary starch level, and the 10% cassava starch group showed significantly higher lipid retention than that of the 10% corn starch group (P<0.05). The starch types and levels did not significantly affect the activities of pepsin, gastric amylase, liver alanine aminotransferase, liver aspartate aminotransferase, and the contents of total cholesterol and triglycerides in liver (P>0.05), while the activities of intestinal amylase and protease in 15% starch group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P<0.05). The 15% starch groups showed significantly higher liver glycogen content and more nucleus shift and cell vacuolation than the other groups. In conclusion, the suitable diet for brown trout juveniles was suggested to be 10% cassava starch under the experimental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]