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To investigate the predictive value of serum homocysteine (Hcy) and ferritin(SF) levels in early pregnancy for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: According to the results of 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT) at 24~28 weeks of pregnancy, 412 pregnant women were divided into GDM group (n=96) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n=316). The general data of pregnant women were collected, and the levels of serum Hcy and ferritin were detected at 6-14 weeks of pregnancy. The two groups's clinical data were compared. The risk factors of GDM was analysed by Logistic analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive ability of relevant indicators for GDM. Results: Compared with the NGT group, the pregnant women in the GDM group were older, and the levels of BMI, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, triglyceride, serum Hcy and ferritin before pregnancy were higher (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that older age, higher pre-pregnancy BMI, higher HbA1 c level, higher serum Hcy level and higher ferritin level were risk factors for GDM (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that serum Hcy and ferritin had certain predictive ability for GDM, and their AUCs were 0.753 and 0.746, respectively. The prediction efficiency of the combined prediction model is greater, and its AUC is as high as 0.917. Conclusion: The increase of serum Hcy and ferritin levels in early pregnancy is related to the pathogenesis of GDM, which can be used as a predictive biomarker for GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the causal relationship between gut microbiota and gestational diabetes, and to clarify its mechanism. Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted by using summary data from genome-wide association study (GWAS) for gut microbiota and gestational diabetes. The GWAS data of gut microbiota were obtained from a GWAS study from the MiBioGen consortium; the GWAS data on gestational diabetes were sourced from the FinnGen consortium’s publicly available R8 dataset; inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the primary method to detect the causal association between the gut microbiota and the gestational diabetes. Sensitivity analysis was performed by Weighted Median and MR Egger methods; heterogeneity and pleiotropy were detected by Cochran’s Q, MR-PRESSO, Egger intercept tests and Leave-One-Out analysis; multivariable MR was used to adjust for the effect of body mass index (BMI); reverse MR was used to explore the presence of reverse causal associations; Gene Ontology (GO) fuctional and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling enrichment analyses were used to explore the potential pathways through which gut microbiota may have impact on gestational diabetes. Results: Four gut microbes were found to be causally associated with gestational diabetes: the genus Methanobrevibacter and the phylum Euryarchaeota displayed negative causal relationships with the risk of gestational diabetes, while the genus Olsenella and genus Lachnoclostridium exhibited positive causal associations. No significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was detected in the analysis. The reverse MR analysis did not reveal any causal relationship. After adjusting for BMI, the multivariable MR analysis results showed there were the causal associations between the genus Olsenella and the phylum Euryarchaeota with the risk of gestational diabetes. The GO fuctional and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analyses results showed that axon development, axon production, insulin secretion and other pathways were significantly enriched. Conclusion: There are causal associations between four gut microbes and gestational diabetes. Among them, the significant correlations with gestational diabetes are still observed in phylum Euryarchaeota and genus Olsenella after adjusting for BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the effects of insulin aspart combined with different courses of Bifidobacterium triple viable enteric capsule on insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and delivery outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: Totally 400 patients with GDM admitted into the hospital from Jan. 2021 to May 2023 were extracted to be divided into the group A, group B, group C and control group via the random number table method, with 100 cases in each group. The control group was treated with insulin aspart, the group A received insulin aspart combined with short-course Bifidobacterium triple viable enteric capsule (4 weeks), the group B was given insulin aspart combined with medium-course Bifidobacterium triple viable enteric capsule (8 weeks), and the group C was treated with insulin aspart combined with long-course Bifidobacterium triple viable enteric capsule (12 weeks). Changes of lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and delivery outcome were observed in four groups after treatment. RESULTS: After treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2 h blood glucose (2 hBG), fasting insulin (FINS), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in four groups were lower than those before treatment, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher than those before treatment, with statistically significant differences (P<0. 05). Inter-group comparison showed that FINS, HOMA-IR, TG, TC, LDL-C in the group B and group C were lower than those in the group A and control group, HDL-C was higher than that in the group A and control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0. 05). There was no statistically significant difference among four groups in FBG and 2 hBG (P> 0. 05). Difference in FINS, HOMA-IR, TG, TC, LDL-C between the group B and group C, the group A and control group were not statistically significant (P>0. 05). The incidence of poor pregnancy outcomes in control group, group A, group B and group C was respectively 41. 0% (41 / 100), 38. 0% (38 / 100), 15. 0% (15 / 100) and 17. 0% (17 / 100); the incidence of poor neonatal outcomes was respectively 42. 0% (42 / 100), 35. 0% (35 / 100), 13. 0% (13 / 100) and 14. 0% (14 / 100); compared with group A and control group, the incidence of poor pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes in group B and group C was lower, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). CONCLUSIONS: There are some differences in insulin resistance, lipid metabolism and pregnancy outcome of patients with GDM with the same course of Bifidobacterium triple viable enteric capsule, among which 8 weeks of treatment is the best treatment course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is approximately 13. 4% and is expected to increase annually. However, the precise mechanism behind GDM remains to be established. Increasing evidence suggests that insulin resistance (IR) and β-cell impairment are key factors in the pathogenesis of GDM. Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is characterized by the activation of the unfolded protein response through three key endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane proteins: protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). ERS is implicated in IR in adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and placenta, and also plays a crucial role in β-cell impairment through processes such as apopto-sis, pyroptosis, and autophagy. Therefore, targeting ERS could be a potential therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of GDM. This review explores the potential role of ERS in IR and β-cell dysfunction in GDM, and provides evidence for the preventive and intervention effects of bioactive compounds on GDM based on the ERS pathway. This aims to enhance our understanding of the molecular pathological basis of GDM and offer new strategies for its prevention and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the characteristics of GBS infections in pregnant women in late pregnancy, associated factors, and their impact on reproductive tract microbiology, pregnancy outcomes. Methods: From June 2022 to June 2023, 982 late-pregnant pregnant women admitted to Yubei People's Hospital in Chongqing who received vaginal secretion examination, according to GBS infection, were divided into infected (98 cases) and uninfected (884 cases) groups. Factors influencing GBS infection in pregnant women in late pregnancy analyzed using univariate and Logistic regression, and the detection of genital tract microorganisms and pregnancy outcomes between the infected and uninfected groups were compared. Results: Age, body mass index (BMI), presence of preconception examination, presence of combined gestational hypertension, presence of combined gestational diabetes mellitus, and presence of vaginal and cervical inflammation were statistically different between the infected group and the uninfected group (P<0.05). Age ≥35 years, BMI ≥28 kg/m², combined gestational hypertension, combined gestational diabetes mellitus, and the presence of vaginal and cervical inflammation were the independent risk factors (OR=2.477, 3.077, 4.586, 3.540, and 2.942, P<0.05); and that pre-pregnancy checkups were the protective factor (OR=0.465, P<0.05). The detection rates of trichomonas, fungi, vaginosis and the incidence of premature rupture of membranes, intrauterine distress, neonatal pneumonia, and neonatal jaundice were higher in the infected group when compared to the uninfected group (P<0.05). Conclusion: GBS infection in pregnant women in late pregnancy were associated with age ≥35 years, BMI ≥28 kg/m², comorbid gestational hypertension, comorbid gestational diabetes mellitus, presence of vaginal and cervical inflammation, and pre-pregnancy checkups, and GBS infection could affect the microenvironment of the reproductive tract and cause the development of adverse pregnancy outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition) is the property of Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Sciences) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pregnancy-related diseases refer to specific diseases during or related to pregnancy. Their complex pathogenesis and multiple etiologies may lead to various adverse consequences for pregnant women and newborns, and there is no effective treatment at present. As an important metabolite of intestinal microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) not only maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosal epithelium, but also play an important role in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism, immune inflammation and so on. In recent years, the mechanisms by which pregnancy-related diseases are associated with gut microbiota have been extensively studied. Intestinal flora and metabolites can be used as new biomarkers to provide new ideas for diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-related diseases. This article reviewed the relationship and mechanism between SCFAs and pregnancy-related diseases, so as to achieve the purpose of early diagnosis and intervention of adverse pregnancy outcomes and improve the prognosis of mothers and children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of gestational diabetes, maternal weight gain during pregnancy and feeding methods on early neurodevelopmental delays in offspring. Methods The study used a retrospective cohort study to analyze the general information of 8023 mothers and their offspring. Logistic and linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between gestational diabetes, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, feeding methods, and neurodevelopmental delays in their offspring. Results In this study, the average maternal age in the cohort was (29.46 ± 4.57) years, and the pre-pregnancy BMI was (21.38 ± 3.09). Among the newborns, 4450 (55.5%) were male, 4351 (54.2%) were breastfed, and 735 (9.2%) were low birth weight. After adjustment, artificial feeding was positively correlated with delayed neurobehavioral development [OR = 1.70, (95% CI: 1.24 ~ 2.33) ]. Moreover, gestational diabetes, inadequate gestational weight gain and artificial feeding negatively correlated with developmental quotient [β = -0.44, 95% CI: -0.87 ~ -0.008; β = -0.73, 95% CI: -1.25 ~ -0.22; β = -0.80, 95% CI: -1.34 ~ -0.26]. Maternal gestational diabetes was significantly associated with delay in gross motor skills and social abilities in their offspring. Inadequate maternal weight gain during pregnancy was associated with delay in all five domains of neurodevelopment in their offspring. Moreover, artificial feeding was associated with all five domains of neurodevelopmental delays in the offspring. Conclusion Maternal inadequate weight gain during pregnancy and artificial feeding are risk factors for neurodevelopmental delay in offspring. Maternal gestational diabetes was associated with delayed gross motor and social skill in their offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To explore the effect of insulin aspart, insulin detemir or insulin glargine combined with metformin on pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus. Methods: 400 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were randomly collected as the study subjects and were divided into control group (n=100), trial group A (n=100), trial group B (n=100) and trial group C (n=100) according to simple randomization method. The control group was treated with oral metformin, and trial groups A,B and C were given insulin aspart, insulin detemir or insulin glargine combined with metformin respectively. The delivery mode, time of each stage of labor, body mass index (BMI), levels of random blood glucose, visfatin and adiponectin, incidence rates of pregnancy complications and neonatal outcomes were compared among the four groups. Results: The natural delivery rate in trial groups A, B and C was higher than that in control group (P＜0.05), and the natural delivery rate in trail group A was higher than that in trial groups B and C (P＜0.05), but there was no difference between trial group B and trial group C (P＞0.05) . There were no differences in the time of the first stage of labor, time of the second stage of labor and time of the third stage of labor among control group and trail groups A, B and C (P＞0.05) . The BMI, random blood glucose, visfatin and adiponectin in trial groups A, B and C were lower than those in control group (P＜0.05), and the levels of BMI, random blood glucose, visfatin and adiponectin in trial group A were lower than those in trial groups B and C (P＜0.05) . There were no differences in BMI, random blood glucose, visfatin and adiponectin between trial group B and trial group C (P＞0.05) . The incidence rates of pregnancy complications were lower in trial groups A, B and C than those in control group (P＜0.05),and were lower in trial group A than those in trial groups B and C (P＜0.05), but there were no differences between trial group B and trial group C (P＞0.05) . The incidence rates of neonatal adverse outcomes in trial groups A, B and C were lower than those in control group (P＜0.05), and the incidence rates of neonatal adverse outcomes in trial group A were lower than those in trial groups B and C (P＜0.05),but there were no differences in the incidence rates of neonatal adverse outcomes between trial group B and trial group C (P＞0.05) .Conclusion: Insulin aspart, insulin detemir or insulin glargine combined with metformin can improve the natural delivery rate of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus, reduce the BMI, random blood glucose, visfatin and adiponectin, lower the incidence rates of pregnancy complications, and improve the neonatal adverse outcomes, and insulin aspart has the best efficacy and has strong clinical promotion value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the correlation analysis of serum cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), forkhead Box O1 (FoxO1), NOD-like receptor rec pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and insulin resistance (IR) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their effects on pregnancy outcome. Methods: 136 patients with GDM who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University from December 2019 to August 2022 were selected as the GDM group. According to the pregnancy outcome, they were divided into poor outcome group (42 cases) and good outcome group (94 cases), and 55 healthy pregnant women were selected as the control group. Clinical data of patients with GDM were collected, serum CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 levels were detected, and homeostasis model assessment - Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Pearson was used to analyze the correlation between serum CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 levels and HOMA-IR in patients with GDM, and multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of poor pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM. The predictive value of serum CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 levels for adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Compared with the control group, serum CREB, FoxO1, NLRP3 levels and HOMA-IR in the GDM group elevated (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 levels in patients with GDM were positively correlated with HOMA-IR (all P<0.001). The incidence of poor pregnancy outcomes in 136 patients with GDM was 30.88%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that elevated HOMA-IR, CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 were the risk factors for poor pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the combined prediction of serum CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 levels for poor pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM was greater than that of CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 alone. Conclusion: Elevated serum CREB, FoxO1 and NLRP3 levels are closely related to IR and poor pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM, which may be the auxiliary predictors of poor pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of singleton pregnant women with preeclampsia and with different prenatal body mass index（BMI）, and analyze the relative risk of prenatal BMI as a risk factor for adverse outcomes. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 479 singleton pregnant women with preeclampsia that delivered in Nanfang Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021. They were divided into group A （BMI < 26 kg/m²）, group B （26 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m²）, group C （28 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²）, group D （30 ≤ BMI < 32 kg/m²）, and group E （BMI≥32 kg/m²） according to prenatal BMI. The general situation, pregnancy complications and pregnancy outcomes in each group were compared. Results The proportion of adverse outcomes such as severe preeclampsia, placental abruption, fetal growth restriction, and NICU transfer ratio in group A was increased, and these patients terminated pregnancy earlier. In group E, the proportion of cesarean delivery, gestational diabetes and macrosomia was increased, and there was more blood loss during operation and 24 hours after delivery. Patients of Group C had the lowest proportion of induced abortion or stillbirth. Compared with group C, BMI ≥ 32 kg/m² was a risk factor for gestational diabetes; BMI < 26 kg/m² was a risk factor for placental abruption and fetal growth restriction, while BMI < 26 kg/m² or BMI ≥30 kg/m² was the risk factor for the neonatals′ NICU admission. Conclusion There is correlation between prenatal BMI and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with preeclampsia, and the appropriate range of BMI is 26 ~ 30 kg/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum cortistatin (CST), sortilin, human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) and glucose metabolism disorder, insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their effect on pregnancy outcome. Methods: 333 cases of patients with GDM who were admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to May 2021 were selected as the study group, and 42 cases of healthy pregnant women with normal gestational glucose tolerance during the same period were selected as the control group. Glucose metabolism indexes, insulin resistance indexes, and serum CST, sortilin, and HLA-G levels of subjects were compared between the two groups. The correlation between glucose metabolism, insulin resistance indexes and serum CST, sortilin and HLA-G levels was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis method. The patients with GDM were divided into poor outcome group and good outcome group according to the pregnancy outcome during the follow-up period, and the differences in serum CST, sortilin, HLA-G levels and clinical data were compared between the two groups, and Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM. Results: The proportion of family history of diabetes, complicated hyperlipidemia and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 1h postprandial blood glucose (1hPG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), fasting insulin (FINS), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and sortilin levels in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05), and the serum CST and HLA-G levels in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Serum CST and HLA-G of patients with GDM were negatively correlated with FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, FINS, and HOMA-IR (P<0.05), and serum sortilin was positively correlated with FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, FINS and HOMA-IR (P<0.05). The incidence of poor pregnancy outcome in the study group was 15.32%. The proportion of age ≥35 years old, 1 month before pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m², adverse pregnancy history, family history of diabetes, complicated hyperlipidemia, poor blood glucose control and serum sortilin level in the poor outcome group were higher than those in the good outcome group, and serum CST and HLA-G levels were lower than those in the good outcome group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years old, 1 month before pregnancy BMI ≥24 kg/m², poor blood glucose control, low serum CST level, high serum sortilin level and low serum HLA-G level were risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Serum CST, sortilin and HLA-G in patients with GDM are closely related to glucose metabolism disorder, insulin resistance and poor pregnancy outcome, suggesting that while strengthening blood glucose monitoring and control, the detection of serum CST, sortilin and HLA-G is helpful for evaluating the condition of patients with GDM and predicting the risk of poor pregnancy outcome. Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum cortistatin (CST), sortilin, human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) and glucose metabolism disorder, insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their effect on pregnancy outcome. Methods: 333 cases of patients with GDM who were admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to May 2021 were selected as the study group, and 42 cases of healthy pregnant women with normal gestational glucose tolerance during the same period were selected as the control group. Glucose metabolism indexes, insulin resistance indexes, and serum CST, sortilin, and HLA-G levels of subjects were compared between the two groups. The correlation between glucose metabolism, insulin resistance indexes and serum CST, sortilin and HLA-G levels was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis method. The patients with GDM were divided into poor outcome group and good outcome group according to the pregnancy outcome during the follow-up period, and the differences in serum CST, sortilin, HLA-G levels and clinical data were compared between the two groups, and Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM. Results: The proportion of family history of diabetes, complicated hyperlipidemia and the fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 1h postprandial blood glucose (1hPG), 2h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), fasting insulin (FINS), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and sortilin levels in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P＜0.05), and the serum CST and HLA-G levels in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P＜0.05). Serum CST and HLA-G of patients with GDM were negatively correlated with FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, FINS, and HOMA-IR (P<0.05), and serum sortilin was positively correlated with FPG, 2hPG, HbAlc, FINS and HOMA-IR (P<0.05). The incidence of poor pregnancy outcome in the study group was 15.32%. The proportion of age ≥35 years old, 1 month before pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥24 kg/m², adverse pregnancy history, family history of diabetes, complicated hyperlipidemia, poor blood glucose control and serum sortilin level in the poor outcome group were higher than those in the good outcome group, and serum CST and HLA-G levels were lower than those in the good outcome group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years old, 1 month before pregnancy BMI ≥24 kg/m², poor blood glucose control, low serum CST level, high serum sortilin level and low serum HLA-G level were risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Serum CST, sortilin and HLA-G in patients with GDM are closely related to glucose metabolism disorder, insulin resistance and poor pregnancy outcome, suggesting that while strengthening blood glucose monitoring and control, the detection of serum CST, sortilin and HLA-G is helpful for evaluating the condition of patients with GDM and predicting the risk of poor pregnancy outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common female disorder with reproductive, endocrine and metabolic features. Women with PCOS and anovulatory infertility could be offered in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) as fertility treatment. A significantly increased risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, miscarriage, very preterm delivery, gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders has been reported to be associated with PCOS in women undergoing IVF. Pharmacological pretreatment before IVF may improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with PCOS. According to review, it is found that preconditioning with oral contraceptives, metformin, inositol, growth hormone, or vitamin D, or during controlled ovulation, could improve IVF outcomes in patients with PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective : To investigate the relationship between serum fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and neonatal outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: 147 pregnant women at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation who were examined in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted for all patients. According to the OGTT results, they were divided into GDM group (n=86) and non-GDM group (n=61). GDM group was divided into poor group (n=21) and good group (n=65) according to neonatal outcome. The serum FGF2, FGF21, FGF23 levels and neonatal outcome in the non-GDM group and the GDM group were compared. Serum FGF2, FGF21 and FGF23 levels in the poor group and the good group were compared. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of neonatal outcome in patients with GDM. Results: The serum FGF2, FGF21 and FGF23 levels in the GDM group were higher than those in the non-GDM group (P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse neonatal outcome in the GDM group was higher than that in the non-GDM group (P<0.05). The serum FGF2, FGF21 and FGF23 levels in the poor group were higher than those in the good group (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that adverse neonatal outcome in patients with GDM were related to age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), pre-delivery BMI, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2h post-meal blood glucose (2hPG), fasting insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) (P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that higher age, higher FPG, higher pre-pregnancy BMI, higher 2hPG, higher pre-delivery BMI, higher HOMA-IR, higher FGF2, higher FINS, higher FGF21 and higher FGF23 were all risk factors for poor neonatal outcome in patients with GDM (P<0. 05). Conclusion: The serum FGF2, FGF21 and FGF23 levels in patients with GDM are elevated, which together with higher age, pre-pregnancy BMI, pre-delivery BMI, FPG, 2hPG, FINS and HOMA-IR are risk factors for adverse neonatal outcome in patients with GDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To analyze the changes of serum lipid levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the relationship between serum lipid levels during pregnancy and GDM, neonatal birth weight and cord-blood C-peptide. Methods In this case-control study, clinical data of 673 pregnant women were collected. According to the results of 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in the second trimester (Tr2), 673 pregnant women were divided into the GDM group (n = 150) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group (n = 523) . The risk factors of GDM were identified by Logistic regression analysis. The correlation between serum lipid level, neonatal weight and cord-blood C-peptide in GDM pregnant women was analyzed by Spearman correlation. Results During the first trimester (Tr1), triglyceride (TG) level was higher and lipoprotein (a) ［Lp (a) ］level was lower in the GDM group than those in the NGT group. During Tr2, TC and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the GDM group were lower compared with those in the NGT group. In the third trimester (Tr3), TG level and apolipoprotein A1/B (ApoA1/B) ratio were higher and ApoB level was lower in the GDM group than those in the NGT group, with statistical significance (all P < 0.05) . Age (OR = 1.111, 95%CI = 1.065-1.158, P < 0.001) and Lp (a) in Tr1 (OR = 0.660, 95%CI = 0.454-0.960, P = 0.030) were the independent factors of the incidence of GDM. Neonatal birth weight was negatively correlated with age (rs = -0.253, P = 0.013), whereas positively correlated with postpartal body mass index (BMI) (rs = 0.241, P = 0.017), gestational weight gain (GWG) (rs = 0.270, P = 0.017) and gestational age at delivery (rs = 0.34, P = 0.001) . In Tr1 and Tr3, neonatal birth weight was positively correlated with TG and ApoB levels, whereas negatively correlated with ApoA1/B ratio. Neonatal birth weight was positively correlated with ApoE level in Tr3 (rs = 0.227, P = 0.025) . Neonatal cord-blood C-peptide level was negatively correlated with ApoE levels in Tr2 (rs = -0.218, P = 0.038) and Tr3 (rs = -0.227, P = 0.031) . Conclusions Pregnant women with GDM develop lipid metabolism disorder in Tr1. During pregnancy, monitoring the changes in blood lipids and maintaining normal blood lipid levels can effectively control the complications during pregnancy and mitigate the effect of adverse pregnancy outcomes on mother and neonate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of pomegranate peel polyphenols on insulin resistance (IR) and oxidative stress injury in pregnant diabetes rats. Methods: Five pregnant rats were randomly divided into control group, model group and PPPs group with 15 rats each. GDM model rats were prepared by intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg streptozotocin in model group and PPPs group, and normal saline was injected intraperitoneal in control group. After the model was successfully prepared, rats in the PPPs group were given 300 mg/kg PPPs by gavage, and rats in the control group and the model group were given equal volumes of normal saline by gavage. HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr) and urine β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney damage molecules-1 (KIM-1) in the fasting tail vein blood were detected at 14 days after administration. The homeostasis model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was caculated. Results: Serum HbA1c, FBG, FINS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, hs-CRP, MDA, UA, BUN, SCR, urine NAG and KIM-1, HOMA-IR of rats in model group and PPPs group were higher than those in the control group, while the activities of SOD and CAT were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Serum HbA1c, FBG, FINS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, hs-CRP, MDA, UA, BUN, SCR, urine NAG and KIM-1, HOMA-IR of rats in PPPs group were lower than those in the model group, while the activities of SOD and CAT were higher than those in the model group (P<0.05). Conclusions: PPPs can significantly reduce insulin resistance and oxidative stress levels in pregnant diabetes rats, and improve blood sugar and kidney damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of incision infection after cesarean section in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to explore the predictive value of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) on the infection risk. Methods: 253 patients with GDM who underwent cesarean section in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected, and they were divided into infection group and non-infection group according to whether incision infection occurred after cesarean section. Serum PCT and HbA1c levels were detected. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of incision infection after cesarean section in patients with GDM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum PCT and HbA1c on incision infection after cesarean section in patients with GDM. Results: The incidence of incision infection after cesarean section in 253 patients with GDM was 15.02% (38/253). Univariate analysis showed that age greater than or equal to 35 years, operation time≥ 1 h, intraoperative blood loss greater than or equal to 500 mL, anal examination/vaginal examination≥ 3 times, amniotic fluid contamination, premature rupture of membranes, genital tract inflammation ratio, PCT and HbA1c in the infection group were higher than in the non-infection group, and the proportion of prophylactic use of antibiotics was lower than that in the non-infection group (all p<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that operation time≥ 1 h, anal examination/vaginal examination≥ 3 times, amniotic fluid contamination, premature rupture of membranes, genital tract inflammation, increased PCT, and increased HbA1c were independent risk factors for incision infection after cesarean section in patients with GDM (P<0.05). Prophylactic use of antibiotics was an independent protective factor (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of serum PCT and HbA1c in predicting incision infection after cesarean section in patients with GDM were 0.797, 0.774 and 0.875, respectively. Conclusion: Operation time, prophylactic use of antibiotics, anal examination/vaginal examination, ammiotic fluid contamination, premature rupture of membranes, genital tract inflammation, PCT and HbA1c are the influencing factors of incision infection after cesarean section in patients with GDM. The combined preoperative serum PCT and HbA1c has a high value in predicting incision infection after cesarean section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Snail1 gene expression in oxidative stress and liver injury in rats with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: Thirty-two healthy adult C57BL/6 female rats were used as the research object. The rat model of gestational diabetes mellitus was established by high-fat feeding combined with low-dose streptozotocin injection. All rats were divided into normal pregnancy group, normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group, gestational diabetes mellitus group, gestational diabetes+Snail1 overexpression group. The m RNA expression level of Snail1 was detected by qRT-PCR, and the gestational weight, oxidative stress, inflammation and liver function of rats were detected. Results: Compared with the normal pregnancy group, the weight of pregnant mice, fetal weight, placenta weight and Snail1 m RNA in the normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group, gestational diabetes mellitus group and gestational diabetes +Snail1 overexpression group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). The gestational diabetes mellitus+Snail1 overexpression group had higher gestational diabetes mellitus +Snail1 overexpression group than the normal pregnancy +Snail1overexpression group and gestational diabetes mellitus group (P＜0.05). Compared with normal pregnancy group, FBG, FINS and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group, gestational diabetes mellitus group and gestational diabetes +Snail1 overexpression group (P＜0.05). FBG, FINS and HOMA-IR in gestational diabetes mellitus +Snail1 overexpression group were higher than those in normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group and gestational diabetes mellitus group (P＜0.05). Compared with normal pregnancy group, ROS, GSH-Px and MDA in normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group, gestational diabetes mellitus group and gestational diabetes +Snail1 overexpression group were higher (P＜0.05). The ROS, GSH-Px and MDA of gestational diabetes mellitus +Snail1 overexpression group were higher than those of normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group and gestational diabetes mellitus group (P＜0.05). Compared with normal pregnancy group, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 in normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group, gestational diabetes mellitus group and gestational diabetes +Snail1 overexpression group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). Tnf-α, IL-1β and IL-18 in gestational diabetes +Snail1 overexpression group were higher than those in normal pregnancy+Snail1 overexpression group and gestational diabetes group (P＜0.05). Compared with the normal pregnancy group, the GPT, GOT and ALP of the normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group, gestational diabetes mellitus group and gestational diabetes +Snail1 overexpression group were higher (P＜0.05). GPT, GOT and ALP in gestational diabetes +Snail1 overexpression group were higher than those in normal pregnancy +Snail1 overexpression group and gestational diabetes group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The up-regulation of Snail1 gene in GDM rats can aggravate the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism, activate downstream oxidative stress and inflammation, and further aggravate liver injury in rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of LncRNA-NEAT1 on JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, inflammatory response and pregnancy outcome in hypertensive rats during pregnancy. Methods: The hypertensive rat model of pregnancy was established by injecting L-arginine methyl ester. The protein expression of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was detected by Western blot. Inflammatory factors and vascular endothelial injury factors were detected by ELISA. Proteinuria, caudal venous pressure and stillbirth rate were observed and recorded. Results: Compared with blank group, the protein expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3 in model group, LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group and LncRNA-NEAT1 inhibition group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). Compared with model group, the protein expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3 in LncRNA-NEAT1 inhibition group were significantly lower (P＜0.05), while the protein expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3 in LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). Compared with blank group, the levels of ET-1 and s ICAM-1 in model group, LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group and LncRNA-NEAT1 inhibition group were significantly higher, while the level of NO was significantly lower (P＜0.05). Compared with model group, the levels of ET-1 and s ICAM-1 in LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group and LncRNA-NEAT1 inhibition group were significantly higher (P＜0.05), while the level of NO was significantly lower (P＜0.05). The expression levels of ET-1 and s ICAM-1 in LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group were significantly higher, but NO was significantly lower (P＜0.05). Compared with blank group,the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 in model group, LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group and LncRNA-NEAT1inhibition group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). Compared with model group, the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 in LncRNA-NEAT1 inhibition group were significantly lower (P＜0.05), while the expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-18 in LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). Compared with blank group, caudal venous pressure and 24 h proteinuria levels in model group, LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group and LncRNA-NEAT1 inhibition group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). Compared with model group, the caudal venous pressure and 24 h proteinuria expression levels in LncRNA-NEAT1inhibited group were significantly lower (P＜0.05), while the caudal venous pressure and 24 h proteinuria expression levels in LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group were significantly higher (P＜0.05). The stillbirth rate of LncRNA-NEAT1 overexpression group (21.56%) was higher than that of model group (16.72%) and LncRNA-NEAT1 inhibition group (5.65%). Conclusions: Down-regulation of LncRNA-NEAT1 in gestational diabetes rats can inhibit the expression of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway and down-regulate the expression of downstream pro-inflammatory factors, so as to alleviate vascular endothelial injury and reduce the stillbirth rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To explore the influencing factors of congenital cataract in children, and to study the changes of refractive state after intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods: 98 children with congenital cataract who were treated in our hospital from April2017 to February 2019 were selected as the case group, and 80 healthy children who came to our hospital for pediatric ophthalmic examination in the same period were selected as the control group. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of congenital cataract. All the patients in the case group underwent congenital cataract extraction combined with IOL implantation. The patients in the case group were followed up for 3 years, and the changes of diopter and axial length at 1, 2 and 3years after operation were compared. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the incidence of congenital cataract was not related to gender, threatened abortion during pregnancy, pregnancy induced hypertension, pregnancy induced diabetes, hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, anemia (P＞0.05). The incidence of congenital cataract was related to gestational age, birth weight, family history of congenital cataract, whether with infection in the first 2 months before pregnancy or during pregnancy and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age <37 weeks, birth weight <2500 g, family history of congenital cataract, infection in the first 2 months before pregnancy or during pregnancy were the risk factors for congenital cataract (P<0.05). At the same time point, the increase of axial length and the change of diopter in patients < 2 years old group were greater than those in 2~6 years old group and 7~12 years old group, and those in 2~6 years old group were greater than those in 7~12years old group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Gestational age < 37 weeks, birth weight < 2500g, family history of congenital cataract, infection in the first 2 months before pregnancy or during pregnancy are the risk factors of congenital cataract. In addition, after children with congenital cataract received IOL treatment, IOL had a slight impact on their eye development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the expression and effect of serum miR-135b and miR-141 in patients with renal function impairment in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: 200 patients with GDM who were treated in our hospital from March 2019 to December 2020 were selected as GDM group. According to whether there was renal function impairment, they were divided into GDM group (n=83) and GDM renal function impairment group (n=117). Then, according to urinary albumin / creatinine ratio (UACR) that patients with nephropathy were divided into mild with 65 cases, moderate with 37 cases and severe with 15 cases. In addition, 100 normal pregnant women who were underwent prenatal examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The levels of serum miR-135b, miR-141 and renal function indexes in pregnant women were determined, and the correlation between serum miR-135b, miR-141 and renal function indexes in patients with GDM nephropathy was analyzed by pearson method. Unconditional Logistic multiple regression was used to analyze the risk factors of renal function impairment in GDM. Results: The expression levels of serum miR-135b and miR-141 in pregnant women in the GDM renal function impairment group were higher than those in the GDM group and control group, and GDM group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The expression levels of creatinine (Scr) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), UCAR were higher than those in the GDM group and control group, and the glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was lower than that in the GDM group and control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The expression levels of serum miR-135b, miR-141 were positively correlated with Scr, β2-MG and UCAR (P<0. 05), and negatively correlated with eGFR (P<0.05). The expression levels of serum miR-135b and miR-141 in pregnant women with severe renal function impairment were significantly higher than those in pregnant women with moderate and mild renal function impairment, and the moderate renal function impairment was significantly higher than the mild renal function impairment (P<0.05). Unconditional Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that the expression levels of miR-135b and miR-141 were risk factors for the occurrence of GDM in pregnant women (P<0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum miR-135b and miR-141 in patients with GDM renal function impairment are abnormally elevated, and gradually increase with the aggravation of renal function impairment,and which can providing certain reference for the prediction and treatment of GDM renal function impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum homocysteine (Hcy), PANDER, Obestatin and blood glucose control situation and pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: 286 patients with GDM who were treated in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected. According to the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) before delivery, they were divided into blood glucose control standard group (HbA1c < 7%, 173 cases) and blood glucose control non standard group (HbA1c ≥ 7%, 113 cases). The levels of serum Hcy, PANDER, Obestatin, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin (FINS) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) at the time of enrollment in the two groups of patients were detected and compared. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between Hcy, PANDER, Obestatin and FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR. According to the pregnancy outcome, they were divided into poor pregnancy outcome group (90 cases) and good pregnancy outcome group (196 cases). Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM. Results: The levels of serum Hcy, PANDER, FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR in the blood glucose non control standard group were higher than those in the blood glucose control standard group, while the level of Obestatin was lower than those in the blood glucose control standard group (P＜0.05). The levels of serum Hcy and PANDER were positively correlated with the levels of FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR, and the level of Obestatin were negatively correlated with the levels of FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR (P＜0.05). The age, body mass index (BMI) at enrollment, family history of diabetes, proportion of blood glucose control not up to standard and the levels of serum Hcy, PANDER, FPG, FINS and HOMA-IR in the poor pregnancy outcome group were higher than those in the good pregnancy outcome group, while the level of Obestatin was lower than that in the good pregnancy outcome group (P＜0.05). Blood glucose control not up to standard, the levels of serum Hcy and PANDER were the risk factors of poor pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM, while the level of Obestatin was the protective factor (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The levels of serum Hcy and PANDER increased and the level of Obestatin decreased in patients with blood glucose control not up to standard in GDM, which are related to insulin resistance and poor pregnancy outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To investigate the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) on neonatal cardiac development, immune function and cord blood bilirubin. Methods: The clinical data of 80 neonates of GDM patients (GDM group) and 40 neonates (control group) of healthy parturients delivered in our hospital from July 2019 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The differences of general indexes, cardiac development indexes, immune function indexes and umbilical cord blood bilirubin levels between the two groups were compared. Results: The birth weight of neonatal in GDM group was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). There were no differences in body length, gender and gestational age between the two groups (P>0.05). The aorta/main pulmonary artery width, the size of left atrium, left/right ventricle and the ventricular septum thickness in GDM group neonatal were greater than those in control group (P<0.05). There were no differences in left ventricular short axis contraction rate and ejection fraction between the two groups (P>0.05). The serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G, CD3, CD4 and CD4/CD8 levels in GDM group neonatal were lower than those in control group, and the CD8 level was higher than that in control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum IgM and IgA levels between the two groups (P>0.05). The cord blood bilirubin level in GDM group neonatal was (41.25±8.06)μmol/L, which was higher than (33.36±7.52)μmol/L in the control group neonatal, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: GDM has adverse effects on neonatal heart development, which can lead to myocardial hypertrophy, significantly reduce the immune function of GDM neonatal, and increased neonatal cord blood bilirubin level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of China Medical University is the property of Journal of China Medical University Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: It has been recently discovered that vitamin D receptor is widely distributed in the female reproductive system such as the ovary and uterus, which is closely related to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as spontaneous abortion and gestational diabetes mellitus, but its specific mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate potential differentially expressed miRNAs and related regulatory networks via a whole transcriptome analysis of the uterine tissue of vitamin D-deficient mice. METHODS: Eighteen female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups: a vitamin D deficiency group and a normal control group. Mice in the vitamin D deficiency group were fed with vitamin D deficiency diet, and mice in the normal control group were fed with vitamin D sufficiency diet. The body mass of the mice was recorded every week. After 8 weeks, the serum levels of 25,(OH)D3 and hormones in the mice were tested. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to detect mouse uterine tissue. Uterine tissue samples of two groups were collected for transcriptome sequencing, and bioinformatics analyses of gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no difference in body mass between the two groups. Compared with the normal control group, the levels of 25,(OH)D3 and estradiol in mouse serum were significantly reduced, and the testosterone level was significantly increased in the vitamin D deficiency group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of uterine tissue showed a reduction in the endometrial folds of mice in the vitamin D deficiency group. Twenty-five differentially expressed miRNAs were screened out by transcriptome sequencing, of which 9 were up-regulated (such as miR-541-5p and miR-205-5p) and 16 were down-regulated (such as miR-378d and miR-708-5p). At the same time, vitamin D deficient mice showed significantly differences in multiple gene ontology enrichment categories, such as developmental process, cell composition, tissue or biogenesis. In addition, the functional enrichment results of Kyoto genes and genomes encyclopedia showed that differentially expressed genes were mostly related to biochemical metabolic pathways and signal transduction pathways. Differentially expressed genes in these enrichment pathways mainly affected PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, insulin signaling pathway, gonadotropin releasing hormone signaling pathway, and oocyte meiosis pathway, all of which were closely related to the regulation of the reproductive system. To conclude, vitamin D deficiency can lead to poor uterine implantation conditions in female mice, which is related to multiple signaling pathways, such as insulin regulation, in mouse reproductive system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the relationship between serum Ferritin, cathepsin S (Cat S), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and insulin resistance in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and to analyze the influencing factors of pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM. A total of 154 parturients diagnosed with GDM in Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from April 2019 to December 2021 were included as the GDM group, another 100 healthy parturients who came to Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital during the same period were taken as the control group. Serum Ferritin, Cat S, MCP-1 levels and homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were detected and compared between the two groups, and the correlation between serum Cat S, Ferritin, MCP-1 and HOMA-IR was analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient. The GDM group was divided into normal pregnancy outcome group and poor pregnancy outcome group according to pregnancy outcome, and the influencing factors of pregnancy outcome were analyzed by multiple Logistic regression. The serum Ferritin, Cat S, MCP-1 levels and HOMA-IR in GDM group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Cat S, Ferritin and MCP-1 levels were positively correlated with HOMA-IR in patients with GDM (P<0.05). Among 154 patients with GDM, 58 cases had adverse pregnancy outcomes, accounting for 37.66%. Univariate analysis showed that pregnancy outcome of patients with GDM was related to diabetes family history, gestational age at diagnosis of GDM, age, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), serum Ferritin, Cat S, MCP-1 levels and HOMA-IR (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years, pre-pregnancy BMI≥24 kg/m2 , OGTT results > 2 items abnormal, and serum Ferritin, Cat S and MCP-1 high levels were risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome in patients with GDM (P<0.05). The serum Ferritin, Cat S and MCP-1 levels in patients with GDM are abnormally elevated, which are related to insulin resistance. Pregnancy outcomes of patients with GDM are affected by Ferritin, Cat S, MCP-1 levels, age, pre-pregnancy BMI, OGTT results and other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to meet the needs of the mother and fetus during pregnancy, the various systems in the body have more or less changed. However, because of individual differences,some pregnant women may suffer from metabolic syndrome such as type 2 diabetes(T2D) mellitus, lipid disorder, and hypertension, which will affect the health of mothers and the development of nervous and cardiovascular systems of their offspring. Therefore, controlling various metabolic abnormalities is beneficial to improve pregnancy outcomes.

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics is the property of Xiangya Medical Periodical Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the effects and mechanism of vitamin D on glucose and lipid metabolism by regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase ( PI3K) signaling pathway in mice with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS: Seventy-five pregnant Kunming mice were screened and randomly divided into the control group (gavage of peanut oil), GDM group (gavage of peanut oil), low-dose vitamin D group ( gavage of 0. 05 μg / kg vitamin D), and high-dose vitamin D group (gavage of 0. 20 μg / kg vitamin D), and agonist group (gavage of 0. 20 μg / kg vitamin D+ intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg / kg anisomycin), with 15 rats in each group. Except for the control group, mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg / kg streptozotocin to establish GDM from the 8th d of gestation to the 19th d of gestation. The total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting insulin (FINS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1 c), fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels of 5 groups of rats were detected. The pathological changes of liver tissues were observed. The relative mRNA expressions of PI3K, glucose transporter 4 (GLUT-4) and protein kinase B (AKT) in liver tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The relative expressions of PI3K, AKT, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) and GLUT-4 in liver tissues were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the GDM group, the levels of FBG, HbA1 c, FINS, TC, TG and LDL-C decreased in the low-dose vitamin D group, high-dose vitamin D group and agonist group, and the above indicators in high-dose vitamin D group were lower than those in low-dose vitamin D group and agonist group, with statistically significant difference (P < 0. 05). The pathological results showed that the hepatocytes in GDM group had obvious steatosis and disordered arrangement. The steatosis of hepatocytes in low-dose vitamin D group, high-dose vitamin D group and agonist group decreased significantly, among which the liver cells of high-dose vitamin D group had the best recovery. Compared with the GDM group, the mRNA and protein relative expressions of PI3K and GLUT-4 increased, the protein relative expressions of p-AKT increased in the low-dose vitamin D group, high-dose vitamin D group and agonist group, with statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). The mRNA and protein relative expressions of PI3K and GLUT-4, and the protein relative expressions of p-AKT of mice in the high-dose vitamin D group were higher than those in the low-dose vitamin D group and agonist group, with statistically significant difference ( P < 0. 05 ). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D can significantly improve glucose and lipid metabolism of GDM and reduce liver tissue damage, its regulatory mechanism may be related to the PI3K pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Imaging Science & Photochemistry is the property of Imaging Science & Photochemistry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies is the property of Editorial Department of Practical Pharmacy & Clinical Remedies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To systematically evaluate the preventive effects of vitamin D supplementation on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),VIP database, and Wan fang database, china Biology Medicine disc (CBM) (as of September 9,2021) were used to search for randomized controlled trials on vitamin D prevention of gestational diabetes at home and abroad. Statistical analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4.1,and random-effects models were used for all analysis. Results A total of nine randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 3 525 pregnant women. Meta-analysis results showed that vitamin D supplementation was significantly associated with a low incidence of GDM [odds ratio (OR)=0.41,95% confidence interval (CI):0.27-0.62, P =0.000 1].Compared with the control group, pregnant women in the vitamin D group had lower incidences of premature delivery (OR=0.55,95%CI:0.36-0.85,P =0.007 0),cesarean section (OR =0.50,95%CI: 0.32-0.79,P =0.003 0),hypoglycemia (OR =0.34,95%CI:0.19-0.59,P =0.000 2),neonatal macrosomia (OR=0.41,95%CI:0.20~0.83,P =0.010 0),and neonatal asphyxia (OR =0.24,95%CI:0.10-0.59, P =0.002 0).In terms of pregnancy-induced hypertension and hyperbilirubinemia, the vitamin D group and the control group had no significant statistical significance (P >0.05).Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women can effectively reduce the incidence of GDM and improve a variety of adverse maternal and infant outcomes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), angiopoietin like protein 8 (ANGPTL8) and pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus( GDM). Methods: 136 pregnant women with GDM who were treated in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2019 to March 2021 were selected as the study group. 120 healthy pregnant women who came to our hospital for prenatal examination at the same time were selected as the control group. The demographic and clinical data of patients in the study group were collected, the levels of serum VCAM-1, PAI-1 and ANGPTL8 in two groups of pregnant women were detected by enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay. The pregnancy outcome of pregnant women in the two groups were observed. According to the pregnancy outcome, the pregnant women in the study group were divided into poor pregnancy outcome group and good pregnancy outcome group. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcome in GDM pregnant women. Results: The levels of serum VCAM-1, PAI-1 and ANGPTL8 in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in the study group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that the poor pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with GDM were related to age, prenatal body mass index (BMI), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), total cholesterol (TC), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), family history of diabetes, history of childbirth, place of residence, VCAM-1, PAI-1 and ANGPTL8 levels (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 35 years old, prenatal BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2, high HbAlc level, city of residence, elevated levels of VCAM-1, PAI-1 and ANGPTL8 were all influential factors of poor pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with GDM (P<0.05). Conclusion: Serum levels of VCAM-1, PAI-1 and ANGPTL8 in pregnant women with GDM are abnormally elevated, and all three are influential factors of pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with GDM, which deserved clinical attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine is the property of Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)