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On the basis of analyzing present situation and research progress of field scientific observation in water conservancy, this paper discusses the construction and operation management of field scientific observation and research stations in water conservancy sector. In recent years, through long-term fixed-point observations and researches, a certain amount of continuous field observation and experimental data have been accumulated, which plays an important role in understanding natural laws, guiding water conservancy practices, and promoting the development of disciplines. However, the stations still have shortcomings in terms of planning layout, support guarantee, and operation mechanism. Focusing on the four main goals and six implementation paths of promoting the high-quality development of water conservancy in the new stage, this paper proposes measures such as optimizing the regional layout of disciplines, improving the research ability, and improving the management and operation mechanism in order to promote the long-term stable development of the field scientific observation and research station and provide foundational support of science and technology for ensuring national water security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]