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Effective protection and rational utilization of coastal zones have become an important way for sustainable development in coastal areas. The paper summarized the achievements and existing problems based on a review of research on protection and utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island, and explained the important significance of effective protection and rational utilization of coastal zones. Based on the coastal geology and coastal dynamics on the control mechanism of coastline, this paper deeply analyzed the unique and fragile ecological characteristics, human activities impact, and abundant tourism resources in the coastal zones of Hainan Island. It revealed the importance of coastal dynamic processes and coastal zones, and how the atmosphere, ocean, and land interact. A new concept of effective protection and rational utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island had been proposed, and a top strategic model for effective protection and rational utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island had been constructed. In order to promote the effective protection and rational utilization in the coastal zones of Hainan Island, it is necessary to take balance of nature as the basis, strengthen the investigation and research on the dynamic process of the coastal zones, scientifically assess the carrying capacity of tourist destinations, timely carry out resource data mining, monitoring and early warning, and start the declaration and construction of marine world natural heritage in Hainan Island, explore the "Hainan Model" with "legislation first, overall planning, macroeconomic regulation, scientific support, financial support, unified management, and public participation" as the core.