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To comprehensively understand the genetic information of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SGJ-24 and thoroughly analyze the functional genes associated with its tolerance to challenging vinous environments, reduction of biological acid, and biogenic amine degradation activities. The study was conducted using whole-genome sequencing, which combined second-generation Illumina HiSeq technology with third-generation PacBio RS II technology. The results showed that, a total genome size of 3451191 bp and 3361 coding genes. Numerous genes were annotated for functions such as nutrient (sugar, amino acid and so on) transport and metabolism, protein synthesis, and nucleic acid metabolism. Additionally, specific functional genes related to the versatile activities of this strain were identified, including malolactic fermentation activity (MLE and so on), acid tolerance (gadB and so on), ethanol tolerance (PFK, GK and so on), and biogenic amine degradation (GAPDH) function. The research findings provided a deep insight into the genetic characteristics of L. plantarum SGJ-24, laying a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of the strain.

In order to obtain high yield and purity, the synthesis method of agomelatine is studied. Agomelatine is synthesized with methyl-phenoxide and succinic anhydride by Friedel-crafts acylation, catalytic hydrogenation reduction, cyclization, Knoevenagel condensation, aromatization, NaBH4/NiCl2·6H2O reduction and acylation, and the reaction conditions and parameters are optimized and improved. The results show that the optimum conditions are as following: Catalytic hydrogenation reduction is applied instead of conventional Huang Minglong reduction or Clemenson reduction, with the amount of Pd/C is 20% in solvent anhydrous ethanol, under the pressure of 1 MPa, temperature of 35 ℃, and the yield is up to 86.8%. Knoevenagel condensation is optimized, with benzyl amine and formic acid as catalyst, n(7-methoxy-1-naphthalene ketone)∶n(cyanoacetic acid)∶n(benzyl amine)∶n(formic acid)=1∶1.8∶0.3∶0.3, and the transformation rate is 95.6%. In NaBH4/NiCl2·6H2O reduction step, Boc anhydride is specially added to protect the amino group and reduce by-product, and the yield of 72.5% is obtained. Under the optimized conditions, the total yield is 26%, and the purity is 99.79%. The structures of target compounds are confirmed by 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The process route of catalytic hydrogenation reduction method is green and environmentally friendly, the reaction conditions are mild, and the post-treatment is simple, which provides a theoretical reference for improving the reaction yield and purity of the product of agomelatine.

Background The prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has increased rapidly. And there is no conclusion on body fat composition, characteristics of metabolic indicators, and their predictive values for MAFLD in non-obese populations. Objective To identify the risk factors for MAFLD by comparing body fat composition and key metabolic indicators (blood lipids, blood sugar, uric acid) between obese and non-obese MAFLD patients, and to assess their associations with MAFLD as well as their predictive values for MAFLD in non-obese patients. Methods Physical examinees with and without liver B-ultrasound-detected fatty liver were recruited from Health Management Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 after excluding those with non-MAFLD, and divided into obese group (including 129 cases with MAFLD, and 129 without fatty liver) and non-obese group (including 129 without fatty liver cases, and 129 with MAFLD) by BMI. The body fat composition and metabolic indices in non-obese MAFLD cases were compared with those of the other three subgroups. The correlation of each index with MAFLD in non-obese cases was analyzed. The independent risk factors of MAFLD in non-obese cases were identified by using Logistic regression. The predictive value of each index for MAFLD in non-obese was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results (1) Comparison of body fat composition and metabolic indicators: compared with non-obese without fatty liver cases, non-obese cases with MAFLD had greater average BMI, body fat (BF), body fat ratio (BFR), visceral fat area (VFA), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip-ratio (WHR), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid (UA), alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P