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Objective To investigate the effect of estradiol valerate (E2V) on endometrial receptivity induced by clomiphene in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rats. Methods Rats were divided into control group (administered 0.9% sodium chloride solution), and PCOS model group (administered 50 mg/kg clomiphene), E2V low, medium and high-dose intervention group [administered (0.2, 0.5, 1.0)mg/kg E2V+50 mg/kg clomiphene]. Serum sex hormone level was compared. Morphological change of endometrium was examined by ELISA. The expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), homeobox gene (Hox)A10, empty ventilator homeobox (Emx)2, integrin αvβ3 mRNA and protein in the endometrium were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, luteinizing hormone/follicle-forming hormone (LH/FSH), testosterone (T), relative expressions of Emx2 mRNA and protein were significantly increased (P＜0.05), while estradiol (E2) level, glandular area, glandular area, endometrial thickness and glandular/interstitial area ratio, relative expressions of ER, PR, HoxA10, integrin αvβ3 mRNA and protein were significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Compared with PCOS model group, the changes of above indexes in E2V low, medium and high-dose intervention group were opposite (P＜0.05). Conclusions E2V can improve endometrial receptivity of PCOS clomiphene-induced ovulation rats. E2V is potentially related to the up-regulation of ER, PR, HoxA10, integrinαvβ3 and down-regulation of Emx2.

The global warming caused by greenhouse gases emission has raised serious concerns. Recent studies found that the carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from river eco-system can partly offset the carbon sequestration by terrestrial ecosystem, leading to a rethink of the effects of river ecosystem on the global carbon balance and greenhouse gases emission inventory. As an important primary producer in urban river ecosystem, filamentous macroalgae can deeply affect the carbon cycle process of river system through changing the abiotic and biotic factors in the interface of water-sediment. This paper reviewed the effects of filamentous macroalgae on the CH4 emission from urban river system from the aspects of 1) the effects of urbanization on the river ecosystem and its CH4 emission flux, 2) the effects of filamentous macroalgae on the CH4generation and emission process in natural river systems, and 3) the effects of filamentous macroalgae on the primary productivity and CH4 emission process in urban river systems. The current problems and future directions in related researches were discussed and prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The model of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) induced by acetaminophen (APAP) in mice was established to investigate the anti-oxidation and anti-ferroptosis mechanisms of Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture on DILI. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group, model group, positive group, and low and high-dose Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture groups (0.12, 0.24 g·kg⁻¹). Mice were intragastrically administration with Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture (0.12, 0.24 g·kg⁻¹) once per day for 21 consecutive days, and at the same time, mice were weighted every day. The mice were injected intraperitoneally with 600 mg·kg⁻¹ of APAP to establish a mouse model of acute DILI after 16 h from the last administration of Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture. After 6 h from APAP challenge, the experimental animals were weighted and sacrificed to collect blood and liver tissue samples. And then, the effect of Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture on liver weight and the liver weight ratio of mice were examined; the content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) in the liver tissue were measured. Prostaglandinendoperoxide synthase 2(ptgs2) mRNA level in liver tissues was detected by Q-PCR, and protein expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 in liver tissues were detected by Western blot. Moreover, HE staining, immunohistochemical assay and TUNEL staining were used to observe pathological changes of the liver tissue sections. It is found that Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture could relieve APAP-induced liver enlargement and inhibit hepatic weight ratio increase. Compared with model group, the mice in Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture groups showed decreases in the content of ALT, AST and MDA, and increases in the content of GSH and NADPH. What is more, Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture could down-regulate ptgs2 mRNA level and up-regulate SLC7A11 and GPX4 protein levels. All of the results lead to a conclusion that Fuzheng Yanggan Mixture plays a protective effect on DILI in mice, which may be associated with the inhibition of ferroptosis., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Catalytic behavior of Co-based/zeolites catalysts was investigated in NO x reduction by CH 4 . Optimization of promoter and support was investigated by catalytic tests, and the relationship between catalytic activity and catalyst structure was illustrated by catalyst characterization. Co-Fe/SAPO-34 exhibited the highest activity among various Co-base/zeolites catalysts. The maximum conversion of NO x with 52.7% was obtained on Co-Fe/SAPO-34 at 450℃. The inhibition of activity of Fe/zeolites became severe in the presence of SO 2 , CO 2 , and H 2 O. CO 2 exerted virtually no effect on the SCR activity of Co-Fe/zeolites. The inhibition of NO x conversion by H 2 O was reversible for Co-Fe/zeolites catalysts. Cobalt species were mainly present in CoO and Co(OH) 2 states in Co-Fe/SAPO-34. Co 3 O 4 and Co(OH) 2 were the main cobalt species of Co-Fe/ZSM-5, while CoO, CoAl 2 O 4 and Co 3 O 4 might be present in Co-Fe/Beta. The ratio of Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ in the surface layer of Co-Fe/zeolites decreased in the order of Co-Fe/ZSM-5(3.98) > Co-Fe/SAPO-34(0.52) > Co-Fe/Beta(0.43). The active states of cobalt species and suitable ratio of Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ were important for the activity of Co-Fe/zeolites in CH 4 -SCR. CH 4 -SCR over Co-Fe/zeolite catalysts started with the adsorption of NO and CH 4 on Brønsted acid sites of the zeolite to produce NO + and carbon-containing species(-C=O and -COO) in the presence of oxygen, respectively. Subsequently, the important intermediates of nitrate species were generated from NO + at the active sites. Finally, nitrate species reacted with carbon-containing species to form N 2 and CO 2 .

CuCeOx composite catalysts were synthesized via coprecipitation (COP-CuCeO,) and incipient impregnation (IMP-CuCeOx) methods, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the samples were characterized by XRD, low-temperature N2 sorption, H2-TPR and O2-TPD. The influences of reactant composition and concentration, reaction space velocity, O2 content, H2O concentration, and catalyst type on the oxidation behaviors of benzene, toluene, and n-hexane emitted from petrochemical industry were systematically investigated. In addition, the related kinetic parameters were model fitted. Compared with IMP-CuCeOx, COP-CuCeOx had well-dispersed active phase, better low-temperature reducibility, and more active surface oxygen species. The increase of reactant concentration was unfavorable for toluene oxidation, while the opposite phenomenon could be observed in n-hexane oxidation. The inlet concentration of benzene was irrelevant to its conversion under high oxidation rate. The introduction of benzene obviously inhibited the oxidation of toluene and n-hexane, while the presence of toluene had a positive effect on beuzene conversion. The presence of n-hexane could promote the oxidation of toluene, while toluene had a negative influence on e-hexane oxidation. Both low space velocity and high oxygen concentration were beneficial for the oxidation process, and the variation of oxygen content had negligible effect on n-hexane and henzene oxidation. The presence of H2O noticeably inhibited the oxidation of toluene, while significantly accelerated the oxidation procedure of henzene and n-hexane. COP-CuCeOx had superior catalytic performance for toluene and benzene oxidation, while IMP-CuCeOx showed higher n-hexane oxidation activity under dry condition. The oxidation behaviors under different conditions could be well fitted and predicted by the pseudo first-order kinetic model.

Objective: To explore the relationship of venous sinus stenosis and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and to discuss the efficacy and strategy of endovascular treatment., Methods: Balloon angioplasty and stent placement were performed in 24 IIH cases by lateral sinus stenosis. Mechanical thrombus maceration was performed before stent placing in 5 cases with suspected chronic dural sinus thrombosis. The clinical data of clinical presentations, intracranial pressure, pressure of lateral sinus, pressure gradient between distal and proximal lateral sinus stenosis, methods of treatment and therapeutic outcomes were retrospectively analyzed., Results: Intracranial pressure dropped from (314 ± 56) mm H2O of pre-operation to (197 ± 31) mm H2O of post-operation. The post-treatment pressure gradient was obviously high ((159 ± 11) mm H2O) and a reduction was found ((95 ± 11) mm H2O). Headache in 16 cases, vision in 13 and papilledema in 10 were resolved or improved. There was no other permanent procedure-related morbidity. The patients were followed up for 2 - 19 months. And no in-stent restenosis occurred., Conclusion: Endovascular treatment is effective for IIH by venous sinus stenosis.

Objective: To evaluate the correlation of collateral circulation with prognosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction., Methods: A total of 260 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 1 week of symptom onset underwent digital subtraction angiogram (DSA). The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were obtained at admission. And the Modified Rankin scores (mRS) were assessed at a 3-month follow-up. The follow-up data were acquired through clinic visits or telephone interviews., Results: Among them, 86 were found to have intra- or extra-cranial culprit artery severe stenosis or occlusion. And 36 (75.00%) in 48 patients had collateral arterial circulation while 11 (28.64%) in 38 patients posterior circulation. There were statistical differences in the NIHSS scores at admission and favorite clinical outcome (mRS ≤ 2) at 3-month follow-up for patients with and without collateral circulation., Conclusion: DSA is the golden standard for the assessment of collateral circulation in patients with severe cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion. The prognosis is better in stroke patients with collateral circulation.

A simultaneous catalytic effect copper (II) and iron (III) on the oxidation of acid chrome blue K by potassium bromate in dilute sulfuric acid medium was observed. But there was an obvious difference in their reaction rates, and the ratio of the reaction constant changed with time. And their spectral addiitive properties were not satisfactory. The simultaneous determination of copper and iron by catalytic kinetic spectrophotometric method was realized by using a three-layer Levenberg-Marquardt BP neural network to cope with the experimental data. The optimum conditions of reaction and determination were studied. The calculation results of the determination in synthetic samples and human hair were satisfactory.

By means of artificial neural network and Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation training algorithm, the three components of vitamin B1, B2, B6 were determined simultaneously, in which the spectra overlapped. In the range of 390-520 nm, the fluorescence intensities at 15 wavelengths were taken as a character of the artificial neural network, and samples were arranged by the method of equality design. The mean recoveries of vitamin B1, vitamin B2, and vitamin B6 were 99.86%, 99.60% and 99.49% respectively. The RSDs of the results were 1.7%, 1.6%, and 1.7%.

A new fluorescence method by artificial neural network for the simultaneous determination of tryptophan and tyrosine was developed. The determination was carried out in the KH2PO4-K2HPO4 buffer solution (pH = 7.15) and at the EX (excitation) wavelength of 224 nm. In the range of 290-400 nm, the fluorescence intensities at fourteen wavelengths were taken as characteristic parameters of the artificial neural network, and the samples were arranged by the method of equality design. The mean recoveries of tryptophan and tyrosine were 100.9% and 101.6% respectively. The RSDs of the results were 4.18% and 4.17%. The method has been applied to the determination of tryptophan and tyrosine in compound amino acid injection, and the relative errors were 4.0% and 2.6%, respectively. The results were better than those of other networks in training speed and accuracy. In conclusion, the new network spectrofluorimetry is a good choice for multicomponent resolving analysis.

By the means of artificial neural network and Levenberg-Marquardt back-propagation train algorithm, the two components of phenol, resorcinol were determined simultaneously, in which the fluorescence spectra overlapped. In 290-345 nm, the fluorescence intensity at 14 wavelengths were taken as character of artificial neural network, and samples were arranged by method of equality design. The mean recovery of phenol and resorcinol were 100.2%, 99.99% respectively. The RSD of the results were 0.4% and 1.3%.