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Five common watermelon varieties in the Beijing region, namely ‘L600’ ‘Guanghui L1000’ ‘Jingmei 2K’ ‘Chaoyue Mengxiang’ and ‘Xiaotianwang’ were investigated to compare quality indicators such as soluble solids, hardness, organic acids, soluble sugars, sweetness, and vitamin C. The aim was to provide a basis for the selection of high-quality watermelon varieties in Beijing. The results indicated that different watermelon varieties exhibited certain variations in quality characteristics. Specifically, ‘Xiaotianwang’ displayed significantly higher hardness and vitamin C content than other varieties (P

[Introduction] With the large-scale application of new energy, the challenges faced by the grid connection of new energy power generation are growing, and the importance of energy storage system is increasing. carbon dioxide energy storage (CES) technology is a kind of compressed gas energy storage technology emerging in recent years, with the advantages of high energy storage density, long service life and high design flexibility. For liquid carbon dioxide energy storage (LCES) technology, CO2 is stored as liquid phase in both HP and LP sides of the system, which has high energy storage density and strong operation stability. [Method] Firstly, the operation principle and key technical indicators of the LCES system was introduced and the importance of carbon dioxide liquefaction and common liquefaction processes were clarified. Then, the research status of CO2 liquefaction on the LP side of the LCES system was introduced, including the use of mixed energy storage working medium, self-condensation, the LNG cold energy, and the regenerator. The characteristics of each method were analyzed in detail. [Result] The research indicates that the application of regenerator is the most effective method. It is necessary to further analyze the challenges faced by current cold storage liquefaction technology and its development direction. [Conclusion] The research could provide guidance for the further development of CO2 liquefaction technology for the LCES system.

To explore the genes related to anthocyanin accumulation and synthesis during the ripening process of strawberry fruit, qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanin substances was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) on the fruits of four development stages of 'Benihoppe' strawberry: White (WF), initial ripening (IR), part ripening (PR), and full red fruits (FR). The expression level of structural genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in different development processes was determined to provide a theoretical basis for anthocyanin metabolism and color quality regulation of strawberry fruit. The results showed 24 anthocyanins and four proanthocyanidins in 'Benihoppe' strawberry. With the ripening of the fruit, the total anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin contents gradually increased and decreased, respectively. Pelargonidin and cyanidin were the main differential metabolites in different developmental stages. Among them, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were the main substances in anthocyanins, accounting for 79.7%, 14.1% and 3.56% of the total anthocyanins at the full maturity of 'Benihoppe' strawberry, respectively. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the transcription levels of the anthocyanin synthesis pathway genes FaPAL1, FaC4H, FaF3H, FaANS, FaUFGT, and FaMYB10 gradually increased with the fruit development. In summary, the anthocyanin content of 'Benihoppe' strawberry fruit gradually accumulates with fruit maturity, and the substances of anthocyanin differential metabolism include pelargonidin and cyanidin. The expression level of structural genes related to anthocyanin synthesis pathway affects the anthocyanin accumulation of fruit.

Objective To analyze the correlations between plasma orexin⁃A and clinical manifestations of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Methods A total of 51 patients with DLB from Beijing Tiantan hospital, Capital Medical University, and 46 sex, age and education matched controls were conducted from January 2019 to December 2021. Overall cognitive function was assessed by Mini⁃Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), dementia severity was assessed by Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR), activities of daily living was assessed by Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL), depression severity was assessed by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 (HAMD⁃17), neuropsychiatric symptoms was assessed by Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), and plasma orexin⁃A level was measured. The univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were used to screen influencing factors for DLB. Pearson and partial correlation analyses were used to explore the correlation between plasma orexin⁃A and core clinical features of DLB. Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the linear correlation between plasma orexin⁃A level and neuropsychological tests. Results The scores of MMSE (Z=⁃ 8.387, P=0.000) and MoCA (Z=⁃8.479, P=0.000) in DLB group were significantly lower than those in control group, while the scores of CDR (Z=⁃9.072, P = 0.000), ADL(Z=⁃8.692, P=0.000), HAMD⁃17 (Z=⁃7.568, P=0.000), NPI (Z=⁃8.270, P=0.000) and plasma orexin⁃A level (Z=⁃2.688, P=0.007) were significantly higher than those in control group. Plasma orexin⁃A level in DLB patients with fluctuating cognition (Z=⁃2.172, P=0.030) and with Parkinsonism (Z=⁃1.981, P=0.048) were lower than those without these symptoms, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed drinking history was a potentially independent protective factor for DLB (OR=0.278, 95%CI:0.095-0.808; P=0.019), while increased plasma orexin⁃A level was an independent risk factor for DLB (OR=6.878, 95%CI:1.241-38.137; P=0.027). Correlation analysis showed that plasma orexin⁃A level was negatively correlated with the occurrence of Parkinsonism in patients with DLB (r=⁃ 0.322, P=0.043). Multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis showed no statistically significant relationship between the plasma orexin⁃A level and the scores of neuropsychological tests (P>0.05, for all). Conclusions The plasma orexin⁃A level in patients with DLB were higher than controls, and the elevated plasma orexin⁃A level could significantly increase the risk of DLB, while reduce the incidence of Parkinsonism. Dysfunction of orexin⁃A system might be a potential mechanism for the occurrence of DLB.

The in vitro simulation of gastrointestinal digestion was performed on the flavonoid of fresh-cut apple pomace residue to determine the changes of flavonoids content and their reducing ability during the simulated digestion process, in order to provide reference values for the further development and utilization of flavonoids in fresh-cut apple peels and pomace. The results showed that flavonoids content and reducing ability during the gastric digestion simulation increased significantly in 2 h compared with the undigested group(P

【Objective】Based on transcriptome dataset of Agrotis segetum, the SSR and SNP loci were analyzed.【Method】Total RNA of A. segetum was extracted and the transcriptomes were sequenced with Illumina sequencing platform. SSR and SNP information in total unigene sequences were separately analyzed by MISA and GATK.【Result】In the study, the A. segetum tra nscriptome database contained 66 469 unigene sequences. MISA was used to search the Unigene sequences and 4 438 SSR loci were obtained, which were distributed on 4 048 Unigene sequences, accounting for 6.09% of the total sequences. Mononucleotide and trinucleotide repeats accounted for 54.73% and 29.29% of the total repeats, respectively. The A/T motifs were the dominant microsatellite loci of A. segetum SSR. SSR motifs contained 4 to 24 repeats, with 5 repetitions (21.67%) as the dominant repetitions. The length of SSR loci sequence ranged from 12 bp to 127 bp, including 3 493 moderately polymorphic loci and 820 highly polymorphic loci. GATK was used to search SNP loci in Unigene sequence, and 371 148 SNP loci were successfully searched, inculding 237 619 conversion types and 133 529 transversion types. C/T accounted for 18.61% of the total SNP sites, with the highest ratio, followed by G/A accounting for 18.28%, and all of which belonged to conversion types. The ratio of conversion type (64.02%) was significantly higher than that of transversion type (35.98%).【Conclusion】The SSR loci in the transcriptome database of A. segetum have higher distribution frequency, more species and richer polymorphism; and the conversion type is the main type of SNP variation, which can provide a very important scientific basis for future studies on the genetic structure and differentiation, genetic evolution, migratory rule and integrated control of A. segetum population.

無This article introduces an ongoing project that integrates Internet virtual reality techniques with situated learning theory, and tries to find out the synthesized application. Based upon the synthesis, the authors develop a set of learning materials that can provide an environment for multiple-user participation and real-time interaction on Internet. A detailed description of the instructional design process is offered, followed by the suggestions for future research in this promising area.

Peanut is one of the important oil crops. Its kernel quality directly affects its processing characteristics and is an important index for peanut quality evaluation. Establishing a high-throughput phenotyping model for peanut kernel quality and evaluating peanut kernel quality quickly and efficiently might significantly improve the efficiency of peanut breeding. In this study, the spectra of 175 peanut kernel samples (140 RIL populations derived from Yuhua 14 x LOP 215 and 35 other breeding lines) were collected by Antaris II Fourier Transform Near Infrared Spectroscopy Analyzer (Thermo company), and the oil content, protein content, sugar content, and fatty acid content of seed kernel were determined by Soxhlet extraction method, Dumas nitrogen method, anthrone colorimetry, and gas chromatography, respectively. Partial least squares (PLS) was used to construct the near-infrared calibration models of oil content, protein content, sugar content and some fatty acid content of peanut kernel. 30 other peanut materials which were not involved in the modelling were selected to verify the model externally. The determination coefficients (R²) of the models were greater than 0.90, indicating that the models could be applied to the high-throughput prediction of peanut kernel quality traits. This study provides a detection platform for high-throughput phenotypic analysis of peanut kernel quality traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

H-Trifurazano[3,4-b:3',4'-f:3",4"-d]azepine (HTFAZ) was synthesized via the reactions of nucleophilic substitution, cyclization and reduction using 3,4-bis(3'-nitrofurazano-4'-yl)furoxan (DNTF) as starting material. Based on the reactivity of HTFAZ, the two novel energetic compounds 7-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-trifurazano[3,4-b:3',4'-f:3",4"-d]azepine (compound 1) and 7-(2,4,6-trinitro-3,5-diaminophenyl)-trifurazano[3,4-b:3',4'-f:3",4"-d]azepine (compound 2) were self-designed and synthesized. The structures of the target compounds were characterized by IR, H NMR, C NMR and elemental analysis. The thermal behaviors of compounds 1 and compound 2 were investigated by DSC and the detonation performances of the two compounds were predicted by Kamlet-Jacobs equations. The results show that the yield of HTFAZ reaches 63.2% after improving synthetic route. The thermal decomposition temperatures of compound 1 and compound 2 are 371.7'and 296.3', respectively, showing good thermal stability. The density of compound 1 is 1.90g/cm, the peak temperature of thermal decomposition is 371.7', the theoretical detonation velocity is 8033m/s and theoretical detonation pressure is 30.11GPa, The detonation performance of compound 1 is better than that of TNT, and the density and thermal stability are greater than those of TNT and RDX. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Findings derived from analytical models seriously contradict the ones justified in empirical studies, leading a huge confusion on the value of information systems in the context of supply chain information sharing. To elaborate and extract the value of information systems, we constructed an operational model on supply chain inventory decision-making involving the costs of information sharing together with the accuracy and the timeliness of shared information. We first analyzed the effect and feature of the interaction of information accuracy and timeliness, then compared the inventory cost under system situation with the one under non-system situation. We found that: the accuracy and timeliness positively influence the value of information sharing practice. The impact of accuracy is bigger; the mechanism of value creation of supply chain information systems lies in achieving accuracy and timeliness simultaneously; the investment in information system is not the more the better, and it depends on the current information quality of the firm. An additional simulation showed that the implementation of information systems could improve the efficiency of information sharing and reduce the inventory cost. Our findings could hold in the context where product orders are positively correlated in a time series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To observe the alteration of the interproximal papilla height after single implant restoration in the anterior maxilla and to assess the influence of gingival biotypes on papilla regeneration. METHODS: Thirty patients with single--tooth implant-supported restorations in the anterior maxilla were assigned to two groups according to labial mucosa thickness. Group A: labial mucosal thickness ≥1.5 mm and group B: labial mucosal thickness<1.5 mm. The presence of interproximal papilla as well as the distance between papilla apex and contact point were assessed at crown attachment (baseline) and after 6 months (follow-up).Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS19.0 software package. RESULTS: The 6-month survival rate of implants was 100%. The mean height of interproximal papilla at baseline and follow-up was (1.64 ±0.97) mm and (3.10 ±1.39) mm, respectively. A significant improvement in papilla height was found between baseline and follow-up (P<0.05). In group A, the mean distance from papilla apex to the contact point at mesial and distal aspects was (0.15±0.24) mm and (0.23±0.33) mm, respectively, and the presence of interproximal papilla were (97±5)% and (94 ±8)%, respectively. In group B, the mean distance from papilla apex to the contact point at mesial and distal aspects was (1.94±0.40) mm and (2.10±0.34) mm, respectively, and the presence of interproximal papilla was (53±9)% and (43±14)% respectively. Statistically significant difference was found between the two groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The interproximal papilla height around single implant restorations could improve significantly after 6-month follow-up. The interproximal papilla height around single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla was influenced by gingival biotype. The regenerative potential of thick-gingival biotype was better than that of thin-gingival biotype. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070842) and Research Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09411955000,1052nm04500). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To monitor the stability changes of Straumann implants using resonance frequency analysis(RFA) during healing period, and determine the factors that affect implant stability. METHODS: Fifty two Straumann implants were placed in 25 partially or totally edentulous patients. ISQ was tested by RFA on the day of surgery and consecutively at 1-, 4-, 6-, 8- and 12-week. All data were analyzed using general linear model by Minitab 14.13 software package. RESULTS: All the 52 implants achieved good primary stability at surgery. The mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) value was 64.39 ±0.66 on the day of surgery and dropped to the lowest point 4 weeks after surgery, then got notable increase between 4 and 6 weeks after surgery in the stability curve. Statistically significant differences was found between different bone types and implant insertion sites (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between different implant lengths and collar types. The survival rate during the 12 weeks of follow -up was 100% . CONCLUSIONS: Implant stability seems to be affected by bone types and implant insertion sites. More evidence is needed to support the influence of implant length and collar type on implant stability. Supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09411955000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Trausim implants bone remodelling at early stage of implantation, to provide necessary experimental parameters for improving the characteristics of the surface treatment technique. METHODS: 14 Labrador dogs were prepared for teeth extraction of the mandible first premolar to first molar under general anesthesia. After bone healing for 3 months, each dog was implanted with 3 Trausim implant and 3 Straumann implant. 2,4,8 and 12 weeks later, the animals were sacrificed and bone-to-implant contact (BIC%) was assessed using histological and histomorphometrical methods. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software package. RESULTS: All 84 implants achieved clinical stability at the time of insertion, the healing was uneventful. Bone-to-implant percentage was highest at 8-week for Trausim implant (71.64%±6.66%) and Straumann implant (72.98%±8.97%). At 12-week it was lower than at 8-week, but stability was as usual. Moreover, at different healing periods, no significant difference for BIC% between Trausim and Straumann implants was found. CONCLUSION:The present study showed that Trausim implants induce good bone-to-implant contact after implantation. The BIC% was similar to Straumann implants. Supported by Research Fund of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(09411955000). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) and chemically-modified SLA (modSLA/SLActive) titanium surfaces on MC3T3-E1 murine pre-osteoblast cell proliferation and differentiation. METHODS: Hydrophilic SLA (modSLA) surface of titanium disks were chemically-modified; sand-blasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) and smooth pretreated (FT) titanium disks were produced. MTT assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Alizarin red-S (ARS)were used to evaluate MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell behaviors on different titanium surfaces. Real-time PCR was applied to detect the expression of osteogenic genes including Runx2, OSX, OCN and OPN of the MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on the three groups of substrates. The data was analyzed by using SAS 9.0 software package. RESULTS: ALP activities, calcium deposition and the expression of Runx2, OSX, OPN and OCN were significantly higher and the cell proliferation was significantly lower on SLA surfaces than on PT surfaces. With regard to modSLA surface, the effect was even more significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Surface roughness and hydrophilicity are two important factors that determine osteoblasts behaviors. Surface roughness of titanium substrates seems to enhance the osteoblastic differentiation and decrease the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Osteogenic responses to modSLA were better than to hydrophobic SLA surface. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070842), Key Research Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09411955000), and Nano-Science and Technology Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (1052nm04500). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the distribution of sensory nerve fibers in the tissue of peri-implant bone and to study the reconstruction procedure of somatosensory evoked potentials of unloaded dental implant. METHODS: The bilateral 2nd, 3rd and 4th mandibular premolars and the 1st molars were extracted from 3 beagle dogs. Three months later, 4 screw-type implants were inserted. Then 1, 6 and 12 weeks later, the sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) tests were performed. The stimulating electrode was connected to the implant, and the recording electrodes were fixed on the inferior alveolar nerve stem to record the amplitude of SNAP. Then the dogs were sacrificed, and the specimens were prepared for immunohistochemical examination. The SNAP results were statistically analyzed using SPSS17.0 software package. RESULTS: SNAP of the inferior alveolar nerve stem could be recorded following stimulations to each implant. The difference in SNAP amplitudes between the 1-week group and the other two groups was significant (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the 6-week and 12-week group. Some NFP-positive nerve fibers were found in the tissues of peri-implant bone. These fibers localized in both the bone marrow space and in the peri-implant fibrous tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Neuroreceptors do exist in the tissue of pert-implant bone, but much less than the periodontal ligament. These neuroreceptors could receive electrical stimulus then evoke SNAP of the inferior alveolar nerve stem. In unloaded condition, the reconstruction of never endings in the pert-implant bone tissue is apparently time-dependent. Supported by Research Fund of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (08zz57) and Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09411955000 and 1052nm04500). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The effect of two groups of titanium substrates different only in hydrophilicity on cell attachment, spreading and the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) were investigated. METHODS: Hydrophilic SLA (modSLA) surface of titanium disks were chemically-modified and sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) ones were produced. The primary human alveolar osteoblasts were inoculated on the treated surface of titanium. The attachment, spreading and the expression of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) were determined. SAS6.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The attachment rates of osteoblast cultured on modSLA substrates were significantly higher than on SLA ones within 3h (P<0.05). After 3 hours of cell culture, the modSLA group seemed to spread more with more well developed defined actin stress fiber and more well-organized defined cytoskeleton actins in osteoblast. Shape factors of osteoblasts on modSLA were lower than on SLA surface (P<0.05). At 6-hour after seeding, a significant increase of immunofluorescent expression of FAK was observed on modSLA (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The chemically -modified hydrophilic SLA (modSLA) surface can significantly enhance the initial adhesion of osteoblast, increase the cytoskeleton actins and improve the expression of FAK. Supported by Research Fund of Shanghai Municipal Educational Commission (08zz57), Key Research Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (09411955000) and Nano-Science and Technology Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (1052nm04500)/ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The study was designed to investigate the effect of surface chemical modification on the process of bone defect healing around implants in dogs. METHODS: Six Beagle dogs were used in this study. The mandibular premolars and first molars were extracted bilaterally. Three months after tooth extraction the procedure of implant placement was performed. Four canals with a diameter of 2.8mm and 10mm in depth were prepared at the third premolar (P3) and the first molar (M1) sites of both sides of the mandible, of which the coronal 5mm portion were further widened with the 5.3mm diameter twist drill. In each side of the mandible one modSLA (chemically-modified SLA) implant and one SLA (sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched) implant with a diameter of 3.3mm and 10mm in length were installed, respectively. Thus, the circumferential defect that was 5mm deep and l mm wide created between the implant surface and the bony wall. Four implants placed in both sides of the mandible were allowed for non-submerged healing. Two dogs were sacrificed at the week 2, 4 and 8 following implant placement, respectively, and the specimens were prepared and stained with trinitrophenol- fuchsin for histological and histomorphometric analyses to acquire the bone-to-implant contact (BIC%), new bone fill (NBF%) and the distance between the most coronal level of bone-to-implant contact and the bottom of the surgically created bone defect (B-D). Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS13.0 software package. RESULTS: No implant was loosen or lost during the study. The histomorphometric results demonstrated that new bone formation was observed in the defect region around both groups of implants at all time points and the newly formed bone occurred initially from the apical and lateral bony wall of the defect region, the bone defect almost was filled at week 8. At 2 and 4 weeks of healing, the BIC%, NBF% and B-D values were significantly higher for modSLA implants (P<0.05). At 8 weeks of healing, the difference was not significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The SLA implants processed by means of chemically-modified surface treatments exhibit more predictable outcomes than that of SLA implants by promoting the early bone regeneration when inserted into sites with bone defects. Supported by Research Fund of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No.08zz57), Key Research Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No.09411955000) and Nano-Science and Technology Project of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Grant No.105znm04500). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To study the clinical effect of osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) without bone grafting combined with simultaneous implant placement in the treatment of edentulous posterior maxilla subject to insufficient bone height. METHODS: Sixty-seven Straumann® SLA implants were placed in the posterior maxilla in 50 patients. The residual bone height (RBH) was (5.2±2.2)mm. The procedure of OSFE without bone grafting was applied. The final prostheses were restored after 3 to 6 months. The stability and osseointegration of the implants were clinically evaluated, also the endo-sinus bone gain around the implants were measured. The follow-up period was (12.8±5.6)months. RESULTS: The survival rate was 97.01% during the study period. 65 out of the 67 implants were clinically stable and were loaded without pain or any subjective sensation. 4 implants had detectable sinus membrane perforation during operation. The radiographic results demonstrated that the endo-sinus bone gain was (2.5±1.3) mm and the marginal bone loss (MBL) was (1.1±0.7)mm. CONCLUSION: OSFE alone with no grafting could yield predictable clinical results for atrophic edentulous posterior maxillary region, It may be feasible even with RBH less than 4 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To compare the diagnostic value of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with orthpantomography(OPG) for dental implants at the posterior maxilla. METHODS: 75 patients (89 positions) with dental implants in the posterior maxilla were assessed with CBCT and orthopantomography. The horizontal height from the top of the alveolar bone to the floor of sinus was measured through CBCT and OPG. The results were processed statistically with SPSS 11.5 software package for Chi-square test. RESULTS: Bone deficiency was detected in 30.34% and 16.85% cases by CBCT and OPG respectively with significant difference (P=0.034). Bone osteointegration was detected in 4.95% and 11.88% cases with CBCT and OPG respectively without significant difference (P=0.413). CONCLUSIONS: The quantity of bone could be evaluated more precisely by CBCT than OPG. The peri-implant bone could be demonstrated more clearly by CBCT than OPG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interaction between chlorella vulgaris and two strains of marine heterotrophic bacteria (Z-QD08 and Z-QS01) was studied. Z-QS01 showed inhibitory effect on C vulgaris and the inhibitory effect was enhanced gradually with increasing density of Z-QS01. Z-QD08 stimulated the growth of C vulgaris at low density, and presented an inhibitory effect when the density of Z-QD08 reached 107 cells/mL. There were obvious different effects on C vulgaris among different compounding ratio groups of Z-QD08 and Z-QS01 in the initial phase. The dominant group of Z-QS01 restrained the growth of C vulgaris, while the dominant group of Z-QD08 and equivalent group showed stimulative effects to C vulgaris. Yet all groups showed stimulative effects to C vulgaris in the terminal phase. C vulgaris decreased the cell density of Z-QS01 while stimulated the growth of Z-QD08 in the exponential growth phase. C vulgaris demonstrated selective inhibitory effect to Z-QS01 in the mixed culture system. Experimental results offered theoretical support to apply ecological control in marine culture and to develop microbial preparation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To evaluate 7-year clinical application of Straumann implant treatment. METHODS: 5532 non-submerged Straumann implants were placed from july 2000 to december 2006 at the department of implantology, Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The average age of 2449 patients was 40.2 years (16 to 87 years) and healing period was 5.39 months (1.75 to 23.75 months). A total of 2710 prostheses were accomplished, including 2640 fixed partial prostheses, 52 implant supported overdentures and 18 implant supported full arch fixed protheses. Patients were recalled 6 months after restoration and later annual follow-up. Clinical and X-ray examinations were performed during the follow-up period. RESULTS: Among the 91 failed implants, 59 implants were failed in healing period and considered early failures. The survival rate was 98.36%. CONCLUSION: Prosthetic restoration of partially edentulous and edentulous patients with the Straumann implant system can be described as a reliable and efficient therapy in the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility and predictability of early loading of dental implants supporting mandibular fixed full-arch prostheses. METHODS: 94 ITI SLA implants were inserted in 14 edentulous mandibles. The implant-borne fixed prostheses were applied 6 weeks postoperatively. Panoramic radiographs were taken immediately after implant placement, at 4-week post-surgery and 1 year post-treatment to evaluate the alveolar bone at the implant sites. Resonance frequency analysis was clone at implant placement and 4-week post-surgery. RESULTS: No implant failed within the 12 months representing one-year survival rate of 100%. Success rate for prostheses was 100%. No significant bone loss was observed according to the panoramic radiographs with the bone level above the first thread. The resonance frequency analysis gave the ISQ (implant stability quotient) value of 69.54±4.29 and 63.14±5.57 at the 2 time points respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Early loading of ITI SLA implant supporting mandibular fixed prostheses is predictable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermal compression experiment of TB17 titanium alloy in the β phase region was carried out by Gleeble-3800 hot compression simulator. The dynamic recrystallization behavior and transformation mechanism in the β phase region of the TB17 titanium alloy were studied. The results show that the dynamic recovery (DRV) and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) occur in the β-phase region during deformation process of the TB17 titanium alloy. There are two dynamic recrystallization nucleation sites at different strain rates. At low strain rate, it mainly nucleates inside the grains, and at high strain rate, it is near the grain boundary. According to EBSD and TEM analyses, the main mechanism happened at low strain rate is continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) which mainly is controlled by sub-grain rotation. Discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) occurs at high strain rates, the main form of deformation is grain boundary shear accompanied by sub-grain rotation. Although the two dynamic recrystallizations are transformed in different ways, the essence is to form new dynamic recrystallized grains through the propagation, slip and cell structure evolution of dislocations.

Aiming at the problem of image tampering and forensic localization,a fragile watermarking algorithm based on chaos sequence and image QR decomposition was proposed to determine the image tampering.The algorithm chooses QR decomposition to decompose the image,embeds the watermark after the image is decomposed,and encrypts the watermark by chaotic system to enhance the security of the watermark.Experimental results show that the algorithm not only improves the security of the location watermarking algorithm,but also can estimate the tampering strength of the tampered area.

The semi-fragile watermarking algorithm based on Hadamard transform and SVD decomposition was proposed to distinguish normal image processing operations from malicious tampering.Firstly,the carrier image was SVD decomposed,and Hadamard transform was performed on all image subblocks.The watermark was embedded by quantization method.The algorithm was sensitive to tampering and had good ability to recognize tampering position,and had strong resistance to JPEG compression.

Aiming at the fuzzy operation commonly used in image tampering,a new fuzzy detection scheme using smooth filter preserving edges and mathematical morphological methods was studied.By using the sharpening function and denoising function of both methods,tampering and location of tampering position can be pointed out without embedding information such as watermarking technique.The method can not only determine whether an image has been virtualized,but also detect the extent of the image blur.Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the scheme.

This study investigated the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanism of Liujing Toutong Tablets(LJTT) on a rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion(pMCAO). The pMCAO model was established using the suture method. Eighty-four male SPF-grade SD rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group, a nimodipine group(0.020 g·kg~(-1)), and high-, medium-, and low-dose LJTT groups(2.8, 1.4, and 0.7 g·kg~(-1)). The Longa score, adhesive removal test and laser speckle contrast imaging technique were used to evaluate the degree of neurological functional impairment and changes in local cerebral blood flow. The survival and mortality of rats in each group were recorded daily. After seven days of continuous administration following the model induction, the rats in each group were euthanized, and brain tissue and blood samples were collected for corresponding parameter measurements. Nissl staining was used to examine pathological changes in brain tissue neurons. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), IL-1β, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP), beta-endorphin(β-EP), and endogenous nitric oxide(NO) in rat serum were measured using specific assay kits. The entropy weight method was used to analyze the weights of various indicators. The protein expression levels of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB), inhibitor kappaB alpha(IκBα), phosphorylated IκBα(p-IκBα), and phosphorylated inhibitor of NF-κB kinase alpha(p-IKKα) in brain tissue were determined using Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of chemokine-like factor 1(CKLF1) and C-C chemokine receptor 5(CCR5) in rat brain tissue. Compared with the sham operation group, the model group showed significantly higher neurological functional impairment scores, prolonged adhesive removal time, decreased cerebral blood flow, increased neuronal damage, reduced survival rate, significantly increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CGRP, and NO in serum, significantly decreased levels of VEGF and β-EP, significantly increased expression levels of NF-κB p65, p-IκBα/IκBα, and p-IKKα in rat brain tissue, and significantly upregulated protein expression of CKLF1 and CCR5. Compared with the model group, the high-dose LJTT group significantly improved the neurological functional score of pMCAO rats after oral administration for 7 days. LJTT at all doses significantly reduced adhesive removal time and restored cerebral blood flow. The high-and medium-dose LJTT groups significantly improved neuronal damage. The LJTT groups at all doses showed reduced levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CGRP, and NO in rat serum, increased VEGF and β-EP levels, and significantly decreased expression levels of NF-κB p65, p-IκBα/IκBα, p-IKKα, and CCR5 protein in rat brain tissue. The entropy weight analysis revealed that CGRP and β-EP were significantly affected during the model induction, and LJTT exhibited a strong effect in reducing the release of inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β. LJTT may exert a neuroprotective effect on rats with permanent cerebral ischemia by reducing neuroinflammatory damage, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway and the regulation of the CKLF1/CCR5 axis. Additionally, LJTT may exert certain analgesic effects by reducing CGRP and NO levels and increasing β-EP levels.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term clinical outcome of tapered implants placed in posterior maxilla with osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) technique., Methods: The study population comprised 40 patients in whom 44 Astra tapered implants were inserted with OSFE technique from March to September in 2019. The surgical indication was that the bone height below the maxillary sinus was considered to be 2mm ~8mm. Astra tapered implants were inserted. Prosthetic restoration was completed 4 months after surgery. The implant success rate and stability, as well as osseointegration of the implant were clinically evaluated, and bone gain around the implants were measured. The data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software package., Results: During the study period,the implant survival rate was 100%. The mean variation of implant stability quotient(ISQ) was 12.07±5.86. The mean value of ISQ ranged from 67.55±8.07 to 79.62±5.08. The average marginal bone loss was (0.32±0.29) mm. The endo-sinus bone gain(ESBG) was (1.06±0.4) mm. No mechanical complication was observed. The average probing depth around the implant was (3.2±1.51) mm, the bleeding on probing rate was(11.36±4.28)%, and the modified plaque index was 1.23±0.43., Conclusions: Astra tapered implants were found to produce predictable results in osteotome sinus floor elevation surgery. Further properly designed clinical trials are required to validate the use of tapered dental implants in sinus floor elevation technique.

The Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense Battle states that structural adjustments of industrial, energy, transportation, and land use are important to significantly reduce CO 2 and air pollutant emissions. This co-effect is evident but has not been quantified at the city-cluster level. This study developed an emission inventory for the "2+26" cities of the Jing-Jin-Ji region and its surroundings and quantitatively analyzed the impacts of measures in the Three-Year Action Plan for Winning the Blue Sky Defense Battle on the emissions of CO 2 and major air pollutants using Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies in the "2+26" cities model (GAINS-JJJ). The results showed that in the "2+26" cities, the emission reductions in CO 2 , primary PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO x , and NH 3 under policy scenario 2020 were 29.1 Mt (equivalent to 2% of the emissions in 2017), 203.8 (21%), 281.8 (27%), 485.5 (17%), and 34.3 kt (3%), respectively, relative to 2017. In terms of the cities or sectors, the higher the pollutant emissions, the higher the reduction achieved. The CO 2 mitigation co-effect results showed that industrial adjustment measures, such as eliminating backward production capacity, upgrades on industrial boilers, and phasing out small and polluting factories, contributed the most to the co-effect of CO 2 emission reduction, whereas NO x presented the highest co-effects, with CO 2 among the different air pollutants.

Purpose: To compare the clinical efficacy of angulated screw channel abutments and prefabricated titanium abutments on the restoration of single implant crowns in esthetics region., Methods: The study was a prospective, single center, randomized controlled trial. Patients with the need of restoration of single tooth in esthetics region were included from June 2018 to June 2019. Forty patients were randomly assigned into two groups: screw-retained crowns with angulated screw channel abutments(angulated group, AG) and cemented crowns with prefabricated Ti abutments (cemented group, CG). Clinical and radiological evaluations were performed on the day of final crowns delivery and 6 months later. Implant survival rate, marginal bone loss (MBL), mechanical complications, peri-implant conditions (Probing depth, PD; bleeding on probing, BOP%), pink esthetics score/white esthetics score(PES/WES) and patients' satisfaction were assessed. The data was analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software package., Results: Thirty-six patients (AG: 19, CG: 17) attended the 6-month clinical trial. Implant survival rates were both 100% in two groups. The MBL was (0.21±0.18) mm for AG and (0.38±0.40) mm for CG (P>0.05). The BOP% was significantly higher in AG than that in CG (P=0.04). No significant difference of mechanical complications, PD, PES/WES and patients' satisfaction was found between the two groups(P>0.05)., Conclusions: Based on the present results, both treatment options show acceptable clinical outcomes in the short term. Angulated screw-retained crowns may benefit the peri-implant soft tissue; however, studies with long-term follow-up are needed to verify the results.

This paper established the identification technology of the main root origin of three-year-old spring Panax notoginseng aiming at providing theoretical basis for the protection and traceability of geographical indication products of P. notoginseng. Forty-four samples of three-year-old spring P. notoginseng from Guangxi Baise, Yunnan Wenshan, Yunnan new cultivating regions. The stable isotopic ratios of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen were determined by elemental analysis and stable isotope mass spectrometer. Combined with Duncan multiple comparative analysis, fisher discriminant analysis and sequential discriminant analysis, a origin discriminant model for the main root of three-year-old spring P. notoginseng was established for 3 production areas of P. notoginseng. The geographical climate and environment of three production areas of P. notoginseng are obviously different. From Guangxi Baise-Yunnan Wenshan-Yunnan new cultivating regions, the longitude, average annual temperature and annual precipitation gradually decrease, and the elevation and latitude are increasing. The results of multiple comparative analysis showed that there were significant or very signi-ficant differences in the δ~(13)C,δ~(15)N,δ~2H,δ~(18)O of the main roots of P. notoginseng in three regions. The results of fisher's discriminant analysis and sequential discriminant analysis showed that the correct discriminant rates of the main roots of P. notoginseng for three regions were 80.05%,76.47% and 90.91%, respectively, based on four stable isotope ratios, with an average of 84.09%. Using stable isotope fingerprint and chemometrics method, we can distinguish the origin of the main raw materials and products of P. notoginseng.

The Nanxiaohegou basin is a typical watershed in the gully region of the Loess Plateau, China. The stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen and the hydrochemistry of the surface water and groundwater in the region were characterized in this study. The interaction between the surface water and groundwater in the region was demonstrated based on stable isotopes and hydrochemical methods. Results show that the δ D and δ 18 O values of precipitation change according to the seasons with high values in spring and summer and low values in autumn and winter. The δ D and δ 18 O values of the reservoir water are higher in summer and autumn, while they are lower in the winter and spring. The seasonal variation of δ D and δ 18 O in groundwater is not significant. The surface water and groundwater in the watershed mainly belong to Na·Mg-HCO 3 -type water. The hydraulic conductivity of surface water and groundwater is characterized by high values in winter and low values in summer. Results on stable isotopes and hydrochemistry indicate that local precipitation and deep groundwater may be the main recharge sources of surface water (reservoir water, channel water) and spring water in the Nanxiaohegou basin. The perennial spring in the basin may be mainly replenished by deep groundwater, while seasonal springs are replenished by deep groundwater and local precipitation, such as the springs of Dongzhuanggou and Yangjiagou sub-basins. This study provides a greater understanding of the hydrological processes in the gully region of the Loess Plateau.

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of RPH with the simplified. Milligan-Mor- gan(M-M) surgery on mixed hemorrhoids. Methods Totally 1 200 patients with mixed hemorrhoid were assigned to the control group(600 cases) and the treatment group(600 cases) according to randomized, parallel controlled,multi-center trial design. Patients in the control group received PPH with the simplified M-M surgery, and patients in the treatment group received RPH with the simplified M-M surgery. Postop- erative complications, operation time,the postoperative hospitalization days and the efficacy were ob- served. Results Compared with the control group, the numbers of postoperation hemorrhage, postop- erative uroschesis, anal fissure and anorectal stenosis in treatment group were decreased(P <0. 01 , P < 0. 05), operation time and the postoperative hospitalization days were decreased (P <0. 01 , P <0. 05 ), the cure rate for 3 and 12 months after operation were increased (P <0. 01, P <0. 05). Conclusions RPH with the simplified M-M surgery could reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,improve the clinical cure rate and the curative effect in treatment of mixed hemorrhoids.

To better understand the biosynthetic pathway of flavonoids in Blumea balsamifera, and to increase the biosynthesis of flavone and flavonol amount, we carried out this research. Basing on transcriptome information, B. balsamifera flavonoids metabolic pathway was analyzed in KEGG data base. The result demonstrated that two metabolic pathways of flavonoids were found in KEGG data base. They were flavonoid biosynthesis pathway (No.ko00941) that contained 32 genes and flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway (No.ko00944) that contained 12 genes. Metabolic pathway of flavonoids in B. balsamifera was similar to that in other plants. Chalcone synthase (CHS) and Chalconeisomerase were much likely to be key enzymes on metabolic pathway of flavonoids in B. balsamifera. HCT was much relevant to biosynthesis of favones., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Objective: To analyze the chemical compositions of the leaves from Acanthopanax senticosus., Methods: Rapid identification of chemical constituents in the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / MS. The chemical constituents were identified and speculated by using Peakview data processing software, the retention time, exact relative molecular mass, and cleavage fragments of MS / MS were detected. Chromatography-mass spectrometry conditions were as follows, the analysis was performed on Waters BEH C18column( 100 mm × 2. 1 mm,1. 7 μm) in gradient elution with a mobile phase of 0. 1% formic acid aqueous solution and 0. 1%formic acid acetonitrile, the flow rate was at 0. 3 m L / min, the data was collected by the negative and positive ion mode using ESI ion source., Results: 30 compounds were identified and speculated by the standards and compounds of MS / MS, the references and Chemispider database., Conclusion: This method is fast, sensitive and comprehensive with the rapid identification of chemical constituents in the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus, which will provide the evidences for perfecting the quality standard, and clarify the efficacy material base of the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus.

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the regulation of active ingredient, the terpenoids metabolic pathway and specific enzymes in Blumea balsamifera are investigated. Basing on transcriptome information, B. balsamifera terpenoids metabolic pathway was analyzed in KEGG data base. Four metabolic pathway of terpenoids were found in KEGG data base. They were terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, monoterpenoid biosynthesis, diterpenoid biosynthesis, sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis, contained 103, 10, 29,59 genes, respectively. Through the analysis of the enzyme and product in the pathway, the result showed that there were 8 kinds of monoterpenes, 3 kinds of diterpenes, 3 kinds of triterpenes and sesquiterpenes. The mainly key enzymes were deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase, HMG-CoA reductase and allyl transferase system. In B. balsamifera, there were relatively few monoterpenes synthetic enzymes, while the type of products was much more than other terpenes. This may be relate to the non-specific catalytic characteristic of monoterpene synthase. It is expected to improve the yield of terpenoids in B. balsamifera by analysis the pathways and regulation the key enzymes., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Objective: To study the effects of different plant density and harvest time on the yield and quality of Miao medicine Blumea balsamifera, in order to provide a theoretical basis for Good Agriculture Practice( GAP)., Methods: Two factors trails were used to research the influence of plant density and harvest time on the yield and quality of Blumea balsamifera. The plant density were located at 50 cm × 90 cm,50 cm × 60 cm,50 cm × 30 cm and 30 cm × 30 cm, and the harvest time were set up at mid-October, mid-November and mid-December. The experiments were designed with randomized block design., Results: Yield and quality were both affected by the plant density and harvest time. Yield per unit area and volatile oil yield per unit area were increased significantly with the increasing of plant density. Yield per unit area and volatile oil yield per unit area were peaked at the plant density of 111 112 plants / hm~2 which could obtain high-yield at the mid-December, which were 1 546. 68 kg / hm~2 and 96. 6 L / hm~2,respectively. The content of total flavonoids were peaked at the plant density of 22 223 plants / hm~2 and 111 112 plants / hm~2,which were 2. 50 and 2. 53 mg/g,respectively. Harvest time had no significant effect on the flavonoids content., Conclusion: The suitable plant density of transplanted root tillers of Blumea balsamifera is 111 112 plants / hm~2 and the optimum harvest time is December.

Evidence-based medicine was defined as the intergration of best available research evidence, individual clinical expertise and patients' expectations in making decisions about the care of patients. This problem-centered concept should be introduced into the education of oral implantology, so as to develop the critical thinking and lifelong learning habit for students. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81470782) and "973" Program (2012CB933600).