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ObjectiveTo establish the structural confirmation methods of three suspected new psychoactive substances （NPSs）, and explore a more general qualitative testing method.MethodsInfrared absorption spectroscopy （IR）, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （1H-NMR）, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （13C-NMR）, 19F-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy （19F-NMR） and other techniques were used to identify the composition and structure of 5 samples containing suspected NPS submitted by public security bureaus.ResultsNPSs were found in the above 5 samples, and 3 were confirmed as NPS included in the newly listed controlled substances on July 1, 2024, namely 2-（methylamino）-2-（2-methylphenyl）cyclohexan-1-one （2-MDCK）, 2-（ethylamino）-2-（2-fluorophenyl）cyclohexan-l-one （2-FXE）, 1-（3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl）-2-（dimethylamino）pentan-1-one （dipentylone）, respectively. The first two substances were phencyclidine NPS, and the third substance was synthetic cathinone NPS.ConclusionThis study systematically summarizes the distinguishing features of the infrared absorption spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry of three NPSs, which can provide a reference for the qualitative identification of unknown substances.

Objective To compare the efficacy of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block and oral celecoxib for preoperative analgesia in elderly patients with hip fractures. Methods Sixty-eight elderly patients with hip fracture surgery treated at the 908th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force from January 2019 to June 2022 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (femoral nerve block) and the control group (oral celecoxib), with 34 cases in each group. The experimental group received a 20 mL 0.3% ropivacaine for femoral nerve block under ultrasound guidance, while the control group was given celecoxib capsules (0.2 g, twice daily). Visual analog scores (VAS) were compared between the two groups at 10 minutes before intervention, 30 minutes after intervention, 2 hours after intervention, and 10 minutes before surgery. Complications such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and adverse drug reactions were also recorded. Results There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the two groups before intervention (P＞0.05). In the experimental group, VAS scores gradually decreased over time (P＜0.05). In the control group, VAS scores at each time point after intervention were lower than before intervention, with a higher score 10 minutes before surgery (3.85±1.11) compared to 2 hours after intervention (3.24±1.02). The experimental group had lower VAS scores at all time points after intervention compared to the control group (P＜0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group(17.6% vs41.2%, χ2=4.53，P＜0.05）. Conclusion Both ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block and oral celecoxib can alleviate preoperative pain in elderly patients with hip fractures, but ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block is safer and can sustain pain relief.

In the era of globalized geo-economics, international big channel are changing the way geo-economic elements flow across borders, expanding cooperation spaces such as ports and border-free trade zones to more distant inland areas and shaping new ways of cross-border geo-economic cooperation. As an international land and sea channel connecting China and Myanmar, the China-Myanmar Indian Ocean New Channel (hereinafter "the Channel") is of great importance for promoting geo-economic cooperation between the two countries and the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative. However, owing to various obstacles in geo-economic cooperation, the geo-economic effect of the Channel has not been effectively brought into play. In this study, the obstacles to geo-economic cooperation in the Channel and its collaborative mechanisms were analyzed to provide important scientific and technological support for enhancing its geo-economic effects and strengthening geo-economic cooperation between China and Myanmar. The natural geography of the region with its high mountains and deep valleys and the frequently occurring natural disasters are natural obstacles that limit the geo-economic effect of the Channel. Moreover, the difference in economic development between China and Myanmar is not conducive to the deepening of geo-economic cooperation in the Channel. Complex armed conflicts have disrupted the construction of the Channel and China's investment in its route, and the potential intervention of India and the United States will become an added constraint on its further development. Furthermore, the multiple stakeholders game in the construction of the Channel may bring geo-risks. Contrary to preconceived notions, geo-economic cooperation in the Channel is not a strategy for regional control, but rather to create an international trade corridor deeply related to transportation logistics, supply chains, industrial chains and value chains. To promote geo-economic cooperation in the Channel, its construction should be based on a multi-level collaborative mechanism for geo-economic cooperation. At the national level, the docking of development strategies between China and Myanmar should be strengthened by promoting integration of the Channel into the Belt and Road Initiative, strengthening the docking of China-Myanmar policy communication mechanisms, and formulating a long-term development strategy plan for the Channel. At the channel level, the geo-economic effect of the Channel should be upgraded by promoting the linkage of internal and external infrastructures, strengthening geo-economic element cross-border flow and industrial cooperation, and deepening economic and trade cooperation with Myanmar and the Indian Ocean region. At the stakeholder level, a consultation mechanism involving multi-stakeholder participation should be established by strengthening the docking of multi-stakeholder interests, coordinating the mechanism of China-Myanmar port docking, and creating a three-dimensional risk prevention mechanism for the Channel.

Background As a common malignant tumor, prostate cancer (PCa) poses a significant threat to the well-being of men worldwide. The prognosis of PCa is intricately linked to the grade and stage of the tumor at the time of initial detection. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a key biomarker for evaluating prostate health, yet lacks specificity for prostate cancer tumors. Elevated PSA levels can also be caused by benign prostate diseases. And the indiscriminate use of biopsy resulting in overdiagnosis. Hence, the development of a prostate cancer risk prediction model based on pre-biopsy clinical indicators in patients can serve as a valuable tool for early screening of individuals with suspicious findings warranting biopsy. Objective To examine the individual risk factors associated with positive prostate biopsy outcomes and develop a risk assessment model for predicting positive biopsy results in PCa screening. Methods A total of 1 138 patients who underwent prostate biopsy in the Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University from January 2011 to June 2023 were gathered and organized. Following the exclusion of 351 cases with inadequate clinical data, the remaining 787 cases were randomly allocated into a training set and validation set in a 7∶3 ratio by R software. Patient demographics and routine biochemical test results prior to biopsy were compiled, with PCa diagnosis determined based on the outcomes of the biopsy. LASSO regression analysis in the R software was utilized to identify independent risk factors associated with the development of PCa based on biochemical indicators. Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression analysis in SPSS software was employed to construct an early screening and predictive model for PCa, with a Nomogram being generated. The model was validated according to the data of training set and validation set. Results The study utilized LASSO regression analysis to identify 6 independent risk factors associated with positive prostate biopsy results, including age, total PSA (tPSA), alkaline phosphatase, serum protein level, Ca2+, and urea. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals aged 60 years or older (OR=3.769, 95%CI=2.393-5.937), with tPSA levels of 10 μg/L or higher (OR=2.259, 95%CI=1.419-3.596), and alkaline phosphatase levels exceeding 45 U/L (45-

The scientific and sustainable utilization of marine space resources is of great significance for the high-quality development of China’s marine economy and the Ocean Power Strategy. This paper constructs the index system of marine space resources utilization intensity, analyzes the evolution law of China’s marine space resources utilization intensity and its influencing factors. The research results indicate that: (1) The overall utilization intensity of China’s marine space resources utilization is continuously increasing, and the imbalance in provincial utilization intensity of marine space resources was intensifying. (2) The utilization intensity of marine space resources in Tianjin increased significantly, while the utilization intensity of marine space resources in Shanghai fluctuated greatly. The utilization intensity of marine space resources in Zhejiang, Hainan, and Fujian remained at higher intensity and high intensity. The utilization intensity of marine space resources in Liaoning, Shandong, and Guangdong was at medium intensity and high intensity, while the utilization intensity of marine space resources in Jiangsu and Guangxi was at medium intensity and low intensity. The utilization intensity of marine space resources in Hebei remained at low intensity. (3) The overall utilization intensity of marine production space in 11 coastal provinces and cities was higher than that of marine ecological space and marine living space. The overall utilization intensity of marine living space shows a positive growth in 11 coastal provinces and cities, while the overall utilization intensity of marine ecological space shows a significant downward trend. (4) The economic level has the greatest positive effect on the utilization intensity of marine space resources, and industrial structure, government investment, and opening up also have significant positive effects on the utilization intensity of marine space resources. Coastline resources, marine-related employment, and environmental protection has negative effect on the utilization intensity of marine space resources.

[Objective] Rainfall is the driving force of hydraulic erosion in black soil sloping farmland. It is of great significance to study soil erosion characteristics under natural rainfall conditions for soil erosion control. [Methods] Based on 43 erosive rainfall events observed at different ridge-row runoff plots (3°, 5° and 7°) along the slope in Guangrong Small Watershed, Hailun City, Heilongjiang Province during 2021—2022, K-Mean clustering method was used to compare the characteristics of runoff and sediment transport under different rain patterns and slopes, and the influencing factors on runoff and sediment transport were discussed. [Results] The rainfall of short duration, heavy rain and light rainfall (rain type 3) is the main one, followed by the rainfall of medium duration, medium rain intensity and medium rainfall (rain type 2), and the rainfall of long duration, light rain intensity and heavy rainfall (rain type 1) rarely occurs. Under the same rain pattern, the cumulative runoff depth and sediment transport increased with the increase of slope. Under the same slope, different rainfall types have different responses to cumulative runoff depth. Overall, rainfall type 3 has the highest contribution (50.90%～57.90%), rainfall type 2 has the second contribution (37.60%～44.10%), and rainfall type 1 has the lowest. In the event of rain type 2, rainfall erosivity and slope have direct influence on runoff depth, and runoff depth and slope have direct influence on sediment transport. In the event of rain type 3, rainfall erosivity affects runoff depth and then sediment transport through direct and indirect effects. [Conclusion] For all rainfall-type events, rainfall erosivity and slope are the main controlling factors affecting the runoff depth, and the runoff depth and slope are the main controlling factors affecting the sediment transport.

The development of new technologies such as artificial intelligence has promoted the digital transformation of education around the world. ChatGPT, as a representative of generative artificial intelligence, poses new challenges to the field of education and also puts forward new requirements for teacher quality. Artificial intelligence literacy is the core qualitythat teachers need to adapt to the era of AI. Based on the analysis of the connotation of quality, teacher qualityand artificial intelligence literacy, teacher artificial intelligence literacy refers to the qualitythat teachers, as human-machine collaborative teachers, need to understand and use artificial intelligence educational application products in the context of the artificial intelligence era. In the AI era, teachers'artificial intelligence literacy includes three primary elements: AI knowledge, AI skills, and AI attitude and ethics, as well as fifteen secondary elements like knowledge of AI fact, knowledge of AI principle, skills of identifying AI, skills of analyzing AI, guarantee of student safety, and protection of student privacy, etc.It is effective tocultivate teachers' artificial intelligence literacy from three levels: government, school and teachers themselves.

False data injection attack (FDIA) is a serious threat to the security and stable operation of smart grids. In this paper, a FDIA detection algorithm that combines unsupervised and supervised learning is proposed, solving the problems of scarce labeled data and extremely imbalanced normal and attack samples. Firstly, contrastive learning is introduced to capture the features of a small amount of attack data, and it generates new attack samples to achieve data augmentation. Then, various unsupervised detection algorithms are used to perform feature self-learning on a large number of unlabeled samples, addressing the problem of scarce labeled samples. Finally, the features extracted by the unsupervised algorithm are fused with the historical feature set, and a supervised XGBoost classifier is constructed to identify and output the detection results. The results on the IEEE 30-node system show that the proposed method can enhance the stability of the FDIA detection model under scarce labeled samples and imbalanced data, compared with other FDIA detection algorithms. The proposed method can improve recognition accuracy and reduce false alarm rate.

Aiming at the contradiction between the rapidity requirement of online calculation of transient stability preventive control and the computational complexity of time-domain equations, a stacking ensemable learning driven optimization method for power system transient stability preventive control was proposed. Firstly, a transient stability estimator based on a stacking ensemble deep belief network was constructed to replace the nonlinear differential algebraic equation solution process required for transient stability determination. Secondly, the trained transient stability estimator was used as a transient stability constraint discriminator, which was embedded in the iterative optimization process of the Aptenodytes Forsteri optimization algorithm. Finally, with the goal of minimizing the cost of preventive control, a stacking ensemble learning driven power system transient stability preventive control optimization algorithm was established. The algorithm realized the efficient judgment of transient stability constraints in preventive control, and improved the decision-making level of preventive control for power generation rescheduling. Based on the IEEE39 bus system, the proposed preventive control method was verified by experiments. The results show that the method has achieved good results in both evaluation accuracy and calculation efficiency.

Error analysis of inertial navigation systems is one of the important tasks in inertial navigation research. Through error analysis, the contribution of each error in the system to the total error can be obtained. This work is particularly important in the rotary modulation inertial navigation system, because it is necessary to evaluate the suppression effect of the rotation strategy on various error sources through error analysis. Firstly, a state space model of the error has been established based on the system error model, and the total navigation error is divided into linear combinations of various error factors through recursion and decomposition. The derived covariance update equation can be used to quickly and accurately obtain the contribution of various errors including initial error and device error to the total system error. Simulation results of strapdown, single-axis and two-axis modulation systems verifies that the error propagation rules calculated by the proposed method are in agreement with the known conclusions. Simulation of different modulation strategies shows that the proposed method is fast and intuitive in evaluating rotation strategies.

In order to increase the wear and corrosion resistance of the surface of the steel structures, four kinds of CoCrMnNiMox (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) high entropy alloy (HEA) coatings with different compositions were prepared on N80 steel substrate by laser cladding. The effect of Mo content on microstructure, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of HEA coating was studied. Results showed that the CoCrMnNiMox coating structure was a single FCC phase. With the increase of Mo content, the coating hardness increased. The average Vickers hardness of the CoCrMnNiMo0.4 HEA coating was up to 628 HV, which was 3.8 times higher than that of N80 steel substrate (165 HV). The friction coefficient decreased first and then increased, reaching the lowest (0.38) at Mo content of 0.3, which reduced by 0.40 compared to that of N80 substrate. The wear mechanism of clad layer changed from adhesive wear to abrasive wear and the wear resistance increased. The dynamic corrosion and static corrosion of clad layer reached the optimum at Mo content of 0.3. Compared with the substrate, the dynamic corrosion potential increased by 0.2 V at Mo content of 0.3, and the corrosion current density decreased by one order of magnitude. However, the corrosion resistance of the clad layer was greatly reduced compared with the static corrosion due to the promoting effect of wear on corrosion. The corrosion wear coupling test results showed that with the increase of Mo content, the potential first gradually increased and then decreased. The potential reached the highest (-0.28 V) at Mo content of 0.3. The corrosion resistance under friction condition was the best, which was 0.22 V higher than that of N80 substrate (-0.50 V). The wear and corrosion resistance of the substrate surface were well improved. The friction coefficient of the sample under corrosion increased first and then decreased. Except for the high friction coefficient at Mo content of 0.2, the friction coefficient of the other samples was low in the stable run-in stage, and the wear resistance under corrosion condition was relatively good.

In order to solve the problems of unreasonable node distribution and complex connection of pressure energy lines in the current mine ventilation network pressure energy distribution diagram, a new method with independent disjoint roads as the main skeleton, and the node distribution method of the mine ventilation network pressure energy graph distributed on both sides of the remaining connected nodes is proposed. According to the spatial relationship between independent disjoint roads and the remaining nodes and the remaining nodes, the drawing method of the branch shape between the nodes is analyzed and the drawing algorithm is designed. The drawing results of the drawing algorithm show that the algorithm can use the existing data to reasonably convert the mine ventilation network diagram into the pressure energy distribution diagram of the mine ventilation network, and the nodes in the pressure energy distribution diagram are distributed in an orderly manner, and the pressure energy lines between the nodes are connected normally, which can not only reflect the network relationship between nodes, but also reflect the pressure energy distribution of nodes. The algorithm can provide a reference for intelligent mine ventilation and underground fire prevention and risk avoidance.

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a kind of non-coding RNA with circular structure and is found in a variety of cell types. CircRNA is characterized by diversity, specificity, conservatism and stability. As an emerging non-coding regulatory molecules, circRNA can regulate the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer (BC) mainly through the mechanism of competitive endogenous RNA, and is involved in a variety of chemotherapy resistance and affect the efficacy. Elucidating the functions and mechanisms of circRNA in BC may provide novel and effective strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of BC.

Objective To investigate the application value of Yishen Huayu Xugu prescriptionin the management of osteoporotic lumbar compression fracture among elderly patients. Methods From March 2022 to August 2023, all elderly patients with osteoporotic lumbar compression fractures were enrolled in our hospital and randomly assigned into two groups. The patients were diagnosed with kidney deficiency and blood stasis syndrome through physical identification. After admission, both groups (85 cases each) underwent percutaneous kyphoplasty. The control group received conventional Western medicine treatment post-surgery, while the observation group was administered Yishen Huayu Xugu prescription. This herbal formula was prepared by decocting 300 mL of juice in water, divided into two doses, and taken warmly after breakfast and dinner for a duration of 12 weeks. Therapeutic effects were compared after completion of the 12-week treatment period. Results After treatment, the serum levels of D-dimer (D-dimer, D-D) were (5.02 ± 0.63), interleukin-17 (IL-17) was (53.68 ± 5.47), p-collagen special sequence (p-CTX) was (0.37 ± 0.06, interleukin-6 (IL-6) was (69.38 ± 8.27) compared to the control group; bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) was (2.69 ± 0.31), 25-hydroxyvitamin D was (58.93 ± 7.17), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was (309.81 ± 51.49) which were higher than those in the control group with more sig-nificant improvement observed in the intervention group (P < 0.05). Bone mineral density (BMD) increased at both week 6 and week12 after treatment with a more pronounced improvement seen in the intervention group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the observation group exhibited a more significant reduction in the total Traditional Chinese Medicine ( TCM ) symptom score, Cobb Angle, and ODI, compared to the control group (P < 0.05 ). Furthermore, the observation group demonstrated a higher total effective rate of 95.29% (81/85) compared to 85.88% (73/85) in the control group after treatment, "with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion The Yishen Huayu Xugu prescription holds significant positive implications for this particular medication, as it exhibits enhanced efficacy in reducing inflammation, regulating bone metabolism, improving lumbar function, promoting disease amelioration, and enhancing clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cryptographic cores are the key components to enforce information security properties related to confidentiality and integrity. Since the security of a cryptographic core implementation and the security of the cryptographic algorithm itself from the mathematical perspective are two different problems, cryptographic cores may contain hidden security vulnerabilities such as design flaws and side channels. Security analysis methods based on functional verification rely heavily on the quality of test vectors and usually have low test coverage, which is difficult to meet the security verification requirements of security-critical components like cryptographic cores. This work proposes a cryptographic core security verification and vulnerability detection method from the perspective of information flow security. The proposed method can accurately measure all logical information flows in cryptographic core designs to formally verify security properties such as confidentiality and integrity. It can detect potential security vulnerabilities in cryptographic implementations by capturing harmful information flows. Experimental results show that our information flow security verification method is effective in detecting sensitive information leakage caused by the design vulnerabilities and side channels in cryptographic cores.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase is a subunit of telomerase, which plays an important role in activating telomerase and regulating cell cycle. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT) is mainly expressed in germ cells, embryonic stem cells and tumor cells, only a few expressed in normal cell. hTERT is mainly located in nucleus and also distributed in mitochondria. hTERT migration from nucleus into mitochondria is called the mitochondrial translocation of hTERT. Mitochondrial translocation of hTERT functions in the process of apoptosis, immortalization and drug resistance. Control of hTERT is a potential breakthrough in the treatment of diseases.

The "Songshan" supercomputer system is a new generation of heterogeneous supercomputer cluster independently developed by China.The CPU and DCU accelerators it carries are all independently developed by my country.In order to expand the scientific computing ecology of the platform and verify the feasibility of quantum computing research on this platform,the paper uses a heterogeneous programming model to implement a heterogeneous version of the quantum Fourier transform simulation on the "Songshan" supercomputer system.The computing hotspots of the program are allocated to run on the DCU;then MPI is used to enable multiple processes on a single computing node to realize the concurrent data transmission and calculation of the DCU accelerator;finally,the hiding of computing and communication prevents the DCU from being in the middle of data transmission.The experiment implements a 44 Qubits-scale quantum Fourier transform simulation on a supercomputing system for the first time.The results show that the heterogeneous version of the quantum Fourier transform module makes full use of the computing resources of the DCU accelerator and achieves 11.594 compared to the traditional CPU version.The speedup ratio is high,and it has good scalability on the cluster.This implementation method provides a reference for the simulation implementation and optimization of other quantum algorithms on the "Songshan" supercomputer system.

Existing polyhedral compilation tools often use some simple heuristic strategies to find the optimal loop fusion decisions.It is necessary to manually adjust the loop fusion strategy to get the best performance for different programs.To solve this problem,a fusion strategy based on data reuse analysis is proposed for multi-core CPU platform.This strategy avoids unnecessary fusion constraints that affecting the mining of data locality.For different stages of scheduling,the parallelism constraint for diffe-rent parallel levels is proposed.And a tiling constraint for CPU cache optimization is proposed for statements with complex array accesses.Compared with the previous loop fuion strategies,this strategy takes into account the changes in spatial locality when calculating the fusion profits.This strategy is implemented based on the polyhedral compilation module Polly in the LLVM compilation framework,and some test cases in test suites such as Polybench are selected for testing.In the case of single-core testing,compared with the existing fusion strategies,the average performance is improved by 14.9%~62.5%.In the case of multi-core testing,compared with the existing fusion strategies,the average performance is improved by 19.7%~94.9%,and the speedup is up to 1.49x~3.07x.

Hardware Trojans are intended malicious design modifications to integrated circuits, which can be used to launch powerful low-level attacks after being activated. Ａ new security threat of lightweight stealthy hardware Trojans leveraging discrete satisfiability don't care signals was demonstrated. These don't care could not be satisfied under normal operation and thus the circuit design with Trojan is functionally equivalent to the Trojan-free baseline. The attacker could activate the Trojan through simple yet effective fault injection. Experimental results on a 1024-bit RSA cryptographic core show that the proposed hardware Trojan can escape from logic synthesis optimization, and that the RSA private key can be retrieved by simply over-clocking the design. A defense technique that can effectively detect such stealthy Trojan design was provided.

Objective To investigate the pollution characteristics of major heavy metals in PM2.5 in urban areas of Haikou City, and to assess their potential health risks to humans. Methods From 2021 to 2022, samples of atmospheric PM2.5 were monthly collected from the typical urban areas of Haikou, and the concentrations of nine heavy metal elements including arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), vanadium (V), and zinc (Zn) were measured using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The health risk assessment of these heavy metals was conducted using a health risk model. Results The average mass concentration of PM2.5 in Haikou was (20.506±13.054) µg/m³, with a range of 4.000 to 64.000 µg/m³ during the year 2021 and 2022. The PM2.5 concentrations showed significant seasonal variations: highest in winter, followed by autumn and spring, and lowest in summer. The total concentration of the nine heavy metal elements ranged from 0.030 to 138.000 ng/m³, with Zn, Mn, and Pb having the highest concentrations, particularly notable during the autumn and winter seasons. Enrichment factor (EF) analysis indicated moderate enrichment (10-5 to 3.068x10-1), with the HQ values ordered as follows: Mn > Cd > Cr > As > Pb > V > Zn > Cu > Ni. The total non-carcinogenic hazard index (HI) ranged from 0.171 to 0.361. The inhalation incremental lifetime carcinogenic risk values (ILCR) for the four elements Cr, As, Cd, and Ni ranged from 2.911x10-7 to 1.558x10-5, with ILCR decreasing in that order. The total carcinogenic risk index (TR) varied between 1.502x10-5 and 3.169x10-5, with risk intensities for HI and TR in the order: children > adult males > adult females. Conclusions The average PM2.5 concentration in the Haikou urban area is lower than the 24-hour average concentration limit of Grade I (35 µg/m³) in the "Environmental Air Quality Standard" (GB 3095-2012), but still higher than the control standard recommended by the WHO in 2021 (15 µg/m³). The non-carcinogenic health risks of the nine heavy metal elements detected in PM2.5 are not significant, but Cr and As have potential carcinogenic risks, with children being more vulnerable than other populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Discussion on the application value of a competence-based teaching mode in the teaching of prenatal ultrasound. Methods Eighty-seven people from a teaching hospital from July 2015 to December 2019 in the ultrasound were selected.Forty-five students in the experimental group were trained with a new model targeted at “post competence”, while forty-two students in the control group were trained on the traditional teaching mode. Results The theoretical and technical scores of the experimental group are higher than those of the control group.The total theoretical and technical scores of the students with working experience are higher than those of the non-experienced group.The total theoretical and skills scores of master candidates are higher than the undergraduate group. Conclusions The teaching mode targeting at“post competence” can achieve good results in prenatal ultrasound teaching.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD248 (endosialin) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues and its clinical significance. Methods We collected fresh specimens from 17 ccRCC tissues and adjacent tissues, as well as paraffin specimens from 115 ccRCC tissues and adjacent tissues. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of CD248 mRNA in 17 cases of ccRCC tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of CD248 protein in paraffin-embedded specimens of 115 ccRCC patients. The correlation of CD248 expression with clinicopathological indicators and prognosis of ccRCC patients were analyzed. Results Compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues, CD248 mRNA expression (P=0.0026) and the average tissue immune response score (P=0.0061) were significantly higher in ccRCC specimens. The positive signal of CD248 protein was localized in the cytoplasm and part of the nucleus. The overall survival (OS) of high CD248 expression group was significantly lower than that of low CD248 expression group (44.4 vs. 57.2 months, P=0.017). Conclusion CD248 expression may be involved in the development of ccRCC. Compared with adjacent tissues, CD248 is highly expressed in ccRCC tissues. ccRCC patients with high CD248 expression have shorter survival time.

Swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is an important freshwater culture fish in China and has the characteristic of hermaphroditism and natural sexual reversal. Currently, there is a lack of artificial varieties within swamp eel cultivation, and the fry of mainly rely on the wild catching. Gynogenesis, a method for rapidly obtaining fish population with stable heredity and excellent character, was explored in this study. Meiogynogenesis induction was established in swamp eel, resulting in the creation of three gynogenic populations characterized by deep-yellow coloration. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the cellular DNA contents of gynogenic eels were consistent with those of wild type fish, and chromosome counting confirmed the diploid nature with 48 chromosomes. Histological analysis demonstrated the development of ovaries in the gonads of gynogenic eels, indicating normal diploid functionality. Microsatellite diversity analysis showed that the effective number of alleles (Ne), Shannon's information index (I), polymorphism information content (PIC), observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) in gynogenic eels were significantly lower than those in the wild population. The genetic homozygosity in gynogenetic eels exhibited a significant improvement. The genetic distance increased and the genetic similarity decreased between gynogenetic groups. In summary, the gynogenetic population of the deep-yellow swamp eels provides new materials for breeding excellent varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical image segmentation has broad application prospects in the field of medical image processing, providing auxiliary information for diagnosis and treatment by locating and segmenting interested organs, tissues, or lesion areas. However, there is a domain offset problem between different modalities of medical images, which can lead to a significant decrease in the performance of the segmentation model during actual deployment. Domain adaptation technology is an effective way to solve this problem, especially unsupervised domain adaptation, which has become a research hotspot in the field of medical image processing because it does not require target domain label information. At present, there are relatively few review reports on unsupervised domain adaptation research in medical image segmentation. Therefore, this paper summarizes, analyzes, and prospects the future of unsupervised domain adaptation research in medical image segmentation in recent years, hoping to help relevant researchers quickly understand and familiarize themselves with the current research status and trends in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opening agent is used in the production of plastic films, which can effectively improve the opening properties of the film. In this paper, four kinds of silica (SiO2) opening agents were synthesized by precipitation method, and four kinds of LLDPE/SiO2 masterbatch were prepared by melt blending with linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) under the same processing conditions. The results show that the four kinds of opening agents can meet the requirements of anti-sticking and opening performance of LLDPE film, and the dynamic/static friction coefficients are all reduced to less than 0.11 (belonging to high smoothness). After compacting at 50 °C and 7 kPa for 24 h, there was no adhesion between the four LLDPE/SiO2 films, but pure LLDPE films had some adhesion. AFM test shows that there are micro pits near the submicron SiO2 opening agent particles, which play a key role in reducing negative pressure and van der Waals force, thus reducing the adhesion of LLDPE/SiO2 films. Based on the test data, a model of anti-sticking opening for LLDPE film is proposed, which is expected to be used to guide the production of opening agents with higher anti-sticking opening efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing methods of energy efficiency management level evaluation for hydropower stations, this paper introduces Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method into the evaluation process. The evaluation index system of energy efficiency management of hydropower station is constructed by considering the three aspects of economy, safety and management comprehensively. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the nine scale method, the paper uses the exponential scale method to determine the weight of each index. What's more, TOPSIS method and expert scoring method are used to score the quantitative indicators and the qualitative indicators, respectively, so as to further realize the comprehensive evaluation of the hydropower station energy efficiency management level. An actual hydropower station is taken as an example to analyze and calculate the score of the energy efficiency management level of the hydropower station from 2018 to 2022.The results show that the energy efficiency management level of the hydropower station is on the rise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the construction background of intercity railway in Shenzhen Metropolitan Area and the operation and maintenance status of the signaling system, proposes the construction goal of the integrated intelligent operation and maintenance platform. By analyzing the operation and maintenance requirements of the equipment, a set of specific software and hardware construction schemes are given. After the completion of the platform, it is conducive to comprehensively improving the O&M and management level of the equipment, and is also conducive to the integration and optimal configuration of data resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel texture feature extraction method based on a Gabor filter and Three-Patch Local Binary Patterns (TPLBP) for Synthetic Aperture Rader (SAR) target recognition. First, SAR images are processed by a Gabor filter in different directions to enhance the significant features of the targets and their shadows. Then, the effective local texture features based on the Gabor filtered images are extracted by TPLBP. This not only overcomes the shortcoming of Local Binary Patterns (LBP), which cannot describe texture features for large scale neighborhoods, but also maintains the rotation invariant characteristic which alleviates the impact of the direction variations of SAR targets on recognition performance. Finally, we use an Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) classifier and extract the texture features. The experimental results of MSTAR database demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Polyether polyol, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and plasticizer were used as raw materials to synthesize the prepolymer, and polyether polyol, dimethylthiotoluene diamine (DMTDA) and MOCA were used as raw materials to synthesize the curing agent. A two-component solvent-free polyurethane waterproof coating for railway bridges with high performance and environmental protection was prepared. When the molar ratio of TDI80 and MDI50 of isocyanate was 2:1, the root index of isocyanate was 1.15, the mass ratio of polyether polyol 3050 and polyether polyol 2000 was 2:1, and the molar ratio of DMTDA and MOCA was controlled at 1:2, high performance environmentally friendly polyurethane waterproof coating for high-speed railway bridge deck with tensile strength of 6.84 MPa, elongation at break of 535% and tear strength of 35.5 N/mm was prepared. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 (LAS) system high crystallinity transparent glass ceramics with different ZrO2 content were prepared by conventional melt quenching and two-step crystallization approaches. The crystallization kinetics, phase evolution, structure and light transmittance of LAS glass ceramics were studied. The results show that when the content of ZrO2 increases to a certain amount, the crystallization mode of glass gradually changes from one-dimensional growth to two-dimensional growth, and its crystallization exothermic peak Tp value gradually increases, while its crystallization activation energy gradually decreases. In the process of crystal phase transformation, the glass precipitated crystal phases include lithium silicate (Li2SiO3) crystal, lithium permeating feldspar (LiAlSi4O10) crystal and lithium disilicate (Li2Si2O5) crystal. It is found that when lithium silicate (Li2SiO3) crystal is transformed into lithium disilicate (Li2Si2O5) crystal, the transmittance of glass increases. In additions, SEM results show that with the decrease of heating rate, the crystal size of glass precipitation gradually increases, and the crystal morphology is mainly spherical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly, detecting systems are facing the common problem of information processing owing to low SNR, low data rate, low resolution, and low information dimensions, and it is called the weak observation problem. This paper analyzes its origin and proposes the concept of information assembling by using the repetition and prediction properties of the object of interest. Then, the probability of the cloud inference method based on Bayesian theory is proposed to address a weak observation problem such as state estimation. Eventually several new requirements for sensor design, information processing, and system control are discussed, which are three crucial factors in information system design.

It is imperative to efficiently track and catalogue the extensive dense group space objects for space surveillance. As the main instrument for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) space surveillance, ground-based radar system is usually limited by its resolving power while tracking the small space debris with high dense population. Thus, the obtained information about target detection and observation will be seriously missed, which makes the traditional tracking method inefficient. Therefore, we conceived the concept of group tracking. The overall motional tendency of the group objects is particularly focused, while the individual object is simultaneously tracked in effect. The tracking procedure is based on the Bayesian frame. According to the restriction among the group center and observations of multi-targets, the reconstruction of targets’ number and estimation of individual trajectory can be greatly improved on the accuracy and robustness in the case of high miss alarm. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo Particle (MCMC-Particle) algorism is utilized for solving the Bayesian integral problem. Finally, the simulation of the group space objects tracking is carried out to validate the efficiency of the proposed method.

In this study, the cold shock treatment was used to induce triploid yellow drum (Nibea albiflora) and the ploidy was determined. The histology and gene expression analysis of reproduction-related genes were further used to characterize the gonadal development in triploid yellow drum. Firstly, the fertilized eggs were subjected to the cold shock treatment implemented at 3 °C for a period of 10 min commencing at post-fertilization 2.5min, and the fertilization rate and hatching rate in the cold shock treatment groups were (70.31±4.49)% and (21.5±6.63)%, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of diploid. Secondly, we found that the DNA relative content of triploid was 1.5 times larger than that of diploid by flow cytometer analysis, and the number of the chromosome in the triploid was 72, whereas the number of the chromosome in the diploid was 48 shown by karyotype analysis. The rate of the triploid was 100% in the present study. Thirdly, the gonadosomatic indexes of the triploids were significantly lower than that of the diploids. Histological results showed that the gonadal development of the triploids was slower than that of the diploids. At the age of 12 months, the testis and ovary of the diploids were both at the stage V, while the testis and ovary of the triploids were at stage III and stage I, respectively. Fourthly, the dmrt1 and vasa expression in the triploid testis and cyp19a expression in the triploid ovary were significantly lower than those in the diploid gonads (P<0.05), and the vasa expression in the triploid ovary was also lower than that in the diploids (P>0.05). The results indicated that the triploid yellow drum could be successfully induced by the cold shock treatment, and the gonadal development of the triploids was retarded. The results of present study will lay a basis for the application of the triploid in germ cell transplantation and the genetic improvement of yellow drum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

External apical root resorption is among the most common risks of orthodontic treatment, and it cannot be completely avoided and predicted. Risk factors causing orthodontic root resorption can generally be divided into patient- and treatment-related factors. Root resorption that occurs during orthodontic treatment is usually detected by radiographical examination. Mild or moderate root absorption usually does no obvious harm, but close attention is required. When severe root resorption occurs, it is generally recommended to suspend the treatment for 3 months for the cementum to be restored. To unify the risk factors of orthodontic root resorption and its clinical suggestions, we summarized the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of more than 20 authoritative experts in orthodontics and related fields in China. After discussion and summarization, this consensus was made to provide reference for orthodontic clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the appiication research of polar code in opical communication system, this paper proposes the combination of power codng modulatlon and optical fiber Moduf Disson Muitiplexing (MDM) system. We construct an MDM system based on it rnterieaved power coding modulation, and study the performance of Maximum Likeiihood (ML) detection algorithm. The simuaation resutts show that the addtion of power code greatly improves the system performance. Compared wkh the MDM system wthout coding, the MDM system with it interieaved potar codng modulation improves the system performance by about 8 dB under the same Mode Dependent Loss (MDL). The paper also shows the performance of ML detection al-gorithm and Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) detection algorithm in MDM system. The impact of different mode ioss on system performances also studied. Compared wth MMSE detection algorithm, ML detection aigorithm improves the error performance by about 3 dB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inverted cone hydrocyclone, used as the downhole separator in the DOWS systems, could be affected by the particles in the produced water, which leads to the erosion on its inlet and the wall, damaging the wall quality, affecting the flow state, thus reducing the separation effect and affecting the service life. In order to investigate the erosion law of the solid particles on the hydrocyclone, the DPM model and the response surface method were used to simulate the interaction between the particles and the separator. The main parameters were found out in this paper along with a multiple regression fitting equation model of the maximum wear rate of the hydrocyclone's wall. The results show that under the action of sand-bearing well fluid, the flow velocity, the concentration and the size of the solid particles have significant effects on the inlet and cylindrical section of the downhole inverted cone hydroyclone with the tangential inlet. Within the range of operating parameters, the maximum wear rates of the inlet and cylindrical section increase significantly with the increase of these three parameters. The multiple regression fitting equation model can be used to predict the abrasion degree and service life of the inverted cone hydrocyclone, as the correlation coefficient R-squared is 0.9403, the maximum relative error is 4.91%, and the average relative error is 3.52%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to clarify the effect of solar-power water lifting equipment in the application of water supply in Qinghai pastoral areas, this paper uses the solar water supply model to establish a pilot site for solar-power water supply in these areas. Based on the field test observation data, the equipment practical application of solar deep well water lifting, solar shallow well DC pump water lifting, and solar battery water lifting are analyzed. The results indicate that the daily water withdrawals of the battery-free water lifting equipment are the highest in July and August, and the lowest in December. The stable output characteristics also have battery equipment achieving the standard of three consecutive days without energy storage, and ensuring water supply needs. The guarantee rate of water supply for 3 types of equipment is 91.5%, 92.3% and 95.7% respectively, which can meet the annual water supply demand of water users in Qinghai pastoral areas. This paper can provide a theoretical basis for the promotion of clean energy water supply in Qinghai pastoral areas, which is of great significance to ensure safe water supply for pastoralists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This study explored the adaptability of a new variety of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) to changes of ammonia nitrogen in environment. [Method] The weights of sea cucumbers were (30. 2 ± 0. 2) g/ind and (59. 2 ± 0. 8) g/ind and the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen were 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/L. The survival and growth of sea cucumbers and changes in activities of four non-specific immune enzymes (SOD, CAT, ACP and AKP) in coelomic fluid were studied. [Result] Ammonia nitrogen stress had significant effects on survival rate and growth of sea cucumber Luhai No. 1. When the concentration of ammonia nitrogen was 10 mg/L, both groups showed excreted internal organs, melted skin and death. The sea cucumbers in group A with 10 mg/L ammonia nitrogen had the lowest survival rate of 87. 2%. Body weight and specific growth rate (SGR) of sea cucumbers decreased with the increase of ammonia nitrogen concentration. The SGR of 4,6,8 and 10 mg/L ammonia nitrogen groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0. 05). With the increase of exposure time, activities of SOD, CAT, ACP and AKP of sea cucumbers at different concentrations of ammonia nitrogen increased first and then decreased. On the 5th day of ammonia nitrogen stress, activities of SOD and CAT in some experimental groups with 2 and 4 mg/L ammonia nitrogen reached peaks. On the 15th day of ammonia nitrogen stress, activities of SOD, CAT, ACP and AKP in groups with 8 and 10 mg/L ammonia nitrogen were lower than those in the control group, and most of them showed significant differences (P<0. 05). [Conclusion] The concentration of ammonia nitrogen in aquaculture environment should be controlled below 6 mg/L to reduce adverse effects on sea cucumber Luhai No. 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective · To explore the feasibility of individualized treatment of malignant pleural effusion (MPE) patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) guided by in vitro high-throughput drug sensitivity screening system. Methods · Thirty NSCLC patients with MPE treated in Nanjing Chest Hospital from January 2019 to May 2020 were included. The tumor cells in MPE were collected and isolated, and primary cells were cultured. The ex vivo drug sensitivity of primary cells was assessed for 30 chemotherapeutical and molecular targeted drugs by using the high-throughput drug sensitivity screening system of automated digital fluorescence imager. The consistency between the drug sensitivity assay results and the clinical efficacy of patients was evaluated. Results · The ex vivo drug sensitivity results of primary tumor cells cultured from MPE revealed considerable heterogeneity in drug response. Most of the primary cells were sensitive to Epirubicin, Lobaplatin, Gemcitabine and Irinotecan. Clinical efficacy of 23 patients can be evaluated. For patients with previously untreated, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive advanced NSCLC, the consistency between the efficacy of targeted therapy and the high-throughput drug sensitivity assay results was 44.4% (4/9). For the EGFR negative untreated patients and EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to targeted treatment, the consistency between the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy and the heighthroughput drug sensitivity assay results was 85.7% (12/14). Conclusion · The high-throughput drug sensitivity assay based on MPE primary cell culture in NSCLC patients has a high consistency with the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy, which is helpful for decision-making of personalized chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, isothermal amplification technology has shown great potential in the field of pathogen detection by virtue of its advantages in high-efficiency amplification of nucleic acids under constant temperature conditions. Malaria and Babesia, as two types of parasitic diseases that seriously endanger human health, have similar clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods. Two types of parasitic diseases are at risk of misdiagnosis. At the same time, these two types of parasitic diseases can be spread through blood. Therefore, efficient and rapid detection technology is of great significance for the diagnosis of malaria and Babesiosis and ensuring the safety of blood products. In this paper, four types of isothermal amplification techniques, including loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), recombinase polymerase amplificatio (RPA), recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) and helicase-dependent amplification (HDA) for Plasmodium and Babesia, are reviewed in this article. The principle, characteristics and detection methods of technology are reviewed and their application prospects are prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] Growth characteristics, early allosteric growth patterns and correlation between morphological characters and body weight of 12-month old Apostichopus japonicus were investigated to provide reference for cultivation and healthy breeding of sea cucumber. [Method] Body length, body width and total weight of sea cucumber in hatchery were measured under natural water temperature. A compound index that the length and width were combined to produce the SLW index (square root of length multiplied width) and its associated transformation like Le (estimated length) were evaluated the growth of sea cucumber. Growth parameters and correlations between morphological characters and body weight were assessed. [Result] The weight of sea cucumber cultured for 12 months was 0.03-85.35 g under water temperature of 2.0-30.8 °C. The average weight of cultured populations of sea cucumber was (9.8 ± 9.4) g with variable coefficient of 96.1%. The weight frequency distributions of sea cucumber showed single kurtosis, right avertence and asymmetrically distribution. Large-size and medium-size individuals had high proportions with 78.8% individuals in medium-size range of 1-17 g, followed by 15.4% individuals in large-size range of 17-50 g. About 0.6% individuals had high growth performance and reached commercial grade of larger than 70 g. Power model was appropriate to evaluate morphometric relationship between body length/body weight. Estimated theoretical length (Le) was better in fitting than body length. Twelve-month-old Apostichopus japonicus were in the mode of negative allometric growth with faster growth in body length than in body weight. [Conclusion] Sea cucumber at the age of 12 months showed better growth in morphological characters than in body weight. In the process of seedling cultivation and breeding, it is necessary to provide suitable living environment and nutrition conditions for best breeding outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radix glehniae, the dry root of Glehnia littoralis, can be used as medicine and food. It has been used to clear lung heat, to relieve cough and to moisten lung in clinical application. Pharmacological research shows that it possesses anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. However, the molecular mechanism of its anti-inflammatory effect is still not clear. In this study, the databases of TCMSP, PubChem, SEA, UniProt, GeneCards were used to collect the active compounds of Radix glehniae, the corresponding targets of these active compounds and the anti-inflammatory targets. The molecular target network was also constructed using the active components and anti-inflammatory target based on the network nodes. Furthermore, the protein-protein interactions, GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment were analyzed based on the network node. Eight components, such as quercetin, β-sitosterol and stigmasterol were obtained as the active components of Radix glehniae. There were 92 anti-inflammatory targets, including JUN, CASP3, EGFR, AKT1, HSP90AA1, TGFB1, PGR, MET, PLAU, PIM1, and PIK3R1, which are involved in pathways, such as estrogen signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathway, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway etc. The characteristics of multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways for Radix glehniae can provide a new way and direction for further study on anti-inflammatory mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]