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Objective: To analyze the effects of visual restoration after cataract surgery on plantar pressure and biomechanics of foot in elder individuals., Methods: Thirty-two patients [male/female 5/27, (70.1±5.2) years old] with age-related cataract were recruited between October 2016 and December 2019. The footscan system was employed to record the data of plantar pressure during level walking before and 1-month after the cataract surgery. Parameters of peak pressure (PP), impulse (I), pressure-time integral (PTI) and time to peak pressure (TPP) from the regions of the 1st toe (T1), 2nd to 5th toes (T2-5), 1st to 5th metatarsal heads (M1-M5), midfoot (MF), medial hindfoot (HM) and lateral hindfoot (HL) were analyzed respectively., Results: Post-operatively, the visual function was effectively reconstructed with improved visual acuity in both eyes ( Z =-4.878, -4.801; P < 0.001). The PP ( t =2.266, P =0.031) and I ( t =2.152, P =0.039) values in M2 region on the dominant side (right foot) increased statistically at post-operative phase, while the changes of pressure and temporal para-meters in other regions remained stable. There was laterality in plantar pressure at pre-operative phase, manifested as greater PP values in M1, M2, MF, and HM regions on the dominant sides ( t =-2.414, -2.478, -2.144, -5.269; P < 0.05), greater PP values in T1, M3, M5 and HL regions on the non-dominant sides ( t =4.830, 3.155, 2.686, 3.683; P < 0.05), greater I values in M1, MF, and HM regions on the dominant sides ( t =-2.380, -2.185, -5.320; P < 0.05) and greater I values in T1, M3, M5 and HL regions on the non-dominant sides ( t =4.489, 2.247, 2.838, 3.992; P < 0.05). post-operatively, the pressure tended to be compatible between the two sides in regions of M3 and MF, while the magnitude of laterality in regions of M1 ( Z PP△ = -2.721, P =0.007; Z I△ =-2.581, P =0.010), M2 ( Z PP△ =-2.674, P =0.007; Z I△ =-2.375, P =0.018) and M5 ( Z PP△ =1.991, P =0.046; Z I△ =2.150, P =0.032) was further increased., Conclusion: Changes in plantar pressure after cataract surgery were characterized as increased pressure in the 2nd metatarsal head area on the dominant side. Visual restoration might intensify the laterality in the medial of forefoot on the dominant side and the lateral of forefoot on the non-dominant side.

Objective: To measure the electroencephalography (EEG) of the patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture when performing joint position perception movement task, to compare the differences between the ACL rupture side and the unaffected side, to identify the EEG change in the power spectrum caused by the ACL rupture, and to provide evidence for the diagnosis, treatment and rehabi-litation for ACL injury as well as knee instability., Methods: Sixteen male patients, selected from the Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital from November 2014 to April 2015, with only ACL rupture on one side used isokinetic muscle strength testing equipment were enrolled in the study to perform unilateral active knee joint positional movement and passive knee joint positional movement tasks. EEG was recorded to compare between the affected and unaffected limb of ACL rupture patients when doing single leg movement tasks, including passive knee joint position test and active knee joint position sensation test. The target position of the active knee joint position movement task and the passive knee joint position movement task was 30 degrees of knee flexion., Results: During the passive knee joint position test, there was no significant difference in EEG power spectrum of Delta[ F (1, 15)=0.003, P =0.957, η P 2 =0.001], Theta[ F (1, 15)=0.002, P =0.962, η P 2 < 0.001], Alpha[ F (1, 15)=0.002, P =0.966, η P 2 =0.001], Beta[ F (1, 15)=0.008, P =0.929, η P 2 =0.001] at Fz, Cz, and Pz between the affected and unaffected limbs in the ACL patients. During the active knee joint position movement task, the EEG power spectrum of Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta at Fz and Cz location, on the affected side was significant higher than on the unaffected side., Conclusion: This study compared the differences between the ACL rupture side and the unaffected side during active knee position movement task and passive knee position movement task, and identifyied the EEG changes in the power spectrum caused by the ACL rupture, It was found that the central changes caused by unilateral ACL rupture still existed during contralateral (unaffected) side movement. The EEG power spectrum of the affected side during active exercise was significantly higher than that of the unaffected side This study provides new electrophysiological evidence for the study of ACL injury.

Objective: To explore the stress distribution characteristics of the graft after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, so as to provide theoretical reference for the surgical plan of ACL reconstruction., Methods: Based on 3D MRI and CT images, finite element models of the uninjured knee joint and knee joint after ACL reconstruction were established in this study. The uninjured knee model included femur, tibia, fibula, medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament, ACL and posterior cruciate ligament. The ACL reconstruction knee model included femur, tibia, fibula, medial collateral ligament, lateral collateral ligament, ACL graft and posterior cruciate ligament. Linear elastic material properties were used for both the uninjured and ACL reconstruction models. The elastic modulus of bone tissue was set as 17 GPa and Poisson' s ratio was 0.36. The material properties of ligament tissue and graft were set as elastic modulus 390 MPa and Poisson's ratio 0.4. The femur was fixed as the boundary condition, and the tibia anterior tension of 134 N was applied as the loading condition. The stress states of the ACL of the intact joint and the ACL graft after reconstruction were solved and analyzed, including tension, pressure, shear force and von Mises stress., Results: The maximum compressive stress (6.34 MPa), von Mises stress (5.9 MPa) and shear stress (1.83 MPa) of the reconstructed ACL graft were all at the anterior femoral end. It was consistent with the position of maximum compressive stress (8.77 MPa), von Mises stress (8.88 MPa) and shear stress (3.44 MPa) in the ACL of the intact knee joint. The maximum tensile stress of the graft also appeared at the femoral end, but at the posterior side, which was consistent with the position of the maximum tensile stress of ACL of the uninjured knee joint. More-over, the maximum tensile stress of the graft was only 0.88 MPa, which was less than 2.56 MPa of ACL of the uninjured knee joint., Conclusion: The maximum compressive stress, von Mises stress and shear stress of the ACL graft are located in the anterior femoral end, and the maximum tensile stress is located in the posterior femoral end, which is consistent with the position of the maximum tensile stress of the ACL of the uninjured knee joint. The anterior part of ACL and the graft bore higher stresses than the posterior part, which is consistent with the biomechanical characteristics of ACL.

Objective: To analyze characteristics and related factors of the plantar pressure during the level walking and single leg standing in the chronic ankle instability (CAI) individuals., Methods: From April 2019, 75 CAI individuals and 40 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. Both of the static and dynamic plantar pressure were measured during six times level walking and three times single leg standing testing. The data including peak force, time to peak force in various foot contact areas and the time to boundary (TTB) and velocity of center of pressure (COP) were measured and compared between the affected side and the unaffected side and between the CAI cases and the healthy individuals. The correlations between the plantar pressure and the gender, Beighton score, affected side and body mass index (BMI) were analyzed., Results: The characteristics of plantar pressure distribution in the CAI individuals included: (1) During the level walking, the affected side showed the similar pressure contribution as the unaffected side ( P >0.05). While compared with healthy individuals, there was a significantly higher peak force in the 5th metatarsal area ( t =-3.86, P =0.03) of the affected side, lower peak force in the 1st ( t =2.99, P =0.02), 2nd metatarsal head areas ( t =2.09, P =0.01) of the affected side, medial hindfoot areas of both sides (affected, t =2.33, P =0.01; unaffected, t =3.74, P =0.02) and toes areass of both sides (affected, t =2.23, P =0.01; unaffected, t =3.28, P =0.02) and a delay to peak force in the 4th metatarsal head area ( t =3.33, P =0.01) of the affected side. (2) During the single leg standing, the CAI individuals showed significantly worse balance control in the anterior/posterior direction ( P < 0.05) and lateral/medial direction ( P < 0.05) compared with the healthy controls, and the affected side had more severe balance control deficit in the lateral/medial direction ( P < 0.05). (3) The women ( P < 0.05) and the individuals with higher Beighton scores ( P < 0.05) showed worse balance control deficit in the lateral/medial direction., Conclusion: CAI individuals showed significantly a more lateral shifted plantar distribution during the level walking compared with the healthy individuals and the tendency was worse on the affected sides, and showed worse balance control in the anterior/posterior direction and lateral/medial direction during the single leg standing. The women and those with generalized ligament laxity showed significantly worse balance control.

The variation of volatile oils has been studied for GC-MS in different processed samples of Daphne genkwa. The results show that the contents of volatile oils in each processed sample are lower than these in the raw one, and the composition of those oils is greatly varied. The vinegar-fried and vinegar-boiled samples give more unknown ingredients.

We report a rare case of Turner's syndrome coexisting with thyrotoxicosis and parathyroid adenocarcinoma resulting in hyperparathyroidism. This 45-year-old female patient presented with primary amenorrhea and poor development of secondary sexual characteristics. She also experienced repeated bone fractures, and body weight loss. Multiple risk factors of osteoporosis developed simultaneously in this patient. The interesting interactive relationship of hypercalcemia between thyrotoxicosis and primary hyperparathyroidism was noted. The best choice was surgery for both cases. Calcium supplements and various hormone replacements in addition to regular investigative radionuclide scans were required.

Pituitary Apoplexy is a rare but sometimes life threatening condition which requires prompt recognition and timely medical intervention to avoid catastrophic consequences. From January 1979 to June 1989 and total of one hundred and ninety eight pituitary tumor patients were operated on our hospital. Eighteen cases (9.1%) were diagnosed "pituitary apoplexy" according to histopathological findings. The group consisted of twelve men and six women ranging in age from twenty two to sixty one years with a mean of forty. There were three cases of prolactin-secreting adenomas (16.7%), four growth-hormone secreting adenomas (22.2%), and eleven nonfunctional adenomas (61.1%) with an incidence of 6.1%, 8.3%, and 11.4% respectively (P > 0.05). Clinical manifestation occurred acutely in 66.7% and nonacutely in 33.3%. The patients presented with headaches (100%), visual impairment (83.3%), visual field defects (66%), disturbed consciousness (22%), fever and meningismus (11%). Radiological examinations able to demonstrate abnormalities included plain skull films (84%), computed tomography (84.6%), and angiography (93.8%). Various investigations of endocrine function pre and post operatively showed a deficient gonad axis (53%, 62.5%), adrenal axis (26.7%, 56.2%), and thyroid axis (20%, 43.8%). Sixteen cases received a transsphenoid operation and three cases underwent a transfrontal craniotomy. No case of mortality was reported. Postoperative radiotherapy was given to nine cases and nine cases were followed up on a regular basis. Therefore, our retrospective study suggests that pituitary apoplexy is not uncommon and has an acute clinical presentation. No particular tumor type was prone to occur. Various radiological examinations could define perisellar abnormalities. With a decreasing order of hormone deficiency, gonad, adrenal and thyroid axis were observed during the course of treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The thyroid carcinoma is rare in children and the optimal management is rather controversial. We report a case of a 7-year-old boy who had right neck masses and proved to be papillary thyroid carcinoma after near-total thyroidectomy. Post-operative 20 mCi radioiodine-131 (I-131) ablation scan, lung metastasis was suspected but the chest X ray was normal. After being lost to follow up for 4 years, the patient returned with the complaints of cough; the chest X ray was still normal. He then received 5 treatment with low dose (30 mCi) I-131 therapy and continued thyroxine replacement. Progressive decrease both of the thyroglobulin level and the intensity of radioactivity of lung were noted. After a total doses of 193 mCi I-131 therapy, neither pulmonary fibrosis nor bone marrow suppression was seen. Although the low dose (< or = 30 mCi) I-131 therapy was recommended, it was limited for the ablation therapy of the remnant thyroid tissue. Upon consideration of economics and the convenience of not being admitted to the isolation room, the low dose I-131 therapy seems feasible for children with thyroid carcinoma with systemic disease. However, the long term efficacy needs further evaluation.

Cushing's syndrome with pregnancy is rare, and only about 60 cases have been reported. In the recent 4 years, 3 cases were diagnosed in Chang Gang Memorial Hospital. They presented with serious maternal complications early in the second month of pregnancy, including hypertension, proteinuria and lower leg edema. Unfortunately it was not diagnosed until the 20th week of pregnancy. They had the same hormone profile as other Cushing's syndrome patients who were not pregnant. Under the supportive treatment they had outcomes of two premature deliveries and one still birth. Just after delivery all patients received left adrenalectomy and pathology showed adenoma. All of them had good recovery courses. According to the literature, early treatment (surgical operation, medical treatment, or irradiation) could decrease maternal morbidity and fetal loss rate.

We report a case of congenital hypothyroidism, presenting with growth and mental retardation since childhood, but in which the diagnosis was not made until he was 17 years old. Because of such an unusually long delay in treatment, we focussed on the growth catch-up. This included the change of skeletal growth, puberty and mentality after a 4-year treatment period. He was 114 cm in height (height age 5.5 years) with the upper segment measuring 60 cm and lower segment 54 cm (U/L ratio 1.1). His bone age was that of a six year old and he had no secondary sexual characteristics. IQ testing showed a full scale IQ of 68, verbal IQ 74 and performance IQ 64. After 4 years of treatment, his height caught up to 152 cm (height age 12.5 years), with the upper segment 77.2 cm, and that of lower segment 74.8 cm (U/L ratio 1.03). The bone age had advanced to that of a 17 year old. His pubic hair emerged after 18 months of therapy (at a chronologic age of 18.5 years), accompanied by a normalization of testosterone and a normal response to a GnRH test. His IQ test was rechecked after 2 years of treatment. His full scale IQ was 78, verbal IQ 77 and performance IQ 83. In the mean time, the patient got a job being more alert, active and self-confident following his growth catch-up.