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The experiment was to comparative analysis of muscle fatty acid composition in 12 local chicken breeds. Based on the results of previous studies, the nutritional composition and muscle fatty acid content of 12 chicken breeds (White-eared chicken, Langshan chicken, Xiaoshan chicken, Beijing-You chicken, Silky chicken, Yugan black chicken, Chongren Ma chicken, Sanhuang chicken, Kangle chicken, Tibetan chicken, Wuding chicken and Dawei Mountain chicken) were analyzed. The results showed that the system hydraulic force, shear force and pH value of Sanhuang chickens were better than Xiaoshan chickens, White-eared chickens and Beijing-You chickens. The crude fat content of Tibetan chicken was significantly higher than that of the other 11 chicken breeds. The amino acid nutritional value of Sanhuang chicken, White-eared chicken and Tibetan chicken was higher. Silky chicken had the highest relative content of saturated fatty acids (44.96%) and Tibetan chicken had the lowest saturated fatty acid content (31.67%). Tibetan chicken had the highest unsaturated fatty acid (68.22%) and unsaturated fatty acids of Langshan chicken and Silky chicken were the lowest (54.34% and 54.43%). The first six principal components obtained by principal component analysis could explain 69.153% of total variance, of which the first, second and third principal components explained 27.352%, 25.371% and 16.431% of total variance, respectively. The phylogenetic clustering diagram based on principal component values classified 12 local chicken breeds in China into four categories, Yugan black chicken, Sanhuang chicken, Kangle chicken and Chongren Ma chicken were in one category. Beijing-You chicken, Tibetan chicken and Wuding chicken were in one category. Xiaoshan chickens, Dawei Mountain chickens, Langshan chickens and Silky chickens were in one category. White-eared chickens formed independent branches. The study indicates that unsaturated fatty acids of Tibetan chicken, Yugan black chicken and Sanhuang chicken are significantly higher than saturated fatty acids and their composition was more in line with standard of human diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By taking the meristem of Strobilanthes cusia cultivated in Putian as the material and using the conventional method, the effects of different sampling sites, sampling time, pretreatment with different reagents and dissociation time on the preparation of chromosomes in Strobilanthes cusia were studied, and the karyotype was analyzed. The results showed that: by taking the root apical meristem as the material, the root apical meristem was sampled at 8:00 and 8:30 a. m., pretreated with 0. 1% colchicine solution at room temperature for 0. 5 h, fixed with Carnoy for 4 h, and then bathed with 1 mol · L-1 hydrochloric acid at 60°C for 8 min, and stained with carbol fuchsin for 8 min, thus the chromosomes with good dispersion and clear shape could be obtained. The karyotype analysis showed that there were 32 chromosomes in Strobilanthes cusia. The karyotype formula of Strobilanthes cusia was 2x=2n=32=4sm+28m, the karyotype was 1 B, and the asymmetry coefficient was 59. 54%. It indicated that the evolution rate of Strobilanthes cusia cultivated in Putian was slow in the relatively stable natural environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the efficiency problem in vector map visualization with the traditional vector map visualization model, and to improve the capability of parallel processing for vector maps, a new approach for parallel visualization of vector maps is proposed, based on vector data spatial distribution information. This research focuses on the principles related to the collection, retrieval and analysis of vector data spatial distribution information. A workflow for decomposition and parallel processing are elaborated in this paper. Eventually, when all of the computing resources in a server cluster are sufficiently utilized, the parallel visualization of vector data can be realized. Simulation results demonstrate that the new approach proposed in this paper can improve the capability of a map server cluster, to meet the needs of massive concurrent users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oocyte quality is one of the key factors that affect the efficiency of human assisted reproductive technology (ART). Current clinical data and basic research results showed that a part of oocytes from ART were abnormal in spindle assembly, gene expression, organelle morphology and function, etc. Those abnormalities could lead to lower rate of embryo development and some long-term health risks of offspring. Thus, the identification of the most competent oocyte can optimize translation process and improve the outcome of ART. However, the lack of reliable and objective predictive marker for oocyte/embryo selection during IVF-ET greatly hindered the clinical application of this technology. This article reviewed the existing methods to evaluate the oocyte quality, providing us some basis and guidance for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oocyte quality is one of the key factors that affect the efficiency of human assisted reproductive technology (ART). Current clinical data and basic research results showed that a part of oocytes from ART were abnormal in spindle assembly, gene expression, organelle morphology and function, etc. Those abnormalities could lead to lower rate of embryo development and some long-term health risks of offspring. Thus, the identification of the most competent oocyte can optimize translation process and improve the outcome of ART. However, the lack of reliable and objective predictive marker for oocyte/embryo selection during IVF-ET greatly hindered the clinical application of this technology. This article reviewed the existing methods to evaluate the oocyte quality, providing us some basis and guidance for clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study explored the changes in the proportions of cross-boundary emergent care (CBEC) visits from 2001 to 2010 based on the emergent care flow among 50 subregions in Taiwan. Methods: Approximately 2 million randomly sampled representative beneficiaries from the National Health Insurance database were used as the data source for analysis. A modified New York University algorithm was applied to classify emergency department (ED) visits to emergent care, as well as ED visits resulting in hospitalization. Subsequently, 50 medical subregions were used as the analytical units to calculate the proportion of CBEC visits between 2001 and 2010 in Taiwan. Paired t tests were applied to examine the differences in CBEC flow over one decade, and the ratio of the third quartile (Q3) to the first quartile (Q1) was presented to reflect the regional variation in CBEC flow. Finally, the 50 subregions were divided into low, medium, and high groups according to their CBEC flows in 2001, and the differences in the CBEC and emergent care capacities between 2001 and 2010 were compared. Results: The average proportion of CBEC visits nonsignificantly declined from 43.4% in 2001 to 41.2% in 2010. The Q3 to Q1 ratio slightly decreased from 2.19 to 2.13 in that decade. However, the CBEC flow in the subregions in high CBEC groups significantly decreased, accompanied by a significant increase in emergent care capacity, even when the CBEC rate remained as high as 57.7% in 2010. Conclusions: The proportion of CBEC visits did not significantly decrease from 2001 to 2010 in spite of health policies dedicating to allocate emergent care resources more equitably across subregions. Nevertheless, the subregions with higher CBEC flows improved significantly as emergent care capacity was enhanced, in spite of continuously maintaining higher CBEC flow, indicating that allocating more emergent care resources into these subregions is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cascading failure of the logistics network caused by emergency can have great effect on the security operation of the network. For this reason, this paper built a cascading failure model based on the local information of logistics nodes, for studying and analyzing the effect on the logistics network. The simulation results indicate that: it can resist largely damage caused by cascade failure with less load capacity setting. The more important the node is, the more destructive to logistics network if it failed. The greater the average degree of logistics network, the stronger ability to resist the cascading failure. Lastly, the research has academic guidance significance to enhance the efficient to emergency program and control efficiency in the logistics network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the shift quality of automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) , the engine control during gear shifting process is divided into speed control mode and torque control mode based on the analyses on the ideal speed and torque curves of engine, and a CAN bus-based engine control strategy for gear shifting is worked out. The results of test on Unimog U4000 vehicle show that the engine control strategy proposed meets the requirement of real-timeness with shorter shift time and less vehicle speed losses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to enable better management of laboratorys and monitor the state of laboratory environment for lab managers, laboratory environment monitoring system based on Android phone is presented. It realizes the laboratory environment monitoring on the palm. The system is composed of sensor nodes and controUers, GPRS communication module and Android monitoring software. The system testing result shows that all monitoring functions are realized and works weU. The system can be applied to other areas needed to be monitored after the functions are modified and extended, so it has its research value and practical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective * To investigate the role of ferroptosis in muscle regeneration after injury induced by cardiotoxin (CTX). Methods * CTX was injected into the tibialis anterior (TA) of fifteen 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice at the upper, middle and lower points. After injection, TA tissue of the mice was collected at 0 d, 3 d and 7 d respectively (n=5) to detect injury by hematoxylineosin (H-E) staining. Meanwhile, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting were used respectively to detect the expression levels of muscle regeneration-related indexes and ferroptosis-related genes from RNA and protein levels, respectively. At the same time, forty-five 8-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were divided into 3 groups before CTX injection: saline control group, iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) treatment group and ferroptosis inhibitor UAMC-3203 treatment group (n=15). CTX was injected into TA, and muscle tissue was collected at 0 d, 3 d and 7 d respectively. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology and bioinformatics were used to analyze the effect of ferroptosis inhibitor pretreatment on muscle injury and regeneration after CTX injection. H-E staining and qPCR were utilized to analyze the effect of ferroptosis inhibitor on the expression levels of muscle regeneration-related genes. Results * The muscle injury and regeneration model was successfully established by CTX injection, as revealed by H-E staining. The increase of ferroptosis-related genes including acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (Acsl4) and heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox-1) at both RNA and protein levels was observed, suggesting the occurrence of ferroptosis during muscle injury. There was severe muscle injury at day 3, which was detected by the up-regulation of myogenic differentiation antigen (Myod), myogenin (Myog), and tenascin-c (Tnc), followed by declines at day 7. According to the analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway of RNA-seq differential genes, it was found that UAMC-3203 treatment group had significant changes in neutrophil degranulation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phospholipids in phagocytosis compared with CTX injection alone. And the expression of cathepsin S (Ctss) was much higher in the UAMC-3203 treatment group. More importantly, the expression of muscle regeneration-related genes were dramatically inhibited by both UAMC-3203 and DFO injection. Conclusion * Inhibition of ferroptosis slows down the process of muscle regeneration to a certain degree, suggesting that ferroptosis may play a key role in facilitating muscle regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clostridium butyricum is an anaerobic heterotrophic Gram-positive Bacillus, which can produce butyric acid and lactic acid. As a kind of probiotics, Clostridium butyricum is widely found in the intestinal tract of humans and animals. The characteristics of Clostridium butyricum are safety, high temperature resistance, gastric acid resistance, bile salt resistance, and so on. Adding proper amount of Clostridium butyricum in diet can improve animal growth performance, enhance animal immunity and antioxidant function, improve livestock and poultry product quality, adjust intestinal microecological balance, and promote intestinal health. Compared with antibiotics, Clostridium butyricum can effectively reduce drug residue, which has the advantages of green environmental protection and no drug resistance. It is an ideal substitute for dietary antibiotics. The paper reviews the characteristics, biological functions and mechanism of Clostridium butyricum, and summarizes the applications of Clostridium butyricum in poultry production, in order to provide a reference for reasonable application of Clostridium butyricum in poultry production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the visual tracing problem, this paper presented a visual tracing method based on interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm using HSV color model. It acquired the moving characteristics of the target by means of the filter function of IMM algorithm, and predicted the location of the target by IMM algorithm with one-step or N-steps. After obtaining the next observation frame, it searched the target in the predictive area. Thus in this way, it reduced the search area, saved the search time and increased the ability of real-time tracking. This method was put into practice to search and track the red ball in Robo-Cup. Experiment results show that the moving target can be searched quickly and tracked correctly. The moving characteristics of the target can be obtained with the proposed algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Curcumin (CUR) is a natural compound with various pharmacological effects, including anticancer, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, lipid-lowering, and immune-regulating properties. It can be employed as a novel feed additive in livestock and poultry feed. Adding an appropriate amount of CUR to feed can improve the production performance of broilers, enhance immunity, improve the quality of animal products, and alleviate the hepatotoxicity caused by aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in broilers. This article elaborates on the physiological functions of CUR and its impact on the broiler production performance, meat quality, immune function, antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism, and intervention against AFB1 to provide reference for the promotion and rational application of CUR as a new feed additive in broiler production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sense of smell plays an important role in daily activities of mammals. Olfaction is a complex biological process. Volatile odor molecules specifically bind to olfactory receptors (OR) present in olfactory epithelial cells to exert the biological function of olfaction. OR in the air through olfactory receptors and sends signals to the brain about the location of food, potential mates, predators and harmful substances. Detects olfactory substances also found in organs other than the nasal cavity, bind to molecules such as nutrients and metabolites in the animal's internal environment to trigger a physiological response. The article mainly focuses on the structure, distribution, polymorphism, function, related signaling pathways of OR genes and the role of smell in animal feeding, in order to provide reference for studying the role of olfactory in animal feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heilongjiang province, with an important responsibility for food security, is in the middle-high latitudes. Thermal resource is an important factor restricting agricultural production in the province. Meanwhile its climate warming has been significantly higher than the national average in the past 60 years. Changes in thermal time and thermal time zones play decisive roles in the distribution of agricultural varieties, the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, and the formation of output. Using daily and monthly average temperature data of 31 national meteorological stations in Heilongjiang province from 1961 to 2020 and "Grid dataset of monthly average surface temperature in mainland China revised based on the urbanization deviation", changes of thermal time above 10° in Heilongjiang province before and after de-urbanization were analyzed. The results show that after removing the effects of urbanization, the linear change trend and rate of change tendency of thermal time from 1961 to 2020 have slowed down in Heilongjiang province. In the past 30 years during 1991 to 2020, the average thermal time generally decreased after de-urbanization. The increase thermal time caused by urbanization was below 100°C ·d in most areas. The amount of Huma, Heihe, Shangzhi and Bei'an exceeds 100°·d, and Sunwu exceeds 200°·d. Five of six thermal time zones in Heilongjiang province were adjusted due to the removal of urbanization. The range of First Zone was greatly reduced, which led to a significant increase in Second Zone, and Third, Fourth, and Fifth Zones moved south. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The working characteristics of the principle prototype of a single piston hydraulic free-piston diesel engine (HFPDE) are studied. The results indicate that the piston dynamics of HFPDE differs from those of conventional engines, and the frequency of piston movement can be controlled and hence the power can be adjusted by changing the dwelling time of piston at the bottom dead center. The main combustion phase in HPFDE is rapid combustion phase, in which most of the fuel bums, resulting in higher rate of heat release. The responsibility of suction and discharge valves in pump chamber has certain effects on the building up process of pump chamber pressure. Raising their responsibility can improve combustion, increase hydraulic power output and enhance the efficiency of HFPDE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the unwanted pregnancy, and its causes, in those postpartum lactation women in one year after cesarean section, so as to develop personalized intervention in practice. Methods: The questionnaire survey was firstly done in those lying-in women during hospitalization after cesarean section by well-trained investigators. The questionnaire survey was done again after 1 year, or when they used effective contraceptives. Results: 68.3% of women got the contraceptive knowledge from internet in general, 61.5% of women restarted sexual activities in 2-3 months after delivery. The optimal chances for those women after childbirth to get contraceptive knowledge were medical guidance during hospitalization, query from internet by themselves, and postpartum follow -up visit by community doctors. There were 3% subjects who had their unwanted pregnancies in one year after delivery. In those women with unwanted pregnancies, 51.7% women did not know the available methods of emergency contraception, 72.4% women didn't know the right time of emergency contraception, and 41.4% women did not understand the dangerousness of re -pregnancy during lactation and abortion in one years after delivery. Conclusions: The important way to guide the maternal contraception is to set some columns in the governmental websites of maternal and child health care, or/and to develop professional mechanism of online consulting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a serine/threonine phosphatase consisting of three subunits, namely A, B and C. Studies have shown that PP2A plays an important role in energy metabolism, DNA damage and repair, protein translation, cell cycle regulation and signal transduction by catalyzing the dephosphorylation of proteins and participating in the regulation of a variety of enzymes and transcription factors. This article reviews the structure and regulation of PP2A, its effect on energy metabolism and the occurrence of related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the root morphology and potassium nutrition characteristics of different genotypes of Erianthus arundinaceum under the different potassium levels, and to apply the superior sugarcane germplasm resources and offer a theoretical basis for breeding potassium high efficient sugarcane varieties. [Methods] One low-K tolerant E. anmdinaceum genotype named Yunnan82-85 and two low-K sensitive E. arundinaceum genotypes named Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3 were used as the testing materials. Two potassium levels,high(3.0 mmol·L-1 K+, HK) and low(0.1 mmol·L-1 K+,LK) were set up under the nutrient culture. Plant height, dry weight, potassium content and accumulation in each part of E. arundinaceum, root morphological traits and potassium use efficiency were studied. [Results] The low K+ stress led to significantly decreasing shoot and root dry weight of Yunnan82-85 compared with high K+ level. Shoot dry weight of Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3 grown in low K+ solution were 69.20% and 16.16% of those grown in high K+ solution, whereas root dry weight were 1.22 and 1.06 times more than those in high K+, solution, resrespectively. There was no change in the morphological traits and the ratio of root/shoot of Yunnan82-85 under low and high K+ level. Root total length, surface area, volume and the ratio of root/shoot of Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3 grown in low K+ solution were higher than those grown in high K+ solution. Low K+ condition increased the root development of the genotypes Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3 sensitive to potassium. In addition, the K contents in root of Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3 were lower than those of Yunnan82-85 under both low and high K+ level, but the K contents in shoot of Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3 were 1.2 and 1.3 limes higher than those of Yunnan82-85 under high K+ solution, respectively. Additionally, the potassium accumulations in shoot and whole plant of Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3 were significantly higher than those of Yunnan82-85. two low-K tolerant E. arundinaceum genotype Yunnan82-85 were lower in the potassium absorption, transport and utilization efficiency when compared with the low-K sensitive genotypes ( e. g. Hainan92-109 and Guangxi87-3). [Conclusions] Our results suggested that the low-K sensitive E. arundinaceum genotypes had the bigger root dry weight and the better ability of potassium transportation to adapt the low K+ stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solid-liquid mixed fuel explodes to form a fuel air cloud. The detonation strength depends largely on the air cloud state. The cloud distribution is the base of the design of cloud detonation devices. The dispersal process of solid-liquid mixed fuel is investigated by numerical simulation, and a numerical simulation method of solid-liquid mixed fuel is explored. The diffusion process of fuel dispersal in space and time are obtained. The radial dispersal velocity, cloud range and turbulent diffusion process in simulation agree well with the experimental results. The results show that the numerical model established in this study can simulate the dispersal process of the solid-liquid mixed fuel, which opens a new way of research for the optimal design of FAE devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the complexity of engine control software, the development method of UML-based object-oriented software is introduced. Starting with CCP's requirements on CAN communication, the whole modeling process in developing CAN communication software is described. The CAN communication software for engine embedded control is developed by using UML language with its function verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]