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The genesis and progression of cancer is a process of immunoediting that consists of 3 phases, namely elimination, equilibrium and escape phases. This process is also a microevolutionary game process between the body and the tumor. Data from mouse tumors and some human tumors shows that both T cell-based adaptive immunity and innate lymphoid cell (ILC)-based innate immunity participate in cancer immunoediting. The ILCs, which belong to tissue-resident cells and consist of multiple subsets, are a unique branch of the innate immune system discovered over a decade ago. The characteristics and functions of ILCs exhibit significant heterogeneity and are regulated by a variety of factors secreted by various kinds of cells. ILCs participate not only in the regulation of tissue homeostasis and inflammatory responses, but also, through various mechanisms, in the formation of tumor microenvironment and cancer immunoediting process. This paper studies the classification and characteristics of ILCs and their roles and mechanisms in tumors, aiming to explore new thoughts for the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, immunotherapy has made breakthrough progress in the treatment of multiple malignancies, which has brought significant survival benefits to cancer patients. However, while the immune system recognizes and kills tumor cells, there is immune editing induction, which leads to the innate or acquired resistance of most patients to immunotherapy. Tumor immunological editing is a process in which the immune system inhibits and promotes the development of tumors. The occurrence and development of tumors have gone through three phases: immune elimination, immune balance and immune escape. In the whole process, the immunogenicity of tumor has been edited, and various immunosuppressive mechanisms have been obtained to make the disease progress, which made tumor cells escape from the monitoring of the immune system, leading to the immune escape of tumor cells producing immunotherapy resistance. Therefore, it is important to reveal the mechanism of tumor immunotherapy resistance and how to overcome resistance. In this paper, the mechanism behind the editing process of tumor immunity is discussed in detail to provide references for overcoming immune resistance in clinical practice and achieving better efficacy.