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Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of two approaches under spinal endoscopy in the treatment of L 4-5 intervertebral disc herniation. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for 148 patients with L 4-5 intervertebral disc herniation treated in The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to June 2023. Among them, 68 cases were treated with percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD group), and 80 cases were treated with percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID group). Surgical time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative hospital stay, and clinical efficacy were compared between two groups. Preoperative and postoperative lumbar Oswestry dysfunction index (ODI), VAS score for lower back and leg pain were compared. Results Patients in both groups were followed up for 6-36 months, with an average of 21.6 month. The surgical time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative hospital stay, and intraoperative fluoroscopy in the PEID group were significantly lower than those in the PETD group (P＜0.05). The VAS scores of lower back and leg pain and ODI scores in the two groups at the first day, one month, three months and the last follow-up after operation were improved compared with those before operation (P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in the excellent and good rate between the PETD group and PEID group (95.6% vs 93.8%, χ2=0.016, P=0.898). Conclusion Both approaches under spinal endoscopy can effectively treat L 4-5 intervertebral disc herniation, but the PEID group has shorter operation time and fewer fluoroscopic times, which can effectively shorten the operation time and anesthesia time.

Objective With the rapid increase in construction projects in the western regions in recent years, the impact of seasonal freeze-thaw cycles in the high-altitude areas of western China has become more pronounced. Conducting research on the microscopic characteristics and strength degradation properties of rocks under freeze-thaw cycles is crucial for guiding engineering construction in these cold, high-altitude regions. Methods To study the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on rock structure and mechanical properties, we collected diorite samples from a tunnel in the Kangding area and examined the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on their microstructure and mechanical characteristics. Firstly, thin rock sections were observed under a polarizing microscope to obtain mineral compositions and microstructures. Then, CT scanning technology was used to scan the granite samples after freeze-thaw cycles, and the scanned layers were binarized using threshold segmentation. The scanning images of different layers were binarized using threshold segmentation, and high-resolution 3D data and images of the internal and external structures of the samples were obtained by stacking the binary image layers. Fractal theory was applied to calculate the box-counting dimension of the images and quantitatively assess their complexity. This analysis allowed us to examine the evolution and distribution characteristics of the internal structure of granite under freeze-thaw cycles. Results Under a polarizing microscope, the rock exhibits a block-like structure with a patchy, coarse-grained, and unequal-grained granite texture, with locally visible metasomatic worm structures. The main phenocryst minerals are alkaline feldspar. Other minerals range in size from 0.25 to 4.0 mm and primarily include quartz, plagioclase, and alkaline feldspar. Secondary minerals include biotite and epidote, while accessory minerals comprise apatite, zircon, and pyrite. Microscopically, the rock is identified as porphyritic, coarse-grained, and unequal-grained biotite diorite granite. Freeze-thaw cycles were applied to the granite samples in the laboratory to study the strength evolution and explore the relationship between structural evolution and strength. The results indicate that the freeze-thaw cycle effect leads to an overall increase in the internal porosity of the granite's microstructure, though the rock's permeability changes minimally, with an increase of only 0.003×10−3 μm2. The internal pore development is uneven, primarily due to the emergence of new micropores, causing changes in the overall structure of the sample. After freeze-thaw cycles, the complexity of the internal structure of the rock decreases, but the overall integrity remains good, with the fractal dimension staying at a high level. Fractal analysis shows that 20 freeze-thaw cycles do not cause significant changes in the structural complexity of granite. However, the overall mechanical properties of the sample decline, viscosity increases, and long-term strength shows significant attenuation, raising the strain threshold for entering the creep test stage. Conclusion When evaluating the safety of rocks with dense primary structures, considering only their structure may lead to deviations from the actual situation. It is essential to combine necessary strength indicators for a comprehensive evaluation. After undergoing freeze-thaw cycles, rocks tend to exhibit more significant deformation while maintaining lower strength. Therefore, appropriate treatments are required for construction in high-altitude areas. [ Significance ] This study provides a reference for applying fractal theory to the evolution of rock microstructure and the relationship between rock microstructure and strength evolution. It also offers valuable guidance for engineering construction in high-altitude and cold regions.

ObjectiveTo study the skeletal characteristics of cynomolgus monkeys at different ages, and to provide reference values for skeletal research using cynomolgus monkeys as model animals.MethodsA total of 283 cynomolgus monkeys aged 1-19 years were selected and divided into 8 groups according to sex and age :1 year≤age

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of agomelatin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors （SSRIs） in the treatment of depressive disorder via network Meta-analysis.MethodsThe literature databases such as China National Knowledge Network （CNKI）， Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodical （VIP）， Chinese Biomedical Literature Database （CBM）， PubMed， Embase and Cochrane Library were searched from the inception to November 2021. Based on the preset inclusion and exclusion criteria， literature screening， quality assessment of methodology and data extraction were conducted by two researchers separately， then statistical analysis was carried out using ADDIS software.ResultsA total of 7 256 patients with depressive disorder in 22 randomized controlled trials were included. According to the consistency assessed in Bayesian network Meta-analysis and the estimation of the probability of being the best treatment， escitalopram （P=0.63） ranked first for response rate and paroxetine （P=0.31） was associated with the best ranking for cure rate in terms of the effectiveness， meantime， paroxetine （P=0.44） had the highest adverse events risk and sertraline （P=0.74） had the highest study drop-outs proportion in terms of safety.ConclusionEscitalopram and paroxetine may be superior to sertraline， agomelatine， citalopram and fluoxetine in the treatment of depressive disorder， furthermore， paroxetine and sertraline demonstrate poor safety profiles.

The PBT-poly(trimethylene glycol)(PO3G)-based elastomer was synthesized through meticulous design of molecular structure and polymerization processes. Subsequently, PBT-PO3G elastic filaments were fabricated via a melt spinning process, utilizing PO3G elastomer with a mass fraction of 20% and 30% as raw materials. Comparative analysis with PBTPTMG elastomer and elastic filaments incorporating poly(tetrahydrofuran) (PTMG) with a mass fraction of 30% was conducted to investigate the influence of the odd carbon soft chain segment's structure on the thermodynamic properties of PBT-based elastomers and elastic filaments. Results indicate that the soft phase comprising odd carbon chains exhibits limited crystallization, contributing to enhanced resilience in PBT-based elastomer and elastic filaments. Notably, under a drafting factor of 2.5, the PBT-PO3G elastic filaments with PO3G mass fraction of 30% displays a strength of 1.25 cN/dtex and a 93% recovery rate after 10 cycles of cyclic drawing at a fixed elongation of 10%. The results provide reference for the application of poly (ether ester) in the field of elastic fiber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ObjectiveTo discuss the efficacy of Williams Life Skills Training （WLST） in depressive adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI）.MethodsA total of 88 depressive adolescents with NSSI hospitalized in Suzhou Guangji Hospital from January to June 2019 were selected and grouped according to admission order. The corresponding random number was even in intervention group （n=44） and odd as control group （n=44）. Both groups received a 4-week routine depression care， based on this， intervention group received WLST. All selected individuals were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17）， General Self-Efficacy Scale （GSES） and adolescent student life satisfaction scale at the baseline and end of treatment. Then the incidence of NSSI behavior during hospitalization and the reduction rate of HAMD-17 score at discharge were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe incidence rate of NSSI behavior during hospitalization showed significant difference between groups （χ2=11.702， P=0.001）. HAMD-17， GSES and satisfaction scores at discharge were significantly different from those at admission （tcontrol group=-5.256， 10.690， -21.220； tintervention group=-12.540， 11.300， -32.840， P

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of 7 atypical antipsychotics combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors（SSRIs） in the treatment of refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder by network Meta-analysis.MethodsRandomized controlled trials （RCTs） about atypical antipsychotics and SSRIs in the treatment of refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder were searched in CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP， CBM， PubMed， Embase and Cochrane Library databases from inception to June 2020. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria， the literature screening， date extraction and assessing risk of bias were performed by two researchers independently. Then all statistical analyses were performed using Stata 15.0 software.ResultsA total of 36 RCTs covering 7 atypical antipsychotics and 2 362 patients were included. Network Meta-analysis showed that the surface under the cumulative ranking （SUCAR） of total response rate was the largest in Olanzapine + SSRIs， followed by Paliperidone + SSRIs， Amisulpride + SSRIs， Risperidone + SSRIs， Quetiapine + SSRIs， Ziprasidone + SSRIs， Aripiprazole + SSRIs， SSRIs， and Placebo + SSRIs in turn. In terms of Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） score， the SUCAR was the largest in Amisulpride + SSRIs， followed by Aripiprazole + SSRIs， Quetiapine + SSRIs， Risperidone + SSRIs， and SSRIs in turn. In terms of Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale （TESS） score， the SUCAR was the largest in Amisulpride + SSRIs， followed by SSRIs， Paliperidone + SSRIs， Quetiapine + SSRIs， Ziprasidone + SSRIs， Risperidone + SSRIs， Aripiprazole + SSRIs， and Placebo + SSRIs in turn.ConclusionCompared with single application of SSRIs， its combination with atypical antipsychotics achieves better efficacy and higher safety in treating refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder， with Olanzapine+SSRIs being the most effective and Amisulpride+SSRIs the safest.

[Objective] With the rapid increase in construction projects in the western regions in recent years, the impact of seasonal freeze-thaw cycles in the high-altitude areas of western China has become more pronounced. Conducting research on the microscopic characteristics and strength degradation properties of rocks under freeze-thaw cycles is crucial for guiding engineering construction in these cold, high-altitude regions. [Methods] To study the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on rock structure and mechanical properties, we collected diorite samples from a tunnel in the Kangding area and examined the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on their microstructure and mechanical characteristics. Firstly, thin rock sections were observed under a polarizing microscope to obtain mineral compositions and microstructures. Then, CT scanning technology was used to scan the granite samples after freeze-thaw cycles, and the scanned layers were binarized using threshold segmentation. The scanning images of different layers were binarized using threshold segmentation, and highresolution 3D data and images of the internal and external structures of the samples were obtained by stacking the binary image layers. Fractal theory was applied to calculate the box-counting dimension of the images and quantitatively assess their complexity. This analysis allowed us to examine the evolution and distribution characteristics of the internal structure of granite under freeze-thaw cycles. [Results] Under a polarizing microscope' the rock exhibits a block-like structure with a patchy, coarse-grained, and unequal-grained granite texture, with locally visible metasomatic worm structures. The main phenocryst minerals are alkaline feldspar. Other minerals range in size from 0.25 to 4.0 mm and primarily include quartz, plagioclase, and alkaline feldspar. Secondary minerals include biotite and epidote, while accessory minerals comprise apatite, zircon, and pyrite. Microscopically, the rock is identified as porphyritic, coarse-grained, and unequal-grained biotite diorite granite. Freeze-thaw cycles were applied to the granite samples in the laboratory to study the strength evolution and explore the relationship between structural evolution and strength. The results indicate that the freeze-thaw cycle effect leads to an overall increase in the internal porosity of the granite's microstructure, though the rock's permeability changes minimally, with an increase of only 0.003x10-3 µm² The internal pore development is uneven, primarily due to the emergence of new micropores, causing changes in the overall structure of the sample. After freeze-thaw cycles, the complexity of the internal structure of the rock decreases, but the overall integrity remains good, with the fractal dimension staying at a high level. Fractal analysis shows that 20 freeze-thaw cycles do not cause significant changes in the structural complexity of granite. However, the overall mechanical properties of the sample decline, viscosity increases, and long-term strength shows significant attenuation, raising the strain threshold for entering the creep test stage. [Conclusion] When evaluating the safety of rocks with dense primary structures, considering only their structure may lead to deviations from the actual situation. It is essential to combine necessary strength indicators for a comprehensive evaluation. After undergoing freeze-thaw cycles, rocks tend to exhibit more significant deformation while maintaining lower strength. Therefore, appropriate treatments are required for construction in high-altitude areas. [Significance] This study provides a reference for applying fractal theory to the evolution of rock microstructure and the relationship between rock microstructure and strength evolution. It also offers valuable guidance for engineering construction in high-altitude and cold regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Callicarpa nudiflora can be used as a new green plant feed additive in animal production. The main chemical components of Callicarpa nudiflora are flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, terpenoids, volatile oils, etc. These components play different pharmacological roles in anti-inflammatory, hemostatic, antibacterial, and immune enhancement, which can be used in animal production. In order to promote the further development and citation of Callicarpa nudiflora, the paper summarized the pharmacological activity and mechanism of Callicarpa nudiflora, and summarized its research progress in monogastric animal production, providing a reference for the subsequent development of Callicarpa nudiflora. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the change trend, distribution characteristics and causes of medical malpractices in 18 years, through retrospective analysis of 1 900 cases of medical malpractices, in order to provide guidance for the precaution and the treatment of medical malpractices. Methods A thousand and nine hundred medical malpractice cases that were accepted by Hunan Xiangya Judical Identification Center from 2000 to 2017 were collected. Statistical analysis on the caseloads, the clients, the department distributions, the levels of the hospital and the causes of medical malpractices, etc were conducted. Results The number of cases commissioned by third-party accreditation agencies for medical fault identification was on the rise; The clients of medical malpractices changed significantly in 18 years. Most of the medical malpractice cases occurred in secondary and tertiary hospitals, significantly more in surgery, obstetrics and gynecology. The occurrence of medical malpractices was related to the doctor’s insufficient prediction of the severity of the disease and the possible complications, and failure to fully inform the relevant duty of care, etc. Conclusion China’s medical malpractice solutions and medical fault identification procedures are gradually improving. Strengthening the medical malpractice precaution awareness of medical workers in surgery, obstetrics and gynecology will be conducive to resolution of medical malpractices.

In view of problem that traditional vector control method is difficult to carry out active heat management for explosion-proof frequency converter, a low loss control method for explosion-proof frequency converter based on model predictive control was proposed. Heat loss model of the explosion-proof converter was established, and conduction loss and switching loss of power devices were deduced and analyzed, and pointed out that the key of low loss control is to reduce the switching frequency. Based on framework of model prediction control system, high-precision prediction model suitable for low-loss control requirements of explosion-proof converter was designed, and then rolling optimization calculation was completed based on value function considering loss characteristics. The proposed method is analyzed and verified based on 1 140 V/2 MW explosion-proof frequency conversion test prototype, the results show that the method can realize multi-objective optimization problem of explosion-proof frequency converter under constraint condition, and rationally allocate multiple optimization objective weight coefficients, and effectively reduce the overall loss of the system under the condition of satisfying dynamic and steady-state performance requirements of explosion-proof frequency converter.

BACKGROUND Determination of strontium (Sr) and neodymium (Nd) isotopic composition in geological samples by Multi-collector Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS) needs a lengthy and complex chemical preparation procedure. Moreover, samples cannot be dissolved completely. OBJECTIVES To effectively digest samples and eliminate interferences from the experimental process. METHODS Geological samples were dissolved by microwave digestion. The processes of Sr, Nd chemical separation and mass spectrometry analyses were studied. In particular, the recovery and memory effect of resin column were investigated. RESULTS The research shows that after ten times usages Sr and Nd procedure, blanks of the resin are less than 1.0 ng. However, the recovery decreases significantly from 98% to 20% and 90% to 50%, respectively. If the analyzed samples contain low concentrations of Sr and Nd, which are insufficient for mass spectrometry analysis, it is suggested that Sr special effect resin should be used no more than 5 times and AG50W-X8 and Ln resin should be used no more than 10 times. The entire procedure is applied in the separation of Sr and Nd of international standard geological samples (BCR-2, W-2a, BHVO-2, AGV-2). The acquired 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd ratios are consistent with those in the literature, and the instrumental internal precision 2SE (n=50) and methodological external precision 2SD (n=6) are better than 0.0015%. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method meets the requirement of high-precision measurement of Sr and Nd isotopic composition in geological samples.

CPMG sequence is widely used to measure crosslink density of rubber. However, the crosslink density obtained by this technique has a strong dependence on the interval times between the pulses in CPMG sequence, and the results measured have only a weak correlation with rubber hardness. To overcome this shortcoming, we proposed in this work to construct a 1H T2 relaxation curve by summing Gaussian-weighted CPMG relaxation curves acquired at by varying the interval time between the pulses in CPMG sequence. Using the multi-echo Gaussian-weighted relaxation curve to calculate the crosslink density gave results that had greatly improved correlation with the rubber hardness. The new method was also fast and efficient, as it took only one-tenth of the experimental time required for the conventional 1H double quantum NMR (1H DQ NMR) experiment.

A rolling bearing remaining useful life prognostics method based on improved Continuous hidden semi-Markov model（ CHSMM） is proposed,aiming at the problem that the CHSMM algorithm prognostics accuracy is low for remaining useful life of rolling bearings. The feature vectors of the time and time frequency domain are extracted from the vibration signal of bearing and then the PCA algorithm is used to reduce the dimension of the feature vectors. Then,the degradation state recognition model and the remaining useful life prediction model are established based on improved CHSMM into which the Gauss mixture probability density function is introduced aiming at solving the low accuracy of remaining useful life prediction caused by the dwell time probability density function which does not conform to reality. Finally,the whole life cycle data of the bearing is input into the model,and the degenerate state and residual life of the bearing are obtained. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately predict the remaining useful life of bearings.Compared with the original CHSMM algorithm,the accuracy of the degradation state recognition is increased by12%,and the accuracy of remaining useful life prediction is increased by 23%.

NMR is a frequently used technique for measuring crosslink density of rubbers. In this work, three commonly used proton NMR methods for measuring crosslink density of rubbers[i.e., 1H double-quantum (DQ) NMR, 1H Hahn echo and 1H CPMG echo] were compared. Different approaches showed different results, and the origin of such discrepancy was discussed. The echo time dependence of the crosslink density measured with the CPMG echo method was studied. The ways to improve theCPMG echo-based measurements are discussed.

Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate the photon beam softening characteristics of medical electron linear accelerators operated in flattening filter-free mode (FFF) under different energies and field sizes. Using the parameters of the Varian Edge accelerator and measured data in our hospital, a 6 MV flattening filter (FF), a 6 MV FFF, and a 10 MV FFF model in the accelerator head were constructed using the general Monte Carlo program EGSnrc/BEAMnrc. Using EGSnrc/DOSXYZnrc, three modes were characterized based on percentage depth dose (PDD) and off-axis ratio (OAR), which were compared with simulation data to determine source parameters. By using the above models, we obtained PDDs for three modes of inhomogeneous phantoms (water-bone-lung-water) in two field sizes, and the energy spectrum was calculated from phase space files, then the FFF photon beam softening properties were analyzed. In the inhomogeneous phantom, the PDD trends of the three photon-beam modes are similar, but the fluctuations are greater at small fields. In contrast to FF mode, FFF mode contains more low-energy photons and less head scattering. At low energy and small field, photon beam softening caused by the 6 MV FFF mode does not bring about a noticeable dose effect, however, at high energy and large field, the beam softening effect is gradually apparent. FFF photon beams have a steeper dose drop than FF beams, especially at small fields and low energy, which makes them evidently advantageous in clinical settings; however, at large fields and high energies, FFF photon beams appear to have significant softening characteristics, particularly in low-density areas, requiring careful consideration of the choice of clinical planning modality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bonded repair is efficient and widely-used repair technique for composite structures. Tests were conducted to study the tensile property of scarf repaired and external bonded repaired composite laminates with different repair parameters. The results show that the recovery of failure strength of scarf repaired laminates is about 66%-91% while external bonded repaired laminates is about 44%-61%.When reducing scarf ratio, repairing in double sides, curing in autoclaves, the scarf repair specimens can reach a higher recovery rate of failure strength. When repairing in double sides, enlarging the size of patches, the external bonded repaired specimens can also reach a higher recovery rate of failure strength. Based on the test results, finite element models were established to predict the failure loads and failure modes of specimens, and to analyse the stress distribution and progressive damage process of specimens, which can provide a reference to the designing in the repair projects.

The temperature field of FeCrNiCu alloy forming layers of continuous wave(CW) and pulsed laser remanufacture was analyzed using the non-contact infrared thermometer.The general rule of temperature field distribution of molten pool and heat-affected zone of the two modes was obtained. The pulsed laser process superiority in heat input, forming deformation control and reducing the temperature in molten pool and heat-affected zone was vilidated. The results show that during pulsed laser forming the peak temperature in the heat-affected zone is 730.4-810.5℃,the peak temperature in the molten pool is 998.7-1383.4℃,which are all obviously lower than the same process of the CW mode; the temperature-rise rate and cooling rate of pulsed laser are higher, which is helpful to the forming of fine grain structures and good mechanical performance; the forming experiment also further verifies more narrow heat-affected zone in pulsed laser process.

The corrosion behavior of X65 carbon steel under different deposits in CO2 saturated formation water was studied by weight loss measurements, electrochemical measurements, wire beam electrode and microscopic analysis. The results show that the corrosion rate of the steel slightly decreases by being covered with sand, clay or ferrous carbonate. However, covered with ferrous sulfide, elemental sulfur or mixture, the corrosion rate obviously accelerates, especially in the specimen covered with elemental sulfur. The corrosion rate of the specimen covered with mixture deposits also significantly increases, in which elemental sulfur plays a dominant role. The significant increase in corrosion rate of the specimen covered with elemental sulfur is attributed to the self-catalytic action of elemental sulfur on the cathodic reaction of steel corrosion. The current and potential distributions of wire beam electrodes indicate that the potentials of the electrodes covered with mixture deposits are more positive than those without deposits. During the corrosion, severe localized corrosion occurs on the electrodes under mixture deposits. The current and potential maps of wire beam electrodes can effectively reflect the localized corrosion behavior of the steel under deposits due to the change of local environment.

Background DJ⁃1 gene is a causative gene which contributes to the onset of autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism (AREP). Many research suggest that DJ-1 protein may change expression of certain genes through regulate its transcriptional activity, which play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In our previous study, we found a new mutation of DJ-1 which we named as L10P. DJ-1 gene encodes the first frame 29 bp from the thymine (T)→cytosine (C), so that the leucine on the 10th locus of DJ-1 protein was replaced by proline (L10P). To elucidate the effect of the L10P mutation, we identify genes for which expressions are abnormally regulated by L10P mutant DJ-1 protein using DNA microarray analysis. Methods Human embryonic kidney cell 293 (HEK293) monoclonal cell strains which can stably express pCMV-Tag2A-Flag, pCMV-Tag2A-Flag-DJ-1 and pCMV-Tag2A-Flag-DJ-1-L10P were selected by screening, and identified on the basis of DNA, RNA and protein levels to confirm whether the acquired HEK293 monoclonal cell strains can stably express empty vector, wild-type DJ-1 protein and L10P mutant DJ-1 protein. Gene chip technique was used to perform differential gene screening for different groups of HEK293 monoclonal cell strains. Results Compared with the expression in empty vector group, the expression of 14 genes was up-regulated and 28 genes was down-regulated in wild-type group; and the expression of 14 genes was up⁃regulated and 9 down-regulated in expressing L10P mutant group respectively. Comparison of the expression in wild⁃type group, expression of 59 genes was up⁃regulated and 27 genes down-regulated in L10P mutant group. These differential genes all took part in the biological processes including signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative stress and so on. Conclusion L10P mutant DJ-1 protein may directly or indirectly influence the singal transduction and play a role in the mechanism of PD.

Epigenetics refer to the collective heritable changes in phenotype due to processes that arise independently of primary DNA sequence. It is comprised of DNA methylation, histone proteins modifications, non-coding and so on. Aberrant epigenetic modifications are involved in the development of neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, many epigenetics-based medications have been developed and provided us new strategies for treatment of those diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease. In this review, we would like to summarize the recent studies of epigenetic modification in neurodegeneration, mainly focusing on DNA methylation and histone acetylation and exploring the possibility of using epigenetics-based therapeutics to treat neurodegenerative disorders.

This study adopts mixed methods to examine CGTN coverage of the Beijing Winter Olympics on Facebook, and the purpose is to describe the overall characteristics of the national image construction by the mainstream media via the international sports communication. This study finds that CGTN has basically formed a logic of national image construction with "athletes" as the cornerstone, "sports diplomacy" and "national strength" as the pillars, and "sports events", "mass sports" and "health and safety" as the characteristics in the episodic and storytelling international communication narrative space, which makes international sports communication and national image construction deeply intertwined. However, the study suggests that the lack of coverage of health and safety issues, the passive response of international public opinion, and the communication effect of national strength issues should be further considered and explored afterwards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper briefly described mathematics model of vibration of rolling bearing of shearer and structure and basic working principle of eddy-current vibration displacement sensor, proposed a design scheme of vibration detecting system for rolling bearing of shearer, which takes TMS320F2812 as core controller and eddy-current vibration displacement sensor as front signal collecting part, and gave hardware design and software flow of the system. The underground testing result showed that the system has high reliability and strong real-time performance.

A nonlinear finite element model of high head expansion water seal is established to simulate the mechanical performance and deformation characteristics of the rubber material during the water sealing process. The influence of back pressure, reservoir water pressure and other parameters on sealing performance of the expansion water seal are further investigated. Firstly, the uniaxial tension compression and pure shear test date of rubber material are used to curve fitting and the Mooney-Rivlin model parameters based on the least square method. The APDL programming language in ANSYS is used to determine the contact state of steel head and apply the cyclic loads from lateral water pressure. Secondly, the influence of the Mooney-Rivlin model with different number of parameters on the accuracy of the simulation is analyzed by numerical examples. The validity of the simulation is verified by comparing with the model experiment. Finally, the parametric studies are presented to explore variations of free expansion, contact stress and steel head offset with back pressure, reservoir water pressure and the distance between panel and pressing plate in different working stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the influence rule of deep foundation pit excavation on adjacent pipeline deformation in soil rock composite stratum, field monitoring and numerical simulation of deep foundation pit excavation in soil-rock composite stratum were carried out. Based on the foundation pit of Second Bridge Park Station of Nanjing Metro Line 1 North Extension Project, the settlement and deformation of the pipeline were analyzed based on the field measured data, and the numerical simulation was carried out by using PLAXIS 3D finite element analysis software, revealing the influence rule of the distance between the pipeline and the foundation pit, the pipeline buried depth and other factors on pipeline deformation. The degree of the influence of various factors was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that the non-uniform deformation of the pipeline mainly occurs in the 20% of the excavation length of the corner end of the foundation pit. Compared with the single soil layer, the influence of foundation pit excavation on the settlement deformation of addacent pipelines is relatively small in the soil-rock composite stratum with upper soil and lower rock. The vertical displacement and the horizontal displacement of pipeline are negatively correlated with the buried depth of the pipeline and the distance between the pipeline and foundation pit, and are positively correlated with the excavation depth of the foundation pit. The distance between the pipeline and the foundation pit has the greatest influence on pipeline deformation, followed by the buried depth of pipeline, and the excavation depth of foundation pit has the less influence on pipeline deformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One-dimensional compression tests and permeability tests were conducted to investigate the effects of fiber content (0% to 1.2%, mass fraction, the same below) and length (3 mm to 18 mm) on compression behavior and permeability of cemented construction waste slurry with high water content. The related mechanisms responsible for changes caused by addition of polypropylene fiber were discussed. The test results indicate that the addition of fiber induces a decrease in the volumetric strain and permeability coefficient of cemented construction waste slurry with 0.5% fiber. Meanwhile, the reduction in the volumetric strain decreases with the increase of the fiber length when the initial water content of tested specimen is 145%, and there is no significant influence of the fiber length on the volumetric strain of specimens with initial water content of 174%. On the other hand, an increase in the volumetric strain and permeability coefficient is observed for specimens with longer fiber than short fiber (< 12 mm) under the same external pressure as the fiber content increases to 1.2%. In this research, the appropriate fiber length and content is not more than 12 mm and 1.2%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of etherified 2D resin in crease-resist finishing of cotton fabrics has become the focus of research in recent years. In order to explore the feasibility of the application of etherified 2D resin and the optimum technological setting as well, orthogonal experiments were designed to explore the technical parameters of etherified 2D resin F-AP, catalyst FM, protective agent HDP and softener NUP in the non-ironing technology of ready-made clothes. The results proved that the optimum technology should be F-AP 150 g/L, FM 40 g/L, HDP 35 g/L and NUP 15 g/L. The significance of four additives on wrinkle resistance of cotton fabrics was tested through statistical analysis software by using SPSS. The results showed that the etherified 2D resin played the most notable role on wrinkle resistance of cotton fabrics among all the four kinds of additives. Finally, the effect of etherified 2D resin on the properties of finished fabrics was analyzed emphatically. It was found that when the concentration of resin reached 160 g/L, the reaction between cotton fibers and resin was saturated, which means recovery angle and breaking strength of cotton fabrics would not markedly increase with the increase of resin concentration any more, the excessive resin residue increased the friction between yarns and had a negative effect on tear resistance of fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important force to promote China's economic and social development, the real estate industry has developed rapidly, and the capability of financial crisis early warning management capability plays an important role in the risk control of business operations. Therefore, based on the high correlation and high dimensionality of financial data of listed companies in China, this paper proposes a crisis early warning method based on principal component analysis and logistic analysis. Before using logistic regression analysis, principal component analysis is used to achieve the purpose of dimension reduction processing while retaining the original financial data information to the utmost. Using logistic regression analysis method, the six principal component comprehensive factors affecting the financial ability of real estate enterprises are obtained, and a scientific and reasonable financial crisis early warning decision model for real estate enterprises is constructed. The empirical results show that the model can achieve multivariate dimensionality reduction processing while minimizing the loss of variable information, and at the same time solve the problem that the variables of the original data are highly correlated with each other, and it is very good for predicting the failure of enterprise operation. The identification, early warning and promotion capabilities provide an effective reference for the formulation of late-stage development strategies for listed real estate companies in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The water content of surface dead fuels is one of the most important indicators for forecasting fire danger and fire behaviors. We employed the timelag equilibrium water content methods (i.e. Nelson and Simard models) and the meteorological variable regression method to continuously measure the water content of surface dead fuels by one-hour time step from September to October in 2010 under Populus davidiana + Betula platyphylla, Picea koraiensis and the cutover lands (Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica + Betula platyphylla) with different canopy densities in Pangu Forestry Bureau, the Great Xing' an Mountains, Heilongjiang Province, China. We established prediction models and obtained prediction errors. The models were also used to extrapolate the water contents of surface dead fuels under other forest stands and the extrapolation accuracy was analyzed. The results showed that the mean absolute error, the mean relative error and the mean square error root of Nelson model (0.0154, 0.104 and 0.0226) were lower than those of Simard model (0.0185, 0.117 and 0.0256). In terms of extrapolation effects, the mean absolute error, the mean relative error and the mean square error root of meteorological variable regression method (0.0410, 0.0300 and 0.0740) were lower than those of Simard model (0.610, 0.492 and 0.846), but they were higher than those of Nelson model (0.034, 0.021 and 0.0660). Such results indicated that the time-lag equilibrium moisture content method by one-hour time step, especially Nelson model, was suitable for the forest stands in the Great Xing' an Mountains. Although extrapolation could not reduce the prediction errors, it could help improve the prediction accuracy and the efficiency of the present models applied to different forest stands or in a larger scale. The modeling and extrapolation errors were closely related to species identity and canopy densities, thus the appropriate timelag equilibrium moisture content methods should be selected according to different forest stands and locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the clinical effect and safety of early postnatal application of glucocorticoids in the prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. Methods The databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP were comprehensively searched for articles on early postnatal application of glucocorticoids in the prevention of BPD in preterm infants published up to June 2016. Review Manager 5.3 was used for the Meta analysis of 16 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that met the inclusion criteria. Results A total of 2 962 participants were enrolled in the 16 RCTs, with 1 486 patients in the trial group and 1 476 in the control group. The Meta analysis showed that early postnatal application of glucocorticoids reduced the incidence rate of BPD at a corrected gestational age of 36 weeks (OR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.61-0.87, P=0.0004), but there was an increase in the risk of hyperglycemia (OR=1.61, 95%CI: 1.24-2.09, P=0.0003), hypertension (OR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.11-2.38, P=0.01), and intestinal perforation (OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.12-2.04, P=0.007). Conclusions At present, it is not recommended to use glucocorticoids to prevent BPD in preterm infants. Its advantages and disadvantages need further studies, with special focuses on the adverse effects of hyperglycemia, hypertension, and intestinal perforation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the precise Runge-Kutta method, in view of the characteristics of the non-homogeneous terms of the state space equations and the particular distribution of the loads, a new improved precise Runge-Kutta method was presented for solving the structural dynamic equations. Through partitioning of the related state space matrices, the improved method not only inherited the advantage of high precision of the precise Runge-Kutta method, but also greatly promoted the computational efficiency, making it suitable for solving large-scale structural dynamic problems and conducting long-time simulations. The results of numerical examples show the correctness and validity of the proposed simplified method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT), as a technology that the metal sample surface is hit in random directions by a large amount of tiny hard balls in high frequency vibration within a short period of time, was applied to aluminium laminates. Then, the metal's grain sizes, especially those near the surface, got smaller; and therefor the metal's yield strength got enhanced. After the SMAT process, the aluminium laminates' ultimate stress and ultimate strain decreased a little, while the yield stress increased obviously. The glass fibre reinforced aluminium laminates were fabricated through heat pressing process with SMATed aluminium and glass fibre epoxy prepreg. From the tensile tests and theoretical calculation, the results show that the SMATed aluminium effectively improves the yield strength of the aluminium-based composite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presented a real-time and global search tracking algorithm based on distribution field (DF) to overcome the limitation of local search and poor real-time in original DF tracking. The correlation coefficient instead of LI-norm was used to measure the distance between target model DF and candidate region DF. With the aid of Fourier transform, correlation coefficient computed in the frequency domain with low computational complexity rather than the time domain so that the similarities between target DF and all candidate region DFs would be got fast. It could ensure the algorithm's real-time performance and global searching ability, and then overcame the sparse sampling methods' limitation of randomness and local optimality. Compared with recent tracking algorithms, experimental results show that the proposed method gets the best performance in the average error and tracking speed in a number of challenging video sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a group of neurodegenerative disorders with clinical and genetic heterogeneity. The main clinical feature is the progressive spasticity of lower limbs and myasthenia. HSPs are clinically divided into types: simple type and complicated form, the later with additional manifestations of more extensively neurological or non-neurological disorders. In genetics, HSPs are divided into four groups as follows: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked and mitochondrial traits, according to the inheritance modes. About 60 genetic subtypes have been described. With in-depth research on HSP, many new causative genes have been identified. We systematically reviewed the progress of HSPs, mainly including genotype and the corresponding clinical manifestations, for physicians to precisely identify the subtypes of HSP and to diagnose in genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]