Search

Objective To screen the risk factors of hydrocephalus after decompressive craniectomy in patients with cerebral hernia after traumatic brain injury (TBI), and construct a Bayesian network model based on the risk factors. Methods A total of 77 patients with cerebral hernia after TBI who underwent decompressive craniotomy in Nanjing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from March 2020 to January 2022 were included. They were divided into hydrocephalus group (n = 25) and non - hydrocephalus group (n = 52) according to whether hydrocephalus was complicated after surgery. The risk factors of hydrocephalus after decompressive craniectomy in patients with cerebral hernia after TBI were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses. The Bayesian network model was constructed based on the risk factors, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve were drawn and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was conducted. Results In hydrocephalus group, the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score at admission (t = 2.178, P = 0.032), the ratio of cerebrospinal fluid replacement after lumbar puncture (χ2 = 8.675, P = 0.003), and the level of β2 -microglobulin after operation (t = 11.146, P = 0.000) were lower than those in non-hydrocephalus group, while subarachnoid hemorrhage (χ2 = 5.901, P = 0.015), bilateral operation (χ2 = 6.441, P = 0.011), the ratio of dural unstitched during operation (χ2 = 9.759, P = 0.002), postoperative intraventricular hemorrhage (χ2 = 8.938, P = 0.003), postoperative midline displacement > 10 mm (χ2 = 7.589, P = 0.006), and intracranial infection (χ2 = 4.519, P = 0.034), as well as postoperative coma time (t = 2.709, P = 0.008) were higher than those in non - hydrocephalus group. Logistic regression analysis showed that subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR = 1.885, 95%CI: 1.432-2.240; P = 0.012), dural unstitched during operation (OR = 1.468, 95%CI: 1.215-1.930; P = 0.006), long postoperative coma time (OR = 1.574, 95%CI: 1.358-1.926; P = 0.007), postoperative intraventricular hemorrhage (OR = 1.550, 95%CI: 1.254-1.768; P = 0.010), the level of β2- microglobulin increased after operation (OR = 1.622, 95%CI: 1.165-1.840; P = 0.004) were risk factors for hydrocephalus after decompressive craniectomy in patients with cerebral hernia after TBI. Based on these 5 factors, the Bayesian network model was constructed, and the area under ROC curve was 0.886 (95%CI: 0.823-0.925, P = 0.000). The calibration curve showed that there was a good consistency between the predicted probability and the actual probability, while the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed no significant difference (χ2 = 8.760, P = 0.232), which indicated that the model had good discrimination, calibration and accuracy. Conclusions Subarachnoid hemorrhage, dural unstitched during operation, long postoperative coma time, postoperative intra ventricular hemorrhage, and elevated β2 - microglobulin level are the risk factors for hydrocephalus after decompressive craniectomy in patients with cerebral hernia after TBI.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of combined anticoagulants with endovascular treatment for subacute and chronic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) under the assistance of high resolution magnetic resonance black⁃blood thrombus imaging (MRBTI). Methods and Results A retrospective study was performed on the patients with CVST who were treated at Department of Neurosurgery of Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021. Preoperative high resolution MRBTI confirmed 15 patients with subacute and chronic CVST, and endovascular treatment was performed on the basis of systemic anticoagulant therapy. The results showed that 10 cases were in subacute stage and 5 cases were in chronic stage. After treatment, the venous sinus was completely recanalized in 4 cases and partially recanalized in 11 cases. Complications occurred in 2 cases (intracranial hematoma enlarged in one case, microguide wire penetrated straight sinus wall during surgery in one case), contact thrombolytic therapy was continued after the condition stabilized. The mean indwelling time of microcatheter in straight sinus was (6.27 ± 0.21) d and the mean length of hospital stay was (11.53 ± 1.30) d. The degree of impairment of consciousness [Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score] was improved at discharge [at discharge (13.67 ± 2.02) score vs. at admission (11.67 ± 2.13) score; t = 9.165, P = 0.000], the degree of neurological impairment [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score] was improved 6 months after surgery [at 6 months after surgery 1 (0, 2) score vs. at admission 3 (2, 4) score; Z = ⁃ 3.624, P = 0.000]. Conclusions High resolution MRBTI is an effective technique to identify subacute and chronic CVST patients. For these patients, the combination of systemic anticoagulation and endovascular treatment can reduce venous sinus thrombosis load and improve symptoms in a short time, which is a safe, effective and preferred treatment.

Light curing 3D printing technology has become an emerging technology in the manufacturing industry because of its high precision, rapid prototyping, and complex parts can be formed. Photosensitive resin is the main consumable of light curing 3D printing technology, and its mechanical properties, heat resistance, precision and strength are not ideal enough to meet the needs of industrial production. In order to obtain the photosensitive resin with high mechanical strength and function, it must be modified. In this paper, the modification of photosensitive resin for photocuring 3D printing is introduced. Starting with the principle of SLA photocuring rapid prototyping technology, the various components of photosensitive resin are introduced, and the modification of photosensitive resin is shown from the two aspects of reaction type and addition type. Finally, the development trend of photosensitive resin is prospected. It is pointed out that in the future, on the basis of perfecting the existing photosensitive resin materials, more new materials for 3D printing will be developed, resin formula will be expanded, and more in-depth research will be carried out on the modification of photosensitive resins, so as to develop more high-performance, higher-strength, and greener resin systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intracranial blood blister⁃like aneurysms (BBA) arising from the supraclinoid segment of internal carotid artery are very rary, and grow aggressively with high reruptured rate and mortality. Currently, the treatment methods of BBA are various but achieve no consensus, although including microsurgery and interventional therapy. The article collects the recent research and makes a review of the therapeutic progress of BBA, in order to provide clinical basis for the treatment of BBA and improve its therapeutic effect. doi：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2021.04.016

Objective To provide reference for controlling or delaying the decline of pulmonary ventilation function in male pneumoconiosis patients by studying associations of serum albumin levels with the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients. Methods A retrospective cohort design was adopted in this study. Male pneumoconiosis patients who were hospitalized in West China Fourth Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 and did not have pulmonary ventilation dysfunction at baseline were selected as the study objects. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate HRs and 95% CIs to evaluate the association of baseline serum albumin levels and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Restricted cubic spline plot was used to explore whether there was a dose-response relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. Results A total of 746 subjects were included in this study. Fully adjusted model results of Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin higher than 40.8 g/L had a reduced risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction compared with male pneumoconiosis patients with serum albumin lower than 34.4g/L (HR = 0.660, 95% CI: 0.439-0.992). The restricted cubic spline figure showed that the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients gradually decreased with the gradual increase of serum albumin concentrations and there was a linear negative relationship between baseline serum albumin concentrations and the incidence risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion Higher serum albumin is a protective factor for severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction in male pneumoconiosis patients and maintaining the serum albumin concentrations above 40.8 g/L can reduce the risk of severe or very severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the utilization of outpatient and inpatient services in patients with pneumoconiosis and its influencing factors. Methods By using the convenient sampling method, 199 pneumoconiosis patients were selected from the West China Fourth Hospital, and their population characteristics, medical treatment-seeking behavior, and influencing factors were investigated by using the questionnaire on pneumoconiosis patients and its influencing factors compiled by CDC of China. Multivariate logistic regression model and multivariate poisons regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of outpatient and inpatient service utilization. Results The two-week outpatient rate of pneumoconiosis patients surveyed was 27.6%, the median number of outpatients used in one year was twice, and the annual hospitalization rate was 61.8%. For hospitalized patients, the median number of hospitalizations per year was 1, and the median cumulative hospitalization days was 30 days. The average visual health scale (VAS) score of patients was 48.3±17.4. Multivariate logistic regression and multivariate poisons regression analysis showed that pneumoconiosis patients with basic health insurance (OR = 0.067, 95% CI: 0.006-0.716), higher frequency of medication (OR=0.100, 95% CI: 0.037-0.269), and lower VAS score (OR = 0.992, 95% CI: 0.988-0.997) had less use of outpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients with recent exacerbation of cough (OR=5.530, 95% CI: 2.446-12.501), work injury insurance (OR=1.183, 95% CI:1.015-1.379), and lower income (OR=0.980, 95% CI: 0.965-0.997) had more use of outpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients who were married (OR=0.063, 95% CI: 0.005-0.771) and had lower VAS scores (OR=8.463, 95% CI: 3.090-23.248) had less use of inpatient services. Pneumoconiosis patients with higher frequency of medication (OR=8.463, 95% CI: 3.090-23.248), complicated with core pulmonale (OR = 1.855, 95% CI: 1.307-2.634), pneumoconiosis compensation (OR=3.358, 95% CI: 1.183-9.529), social relief (OR=1.402, 95% CI: 1.047-1.877) and more active communication with patients (OR=2.158, 95% CI: 1.061-4.390) were likely to have more use of inpatient services. Conclusion The utilization rates of outpatients and inpatients with pneumoconiosis are higher than the national average. The health status, economic level, and social support level of patients with pneumoconiosis are important factors affecting their medical treatment behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To analyze the spatio-temporal expression profile of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), in human and mouse testes based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq). Methods. Ten testicular tissues from humans and nine testicular tissues from C57BL/6 mice with normal developmental stages were collected and digested into single cell suspensions by enzyme, and then the cell-gene expression matrixes were obtained by scRNA-Seq standard processing procedures. After quality control, data standardization, batch effect processing, clustering, and dimensionality reduction, each subgroup of cells was annotated based on known testicular cell bio-markers to clarify the expression patterns and differences of ACE2 in human and mouse testes with normal developmental stages. Results. n this study, nine testicular cell subgroups found in human and mice were identified, including three subgroups of germ cells (spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and spermatids/sperm) and six subgroups of somatic cells (Sertoli cells, macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, Leydig cells, and peritubular myoid cells). In terms of spatial distribution, ACE2 was predominantly expressed in human Sertoli cells in adult testes, and also expressed in Leydig cells, peritubular myoid cells, and germ cells. In terms of time scale, the transcription abundance of ACE2 in human Sertoli cells increased with the development of testis, and the expression level of ACE2 in Sertoli cells after puberty was significantly higher than that in infancy and childhood (P=0.000). Judging from the stages of mouse testicular development, the expression patterns of Ace2 were both significantly different from those in humans. In testis of the 5-week-old adult C57BL/6 mouse, the transcription level of Ace2 was low and it was mainly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (P=0.000), while the number of Ace2 positive cell in Sertoli cells was extremely low. Conclusion. ARS-CoV-2 may mainly infects human testis through Sertoli cells, and the conventional C57BL/6 mouse model is not suitable to simulate the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human testicular function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intracranial blood blister-like aneurysms (BBA) arising from the supraclinoid segment of internal carotid artery are very rary, and grow aggressively with high reruptured rate and mortality. Currently, the treatment methods of BBA are various but achieve no consensus, although including microsurgery and interventional therapy. The article collects the recent research and makes a review of the therapeutic progress of BBA, in order to provide clinical basis for the treatment of BBA and improve its therapeutic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimension temporal and spatial dynamics of the soil water characteristics during four irrigating cycles of months from April to July for the artificial vegetation in the center of Taklimakan Desert under saline water drip-irrigation had been analyzed by timely measuring the soil water content in horizontal and vertical distances 60 cm and 120 cm away from the irrigating drips, respectively. Periodic spatial and temporal variations of soil water content were observed. When the precipitation effect was not considered, there were no significant differences in the characteristics of soil water among the irrigation intervals in different months, while discrepancies were obvious in the temporal and spatial changes of soil moisture content under the conditions of rainfall and non-rainfall. When it referred to the temporal changes of soil water, it was a little higher in April but a bit lower in July, and the soil water content in June was the highest among four months because some remarkable events of precipitation happened in this month. However, as a whole, the content of soil moisture was reduced as months (from April to July) went on and it took a decreasing tendency along with days (1–15 d) following a power function. Meanwhile, the characteristics of soil water content displayed three changeable stages in an irrigation interval. When it referred to the spatial distributions of soil water, the average content of soil moisture was reduced along with the horizontal distance following a linear regression function, and varied with double peaks along with the vertical distance. In addition, the spatial distribution characteristics of the soil water were not influenced by the factors of precipitation and irrigating time but the physical properties of soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To adapt to the various distribution shape of data set and overcome the density problem of data set, addressing the issue of unsatisfactory result of existing algorithms on detecting outlying cluster, this paper presented an outlier detection algorithm based on K-nearest neighborhood MST. This algorithm focused on data sets of any arbitrary shape and density and could effectively detect local outliers and local outlying cluster. Taking the density and directional factor into consideration, it proposed a new dissimilarity measure based on K-nearest neighborhood. Then it built a minimum spanning tree on this K-nearest neighborhood dissimilarity measure, finally progressively constrained the tree to cut to find out the outliers. Compared with LOF, COF, KNN and INFLO algorithm, the results reflect the effectiveness and excellence of this new algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pressure wave velocity equation for water-oil emulsion flow with gas hydrate in pipeline transportation systems was established in view of gas hydrate phase transition, compressibility of oil phase, influence of angular frequency, virtual mass force and system temperature and pressure. The results show that the gas hydrate has great influences on the pressure wave velocity of the water-oil system during pipeline transportation. In the gas hydrate decomposition region, the emergence of gas increases the compressibility of the system significantly. As a result, the pressure wave velocity falls rapidly. In the gas hydrate formation region, the compressibility of the system decreases, while the pressure wave velocity rises on the contrary. The pressure, temperature, oil-water ratio, density of oil phase, and pipe diameter all have distinct impact on the pressure wave velocity. The pressure wave velocity shows a falling tendency with the decrease of oil-water ratio, pipe diameter and temperature. A rising tendency of the pressure wave velocity occurs with the increase of pressure and density of oil phase. The pressure and temperature have effects on the hydrate decomposition rate, in turn influence the pressure wave velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at achieving low switching frequency current for active power filters (APF), the design of LCL-filter for APF using neutral point clamed converter was studied. Affections of diiferent parameters were analyzed. Then, constraints and principles on LCL-filter design were concluded. A simple and practical design procedure of LCL-filter was proposed subsequently. Firstly, the resonant frequency of LCL-filter was set according to the highest harmonic order and switch frequency. Then, the parameters of the LCL-filter were optimized based on the design principles and constraints with smaller volume and lower cost. Finally, the theory was verified by experiment in a 5 kVA shunt APF systems. The results indicate that, the proposed design can effectively eliminate the switching current without reducing the bandwidth of APF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Taklimakan Desert Highway Shelterbelt is drip-irrigated with high saline groundwater (2. 58-29. 70 g·L-1), and shifting sand burial and water-salt stress are most common and serious problems in this region. So it is of great importance to study the effect of shifting sand burial on soil moisture evaporation, salt accumulation and their distribution for water saving, salinity restraint, and suitable utilization of local land and water resources. In this study, Micro-Lysimeters (MLS) were used to investigate dynamics of soil moisture and salt under different thicknesses of sand burial (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 cm), and field control experiments of drip-irrigation were also carried out to investigate soil moisture and salt distribution under different thicknesses of shifting sand burial (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 cm). The soil daily and cumulative evaporation decreased with the increase of sand burial thickness in MLS, cumulative evaporation decreased by 2. 5% -13. 7% compared with control. And evaporative inhibiting efficiency increased with sand burial thickness, evaporative inhibiting efficiency of 1-5 cm sand burial was 16. 7% -79. 0%. Final soil moisture content beneath the interface of sand burial increased with sand burial thickness, and it increased by 2. 5% -13. 7% than control. The topsoil EC of shifting sand in MLS decreased by 1. 19-6. 00 mS·cm-1 with the increasing sand burial thickness, whereas soil salt content beneath the interface in MLS increased and amplitude of the topsoil salt content was higher than that of the subsoil. Under drip-irrigation with saline groundwater, average soil moisture beneath the interface of shifting sand burial increased by 0. 4% -2. 0% compare with control, and the highest value of EC was 7. 77 mS·cm-1 when the sand burial thickness was 10 cm. The trend of salt accumulation content at shifting sand surface increased firstly, and then decreased with the increasing sand burial thickness. Soil salt contents beneath the interface of shifting sand burial were much lower than that of shifting sand surface. 35 cm was the critical sand burial thickness for water-saving and salt restraint. In summary, sand burial had obvious inhibition effects on soil evaporation and salt accumulation, so maybe it could be used to save water and reduce salt accumulation in arid shifting desert areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pot experiment was conducted to study the influences of different NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 400 mmol·L-1) on the growth, leaf hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malonaldehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutases (SOD), catalases (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) enzymes activity, water potential, soluble sugar and proline contents of Nitraria roborowskii. The results showed that the growth of N. roborowskii was not affected at lower NaCl concentrations (=50 mmol·L-1), while the SOD, POD, CAT and APX activities in leaves of N. roborowskii were increased. However, higher NaCl concentrations (>50 mmol·L-1) restrained the growth parameters of crown area, number of branches, dry mass of leaf, branch and lateral root, and remarkably reduced the SOD, POD and CAT activities, soluble sugar and proline contents in leaves of N. roborowskii. H2O2 and MDA contents in leaves were increased and water potential was reduced with increasing NaCl concentrations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consistent NDVI time series are basic and prerequisite in long-term monitoring of land surface properties. Advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) measurements provide the longest records of continuous global satellite measurements sensitive to live green vegetation, and moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) is more recent typical with high spatial and temporal resolution. Understanding the relationship between the AVHRR-derived NDVI and MODIS NDVI is critical to continued long-term monitoring of ecological resources. NDVI time series acquired by the global inventory modeling and mapping studies (GIMMS) and Terra MODIS were compared over the same time periods from 2000 to 2006 at four scales of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (whole region, sub-region, biome and pixel) to assess the level of agreement in terms of absolute values and dynamic change by independently assessing the performance of GIMMS and MODIS NDVI and using 495 Landsat samples of 20 km × 20 km covering major land cover type. High correlations existed between the two datasets at the four scales, indicating their mostly equal capability of capturing seasonal and monthly phenological variations (mostly at 0. 001 significance level). Similarities of the two datasets differed significantly among different vegetation types. The relative low correlation coefficients and large difference of NDVI value between the two datasets were found among dense vegetation types including broadleaf forest and needleleaf forest, yet the correlations were strong and the deviations were small in more homogeneous vegetation types, such as meadow, steppe and crop. 82% of study area was characterized by strong consistency between GIMMS and MODIS NDVI at pixel scale. In the Landsat NDVI vs. GIMMS and MODIS NDVI comparison of absolute values, the MODIS NDVI performed slightly better than GIMMS NDVI, whereas in the comparison of temporal change values, the GIMMS data set performed best. Similar with comparison results of GIMMS and MODIS NDVI, the consistency across the three datasets was clearly different among various vegetation types. In dynamic changes, differences between Landsat and MODIS NDVI were smaller than Landsat NDVI vs. GIMMS NDVI for forest, but Landsat and GIMMS NDVI agreed better for grass and crop. The results suggested that spatial patterns and dynamic trends of GIMMS NDVI were found to be in overall acceptable agreement with MODIS NDVI. It might be feasible to successfully integrate historical GIMMS and more recent MODIS NDVI to provide continuity of NDVI products. The accuracy of merging AVHRR historical data recorded with more modern MODIS NDVI data strongly depends on vegetation type, season and phenological period, and spatial scale. The integration of the two datasets for needleleaf forest, broadleaf forest, and for all vegetation types in the phenological transition periods in spring and autumn should be treated with caution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zhao Benfu's "Mother earth" series- the Black Ant Blue Eyes, Heaven and Earth to the Moon, soilless era, they have something in common whether in the extension of the story, or in the changes through times, or in the essence and ethos, and they constitute an indivisible organic whole, then form a "bonanza" worthy of excavation. Setting from the writer's phenomenology of spirit on memory, this passage have made a deep analysis of the writer's memories of his home and the soil, the loneliness of heart and meditation, anxiety for survival, and a romantic nostalgia, and many other mental phenomena which are reflected by the text. Thus, exploring the writer's rich soul, where the "bonanza" resides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By the methods of Biolog, fumigation extraction, and colorimetric titration, this paper determined the soil carbon sources metabolic intensities, microbial biomass, and enzyme activities in the Tarim Desert Highway shelter-forests with different plantation times, and analyzed the variation characteristics of soil microbial activities in these shelter forests. With the increasing planting years of the shelter forests, the soil microbial metabolic activities (AWCD) and microbial diversity indices enhanced obviously, but the AWCD values in different soil layers had no significant differences. The soil catalase activity among the forests had no significant difference, but the soil cellulase and sucrase activities varied significantly. The soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen increased with the increasing planting years of the shelter forests, having a significant difference among the forests, but the microbial biomass phosphorus had no significant difference. The AWCD values had significant correlations with soil available nutrient contents, but less correlations with soil bulk density and moisture content. It was suggested that under the present management patterns and climate conditions, the soil metabolic activities in the Tarim Desert Highway shelter forests would be improved continuously with the increasing planting years of the forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a special type of cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality which often has an unpredictable outcome. It is usually misdiagnosed because of different causes and variable clinical manifestations. How to improve the diagnosis and therapy of CVST is always the hotspot in clinic. This article aims to investigate the effective and safe strategies in the treatment for CVST. Methods Clinical data of 52 patients diagnosed with CVST were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were subdivided into mild type and severe type according to the features of symptoms, signs, lumbar puncture pressure and imaging. The patients with mild type were treated with systemic anticoagulant therapy combined with intravenous thrombolysis [continuous intravenous infusion of heparin (12.50-25) × 10 3 U/d for 7-10 d followed by a continuous infusion of urokinase (0.50-0.75) × 106 U/d for 5-7 d]. The patients with severe type were treated with endovascular thrombolysis [injection of urokinase (0.50-1) × 10 6 U, 0.10 × 10 6 U/min via carotid or vertebral artery; or intravenous infusion of urokinase 1 × 106 U/d and heparin 25 × 103 U/d for 5-7 d], and superior sagittal sinus cut-open/ intrasinus thrombolysis separately. All the patients took oral warfarin for 6-12 months, and follow-up was performed after operation by the method of magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Results Among the 27 cases of mild type receiving systemic anticoagulant agents and intravenous thrombolysis, 14 were cured; 9 were improved; 4 were ineffective. Among the 22 cases of severe type receiving systemic anticoagulant drugs and endovascular thrombolysis, 18 were cured; 3 were improved; 1 was dead. The left 3 cases with gravis type received superior sagittal sinus cut-open/intrasinus thrombolysis and were cured. The period of follow - up was between 6 months and 60 months (the median time was 36 months), and no recurrence happened. Conclusion It was probable to subdivide CVST into mild type and severe type according to the features of symptoms, signs, lumbar puncture pressure and imaging. Different therapeutic strategies were proved to be safe and effective in the treatment of different types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Nowadays, critical carotid stenosis lacks appropriate treatment standards, and carotid artery stenting (CAS) needs more direct guidance. This study aims to investigate the possibility of applying pressure wire in CAS, and the guidance of pressure gradients in choosing indications of CAS. Methods From May 2012 to October 2012, 32 consecutive cases with carotid stenosis undergoing CAS were enrolled. Preoperative and postoperative carotid ultrasound and CT perfusion imaging were performed, and intraoperative measurements of endovascular pressure gradients before and after stent implantation were recorded to evaluate intracranial circulation compensation. Results Preoperative carotid ultrasound showed the rate of stenosis in 32 cases was ⩾ 70% or nearly total occlusion. Doppler measurement of peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the stenosed vessel ranged 184-718 cm/s. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination showed the stenosis rates were 50%-70% in 7 cases, 70%-90% in 16 and > 90% in 9. The coincidence rate of carotid ultrasound and DSA was 84.38% (27/32), and the acquisition rate of intraoperative carotid pressure gradients was 100% . Pressure gradients before stent implantation were 10-92 mm Hg, with an average of (41.45 ± 25.50) mm Hg, and pressure gradients after stent implantation were 0-15 mm Hg, with an average of (3.44 ± 3.47) mm Hg. DSA revealed 4 cases with good intracranial circulation compensation and 28 cases with poor intracranial circulation compensation. Conclusion Pressure wire can be safely and effectively used in CAS to acquire pressure gradients between the two ends of stenosis segment. For carotid artery stenosis patients lacking of intracranial circulation compensation, pressure gradients become higher as stenosis rate increases within a certain range. Therefore, CAS for stenosis with lower pressure gradients should be reconsidered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To meet the mission requirement of alternately traversing water-air interface and freely voyaging either in air or water, solve the contradiction between aerodynamic configuration and hydrodynamic configuration, and endure huge water-entry impact, a conformal semi-ring wing configuration is proposed based on the extendable ring wing concept. Basic arrangement of single aero and hydro configuration is framed and the switch method is carried out by the wing's symmetrically rotating around aircraft axis. Aerodynamic and hydrodynamic performance of corresponding configuration is simulated by CFX under designed speed. Numerical simulation results indicate that, when the angle of attack (α) is 0° the lift and drag characteristic of aero configuration is twice as much as the plain wing configuration with the same airfoil, chord length and equivalent wing projective area, when α>12° the lift increasing ratio reduces to ten percent. The performance of hydro configuration is approximate to torpedo configuration, and when the aero configuration voyages in water, the wing drag accounts for 50% of the whole drag, while the wing lift proportion is settled to 50% as |α| > 15° When the absolute value of a is decreasing, lift ratio of the wing to aero configuration increases sharply, at α=3° the ratio reaches 98%. All the results validate the rationality and necessity of the two deployments and morphing scenario of conformal semi-ring wing configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the effects of thinning on the growth of Calligonum arborescens and the soil water-salt distribution in Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt, a thinning experiment was conducted on an aged and declined C. arborescens woodland in a demonstration section of the shelter-belt, with the growth of C. arborescens and the soil water-salt distribution monitored. Thinning had no effects on the phenophase of C. arborescens, but after thinning, the growth of the current year plant height, crown width, ground diameter, and new branch length of reserved trees was larger than that of the control, and the increment was in the order of planting space 2 m×1 m > 1 m×1 m > the control, with significant differences among the treatments. The assimilation branch surface area in treatments 2 m×1 m and 1 m×1 m were 5. 97 m2 and 5. 22 m2 per plant, respectively, being significantly larger than the control (3. 1 m2 per plant). The soil moisture content in 0-160 cm layer was significantly higher in treatments 2 m×1 m and 1 m×1 m than in the control, and increased obviously with thinning intensity. The soil salt content was in the order of control > planting space 1 m×1 m > 2 m×1 m, and the differences among the treatments were significant. It was suggested that the best reserved plant density after thinning was planting space 2 m×1 m. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to ensure the stability and sustainability of the Calligonum mongolicum shelter-belt along Tarim Desert Highway, the aged C. mongolicum was stumped to investigate its growth and soil moisture and salt distribution. After stumping twice, C. mongolicum grew rapidly in its height, crown width, maximum basal diameter, and sprout number. Three years after stumping, the average height of the sprouts exceeded the control (no stumping), and the crown width and maximum basal diameter was 92. 0% and 73. 0% of the control, respectively. The fresh mass of the branches and assimilating branches, their dry mass, and the total fresh mass and dry mass of the aboveground parts reached 80. 0%, 115. 0%, 80. 0%, 116. 0%, 93. 5%, and 88. 0% of the control, respectively. Four years after stumping, the aboveground biomass surpassed the control. Comparing with the control, stumping increased the soil moisture content significantly and decreased the soil salt concentration. It was suggested that, to stump the aged C. mongolicum repeatedly could increase the soil moisture content and decrease the soil salt concentration in root zone, and effectively promote the rejuvenation and renewing of C. mongolicum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: The investigate the effect of high glucose on proliferation, total protein synthesis, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, collagen-I (Col-I) and osteocalcin (OCN) secretion of human periodontal ligament fibroblast (hPDLF) in vitro and the regulative function of insulin in this process. METHODS: Glucose of different concentration (5.5,15,25,35 and 45mmol/L) was used to culture hPDLF and insulin was used for each group as treatment control. 24 hrs after administration, cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit (CCK-8), total protein synthesis, ALP activities, Col-I and OCN secretion were investigated. Data was analyzed with SPSS 13.0 soft ware package. RESULTS: Glucose of low concentration halt no effect on biological function of hPDLF, but glucose of high concentration could inhibit proliferation, total protein synthesis, AIX activities, Col-I and OCN secretion of hPDLF significantly in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect could be blocked by insulin. CONCLUSIONS: High glucose could inhibit biological function of hPDLF and such effect could be blocked by insulin. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30973354) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (20100471816). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the 2005-2007 experimental data in Cele oasis in the southern margin of Tarim Basin of Xinjiang, the soil quality of four typical types of farmland with different utilization intensity, i.e., farmland with high input, farmland with normal input, newly reclaimed farmland, and farmland in oasis' interior, was analyzed and assessed by using sustainable yield index, soil improvement index, and soil quality synthesis index. Among the farmlands, there were significant differences in the contents of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, and available phosphorus. Newly reclaimed farmland had the lowest level of soil quality, while the farmland in oasis' interior had relatively higher soil quality. This study could help the reasonable exploitation and utilization of farmlands in Cele oasis, and the protection of local farmland eco-environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using correlation analysis, this paper studied the relationships of soil microbial quantity and biomass with soil physical and chemical factors and enzyme activities in highway shelter-forests of Tarim Desert, aimed to approach the interactions between microbes and environmental factors in aeolian sandy soil of extremely arid area. The results showed that soil microbial quantity and biomass in the shelter-forests had an increasing trend with the decrease of soil bulk density and particle size (R-0.84) and the increase of soil moisture content and porosity (R0.85), with the correlation between soil microbial biomass and soil bulk density as the key. Soil microbial quantity and biomass were positively correlated with soil nutrient contents, mainly caused by the correlations of soil actinomycetes and microbial biomass C and P with soil available nutrients. Greater differences (R=0.51-0.91) were observed in the correlations of soil enzyme activities with soil microbial quantity and biomass, which was mainly determined by the correlations of soil invertase and phosphatase activities with soil actinomycetes and microbial biomass C. The increase of soil salt content was not favorable to the accumulation of soil microbial biomass (R-0.71), and there was a higher positive correlation (R0.63) between soil microbial amount and biomass. In practice, good soil condition should be established in the forestlands of arid area for the development of soil microbes and the promotion of soil matter cycling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on a study which investigates the effects of twelve Tibetan herbal medicines (THM) on cellular infectivity of New castle disease virus (NDV) for chick embryo fibroblast. It notes that the medicines, including Gyrophora stipe, Gentian, and Libanotus, within cellular safety concentrations and NDV were added into chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF). It mentions that most of the THMs could inhibit NDV from infecting CEF.

Nanometer-sized Al2O3 particle-reinforced nickel phosphorus matrix composite (Ni P-Al2O3) coatings were prepared by electroless deposition. Particles are found to distribute homogeneously in Ni-P-Al2O3 coatings by field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It is found that the crystallization temperature of the composite coating decreases from the results of X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry. The activation energy and Avrami exponent of crystallization are lowered due to the co-deposited particles in composite coatings. Nickel phosphide precipitates after heat treatment at 230°C for 24 h in Ni-P-Al2O3 coatings, while Ni-P coatings keep amorphous under such condition. Because of the existence of nanometer-sized particles, the microhardness of the composite coatings increases greatly. With heat treatment, the microhardness values of composite coatings can reach as high as HV50 1 150. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of electroless Ni-P-PTFE plating was investigated. It is found that the mixed FC surfactant (FC4+FC10) can keep PTFE particle well-dispersed and homogeneous in electroless plating bath. Simultaneously, the results demonstrate that the increase of PTFE concentration in the bath results in a decrease of plating rate, and of the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the composite coating. Whereas PTFE particles have little effect on the crystalline temperature of Ni-P. The wear test shows that Ni-P-PTFE coating has a low friction coefficient 0.1, indicating good self-lubricant effect and better anti-wear than Ni-P coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To analyze the morphological changes of the upper airway and related influencing factors in patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion after bimaxillary surgery., Methods: Twenty skeletal Class Ⅲ patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(BSSRO) for maxillary advancement and mandibular setback were selected. The patients received CT scans before(T0) and 3-6 months after surgery, and the images were reconstructed three-dimensionally with Dolphin Imaging 11.9 software. Changes in the volume, cross-sectional area, and landmarks of each soft and hard tissue of the airway were measured. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 25.0 software package., Results: The volume of nasopharyngeal airway increased after operation (P＜0.05), and the volume of oropharyngeal airway decreased significantly(P＜0.01). The cross-sectional area of the airway at the plane of the second cervical vertebra was significantly decreased (P＜0.01), and the coronal and sagittal diameters were decreased(P＜0.05). The change of nasopharyngeal airway volume was moderately positively correlated with the sagittal change of the posterior nasal spine (r=0.460, P＜0.05), and the change of oropharynx and laryngopharyngeal airway volume was positively correlated with the vertical change of the midpoint of the soft palate(r=0.496, 0.696, P＜0.05). The airway cross-sectional area in the second and third cervical vertebra planes and the sagittal diameter of the airway in the third cervical vertebra plane were positively correlated with the vertical changes of the midpoint of the soft palate(r=0.474, 0.629, 0.547, P＜0.05). The change of airway cross-sectional area at the third cervical vertebra plane was moderately negatively correlated with the change of mandibular plane angle(r=-0.536, P＜0.05)., Conclusions: The volume and cross-sectional area of oropharyngeal airway in skeletal Class Ⅲ patients after bimaxillary surgery will decrease. However, the total upper airway volume doesn't change significantly. The changes in the upper airway are correlated with the changes in some soft and hard tissue landmarks.

Objective: To analyze the correlation of the serum free light chain elevated (sFLC) and clinical characteristics and hematological parameters of lymphoma in Chengdu area., Methods: 249 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma （NHL） out of 274 patients with lymphoma diagnosed in Sichuan People's Hospital from April 2019 to July 2021 were selected, the sFLC, clinical features and hematological parameters of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. The difference of clinical features between the patients with normal sFLC and elevated sFLC was examined by chi-square test. The difference of hematological parameters between patients with normal sFLC and elevated sFLC were examined by chi-square test and nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test., Results: Among the 249 NHL patients, 55.42% （138/249） patients had an elevated sFLC, of which 9.24% （23/138） were being monoclonal and 46.18% （115/138） were polyclonal. The sFLC elevation was common in NHL, but varied according to the types of sFLC secretion （monoclonal or polyclonal）, and types of lymphoma. Furthermore, there were no significant statistical differences in clinical characteristics, including age, sex, stage disease, International Prognostic Index （IPI）, B symptoms, and bone marrow invasion between elevated sFLC and normal sFLC of the NHL patients （ P ＞0.05）. However, the patients with elevated sFLC had adverse hematological parameters more frequently, including higher WBC, ANC, AMC, hsCRP, Cr, Glb, LDH, and lower Hb, Alb., Conclusion: Elevated sFLC is associated with inferior hematological parameters, revealing the uniqueness of the diagnostic and prognostic value of sFLC in lymphoma in chengdu area.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between serum free light chain (sFLC) and blood routine parameters in patients with multiple myeloma (MM)., Methods: 347 patients with multiple myeloma diagnosed in Sichuan people's Hospital from April 2019 to July 2021 were selected. sFLC, serum total light chain (sTLC), peripheral blood routine, coagulation and biochemical parameters were analyzed retrospectively. The correlation analysis between sFLC and blood routine parameters were calculated by Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients. Multiple stepwise linear regression was used to screen the combined blood routine parameters related to sFLC. The efficacy of the selected blood routine parameters eflecting sFLC level was evaluated, the Kruskal Wallis test of independent samples was used for inter group comparison, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn at the same time., Results: In MM patients, sFLC was positively related with sTLCκ, sTLCλ, sTLCκ/λ, Cr, Urea, Cr and Cys&#95;C significantly, while negatively correlated with eGFR markedly (｜r｜≥0.3). Multivariate stepwise linear regression showed that the influence factors of sFLCκ were Cr and sTLCκ (P=0.000, P=0.003), the influence factors of sFLCλ were eGFR and sTLCλ(P=0.000, P=0.000), the sFLCκ/λ influence factor was sTLCκ/λ (P=0.032). Kruskal Wallis test of independent samples showed that Cr and sTLCκ, eGFR and sTLCλ, TLCκ/λ were good or better parameters to reflect the level of sFLCκ, sFLCλ and sFLCκ/λ in MM patients(P＜0.05), respectively. ROC curve analysis shows that Cr, sTLCκ, eGFR, sTLCλ and sTLCκ/λ had the ability to judge the abnormality of sFLC in MM patients (AUC=0.684-0.875, P＜0.05)., Conclusion: In MM patients, sTLCκ and sTLCλ with renal function parameters could evaluate sFLCκ or sFLCλ level respectively, while sFLC κ/λ was estimated by sTLCκ/λ.

Soil NO emissions represent an important source of atmospheric nitric oxide (NO) and play an important role in atmospheric chemistry. Based on the latest BDSNP algorithm, this study estimated the soil NO emissions over the Yangtze River Delta region for the year 2018 and further analyzed the associated temporal and spatial variations and uncertainties. The results showed that the annual soil NO emissions in 2018 over the YRD region was 213.6 kt, accounting for 7.3% of the total anthropogenic NO x emissions. Areas with high emissions were mainly concentrated in northern Anhui Province and most parts of Jiangsu Province. In terms of monthly variations, soil NO emissions peaked in June, accounting for 19.9% of the annual emissions and 19.7% of anthropogenic NO x emissions in June. In terms of daily variations, soil NO emissions peaked around 16:00 and accounted for 5.5% of daily emissions. Soil NO emissions came from three components:soil background, nitrogen fertilizer application, and nitrogen deposition. Nitrogen fertilizer application was the main source of soil NO emissions, accounting for up to 77.8%. With the in-depth reduction in NO x emissions from motor vehicles and industries, the importance of soil NO emissions will become increasingly prominent.

Purpose: To study the effect of orthodontic treatment with extraction on root resorption and alveolar bone morphology of the central incisor in adult patients., Methods: Eleven adult patients receiving orthodontic treatment were enrolled, and asked to take cone-beam CT(CBCT) scanning before and after treatment. Root resorption of the upper and lower central incisors after treatment, changes in alveolar bone thickness and height of alveolar bone were measured and compared. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 software package., Results: The length of the tooth and root was reduced to a certain degree. The change in root length of the maxillary incisor was larger than that of the mandibular incisor. The alveolar bone width of the lingual and palatal neck of the central incisor showed some reduction, and alveolar bone width of the palatal neck of the upper central incisor and the middle lingual side of the mandibular central incisor changed to a certain extent. The width of the alveolar bone in the middle labial side of the mandibular central incisor increased, but the alveolar bone on the lingual and palatal side increased after orthodontic treatment, which was more obvious than that of the maxillary central incisor., Conclusions: Orthodontic treatment with tooth extraction is accompanied by a certain degree of root resorption of the central incisor and alveolar bone on the lingual and palatal side. However it is also accompanied by an increase in the amount of alveolar bone on the labial side. More fenestration and dehiscence are observed in the mandible.