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In order to solve the problem of mine water surge prediction, we introduce deep learning theory, combine long short-term memory network (LSTM) and gated circulation unit (GRU), select mine water surge as the research object, and establish a mine water surge prediction model based on LSTM-GRU. Taking the mine water inflow of a mine in Shaanxi Province as sample data, the data set was divided into a training set and a test set using a 7∶3 ratio, and the gradient descent algorithm with good model training effect was selected to determine the network model parameters and regularization parameters. In order to prove the prediction accuracy of the LSTM-GRU model, the prediction results were compared with those obtained by the traditional ARIMA model and the LSTM model to predict mine water gusher, respectively. The results show that: the mean absolute percentage error (RMSE), root mean square error (MAE), mean absolute error (MAPE) and coefficient of determination (R2) of the LSTM-GRU composite model are 70.51, 53.4, 2.80% and 0.86, indicating that the model has high prediction accuracy and reliability. The prediction effect is better than the traditional ARIMA model and LSTM model.

In the context of global joint response to climate change, the air transport industry faces great pressure on carbon emission reduction. Carbon reduction in design and manufacturing of civil aircraft products is the core approach to realizing net zero emission in the aviation industry. Conducting research on green and low-carbon development of the aviation manufacturing industry is crucial for the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization of China’s air transport industry. This study analyzes the demand for low-carbon development from three aspects: satisfying the future mandatory standards for carbon emissions, developing new energy technologies, and promoting sustainable development of the aviation industry. The current status of design, material application, and manufacturing of civil aircraft products in China and abroad is investigated. Major problems faced by the industry is examined. This study focuses on improving the environmental protection competitiveness of civil aircraft products and reducing energy consumption during manufacturing, and proposes the carbon reduction potentials and staged goals for major technologies in the aviation manufacturing industry. The development routes are proposed from three technical aspects: green design, materials, and manufacturing of aircrafts. Furthermore, regulatory measures are proposed from the aspects of top-level planning, advanced technology research and development, industrial chain coordination, and carbon compensation and trading.

Lanthanum ranks first among rare earth elements and accounts for a large proportion of the total rare earth elements. It is rich in resources. La alloys have many applications in hydrogen storage materials, magnetic refrigeration, metal targets, and steel modification. This paper systematically introduces the latest research progress of La-Zn, La-Cu, La-Ni, and La-Al alloys prepared by molten salt electrolysis, compares and summarizes its application fields and the electrochemical behavior of La ions in molten salt. To make suggestions for future basic research and applied research directions.

Objective To explore the effect of E3 ligase neuregulin receptor degradation protein 1 (Nrdp1) regulating macrophage polarization on the function of fibroblasts. Methods Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were combined to induce mouse primary peritoneal macrophages to M1 macrophages (M1), and IL-13 was used to induce macrophages to M2 macrophages (M2). Then flow cytometry and Western blotting were used to detect M1 surface marker protein CD11c and its specific secretion inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and M2 surface marker protein CD206 and the secretion arginase 1 (Arg1). After the mouse macrophages was transfected with siRNA-Nrdp1 transiently for 24 h, the expression of Nrdp1 was detected by Western blotting. A Transwell co-culture system was established for macrophages and fibroblasts, and was induced under different conditions. The co-cultured cells were divided into LPS group (co-induction of LPS and IFN-γ), LPS-NC group (co-induction and siRNA of irrelevant sequence), LPS-siRNA-Nrdp1 group (co-induction of LPS and siRNA-Nrdp1), IL-13 group, IL-13-NC group and IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group. After co-culture for 8, 12 and 24 h, CCK-8 assay was employed to detect the proliferation of fibroblasts, and ELISA to measure the contents of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and type Ⅰ procollagen. Analysis of variance of factorial designs and Bonferroni test were used for statistical analysis for the data. Results The proportion of CD11c positive cells was significantly higher in the LPS-induced macrophages than the non-induced cells (P < 0.05), and similar result was seen in the IL-13-induced macrophages for CD206 expression (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis indicated the levels of iNOS and Arg1 were obviously higher in the LPS- and IL-13-induced macrophages than the non-induced control cells, respectively (P < 0.01). Transient transfection of siRNA-Nrdp1 resulted in notably lower expression of Nrdp1 when compared with the blank control and negative control transfection (both P < 0.01). In the co-culture system for 24 h, CCK8 assay showed the count of fibroblasts was significantly lower in the IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group than the IL-13 and IL-13-NC groups (P < 0.01), and ELISA indicated that the content of TGF-β1 was lower in the IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group than the IL-13 and IL-13-NC groups (P < 0.01), and that of type Ⅰ procollagen was lower in the IL-13-siRNA-Nrdp1 group than the IL-13 groups (P < 0.01). Conclusion Interference of Nrdp1 synthesis by siRNA can affect the polarization of macrophages to M2 type, inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts in the co-culture system of M2 type macrophages and fibroblasts, and reduce the TGF-β1 and type Ⅰ procollagen in the co-culture system.

In order to reveal the influence of spatial non-uniform distribution effect of carbon nanotubes on micro-scale mechanical and electrical properties of carbon nanotube reinforced composites, the fast Fourier transform (FFT) method was used to establish FFT micro-scale mechanical-electrical coupling model. Compared with the experimental data and theoretical calculation results in the literature, the efficiency, accuracy and applicability of the model were verified. The effects of spatial non-uniform distribution of bending and orientation of one-dimensional nano-conductive fillers (1D-NCF) on the mechanical and electrical properties of composites were investigated. The results show that when the volume fraction of 1D-NCF is ≤2%, equivalent conductivity decreases first and then increases with the increase of 1DNCF agglomeration rate, and increases with the increase of maximum orientation angle. When the volume fraction of 1DNCF is ≥3%, saturated equivalent conductivity decreases with the increase of agglomeration rate and maximum orientation angle. The study provides a reference for optimal design and construction of fiber-based flexible mechanical sensing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the efficiency of photocatalytic materials and realize the greening of materials, in this study, the magnetic photocatalytic materials were prepared by doping Ni-NiO/Fe3O4-GR with lignocellulose as the initial material and TiO2 as the catalytic bulk material. The results showed that the photocatalytic efficiency of methylene blue was significantly different with different proportions of Fe3O4-GR (G1F1). When the addition of photocatalytic material complex G1F1 was at 8.3% of the mass of lignocellulose, the photocatalytic efficiency could reach 91.92%, indicating excellent photocatalytic performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] To investigate the oviposition preferences of gall midge, Gephyraulus lycantha Jiao & Kolesik (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), females with respect to three different Lycium spp. host plants, and thereby clarify the effect of semiochemicals on host selection. [Methods] Oviposition preferences for three host plants, L. barbarum, L. chinense and L. ruthenicum, were determined in both choice and no-choice experiments. The preference of gravid females for specific volatiles emitted from these three different host plant species was measured in a Y-tube olfactometer under laboratory conditions. Dynamic headspace collection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze differences in the composition of volatiles emitted from the three different host plant species. [Results] L. barbarum was the preferred host species with a significantly (P<0.05) higher oviposition selection rate and number of eggs laid on the young flower buds of this species than on L. chinense or L. ruthenicum. The results of Y-tube olfactory experiments showed that females also significantly (P<0.05) preferred volatiles from bud-bearing branches of L. barbarum to those of the other two species. There were significant differences in the volatiles emitted from healthy flower buds of the three Lycium species. Volatile components of L. barbarum and L. chinense were relatively similar in that both contain a higher proportion of esters, whereas L. ruthenicum volatiles were low in esters and high in ketones. [Conclusion] G. lycantha significantly preferred ovipositing on L. barbarum to L. chinense or L. ruthenicum. Differences in the volatiles emitted from flower buds of L. barbarum might be responsible for this preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment was to investigate the effect of Yupingfeng granules on serum biochemical indexes and production performance of sows under heat stress. 75 healthy sows (Landrace x Yorkshire) with the gestation of 107 d and with the similar body weight and parity were randomly divided into three groups, with 25 replicates in each group and one sow in each replicate. Sows in group A were fed with Yupingfeng granule through mixing material, sows in group B were fed withMaxing Shigan granule through mixing material, and sows in group C were not given drugs. Sows were fed for 21 d. The results showed that on the 7th day, serum albumin (ALB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and direct bilirubin (DBIL) of sows in group A and group B were significantly or extremely lower than those in group C (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the effect of group A was better than that in group B. Compared with group C, the content of creatinine (CREA), total bile acid (TBA), uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and glutamate transferase (GGT-γ) in serum of sows in group A and group B were significantly or extremely decreased on the 21th day (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The feed intake of sows, labor process, seven-day mating rate, litter size, healthy litter size, litter weight of newborn piglets, and average weight of weaned piglets were improved in group A and group B, Yupingfeng granule had better improvement effect on average daily feed intake of sows and average weight of weaned piglets (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that feeding Yupingfeng granules to sows can relieve clinical heat stress and improve the performance of sows to a certain extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is an important parameter to reflect relative chlorophyll content and nitrogen level of crops, but NDVI's ability to estimate nitrogen nutrition is affected by varieties and growth period. The field experiments using several varieties were conducted in the main potato producing areas at the north foot of Yinshan mountain, Inner Mongolia. From early July to mid-august in 2014 to 2016, the canopy spectral index NDVI was measured by using the pocket active crop sensor GreenSeeker during potato critical growth period. The effects of cultivars and growth stages on NDVI estimation of nitrogen concentration in potato plants were compared. The linear correlation between NDVI and plant nitrogen concentration (PNC) was poor in tuber initiation, but increased in process of growth period. The combination of tuber bulking period and starch accumulation period significantly improved the linear modeling effect of NDVI and PNC. Variety combination reduced the sensitivity of NDVI and increased the discreteness of data, which could be offset by NDVI time series normalization (TNDVI), especially the fitting coefficient of determination (R²) of TNDVI and PNC increased from 0.13 to 0.47 in the tuber bulking period. The R² of linear estimation model of TNDVI for the combination of tuber initiation, tuber bulking and starch accumulation period was 0.76, which was significantly higher than that of NDVI. Plant-expanded varieties had a more linear fitting trend during tuber bulking and starch accumulation. The growth period and potato varieties had significant effects on NDVI estimation of PNC, and growth period had a greater effect. The established TNDVI spectral index overcame the data differentiation and saturation phenomenon during tuber bulking and starch accumulation caused by variety difference, which provides a theoretical basis and method for the application of NDVI in the diagnosis of nitrogen concentration in potato plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of Message Ferrying approach (MFR), this paper proposes a Ferry routing scheme for remote village networks called multi-constraint Ferry routing (MCFR). The routing scheme makes full use of the packet's information carried in Ferry and the information of the node location to calculate the evaluation value from Ferry to each node. The next hop of the Ferry is designated by the maximum evaluation value. Simulation results show that the proposed MCFR scheme is better than the MFR because it has a higher delivery ratio and a lower end-to-end delay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the limited network resources, we propose an integrated utility based spray and forward routing algorithm for delay tolerant mobile sensor networks (DTMSN). To deal with the message redundancy, a buffer management scheme is also proposed for this algorithm. Simulation results show that, compared with spray and wait routing (SWR) algorithm, this proposal could achieve better network performances in efficiency, reliability and resource utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burning behavior of cotton, flax, silk, wool, acrylic fiber, polyamide 6 and polyester has been tested in a FTT cone calorimeter. The relationships of heat release rate, CO and CO2 yield, oxygen consumption to combustion time plus total smoke production, respectively, have been obtained. And the differences among those data of seven kinds of fabric samples above have been analyzed preliminarily in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the conditions of ideal and shadow fading environments, with the assumption that nodes are uniformly distributed, the connectivity of mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET) is calculated in theory respectively. The exact formulas of connectivity, which shows the relation of connectivity, node number and node transmitted power, are derived its validity has been verified by the Matlab simulation. Then, network simulation model is constructed based upon OPNET and the network performances further demonstrate the rationality of the theoretical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review summarized the research achievements of mushroom sauce in recent years, from the aspects of raw and auxiliary materials selection, formula, and process research, analysis and testing, existing problems, and prospected the raw material quality and nutrition safety detection.

For problem that it is easy to take place spontaneous combustion in conveying coal by use of conveyor belt, a design scheme of detection device of coal moisture on conveying belt was proposed, and design of hardware and software of the device were introduced. The device adopts microwave transmission method to get coal moisture content through measuring microwave power attenuation. The calibration experiment demonstrates that the device has advantages of low error and high measuring accuracy, which provides an effective method of measuring coal moisture on conveying belt.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether chrysin reduces cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI) by inhi-biting ferroptosis in rats. Male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham group, a model group, high-, medium-, and low-dose chrysin groups(200, 100, and 50 mg·kg~(-1)), and a positive drug group(Ginaton, 21.6 mg·kg~(-1)). The CIRI model was induced in rats by transient middle cerebral artery occlusion(tMCAO). The indexes were evaluated and the samples were taken 24 h after the operation. The neurological deficit score was used to detect neurological function. The 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining was used to detect the cerebral infarction area. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the morphological structure of brain tissues. Prussian blue staining was used to observe the iron accumulation in the brain. Total iron, lipid pero-xide, and malondialdehyde in serum and brain tissues were detected by biochemical reagents. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR), immunohistochemistry, and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of solute carrier fa-mily 7 member 11(SLC7A11), transferrin receptor 1(TFR1), glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 4(ACSL4), and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2) in brain tissues. Compared with the model group, the groups with drug intervention showed restored neurological function, decreased cerebral infarction rate, and alleviated pathological changes. The low-dose chrysin group was selected as the optimal dosing group. Compared with the model group, the chrysin groups showed reduced content of total iron, lipid peroxide, and malondialdehyde in brain tissues and serum, increased mRNA and protein expression levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4, and decreased mRNA and protein expression levels of TFR1, PTGS2, and ACSL4. Chrysin may regulate iron metabolism via regulating the related targets of ferroptosis and inhibit neuronal ferroptosis induced by CIRI.

In this study, rice straw, soybean straw, wheat straw, and corn straw were chosen as raw materials, and biochars were prepared through the pyrolysis method at 550℃ under oxygen-limited conditions to investigate the physicochemical properties of biochars derived from the straws, the migration and transformation characteristics of heavy metals (HMs) (Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb) after pyrolysis, and their leaching behaviors in different leaching solutions. The results showed that the physicochemical properties and elemental composition of the biochars were basically consistent. However, compared with that of biochars derived from other straws, biochar derived from wheat straw had a higher ash content (22.48%) and H/C radio (0.06). Meanwhile, biochar derived from corn straw had a smaller micropore volume (0.006 cm 3 ·g -1 ) and a correspondingly smaller specific surface area (110.120 m 2 ·g -1 ), which was consistent with the SEM image. After pyrolysis, the content of HMs (except Cd) increased by 14.04% to 410.81%, especially that of Cu and As. However, the content of Cd in soybean straw and corn straw decreased by 20.49% and 8.20% after pyrolysis, respectively, due to the low boiling point of Cd. Furthermore, most of the HMs (except Cd and Pb) tended to transform from unstable (acid-soluble/exchangeable and reducible forms) to stable forms (oxidizable and residual forms), implying that pyrolysis facilitated the stabilization of the HMs. The HMs in biochar were not leached or were leached in small amounts in ultra-pure water and buffered salt solutions, as opposed to leaching in relatively larger amounts in acetic acid solution and humic acid solution. Cr and Ni showed low leaching capacity in all leaching solutions. Cu showed relatively high leaching capacity in acetic acid solution, with the leaching amount ranging from 2.601 mg·kg -1 to 4.224 mg·kg -1 , and As showed a relatively high leaching capacity in humic acid solution, with the leaching amount ranging from 0.074 mg·kg -1 to 0.166 mg·kg -1 . After pyrolysis, the environmental quality index (PI i ) and the Nemerow pollution index (NPI) values of various HMs increased by different degrees. However, the pollution of single HMs remained at a safe level, and the integrated pollution of biochars was at the level of "clean". Due to the significant increase in potential ecological risk factors ( E r ) of Ni, Cd, and Pb after pyrolysis, the potential ecological risk index (RI) of biochar derived from the rice straw increased slightly. However, the potential ecological risk indexes of biochars derived from other straws significantly decreased after pyrolysis, owing to the stabilization of HMs.

In order to explore the spatial and temporal changes in spatial patterns and source changes in heavy metals in Xiangzhou District, 395 and 326 soil samples were collected from cultivated soil in Xiangzhou District in November 2009 and November 2019, respectively. The contents of Cr, Pb, As, Hg, and Cd during these two years were measured. The spatial pattern and variation distribution of five types of heavy metals during these two years were obtained by using the empirical Bayesian Kriging (EBK) method. The effect ( q- statistic) of 19 environmental factors and 5 types of heavy metals was calculated by using the geographical detector model (GDM), and the changes over the two years were compared. The results showed that compared with that in 2009, the heavy metal contents of Cr, Pb, Hg, and As in Xiangzhou District were decreased as a whole in 2019, whereas the Cd content increased overall. The spatial differentiation of heavy metals in the soil in Xiangzhou District in 2019 was more complicated than that in 2009. Pb, Hg, and Cd in the south and Hg in the central urban area and surrounding areas also increased. The content of each element decreased to the north and northwest. Compared with that in 2009, the explanatory power of natural factors and the distance between pollution enterprises on the single factor of the five soil heavy metal contents in 2019 decreased, and the influence on the contents under the control of single factors decreased significantly. The superposition influence of human activity factors increased, especially the distance between residential land, road, and land for pollution enterprises and environmental factors on soil heavy metal elements. These results indicated that the changes in soil heavy metal sources in 2019 tended to be complex, with structural factors as the main influencing factor. The influence of the emission of polluting enterprises on heavy metal elements decreased, whereas the influence of human activities on heavy metal content increased.

To investigate the effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on mangrove wetland ecosystem, the benthic crustacean and fish samples were collected using cage nets in Zhangjiang Estuary Mangrove Wetland, Fujian Pro-vince in August 2020, January and April 2021. The five sampling sites included two mangroves ( Avicennia marina and Kandelia obovata ) sites, two S. alterniflora sites, and one mudflat site. The abundance, biomass, index of relative importance (IRI), Shannon diversity index ( H ), Pielou evenness index ( J ), and Margalef richness index ( D ) were used to quantify the dominant species and species diversity of benthic crustaceans and fishes. The functional groups and niche of dominant species were also analyzed. A total of 37 species, from 2 phyla, 2 classes, 8 orders, and 17 families, were identified across the three seasons. Most of them were warm-water and euryhaline species, mainly carnivorous and omnivorous functional groups. The results of two-way analysis of variance and NMDS showed that the community diversity index of benthic crustacean and fish did not change significantly after the invasion of S. alterniflora compared with mudflat. Functional groups had changed significantly, with the species number of plankton functional groups, carnivorous and phytophagous functional groups being increased. Compared with mangrove sites, the number of species of benthic crustacean and fish in S. alterniflora sites was significantly increased. The spatio-temporal niche breadth of dominant species ranged from 0 to 1.4186, with Liza carinata (1.4186), Bostrychus sinensis (1.0168), Metapenaeus ensis (0.9469) and Exopalaemon carinicauda (0.8922) as the top four species.

This study aims to explore the mechanism of &quot;simultaneous treatment of the brain and the heart&quot; of Naoxintong Capsules(NXT) under cerebral ischemia based on Toll-like receptor(TLR) signaling pathway.Male SD rats were randomized into sham operation group, model group, NXT group, and positive drug group.Middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) model rats were used in model group, NXT group, and positive drug group, respectively.Neurological function was scored with the Bederson scale, and brain infarct rate was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining.Brain edema was detected with wet-dry weight method.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL) staining were used to observe and count apoptotic cardiocytes.In addition, serum myocardial enzymes were measured.The expression of 8 TLR signaling pathway-related proteins interferon-α(IFN-α), interferon regulatory factor-3(IRF3), interferon regulatory factor-7(IRF7), TLR2, TLR4, TLR7, TLR9, and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the cerebral cortex and heart of rats was detected by Western blot. Brain infarct rate, neurological function score, and brain water content in NXT group decreased significantly compared with those in the model group. At the same time, the reduction in apoptosis rate of cardiocytes and the content of serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), creatine kinase(CK), and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were decreased in the NXT group.Systems pharmacological results and previous research showed that TLR signaling pathway played an important role in immune inflammatory response.The study of TLR signaling pathway and related proteins is helpful to elucidate the mechanism of &quot;simultaneous treatment of the brain and the heart&quot;. Western blot results showed that NXT significantly inhibited the expression of IRF3, IRF7, TLR2, TLR7, and TNF-α in cerebral cortex and heart under cerebral ischemia.Cerebral ischemia influences cardiac functions, and TLR signaling pathway is one of the pathways for &quot;simultaneous treatment of the brain and the heart&quot; of NXT.

Topsoil (0-20 cm) samples ( n =101) in 5 different land use types in Shenyang North New Area (SNNA), Shenyang, China were collected using the uniform grid layout method to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics, composition spectrum, and source analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) listed as priority pollutants by the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States. Results showed that the total concentration of the 16 PAHs (Σ PAHs ) in soils of SNNA ranged from 123.7 μg·kg -1 to 932.5 μg·kg -1 . The PAH components were mainly dominated by 3-ring and 4-ring PAHs, of which the proportion of 3-ring PAHs was the highest. The spatial distribution of the Σ PAHs concentration was obvious, showing a decreasing tendency from south to north and from east to west. In the five soil types, the average concentrations of the Σ PAHs were relatively higher in the urban green space and the artificial forest, followed by the vegetable land, while the total PAH concentrations in paddy fields and corn fields were relatively lower and had no obvious spatial distribution differences. Source apportionment results studied using characteristic ratio analysis and factor analysis/multivariate linear regression showed that the main sources of PAHs in the topsoil of SNNA were mixed sources. Industrial coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust were the main PAH contributors, with a combined contribution rate of 79.6%. The oil spill and coke oven contribution rate was about 16.2%, and the biomass fuel combustion was about 4.2%.

Objective: To analyze the postoperative short-term and long-term outcomes in the management of type I esophageal atresia, and to explore the ideal operative strategy., Methods: Clinical data of 22 patients with type I esophageal atresia treated from January 2005 to September 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Of 22 patients, 6 patients gave up the treatment. Two underwent primary repair after birth. Of 14 patients undergoing cervical esophagostomy and gastrostomy, 8 patients received esophageal replacement. Postoperative short-term and long-term complications, nutritional state and neurodevelopment were studied on above 10 children with radical operations., Results: Of 10 patients with radical operation, the short-term complications were hydrothorax in 1 case, anastomotic leakage in 4, dumping syndrome in 1, anastomotic stricture in 1. The long-term complications were esophageal stricture in 2 cases, and repeated respiratory infection in 3. These complications could be managed successfully. The postoperative follow-up duration ranged from 2 to 62 months. Two cases were lost during follow-up after 2 years. Weight-for-age was normal in 2 patients, mild malnutrition in 5 patients, and moderate malnutrition in 1 patients. Neurodevelopment is significantly delayed as compared to normal children., Conclusions: Operative strategy should be chosen according to the distance between proximal and distal esophagus in the treatment of type I esophageal atresia. The efficacy of radical operation is relative satisfactory in terms of short-term and long-term complications and the quality of life.

Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics of Wolman disease and diagnostic methods using enzymatic and molecular analysis., Method: Lysosomal acid lipase activity was measured using 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate in the leukocytes of an infant suspected of Wolman disease and LIPA gene mutational analysis was performed by PCR and direct sequencing in the proband and his parents. After the diagnosis was confirmed, the clinical, biochemical, radiological and histopathological findings in this case of Wolman disease were retrospectively reviewed., Result: The sixteen-day-old boy was failing to thrive with progressive vomiting, abdominal distention and hepatosplenomegaly. Abdominal X-ray revealed adrenal calcifications which were confirmed on abdominal CT scan. Xanthomatosis were observed on enlarged liver, spleen and lymph nodes during abdominal surgery. Liver and lymph node biopsy showed foamy histiocytes. The lysosomal acid lipase activity in leukocytes was 3.5 nmol/(mg·h) [control 35.5 - 105.8 nmol/(mg·h)]. Serum chitotriosidase activity was 315.8 nmol/(ml·h) [control 0 - 53 nmol/(ml·h)]. The patient was homozygote for a novel insert mutation allele c.318 ins T, p. Phe106fsX4 in exon 4 on LIPA gene. His both parents were carriers of the mutation., Conclusion: The clinical features of Wolman disease include early onset of vomiting, abdominal distention, growth failure, hepatosplenomegaly and bilateral adrenal calcification after birth. A plain abdominal X-ray film should be taken to check for the typical pattern of adrenal calcification in suspected cases of Wolman disease. The enzymatic and molecular analyses of lysosomal acid lipase can confirm the diagnosis of Wolman disease.

Objective: To examine the long-term outcomes of total colonic aganglionosis (TCA) and to evaluate their nutritional status., Methods: Eleven pediatric patients treated for TCA between January 1999 and December 2010 were included in the study and followed up. Physical measurements including height, weight and laboratory tests were assessed. Anorectal functions were evaluated with Kelly score and quality of life(QOL) using questionnaire., Results: The length of follow-up ranged from 8 to 147 months. The children had satisfactory anorectal function (Kelly score, 5-6). One child had a Kelly score of 3. The children who were followed up less than 48 months had significant higher Kelly scores compared with those with more than 48 months follow-up(P<0.05). QOL was good in nine patients (QOL score, 9-10) and moderate (score, 7-8) in 2 patients. Weight-for-age was normal in 2 patients, mild malnutrition in 6 patients, and moderate malnutrition in 3 patients. Height-for-age was normal in 6 patients, mild malnutrition in 3 patients, and moderate malnutrition in 2 patients. The serum albumin was(49.0±2.7) g/L in children with well-educated parents, significantly higher than those with poorly-educated parents(44.3±1.9) g/L(P<0.05)., Conclusions: Long-term outcomes of children with TCA are satisfactory with good anorectal function and quality of life. Low body weight is more common than low height. Children with well-educated parents have better nutrition status.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of preoperative regional intra-arterial chemotherapy (PRAC) on progressive lower rectal cancer., Methods: Forty-five patients with progressive lower rectal cancer were divided into groups A (23 cases) and B (22 cases) for treatment with PRAC 1 to 2 weeks prior to surgical tumor resection or with surgical resection only, respectively., Results: PRAC caused obvious tissue degeneration and necrosis of rectal cancer with a total effective rate of 95.65%. The rates of radical resection in groups A and B were 91.3% and 72.27%, respectively. The 1-year postoperative survival rates of the two groups were 95.65% and 86.36%, with 3-year survival of 89.96% and 68.18%, and 3-year postoperative recurrence rates of 8.69% and 27.27%, respectively. The anal preservation rates of the two groups were 78.26% and 59.09%., Conclusion: PRAC can increase radical resection rates, promote the postoperative survival and anal preservation rate, and lower the recurrence rate in patients with lower rectal cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the regimen of lamivudine (LAM) combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in prevention and treatment of re-infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and recurrence of hepatitis B after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for HBV related end stage liver disease., Methods: The clinical data of 183 adult liver transplantation patients who lived more than 6 months and were followed up for 14.6 months with complete data were studied retrospectively. According to the HBV prevention strategy, these recipients were divided into two groups: group of pure LAM (n = 106) and group of LAM plus intramuscular injection of low dose HBIG (n = 77)., Results: The rate of HBsAg negative conversion 1 week after OLT of the LAM group was 82.10% (87/106), significantly lower than that of the LAM + HBIG group [94.81% (73/77), P = 0.010]. The rates of HBV reinfection, HB recurrence, and YMDD mutation of the lamivudine group were 16.98% (18/106), 11.32% (12/106), and 8.49% (9/106) respectively, all significantly higher than those of the LAM + HBIG group [6.49% (5/77), 2.60% (2/77), and 1.30% (1/77) respectively, P = 0.035, 0.028, and 0.035 respectively]. All the patients with YMDD mutation were treated with adefovir (ADF) with improvement. Analysis showed no obvious difference in the effect of LAM given intramuscularly or intravenously., Conclusion: The protocol of combination of LAM and HBIG is highly effective, safe, and cost-effective in preventing the recurrence of HBV after OLT. YMDD mutation can be treated by ADF with satisfactory results.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and security of super crush-run tong xinluo capsule (SCTXLC) for apoplexy due to energy-deficiency and blood-stasis., Method: The randomised controlled double blind non-inferiority trial versus paroxetine, parallel contrast, different Kinds of Techniques and dosage, the clinical trial design was adopted, 144 patients with stroke of convalescent stage were selected by 2 group, which course of diseases was in 2 weekens to 3 months, neurological deficit scores was 8 to 30, grade of acaties of daily living scores was 2 to 5. the treatment group (n = 72) received SCTXLC 0.26 g (a capsule), 4 capsules at a time, three times a day, while that of the control group (n = 72) received common crush-run tong xinluo capsule (CCTXLC) 0.38 g (a capsule), 4 capsules at a time, three times a day, the therapeutic course for both groups was 28 d., Result: The synthesis total effective rates of the stroke in treatment group and control group were 91.3% and 87.3% respectively, showing no significant difference. The Lower Bound Upper Bound of Asymptotic 95% Confidence Interval of the total effective rates difference is -4.57%, over the beforehand Lower Bound of 15%, non-inferiority trial versus paroxetine was eligible. The adverse reactions occurred was 1 patient in the treatment group and 2 patients in control group in clinical trial., Conclusion: SCTXLC has definite effect for apoplexy due to energy-deficiency and blood-stasis, the efficacy in the treated group was equal to that in the control group, and favourable satety for usage.

Objective: To explore the short-term effect of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with arterial embolization in treating patients with primary liver cancer., Methods: Thirty patients with primary liver cancer received the combined treatment and the pre- and post-operative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, imaging features, and liver function were investigated along with observation of the incidence of complications to evaluate the therapeutic effects., Results: The post-operative AFP positivity and the tumor density were significantly reduced in these patients, and their one-year survival rate reached 96.7% with only minor complications observed., Conclusion: RFA combined with arterial embolization is effective for primary liver cancer.