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A titanium alloy collision friction ignition device was used to conduct collision and continuous friction between TC4 titanium alloy rotating rod and TA7 and other titanium alloy collision samples.Combined with SEM and other microscopic analysis，the anti-ignition performance and products of TA7 and TC11 titanium alloys were studied，and the experimental results under this special friction condition were obtained. The research results show that the friction contact pressure Pf and the combustion chamber pressure P can be effective test parameters to evaluate the titanium alloy impact ignition process. The critical ignition curves of the three titanium alloys drawn based on Pf-P are all linear laws，and the anti-ignition performance is：TC11 > TA11 > TA7. Microscopic analysis of the titanium alloy after impact ignition shows that the combustion reaction zone of the titanium alloy consists of four regions：the combustion product zone （CPZ），the oxide zone （OZ），the heat-affected zone （HAZ），and the friction product zone （FPZ） in total. The multi-layer structure of Al2O3 formed by TC11 after ignition is conducive to blocking the mutual diffusion of Ti，O and other elements，which is the main reason for its superior anti-impact ignition performance.

The Penthorum chinense Pursh leaves were rich in active ingredients. The active ingredient content, in vitro antioxidant capacity and pancreatic lipase inhibition ability of P. chinense leaves extracted by different solvents (80% acetone, 80% ethanol, 80% methanol, water) were compared in this study. The results showed that the total phenolic content (250.04 mg/g) extracted by 80% acetone was highest, while both the total flavonoid content (176.96 mg/g and 174.89 mg/g) and total proanthocyanidins content (43.05 mg/g and 42.87 mg/g) extracted by 80% methanol and 80% ethanol were highest. Except for rutin, isoquercitrin, kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside, pinocembrin 7-O-D-glucoside, pinocembrin 7-O-(3''-O-galloy-4'',6''-hexahydroxydiphenoyl)-β-glucoside and thonningianin A, the content of nine phenolic compounds showed insignificant differences among three organic solvent extracts, which were significantly higher than those in water extract (P0.05 ), while 80% acetone extract showed the strongest ABTS+ free radical scavenging ability (IC50=48.92 μg/mL) and 80% ethanol extract also showed the strongest ferric reducing antioxidant power. In addition, in vitro pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of 80% acetone extract (IC50=0.46 mg/mL) was the strongest. Correlation analysis showed that DPPH and ABTS+ free radical scavenging ability and pancreatic lipase inhibition ability were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with 11 phenolic compounds (P

As shale oil exploration and development intensifies， the experimental technologies for shale oil development have been continuously improved while inheriting the experimental technologies and methods of conventional reservoirs and shale gas reservoirs， and a set of experimental technology systems of reservoir physics and flow mechanisms has been initially formed， which provides strong technical support for geological evaluation of shale reservoirs， reservoir engineering optimization design， and enhanced oil recovery. The development status of six experimental technologies in China and abroad， including porosity， permeability， oil-water saturation， wettability， relative permeability， and imbibition， was systematically summarized. In view of the characteristics of continental shale oil， such as low maturity， strong heterogeneity， and well-developed lamina and micro-fractures， the measurement methods and principles， key influencing factors， control conditions of experiments， advantages and disadvantages and technical applicability of experiment methods were analyzed. The main problems， development trends， and research direction of these experimental technologies were put forward. The results show that ① unifying the cleaning agent and cleaning time of rock samples is the key to improving the comparability of different measurement methods of porosity， and nuclear magnetic resonance measurement of porosity is the technological development direction to meet the needs of rapid analysis in mining fields； ② the irregular and multi-directional permeability measurement technology capable of simulating formation pressure changes is the future technological development direction； ③ the alcohol soaking method and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance （T1-T2） method are the technological development direction of the determination of shale oil-water saturation， but they still face the problem of the influence of clay bound water and adsorbed oil on the determination accuracy； ④ the droplet morphology method is one of the future development directions of measurement technology of shale reservoir wettability， which requires further research and unified standards in experimental methods and comprehensive evaluation methods for surface wetting and spontaneous imbibition processes； ⑤ the combination of experimental measurement and numerical method is an effective way to obtain the relative permeability of shale reservoirs， and the micro-oil and water metering， end-effect correction， as well as technologies and methods considering the time-varying pressure are the key directions； ⑥ pressure imbibition measurement method should be used to evaluate imbibition effect and optimize well kill time in elastic development after fracturing. Pressure imbibition measurement methods based on nuclear magnetic resonance T2 spectrum， stratification T2 spectrum， and T1-T2 spectrum will be one of the essential technological development directions.

Developing offshore wind power is an important measure to achieve the goal of 'dual carbon'. DC submarine cables are important devices in offshore wind power transmission projects, and the research on the ampacity of submarine cables plays an important role in promoting the large-scale development of offshore wind power. In recent years, the research on the ampacity of high-voltage DC submarine cables has considered relatively single marine environmental factors, and the limitation of temperature difference of insulation layer has not fully be considered. The article establishes an electric-thermal-current coupling model of the 500 kV DC submarine cable and the seawater system. Under different laying methods for single and bipolar submarine cables, the effects of vertical ocean currents (currents flowing perpendicular to the length direction of the cable) flow velocity, limitation of temperature difference of insulation layer and the the different spacing of the bipolar cables on the ampacity are studied. The results show that considering the temperature difference limitation 20 ℃ of the insulation layer comprehensively has a smaller ampacity compared with the situation only considering the temperature limitation 70 ℃ of the wire core, and direct burial laying has a smaller impact on the ampacity compared to any other laying method. It is also found that the ampacity of bipolar submarine cables increases with the increase of the distance between the two poles. When the flow rate is 0.1 m/s, the vortex have a small improvement effect on the ampacity of the submarine cable. The electric field flips around a temperature difference of 6 ℃ in the insulation layer. The research results can provide important guidance and reference for the selection of laying methods, and even for the prediction or evaluation of ampacity.

A method of combining headspace microextraction technique based on a polyurethane sponge-supported liquid film with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed for convenient and sensitive analysis of six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in environmental water samples. The microextraction device consists of three parts, namely injector, polyurethane sponge, and headspace bottle. Firstly, the commercially available polyurethane sponge was specially tailored to be fitted into miniature cylinders that were compatible with the internal cavity of the 2.5 mL syringe needle. Then the extraction solvents were loaded to form a microextraction liquid film on the surface and inside of the sponge. After sealed with syringe barrel, the syringe needle was inserted into the septum of headspace bottle for headspace microextraction. The dynamic suction, heating assistance, and magnetic stirring were adopted to accelerate the volatilization process and transferring of the analytes in gas-liquid interface. Given the excellent elasticity of polyurethane sponge, the extraction solution could be successfully recovered through solvent elution and physical extrusion. The influence of the types and amounts of extraction solvents, suction time, heating (extraction) temperatures, stirring speeds, and eluent volumes on the enrichment efficiency of the monitored PAHs were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the satisfactory extraction efficiency could be achieved by using 40 µL of carbon tetrachloride as an extractant, which were loaded into a polyurethane sponge microcylinder with a bottom diameter and height of 4 mm, and followed by 150 cycles dynamic suction under extraction conditions of 65 ℃ and 1 000 r/min. Subsequently, physical extrusion was adopted to collect the extraction solution after elution with 30 µL of carbon tetrachloride. The validation results demonstrated that the proposed method achieves good relative recoveries of PAHs ranging from 94.7% to 113.2% at three spiked levels of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μg/L. The intra- and inter-day precisions are in the range of 1.0%-8.1% and 4.2%-9.5%, respectively. Good linearities are observed for all monitored PAHs with the regression coefficients (R2) greater than 0.997 in the concentration range of 0.01-5 μg/L. The limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) are in the range of 3-30 ng/L and 10-100 ng/L, respectively. This method is easy to operate, and has the advantages of low cost, high sensitivity as well as fast speed, having highly potential in the field of trace volatile analysis in environmental samples.

During the coal mining process, a large amount of waste such as coal gangue and coal washing water is generated. The heavy metal pollutants in those wastes migrate and diffuse into the surrounding soil and water environment through sedimentation, runoff, leaching and other processes, posing a threat to the ecological environment. In order to study the heavy metal pollution in an abandoned coal mine area and to evaluate its ecological hazard risk, the contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cr, Ni, Hg, Cd elements in the coal gangue, water and soil samples of the mining area were detected. The single factor index method and potential ecological hazard index method were used to analyze the heavy metal pollution and its potential ecological hazard risk. The heavy metal pollution in the soil downstream of the coal washing plant in the mining area was mainly studied. The improved BCR continuous extraction method was used to analyze the forms of heavy metal elements (Cu, Zn, Cd) in the soil samples and the risk assessment coding method was employed to evaluate the bioavailability and environmental risks of heavy metal elements. The results show that: ① on average, the heavy metal contents in the coal gangue of the coal mine area are relatively low, with only Cr element content being slightly higher than that in soil. Moreover, the heavy metal element contents in the coal gangue do not exceed the risk intervention values for the soil of agricultural land, which has a little impact on heavy metal pollution in the soil. ② The heavy metal contents in the mine area’ exceed the standard, including that of Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and As elements, and the Cd pollution is relatively serious. The pollution areas of Cu, Zn, and Ni elements are mainly concentrated in the western and southeastern parts of the gangue hill, with a certain overlap in spatial distribution. The As element pollution is distributed in the northeastern part of the gangue hill, while the Cd element pollution is widely distributed in the mine area, with moderate to severe pollution. ③ The Cd and Hg elements have potential ecological hazard risk, with a higher risk for Cd element. The comprehensive potential ecological hazard risk (RI) of heavy metal elements is mainly moderate to strong. ④ The contents of heavy metal elements in the soil downstream of the coal washing plant show an overall decreasing trend along the water flow direction, with the Cd element pollution being more severe, and the Cu, Zn, Ni, As element pollution concentrated within 200 m downstream of the coal washing plant. The heavy metal element contents of the profile sample shows a decreasing trend in the vertical direction, with no accumulation in the vertical direction. ⑤ The groundwater quality in the mine area is good, and the pH and the contents of heavy metal elements in the mine water meet the limit values of Class III surface water quality standards. The discharge of mine water drainage has a little impact on heavy metal pollution in the soil. ⑥ The proportions of acid extractable Cu and Zn elements are low, with low bioavailability, while that of Cd element is high, presenting a high-extremely high risk, with strong bioavailability and high environmental risk. Based on the current situation of heavy metal pollution in the mining area, it is recommended to further strengthen the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, strengthen the source control, monitoring of agricultural food safety, and the investigation and research on the Cd element pollution.

[Objective] With the intensified influence of climate change and human activities, the climate and underlying surface conditions of the basins have changed. Accurately simulating the process of soil moisture change and analyzing its influencing factors are of great significance for regional water resource management and vegetation construction. [Methods] The Weihe River Basin in the Loess Plateau was taken as the research object. Based on the ABCD hydrological model, the EFAST method was used to analyze the parameter sensitivity of the model, and the constant parameter and time-varying parameter models were constructed. The runoff depth and soil water storage simulation accuracy of different parameter models were compared. The effects of climate change and vegetation restoration on soil water storage changes in the Weihe River Basin were discussed, and the dominant factors of soil water storage changes were clarified. [Results] The proportional parameter of soil water layer recharge groundwater c was the most sensitive, followed by the groundwater storage coefficient d, the upper limit parameter b of the sum of actual evapotranspiration and soil water storage, and the tendency parameter a of runoff that before the soil is completely saturated was the least sensitive. Compared with the ABCD constant parameter model, the time-varying parameter model increased the values of NSE, KGE, and R2 of the runoff depth simulation results by 19%, 10%, and 19%, respectively, and the NSE, KGE, and R2 of the verification period increased by 7%, 7%, and 9%, respectively. The time-varying parameter model significantly improved the runoff depth simulation results. The srtongest correlation between soil water storage in the Weihe river basin and ERA 5-Land 0-100 cm soil layer based on time-varying parameter model simulation, and the change process of the two agreed well. The degree of different influencing factors on the change of soil water storage in the Weihe River Basin from strong to weak was potential evapotranspiration>precipitation>NDVI. [Conclusion] The research results provide a scientific basis for water resources planning and management and vegetation construction in this area and they also provide references for soil water storage research in other similar areas.

Zr-Y modified silicide coating was deposited on TC4 alloy by the pack cementation process. The microstructure， friction and wear performance， and wear mechanisms of the coating were investigated. The results show that the Zr-Y modified silicide coating has a multi-layer structure， an outer layer consists of TiSi2 and a small amount of ZrSi2， a thin middle layer is TiSi， and an inner layer is a mixture of Ti5Si4 and Ti5Si3. The micro-hardness of the coating is much higher than that of the TC4 substrate and exhibits an obvious decrease tendency from the surface to the interior. The Zr-Y modified silicide coating possesses good anti-wear performance when wearing against GCr15 and Al2O3 balls at a high-temperature of 600 ℃. When wearing against GCr15， the wear rate of the coating is about 3.59×10-5 mm3/（N·m）， which is about 36.6% of that of the TC4 substrate， and the main wear mechanisms are characterized by the adhesive of GCr15 on the coating surface and oxidation wear. When wearing against the Al2O3 ball， the wear rate of the coating is about 9.75×10-5 mm3/（N·m）， which is about 18.9% of that of the TC4 substrate， and the wear mechanisms are fatigue wear， oxidation wear， and adhesion wear.

Starch was the main source of carbohydrates in people's daily diet, and its digestibility was an important factor affecting the body's postprandial blood glucose level. In this paper, the effect of xylose on the in vitro digestive properties of corn starch and its mechanism of action were investigated. The in vitro digestibility of starch was evaluated by an in vitro simulated digestion system after different additions of xylose (5%, 10%, and 15%), and the mechanisms of xylose on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, as well as its effect on blood glucose fluctuation through enzyme inhibition kinetics, molecular docking, and human glycemic index (GI) tests. The results showed that the digestive hydrolysis of corn starch was inhibited by different amounts of xylose, and the IC50 values of xylose on α-glucosidase and α-amylase were 205.35 and 4.75 mg/mL, respectively, which belonged to the mixed type inhibitors. Xylose interacted with amino acid residues of α-glucosidase and α-amylase through hydrogen bonding with binding energies of −3.05 and −5.30 kcal/mol, respectively. Additionally, the GI value of plant-based peptidoglycan milk decreased from 58 to 45 after the addition of xylose, which demonstrated that xylose was effective in decreasing the fluctuation of postprandial blood glucose. The results could provide scientific data to support the research and application of xylose in nutritional and health foods.

In order to verify the effect of emulsifiers on the digestion of whole nutrient emulsion in vitro, three whole nutrient emulsions respectively containing octenyl succinic acid starch (OS), Zein, and phospholipids (PL) were prepared through shear and high-pressure homogenization. The pH-stat method was used to simulate the in vitro digestion process of whole nutrient emulsion, and the effects of OS, Zein Pickering emulsifier and PL traditional emulsifier on the digestion characteristics of whole nutrient emulsion were studied. The particle size distribution, zeta potential, microstructure, and lipid digestibility of whole nutrient emulsion during digestion were measured. The results showed that during the simulated digestion process, the particle sizes of the three emulsions showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the absolute values of zeta potential showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. After digestion, the potential values of OS emulsion, Zein emulsion, and PL emulsion were −14.53, −19.90, and −18.80 mV, respectively. The oil drops of Zein emulsion were most hydrolyzed by lipase and the final free fatty acid release rates of Zein emulsion, OS emulsion, and PL emulsion were 20.54%, 17.21%, and 14.29%, respectively. Pickering whole nutrient emulsion had a higher in vitro lipid digestion rate than traditional whole nutrient emulsion, which was conducive to the digestion and absorption of whole nutrient emulsion lipids and helped to improve the bioavailability of lipid soluble bioactive components in emulsion.

【Objective】 The variation in evapotranspiration is an important parameter in irrigation design. In this paper, we propose and verify a modified single crop coefficient method to calculate the evapotranspiration of greenhouse lettuce. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in autumn from 2021 to 2022 in a greenhouse grown with lettuce. The crop coefficient was calculated using the formula recommended by FAO-56, with the calculated crop coefficient for initial growth stage being modified based on ET0 and irrigation frequency, while for other growing stages it was modified based on meteorological factors and plant height. The modified single crop coefficient was then used to calculate the evapotranspiration of the lettuce, with the calculated results being validated against measured data from weighing lysimeters. 【Result】 The mean reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) of the lettuce varied between 1.18 to 2.44 mm/d, but showed a decreasing trend from 2021 to 2022. The modified crop coefficient and measured crop coefficient both peaked at the initial stage, with their associated two-year average being 0.74±0.13 and 0.76±0.13, respectively. As the crop grew, both crop coefficients asymptotically decreased to 0.5~0.6 in the middle and later growing stages. The modified crop coefficient was closer to the measured crop coefficient than that calculated from the formula recommended by the FAO-56, with the relative error between them ranging from -6.7% to 5.4%. The mean estimated and the measured evapotranspiration of the lettuce in autumn were 1.310 mm/d and 1.283 mm/d, respectively. The determination coefficient, the mean absolute error, root mean square error and the index of the agreement between the measured and estimated evapotranspiration were 0.975, 0.176 mm/d, 0.222 mm/d and 0.955, respectively. 【Conclusion】 The modified single crop coefficient is more accurate than that calculated from the formula recommended by the FAO-56 for estimating the evapotranspiration of greenhouse lettuce.

Objective To analyze the reentry of single reagent reactive voluntary blood donors in our center, in order to provide data support and reference for the recall of single reagent reactive blood donors. Methods Collect the information of eligible blood donors from the information system of our center from January 2019 to September 2023 were collected, and the reentry were tracked and retrospectively analyzed. The demographic characteristics, active reentry rate, and re-donation rate of eligible blood donors were analyzed, and the differences between qualified reentry rates and factors affecting re-donation were compared using chi-square test. Results A total of 3 361 blood donors met the reentry criteria, with an active reentry rate of 2.7% (91/3 361) and a qualified reentry rate of 80.21% (73/91). The reentry rate of eligible blood donors showed significant differences in terms of different genders(3.3% vs 2.1%), educational background(3.7% vs 2.3%), blood donation frequency(9.3% vs 4.0% vs 1.3%), testing items(7.7% vs 2.7% vs 1.9% vs 1.3%) and blood donation types(18.1% vs 2.0%) (P

The denitrification efficiencies of two continuous flow mixed-culture denitrification reactors with Fe0 alone and carbon fiber reinforced Fe0 were compared by treating the synthetic wastewater containing NO3--N. The results showed that the average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen(TN) and NO3--N were as high as 89.04% and 97.13% for the experimental group R1 with carbon fiber and Fe0 injection at COD/NO3--N of 2.9-3.1 and hydraulic retention time(HRT) of 24 h, which were significantly higher than the control group R0 with Fe0 injection alone. The extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) and electron transfer activity(ETSA) variation patterns indicated that the input of carbon fiber further promoted the synthesis of EPS and enhanced the utilization of electrons by microorganisms. Scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry(SEM-EDS) and X-ray diffractometer(XRD) analyses revealed that there was obvious microbial corrosion on the surface of Fe0 in R1 reactor, and FeO(OH) and bioorganic-Fe complexes were the main corrosion products. Microbiological analysis showed that the increase of organic carbon source and the injection of carbon fiber effectively increased the abundance of iron autotrophic denitrifying bacteria genus and promoted the enrichment of denitrifying functional genes.

To investigate the quality characteristics of different varieties of plums, the quality such as appearance, physicochemical properties, and sugar and acid composition of 12 varieties were analyzed. At the same time, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were employed to evaluate the quality characteristics of 12 varieties comprehensively. The results showed that different varieties of plum exhibited rich diversity in appearance, physicochemical properties, sugar and acid composition. Sugar and acid composition, color, single fruit weight, fruit density, and fruit shape index were key indicators for evaluating the quality of plums. Among the 12 varieties, ZH, SXP, ALS, XL, XTL had a positive values, represent a good quality. Among them, the quality characteristics of ZH and SXP were high juice yield, soluble solids, total sugar content, and color quality. The quality characteristics of ALS included the highest total sugar, total sweetness, sweet acid ratio, and sugar acid ratio. The quality characteristics of XL and XTL were high soluble solid content, sugar acid ratio, and sweet acid ratio, but low juice yield. The results above served an important reference to screen plum varieties for different purposes.

The permeability coefficient of coal seams is a key parameter that judges the difficulty of gas flow in coal seams. In the current calculation formula for the permeability coefficient of coal seams, the coefficient of the nonlinear partial differential equation with variable pressure is assumed to be a constant, which leads to significant errors in the theoretical derivation results and results in significant deviations in the permeability coefficient measured on site. To solve the inaccurate determination problem of the coal seam permeability coefficient, this paper derived the process of using the radial flow rate method to test the coal seam permeability coefficient, and pointed out the problems of this method during the derivation process. Based on the Langmuir's gas content and Darcy's law, a dimensionless model was established, and the model solution results were inverted and fitted. A new calculation formula for the coal seam permeability coefficient was obtained, which was verified by on-site drilling data. The current testing method for coal seam permeability coefficient was revised, and an accurate and reliable new method for calculating the coal seam permeability coefficient was proposed. The results indicate that using a parabolic equation to represent the coal seam gas content and treating variable p1.5 as a constant to derive the coal seam permeability coefficient calculation formula is equivalent to fitting the gas content into a proportional relationship with the square of pressure. There are theoretical problems and significant errors in actual calculations. Using the Langmuir dimensionless model to calculate Y' for inversion fitting can solve the shortcomings of current calculation methods. When the product of the adsorption constant b and the original gas pressure p0 (the dimensionless original gas pressure) is different, the function curve of the dimensionless gas emission velocity Y' and the dimensionless time Fo' is significantly different. Therefore, the permeability coefficient calculation formula containing the dimensionless original gas pressure was obtained. When the coal seam and drilling conditions are constant, the values of the coal seam permeability coefficient λ calculated from the gas emission volume at different times have a good reproducibility. The new on-site measurement method for the permeability coefficient of coal seams is completely the same as the current method without adding additional workload. However, the new calculating method is more accurate and reliable.

Background Primary care physicians (PCPs), who play a crucial role in providing primary healthcare services, utilize clinical practice guidelines as valuable tools for guiding their practice. By investigating these physicians' awareness and usage of guidelines, we can offer innovative strategies for promoting guideline adherence and enhancing physicians' training. This, in turn, can ultimately improve the quality of primary healthcare. Objective To explore the level of awareness and the current status of reference use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) guidelines for diabetes among PCPs, and to identify the influencing factors. Methods From September 22 to October 29, 2021, an online questionnaire survey was conducted among physicians affiliated with the Specialist Committee for Primary Diabetes Care of China Association of Chinese Medicine, using the snowball sampling method to ensure a broader representation of physicians. The questionnaire consists of three parts: basic information, current status and needs of physicians in using TCM for diabetes prevention and treatment, and a survey on physicians' current awareness and needs regarding diabetes guidelines. Ordered multiclass Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of PCPs' awareness and usage of TCM guidelines for diabetes. Results A total of 382 questionnaires were collected from PCPs, 35.34% (135/382) of the physicians were very familiar or fairly familiar with TCM guidelines for diabetes, while 28.80% (110/382) of the physicians referred to these guidelines regularly for diabetes management. The results of the univariate analysis showed that, PCPs with differences in gender, specialty, department, number of diabetic patients treated per week, evaluation of TCM treatment efficacy, availability of TCM herbs and Chinese patent drugs in physicians' institutions, and physicians' awareness of guidelines, showed statistically significant differences in their reference status of TCM guidelines for diabetes (P

Objective To investigate the morphological changes of pelvic diaphragm hiatus after vaginal delivery in primipara by perineal 3D ultrasound and its value in predicting pelvic organ prolapse. Methods A total of 112 primipara who were admitted to our hospital and had vaginal delivery from October 2016 to February 2020 were enrolled as study group, and 84 healthy women without pregnancy and history of childbirth who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period of time were enrolled as control group. The two groups were compared in terms of the proportion of patients with pelvic organ prolapse, parameters of pelvic diaphragm hiatus (anteroposterior diameter, left-right diameter, and area of pelvic diaphragm hiatus), thickness of levator ani muscle, and Young’s modulus after one year follow-up. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the efficacy of various parameters in predicting pelvic organ prolapse. Results There were significant differences in each parameter of pelvic diaphragm hiatus, the thickness of levator ani muscle, and Young’s modulus of the left and right sides under the resting state, the anal contraction state, and the Valsalva state between the study group and the control group and between the prolapse subgroup and the non-prolapse subgroup (t=4.645-37.691,P

Objective: To investigate the effect and mechanism of astaxanthin on retinal damage in diabetes mice. Methods: The mice were randomly divided into four groups: Normal group, model group, low-dose astaxanthin group and high-dose astaxanthin group. Retinal injury model of diabetes mice induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) combined with high-fat diet. The fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance were measured by blood glucose meter. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Fe2+, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in mouse retina were measured by spectrophotometry. The expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1), and ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) in mouse retina were determined by immunoblotting. Observating the pathological changes of mice retina in each group using HE staining method. Results: The astaxanthin could reduce the level of fasting blood glucose in diabetic mice (P

Objective: To systematic study for different chemical components of swim bladder and donkey skin, and their improvement effects on cyclophosphamide-induced anemia mice. Methods: The chemical characterizations, including total protein content, amino acid composition and molecular weight were measured, respectively. Pepsin-soluble collagens were extracted from swim bladder and donkey skin by hydrochloric acid-pepsin method, and analyzed the content, composition and structure. The anemia model was established by intraperitoneal injected with cyclophosphamide at a dosage of 80 mg/kg. The coefficient of visceral organs and the hematological indexes were observed in mice with swim bladder glue (1.52 g/(kg·d)) or donkey skin glue (1.39 g/(kg·d)) by gavage administration per day. Results: The total protein contents of swim bladder and donkey skin reached more than 97%. The molecular weights of swim bladder glue and donkey skin glue ranged from 50 Da to 328 kDa. Swim bladder collagen and donkey skin collagen were both type Ⅰ collagen. While the content of collagen in swim bladder was 6.51 times than that in donkey skin. However the collagen triple helix structures were different. The swim bladder collagen had an α-helix structure, and the donkey skin collagen structure was mainly anti-parallel. After 28 days of administration, both swim bladder glue and donkey skin glue could promote the recovery of hematopoietic function in cyclophosphamide-induced anemia mice, and swim bladder glue exhibited a better effect. Compared with the model, the erythrocyte, hemoglobin, platelet, reticulocyte, spleen and thymus coefficients of the swim bladder glue were significantly improved (P

The construction of dams impedes energy exchange and material circulation in rivers, and the operation of hydropower stations negatively impacts the function of river ecosystems. Countries across the globe have implemented various fish protection countermeasures and conducted many associated hydraulic and ecological studies to mitigate the impact of hydropower development on fish survival, maintain the abundance and diversity of fish populations, and restore riverine and lacustrine fish migration routes and habitats. Remarkably, wild fish generally migrate in groups, whereas most contemporary studies on fish passage facilities focus on individual fish. Hence, the behavioral characteristics of fish schools are worth investigating. Given that schooling behavior is a pervasive feature of fish communities and plays an essential role in dealing with potential risks, improving self-adaptation, expanding resilience, and enhancing population sustainability, this study concentrated on investigating its effect on upstream fish migration and decoding the internal mechanism. We conducted an experiment targeting grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), two economically important freshwater fish species in China, on a non-uniform flow ground with low turbulence. The experiment quantified the impact of fish schooling on their ability to overcome flow barriers by examining the ascending sustainability and swimming performance of five-fish groups and one-fish groups at three flow velocity levels (0.25–0.50 m/s, 0.30–0.60 m/s, and 0.35–0.70 m/s) utilizing a novel index system. The new index system employed nondimensionalized ascending sustainability, first-attempt endurance, and first-attempt ascending energy consumption to indicate the fish's persistent ascending ability, ascending efficiency, and ascending energy cost, respectively. Finally, the ascending trajectory of fish was investigated simultaneously to determine the distribution of trajectory and the distribution of the hydrodynamic force factor at the trajectory points. It could be concluded that (1) the influence of schooling behavior on ascending fish behavior was related to the ascending sustainability of individual fish. Schooling behavior significantly increased the ascending sustainability while producing no specific impact on the ascending efficiency at low-level individual ascending sustainability. Inversely, schooling behavior significantly decreased the ascending efficiency while having no particular effect on high-level individual ascending sustainability. Moreover, the contribution of schooling behavior to the ascending sustainability of grass carp varied with the flow velocity, as the ascending sustainability of the five-fish groups was significantly higher (P = 0.030) and lower (P = 0.048) than the one-fish group at the velocity levels of 0.30–0.60 m/s and 0.35–0.70 m/s, respectively. In contrast, schooling behavior holistically improved the upward swimming of silver carp, significantly increasing the ascending sustainability of the five-fish groups at velocity levels of 0.30–0.60 m/s (P = 0.004) and 0.35–0.70 m/s (P < 0.001). (2) The endurance of the first attempt in the juvenile grass carp group was significantly higher than that of the single fish at the velocity levels of 0.25–0.50 m/s (P < 0.001) and 0.35–0.70 m/s (P = 0.005), while the endurance of the first attempt in the juvenile silver carp group was significantly higher than that of the single fish at the velocity levels of 0.25–0.50 m/s (P < 0.001) and 0.30–0.60 m/s (P = 0.005). The endurance of the first attempt in juvenile silver carp decreased significantly in schools (P < 0.001) solely at the velocity level of 0.35–0.70 m/s. In addition, the flow velocity generally increased the first-attempt endurance and cumulative energy consumption of individual and grouped fish. However, since the burst-coast swimming mode forced on juvenile silver carp in high-velocity conditions significantly improved ascending efficiency, the endurance of the first attempt initially increased and then decreased with the flow velocity. (3) Schooling behavior enabled grass carp to swim with less energy and significantly lowered their energy cost at the velocity level of 0.25–0.50 m/s (P < 0.001), whereas it augmented the accumulated energy consumption of five-fish groups in silver carp and significantly increased their energy cost at the velocity level of 0.25–0.50 m/s (P = 0.050). (4) Collectively, juvenile silver carp could find an ideal ascending trajectory more rapidly than juvenile grass carp. The ascending trajectory of grass carp tended to concentrate at first and then disperse with increasing velocity, whereas the trajectory of silver carp tended to concentrate with increasing velocity. In brief, schooling is an unsubstituted behavior in the upstream migration of fish migrants, motivating and inhibiting the fish's upstream movement performance with its primary effect on locomotion in terms of energy consumption, visual response, and the ability to overcome flow barriers. The findings could improve the design of fish protection measures and provide specific recommendations for the operation of fish passage facilities. For example, when silver carp migrate through a fishway, the additional light source can adequately promote schooling behavior and improve their capacity to overcome flow barriers. When grass carp migrate through a fish passage, the additional light source in the rest pond of the fishway can effectively promote schooling behavior, thereby preventing the return of fish owing to a lack of ascending sustainability. Considering that the hydrodynamic environment of natural waters and the size of fish groups are highly complex and variable, the schooling behavior characteristics of fish groups in different water flow environments should be investigated in future research to enrich the database for the planning and implementation of fish protection engineering measures.

Purposes With the continuous promotion of the dual carbon goal, new energy has ushered in explosive development, and the capacity and space for new energy consumption have become a concern for all sectors of society. In the research on existing new energy consumption capacity and space, the consumption measures are relatively single and focus more on theoretical research, which is not applicable, propose specific methods and processes. Methods In this article the time series production simulation method was adopted to build a new energy consumption capacity and consumption space method and process for large-scale new energy grid connection on the Panoramic Power System Operation Simulation Analysis Platform. Findings The new energy consumption capacity of Shanxi Province during the 14th and 15th Five Year Plans was estimated. On the basis. Based on this, comprehensive consumption measures were taken to increase its new energy utilization rate to over 95%, improving the new energy consumption capacity. On the basis of a new energy utilization rate of 95%, the new energy consumption space under various scenarios was calculated for different proportion of newly added wind and solar power, different production timing, different new energy utilization rates, and different years, guiding the new energy planning of Shanxi Province and assisting in the implementation of the dual carbon target.

The sensory quality of food is the most important factor that affect consumers' willingness to purchase food. With the development of technology and economy, the methods and techniques of evaluating sensory quality are constantly updated and and improved. The main methods include artificial sensory evaluation based on personnel tasting, electronic bionic sensory evaluation technology based on instrument analysis and facial expression analysis technology based on human factors engineering, all of them have been well applied in the field of food sensory evaluation. In this paper, the existing literature is systematically sorted out, and the application status of artificial sensory evaluation technology, electronic tongue technology and facial expression analysis technology in the field of food science is elaborated in detail. It is concluded that although the electronic tongue and facial expression technology can make up for the shortcomings of artificial sensory evaluation, the two technologies also have some shortcomings. In the future, the research trend of food sensory evaluation will not be limited to relying on a single technology, but will integrate the application of multiple technical means and the formation of test data model, realizing the rapid, intelligent and accurate systematic evaluation of food sensory quality and flavor attribute.

This study investigated the absorption characteristics of

Objective To analyze the blood dispatching of hospitals in Shijiazhuang area, in order to provide reference for blood dispatching policy of hospitals and ensure clinical blood supply. Methods The hospital blood dispatching data from 2018 to 2021 were queried through the blood center information management system (SHINOW9.5) and TMIS system, and the blood dispatching volume, frequency, variety and blood type distribution of hospitals at all levels were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results From 2018 to 2021, there were 1 196 times of blood dispatching in hospitals with a total volume of 4 648.5 U, showing a downward and then upward trend two years before and after the outbreak of COVID-19. As the main blood dispatching product, erythrocyte dispatching was 3 988 U, accounting for 85.79% of the total dispatching volume, with a dispatching rate of 2.99‰. The dispatching volume of red blood cells in secondary hospitals accounted for 86.13%.The dispatching rate of erythrocyte in secondary and tertiary hospitals was 1.03% and 0.06%, respectively, with significant difference(P

Due to its multi-energy coordinated operation and absorption of clean energy for power generation, the micro-energy network has the broad application value in the context of 'double carbon' goal and new power system. However, with the increasing scale of wind power and photovoltaic power access, the uncertainty of wind power and photovoltaic power output would inevitably affect the stability of the operation of the micro-energy network. Therefore, the uncertainty and correlation of wind power and photovoltaic power generation output are fully considered in this paper, and a two-layer optimal allocation method of micro-energy network considering market planning is proposed. Firstly, based on Wasserstein distance index, the probability distribution is optimally discretized, and a joint distribution function is established using Frank-Copula function to generate a typical daily output curve. Then, considering the planned economy of electricity market and natural gas market, a two-layer optimal configuration model of micro-energy network is established to realize the close coupling between equipment configuration and system operation. Finally, based on the measured data of a micro-energy network in a certain area, a typical wind and solar output curve is generated for optimization calculation. The results show that the two-layer optimal configuration method can reduce the annual cost of the micro-energy network and increase the inclusiveness of the wind and solar limit information, thus improving the economy and stability of the system operation.

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the chemical constituents of Potentilla kleiniana and their anti-inflammatory activities. The 60% ethanol extract of P. kleiniana were isolated by D-101 macroporous adsorptive resins, silica gel, Toyopearl HW-40F and other methods, and their chemical structures were elucidated on the spectral data of NMR and HR-ESI-MS analysis. Meanwhile, the anti-inflammatory activities of compounds were evaluated by mouse macrophage (RAW 264.7) inflammatory model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro. The results were as follows: (1) Fifteen compounds were isolated and identified from P. kleiniana as 2-(heptadecanoyloxy)propane-1,3-diyl distearate (1), 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10,15-octadecadienoic acid (2), methyl-9,12,13-trihydroxy-10,15-octadecadienoic acid (3), 2,2′-oxybis(1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene) (4), emodin (5), chrysophanol (6), (6R,9R)-3-oxo-α-ionol-9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), neo-andrographolide (8), methyl-α-D-fructofuranosides (9), 1-O-β-D-fructofuranosyl-α-D-allopyranos (10), p-coumaric acid (11), cesternosides A (12), koaburaside (13), orientin (14), isoorientin (15). Compounds 1-15 were obtained from Potentilla genus for the first time. (2) The anti-inflammatory test results showed that compounds 1-3, 8, and 11-15 had moderate inhibitory activities on NO production, and the inhibition rate of compound 8 was 72.5% at the concentrations of 25 μmol·L-1. In conclusion, the study enriches the phytochemical information of P. kleiniana, and clarifies that fatty acid derivatives, phenolic components and diterpenoids are anti-inflammatory active components, which provides a theoretical basis for further exploitation of P. kleiniana.

Malatya cheeses with different cow to goat milk ratios (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 0:1) were prepared to investigate the effect of blend ratio between cow and goat milk on the yield, physicochemical properties, texture, color, melting temperature, sensory quality, protein hydrolysis and antioxidant properties of traditional Malatya cheese during the ripening process. The results showed that increasing the proportion of cow milk resulted in lower protein content, hardness, chewiness, brightness and whiteness values, and higher moisture content of Malatya cheese. As the ripening time increased, the degree of proteolysis gradually increased, and the antioxidant activity of cheese gradually increased until the 60th day, and then decreased. There was no significant difference in cheese yield between the 50% cow milk addition and the pure goat milk groups (P > 0.05), while the former had the highest sensory evaluation score. Malatya cheese prepared from 50% cow milk and 50% goat milk showed no significant difference in the degree of proteolysis compared with pure goat milk cheese, and in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity, superoxide anion radical scavenging capacity, reducing power, or total antioxidant capacity compared with traditional Malatya cheese (P > 0.05). From these results, it was found that the optimal addition level of cow milk in Malatya cheese was 50%, which imparted good quality and antioxidant properties to Malatya cheese.

In order to achieve sustainable extraction and enhance the properties of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis, a green and efficient approach was developed by utilizing Tween-20 under ultrasonic conditions. This approach allowed for the efficient release of astaxanthin while simultaneously preparing water-dispersible astaxanthin emulsions. The factors influencing the process, the formation mechanism of the water-dispersible astaxanthin emulsion, and the composition and performance characterization of the obtained product were investigated. Exploration of the process revealed that Tween-20 dosage, ultrasonic power, and solid-to-liquid ratio significantly influenced the release and dispersion efficiency of astaxanthin, with 98.41% astaxanthin being released and dispersed when Tween-20 dosage, ultrasonic power, and solid-to-liquid ratio were 200 μL, 600 W, and 1:20 g/mL, respectively. The mechanism exploration results demonstrated that ultrasound had a dual effect of disrupting the cells of H. pluvialis to a limited extent and assisting Tween-20 to disperse astaxanthin, which was superior to high-pressure homogenization. The characterization results showed that the water-dispersible astaxanthin emulsion obtained under these conditions had an average particle size of 115.55 nm, a Zeta potential of −23.35 mV, and an encapsulated astaxanthin content of up to 43.82% in the dry product. Astaxanthin was found to be encapsulated in an amorphous non-crystalline state, with selective encapsulation of saturated fatty acids. The amount of saturated fatty acids was up to 17.93% (wt.%). Overall, this one-step, ultrasonic approach to preparing water-dispersible astaxanthin emulsions from H. pluvialis using Tween-20 is easy to operate, highly efficient, green and feasible, with some of the product properties being superior to those of pure astaxanthin encapsulated products.

Aiming at the problem of the application of the integrated photonic filter in the 3～5 μm atmospheric window banda mid-infrared add-drop filter based on the apodized grating-assisted contra-directional coupler (contra-DC) is studied and designed. The complementary lateral-misalignment method is used for phase modulation to achieve spectral sidelobe suppression and eliminate spectral distortion and broadening caused by the conventional lateral-misalignment modulation method. Simulation results show that the device can achieve a high Sidelobe Suppression Ratio (SLSR) of 22 dB, bandpass filter spectrum is flat at the top and the filtering spectrum is close to the box shape. The device has low insertion loss of about 0.4 dB through port and 0.45 dB drop port.

In order to explore the anisotropic permeability of raw coal under low stress, taking the coal samples of Zhangcun Coal Mine, Tingnan Coal Mine and Xinjing Coal Mine as the research objects, using the improved triaxial seepage test device, the permeability tests under constant confining pressure and variable pore pressure along the direction of coal sample face cleat, butt cleat and vertical bedding were carried out. The results show that under the same confining pressure and axial pressure, the flow through the coal sample increases with the increase of osmotic pressure difference. Under the same osmotic pressure difference, the flow is closely related to the direction of seepage. The permeability in the face cleat direction is slightly larger than that in the butt cleat direction and much larger than that in the vertical bedding direction under the same average pore pressure. There is little difference in permeability between face cleat and butt cleat under low stress. It is not accident that the permeability in parallel bedding plane is similar, and the permeability of coal has the characteristics of transverse isotropy. The increase of coal stress is the main reason for the difference of permeability between butt cleat and face cleat.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of trimethylamine N-Oxide （TMAO） and serum amyloid A （SAA） levels in peripheral blood of patients with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion （CCH）. MethodsThe patients attending the Department of Neurology of Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital from February 2022 to June 2022 were divided into CCH group （n=55） and control group （n=42） based on the results of magnetic resonance arterial spin labeling （ASL）. The levels of TMAO and SAA were detected by ELISA and their diagnostic value for CCH were anaylzed by ROC curve. ResultsThe levels of TMAO （47.24±8.84 vs 40.81±8.33, t=3.639, P＜0.05） and SAA （14.04±2.70 vs 12.20±2.30, t=3.542, P＜0.05） in CCH group were significantly higher than those in control group. High levels of TMAO and SAA and history of primary hypertension were independent risk factors for the occurrence of CCH （P＜0.05）. The areas under ROC curve （AUC） of TMAO and SAA for diagnosing CCH were 0.701 （95%CI: 0.594-0.809） respectively and 0.675 （95%CI: 0.565-0.786）. The combined detection of TMAO and SAA achieved the highest AUC of 0.765 （95%CI: 0.667-0.863）. ConclusionBoth TMAO and SAA are related to the occurrence of CCH and can be used as auxiliary diagnostic indicators for CCH.

Seagrass beds are a typical coastal ecosystem. To understand the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the plankton community structure in a Zostera marina seagrass bed and an adjacent area of bare sand in Swan Lake, Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, an investigation of plankton diversity and abundance, ecological characteristics of the seagrass bed, and key environmental factors in the Z. marina seagrass bed and its adjacent bare sand area was conducted in February, May, August, and November in 2019. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) were used to explore the influence of environmental factors on the diversity of plankton species. The results showed that there were 38 species of phytoplankton, belonging to 25 genera and three phyla, among which diatom species were the most abundant (89.4%), followed by dinoflagellates (7.8%). A total of 18 species of zooplankton and three species of larvae were identified (mainly crustaceans: 71.4%), and the number of plankton species was the highest in November. The annual average abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the seagrass bed was 5.4×104 cells/m3 and 1.6×104 ind./m3, respectively, which were 1.4 times and 1.5 times higher than those in the bare sand area. The CCA and RDA analyses showed that the dominant plankton species in the seagrass bed were significantly correlated with water temperature, plant density, and biomass of seagrass beds, while the dominant plankton species in the bare sand area were mainly correlated with environmental factors such as water temperature, pH value, and ammonia nitrogen content. The results showed that the seagrass bed in Swan Lake supported a higher abundance and diversity of plankton compared with the bare sand area. This study provides baseline data for further elucidating the structure and function of the seagrass bed ecosystem.

Background and purpose: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is abnormally expressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients, and closely related to tumor occurrence, development and chemotherapy resistance. In this study, we mainly investigated the biological function of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 and verified its effect on the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Three pairs of lung adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were analyzed based on expression profiling Affymetrix® GeneChip Human Transcriptome Array 2.0 (HTA2.0), and we focused on lncRNA PKD2-2-3 that showed most significant difference between lung adenocarcinoma issues and adjacent tissues. Besides, we found the upregulated expression of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and suggested the relation of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 expression with prognosis by using GSE19188 and GSE30219 data in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) was used to detect the expression of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 in cell lines including HBE, A549 and PC9. After using siRNAs to decrease the expression of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 in A549 and PC9, we detected cell proliferation and colony formation by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and colony formation assay. Effects of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 on migration and invasion in lung adenocarcinoma cells were detected by wound-healing assay and transwell assay, respectively. Moreover, we detected expression levels of E-cadherin and N-cadherin that were epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related genes by Western blot. The effect of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 on the formation and growth of lung adenocarcinoma in vivo was verified by subcutaneous transplantation tumor model. Results: LncRNA PKD2-2-3 was highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma tissue, and was positively associated with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Compared with human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE), lncRNA PKD2-2-3 was overexpressed in A549 and PC9. The proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells were significantly inhibited when decreasing the expression level of lncRNA PKD2-2-3. Western blot also showed that the expression level of E-cadherin was increased, while the level of N-cadherin was decreased after lncRNA PKD2-2-3 knockdown. Subcutaneous tumor transplantation experiments showed that lncRNA PKD2-2-3 knockdown inhibited the growth of lung adenocarcinoma in vivo. Conclusion: LncRNA PKD2-2-3 expression was upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and it was associated with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Overexpression of lncRNA PKD2-2-3 promoted the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells. LncRNA PKD2-2-3 level was closely related to EMT process in lung adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo.

Low activation ferritic martensitic steel is considered as one of the candidate structural materials for the fourth generation reactor and fusion reactor. Low activation ferritic martensitic steel is based on Fe-Cr alloy, in which W is an important solute element. Irradiation embrittlement at low temperature is one of the important problems limiting the service of low-activation ferrite martensitic steels. The precipitated clusters during the service process cause hardening and embrittlement of the material due to the obstruction of dislocation movement by the precipitated clusters. An in-depth understanding of cluster precipitation behavior during service is helpful to understand the irradiation embrittlement of low-activation ferrite martensitic steels at low temperature. In order to simulate the precipitation kinetics of Fe-Cr alloy, by introducing composition-dependent pair potential, some improvements were made on the MIET_AKMC software developed by ourselves. The precipitation kinetics of coherent Cr-rich precipitates/clusters in Fe-Cr(8%, 10%, 16%, 20%)-W(0%, 1%, 2%) alloys during thermal ageing was simulated using the atomic kinetic Monte Carlo (AKMC) method. After thermal ageing, Cr precipitate into clusters to form Cr-rich precipitates/clusters, while W is still in a solid solution state. At the beginning of coarsening process, the radius of clusters, which was about (0.57±0.03) nm, was independent on simulation temperature and the initial Cr content in the box. The precipitation process of Cr cluster can be divided into three stages: nucleation, growth and coarsening. The Cr concentration in box and simulation temperature have an influence on the precipitation rate of Cr clusters. The presence of W can delay the precipitation kinetic process and the effect is most significant when Cr content is about 10%. This is due to that when Cr content is about 10%, the absolute value of the short-range order parameter for Fe-Cr has a maximum, quite independent of the composition and the temperature. The delay effect of W was related with the stronger binding energy between W and vacancy. For the binding energy between Cr and vacancy is 0.06 eV, while the binding energy between W and vacancy is 0.14 eV. From the simulation results, it can be deduced that W is benefit for materials performance, expect for solution strengthening, it can delay the precipitation process of Cr-rich clusters, which is harmful for materials performance.

Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene/polyether (HT-PB/PE), serving as binders and fuel for rocket propellants, has been widely studied and applied. To meet the developing demand of industrialization, the modification of HT-PB/PE based on their structural and functional characteristics has become one of the hot topics. In this study, the modified HTPB and the modified HTPE were prepared by modification of end groups and main chains. After the preparation, the characteristic functional groups of the binders were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine the effective end-group modification. Nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H-NMR) was used to characterize the main chain on modified binders through the variation of chemical environment of hydrogen. The analysis of the pyrolysis properties of the modified binders was performed by thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results effectively reflected the initial and maximum decomposition temperatures, as well as the pyrolysis stage of the above binders. The above characterization results confirmed the effective synthesis of modified binders and their good thermal properties. However, the present reports lacked the studies on the pyrolysis mechanism of these modified binders. To further investigate the effect of end group and main chain modification on the pyrolysis properties of binders, the pyrolysis of modified binders was conducted in a U-shaped fixed-bed reactor, which was connected to photoionization mass spectrometry (SPI-MS). SPI-MS was used to monitor the dynamic evolution of the pyrolysis product as a function of temperature in real-time. The mechanism of the pyrolysis process of the modified binders was studied based on the above tests. The results showed that the end-groups and main-chain modified binders of HTPB exhibited different thermal stabilities. The influence of main chain modification on the pyrolysis behavior was greater than that of end group modification. The pyrolysis mechanism of modified binders followed random bond breaking of C—C and C—O bonds and the increasing varieties of products. The esters and acids were found in the pyrolysis products of the end-group modified binders. The epoxides and alcohols were found in the pyrolysis products of the main-chain modified binder, showing the more pathways during their pyrolysis process.

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEEA) in the resection of suprasellar invasive pituitary adenoma. Methods and Results A total of 68 patients with suprasellar invasive pituitary adenoma admitted to The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from June 2019 to June 2022 were treated with EEEA for tumor resection, of whom 73.53% (50/68) achieved gross total resection (GTR), 17.65% (12/68) achieved subtotal resection, and 8.82% (6/68) achieved partial resection. The GTR rate of giant adenoma was 37.40% (10/27). The average follow⁃up was (12 ± 6) months, 75.81% (47/62) improved visual acuity, 19.35% (12/62) had no change after surgery, 4.84% (3/62) deteriorated visual acuity. The improvement rate of visual field defect was 74.14% (43/58), no change was 15.52% (9/58), and symptom aggravation was 10.34% (6/58). The symptoms of diplopia disappeared completely in the patients with oculomotor nerve palsy at the last follow ⁃ up (3 cases). Postoperative complications included cerebrospinal fluid leakage [1.47% (1/68)], central diabetes insipidus [16.18% (1/68)], intraoperative hematoma [4.41% (3/68)], delayed nasal hemorrhage [4.41% (3/68)] and intracranial infection [7.35% (5/68)], with no death. Conclusions EEEA for large or giant pituitary adenomas invading the anterior skull base, suprasellar region and the third ventricle has a high GTR rate, less trauma and fewer complications, and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To explore the related factors of perioperative diarrhea in cadaveric renal transplant recipients. Methods A case-control trial was conducted on 545 recipients receiving cadaveric renal transplantation in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from July 2017 to December 2021. Their clinical data during perioperative period were collected, and then all recipients were divided into the diarrhea group (n=207) and non-diarrhea group (n=338). Their age, gender, body mass index (BMI), duration of operation, dialysis types, type 2 diabetes or not, immune induction regimen, mycophenolic acid (MPA) types, infection prevention regimen, preoperative enema, and occurrence of delayed graft function (DGF) were observed and recorded. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors related to the perioperative diarrhea in these recipients. Results The incidence of perioperative diarrhea was 37.98% (207/545). The occurrence time of diarrhea was in 5.90±6.94 d after transplantation, and 71.98% (149/207) of diarrheal patients occurred within 3 d. Univariate analysis showed that significant differences were observed in age, gender, BMI, type 2 diabetes, immune induction regimen, antibiotic prevention regimen, preoperative enema, and post-operative DGF occurrence between the diarrhea and non-diarrhea groups. Multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis indicated that overweight(OR=1.074, 95%CI: 1.011~1.141), male (OR=1.596, 95%CI: 1.032~2.470), post-operative DGF (OR=3.001, 95%CI: 1.712~5.260) and use of piperacillin after transplantation (OR=3.119, 95%CI: 1.918~5.074) were independent risk factors for perioperative diarrhea in cadaveric kidney transplant recipients. Conclusion Overweight, male, DGF and piperacillin use after transplantation may be the risk factors of perioperative diarrhea in cadaveric transplant recipients.

Objective: To explore the changes of the total flavonoids, free amino acids and quercetin extraction amount with the brewing time and temperature during the brewing process of Penthorum chinense Pursh （PCP） leaf tea and fit the extraction kinetics equation of the three and calculate the kinetics parameters. Methods: The total flavonoids, free amino acids and quercetin were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The second-order kinetic model and Arrhenius formula were used to fit the kinetics and calculate the kinetic parameters. Results: The leaching amount of total flavonoids and quercetin increased with the increase of the temperature and the brewing time in the range of 60~100 ℃ for 60 min. When brewing for 60 min at 60~90 ℃, the free amino acids had the same leaching law. When the temperature rised to 100 ℃, the heat loss of free amino acids was large after brewing for 20 min. The second-order kinetic model could fit the leaching amount of the three substances well with the high correlation coefficient. Linear relationship between temperature and second-order rate constant k was good. The activation energies of total flavonoids, free amino acids and quercetin were 16 628.201, 23 415.139 and 14 975.396 J/mol. Conclusion: The extraction amount of total flavonoids, free amino acids and quercetin in PCP leaf tea changed significantly with the brewing time and temperature, and the extraction amount of the three was in line with the second-order kinetic model in the range of 60~90 ℃, which can be used to predict the extraction amount.

In order to describe the permeability evolution law in the coupling process of anisotropic coal seam and gas, based on the assumption that the coal structure is orthogonal anisotropic, the orthogonal anisotropic permeability model was established by using the superposition relationship of coal deformation under the adsorption effect, and the gas solid coupling model considering the orthogonal anisotropic characteristics of coal was further deduced. The model was used to analyze the law of permeability under different adsorption pressures of Ⅱ1 coal seam in Jiulishan Mine and the influence of borehole dip angle of 4# coal seam in Tingnan Mine on pumping effect. The results show that under the same confining pressure, the permeability of face cleat, butt cleat and vertical bedding decreases gradually with the increase of gas pressure, which is consistent with the experimental results. The average relative errors of permeability simulation results and test results in the directions of surface cleat, butt cleat and vertical bedding are 2.55 %, 14.19 % and 4.26 %, respectively. The gas drainage volume increases with the increase of borehole dip angle. In the design of borehole drainage, increasing the angle between borehole and coal seam bedding plane can improve the gas drainage volume.

BackgroundInsomnia disorder has become a common disease in the current society. Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia （CBTI） is one of the non-drug treatment methods for insomnia disorder， but relevant studies of its effect on sleep quality and cognitive function of patients with insomnia disorder are limited.ObjectiveTo explore the effects of CBTI on sleep quality and cognitive function in patients with insomnia disorder， so as to provide references for non-drug treatment of insomnia disorder.MethodsA total of 47 patients with insomnia disorder were recruited as the study subjects. They all met the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） and have visited Sichuan Mental Health Center from January 2021 to October 2022. The patients underwent CBTI for 6 weeks. Before the treatment， depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item （HAMD-24） and Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）. Sleep status and cognitive function were assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） and Montreal Cognitive Assessment （MoCA） before and 6 weeks after the treatment. Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between the reduction of PSQI score and the increase of MoCA score after treatment.ResultsAfter the 6-week treatment， the factor scores and total score of PSQI across 6 subscales （the sleep quality， sleep onset time， sleep time， sleep efficiency， sleep disorder and daytime dysfunction） were lower than those before the treatment， and the score differences were of statistical significance （t=5.569~15.290， P

Based on the strain data of three in-situ stress monitoring stations in different sections of the 1605 Qiongshan 7½ earthquake area, we studied the dynamic variations of in-situ stress and extracted the sudden stress changes recorded by them. We analyzed the in-situ stress variations and tectonic activity between March 2016 and May 2018 to discuss the geomorphological evolution trends and subsidence mechanisms at the Dongzhai Port. The results show that the study area was generally subjected to the NW-compressive stress field, which makes the tensile stress field dominate in the Yanfeng and Dazhipo areas in the hanging wall of the Maniao-Puqian fault（MPF） and the Puqian-qinglan fault（PQF), while the Jinshan area in the footwall of the faults by compressive stress. The MPF fault and the PQF fault have been constantly engaged in non-seismic activities to adjust the local stress field under the regional stress field, among which the MPF Fault had several activities in March–July 2016, October 2017, and April 2018, and the PQF fault had two activities in October 2017. The energy of the MPF activities is more intensive than that of the PQF. The variation trend of the stress field indicates a gradual upward trend in the east bounded by the MPF fault (F13-1) and possible continued subsidence in Dongzhaigang in the west. The fault activity trend implies that the subsidence rate in Yanfeng, the northern part of Dongzhaigang, bounded by the MPF fault (F2-2), should be greater than that in the southern Sanjiang area. In addition, the volume strain monitoring data also reveals traces of magmatic activity in the lower part of the N–S seismic zone of Hainan Island. The comprehensive study concluded that the Dongzhaigang subsidence is mainly controlled by the positive fault activity of the MPF and PQF faults due to the upwelling of deep magma and influenced by the Holocene sea level change and the properties of soft soil depositional strata leading to soft soil flow slip, sand liquefaction, and seawater erosion. We innovatively apply the borehole strain observation technology to explore the evolution law and trend of typical earthquake subsidence landforms in coastal zones, which has essential academic value in the fields of in-situ stress monitoring and tectonic geomorphology research, and the results also have significant application value for mangrove protection and urban planning and construction in Dongzhaigang area.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of focused low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (FLIPUS) to inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis through mechanical effects. Methods Primary chondrocytes were isolated from the knee of suckling C57BL/6J mice with trypsin combined with type Ⅱ collagenase and then cultured with IL-1β stimulation to mimic a cellular model of osteoarthritis-like chondrocyte injury. The model was validated and related protein expression changes were detected after different treatment times. The cells were divided into Control group, IL-1β group and IL-1β+FLIPUS group. The apoptotic rate of chondrocytes was detected by flow cytometry, structural distribution of Vimentin was observed with immunofluorescence assay, and expression of Col2α1, MMP13, Bcl-2, Vimentin and p-Tyr397 was measured with Western blotting. Results Primary mouse chondrocytes were isolated and cultured, and simulated to be a cellular model of osteoarthritis-like chondrocyte injury. With elapse of IL-1β treatment time, the protein levels of Col2α1, Vimentin, p-Tyr397, Bcl-2 and p-AKT were decreased (P < 0.05), and those of MMP13, Bax and cleaved-Caspase3 were increased (P < 0.05) compared to the levels in the Control group. FLIPUS led to reduced apoptosis (P < 0.001), decreased MMP13 expression (P < 0.05) and enhanced levels of Col2α1 (P < 0.01), and Bcl-2 and Vimentin and p-Tyr397 (P < 0.05) when compared with the IL-1β group. Vimentin distribution was remodeled, with increased fluorescence intensity. Conclusion FLIPUS up-regulates Vimentin expression, promotes phosphorylation at the Tyr397 locus of FAK, and inhibits apoptosis in chondrocyte.

For the problem of inhomogeneity of the output optical power of multiple output ports, the paper designs a 1×4 Multimode Interference (MMI) coupler based on Silicon-On-Insulator (SOI) and proposes a new method to optimize its homogeneity. A tapered waveguide is used at the input/output of the coupler. To improve the uniformity of the MMI coupler, an unequal-width design is used for the tapered waveguide at the output. After optimization, the uniformity of the four output ports is as high as 0.007 4 dB, while the total insertion loss is only 0.058 dB. According to this method, the transmission constant of the output, avoid crosstalk between waveguides, and achieve an improvement in the uniformity of the output port of the MMI coupler.

In order to explore the anti-aging effect and mechanism of recombinant recombinant human-derived collagen (RHC), the aging mouse model was constructed through 300 mg/kg D-galactose intraperitoneal injection, and different doses of RHC were used to study the changes of hyaluronic acid, collagen, lipofuscin, hydroxyproline content, antioxidant enzyme activity, key genes and protein expression related to epidermal cell proliferation and differentiation and collagen synthesis. The results showed that compared with the aging model group (SLM), the intervention groups that was gavaged RHC had significantly less skin folds, higher collagen content (P

Local search algorithm in ordering space is a good method which can effectively improve the efficiency of bayesian network structure learning. However, the existing algorithms usually have problems such as insufficient order optimization, low learning accuracy, and easy stop at a local optimal. In order to solve these problems, the local search algorithm in ordering space is studied, and a new method to improve the accuracy of bayesian network structure learning by optimizing order search operator is proposed. Combining the iterative local search algorithm with the window operator to search the neighborhood of a given order in the ordering space, the probability of the algorithm falling into the local optimal value is reduced, and the network structure with higher quality is obtained. Experimental results show that comparing with the bayesian network structure learning algorithm in network structure space, the learning efficiency of the present algorithm is improved by 54.12%. Comparing with the bayesian network structure learning algorithm in ordering space, the learning accuracy of the present algorithm is improved by 2.33%.

Aimed at the phenomenon of variable overburden spatial structures and complex disaster factors in multi-face mining in a geological anomaly area of a mine, taking the actual geological occurrence conditions and mining technology conditions as the engineering background, this paper studied the changes rule of overburden spatial migration structures and the distribution characteristics of abutment pressure in the geological anomaly area by theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Taking single-layer bending thin plate as an example, mechanical models of plates at different mining stages were established, and the characteristics of bending energy release of plates at different mining stages were revealed. Based on the structural regulation theory, the prevention measures of rock burst at the beginning and end of mining were proposed to reduce the collapse span of thick and hard rock strata. The main conclusions were as follows: ①With the successive mining of multiple faces working, the overburden spatial structure evolution of “一” → “S”→ short “Ω”→ irregular “Ω”→ long “Ω” →“O”→shaped overburden spatial structures has been experienced in the area of geological anomalies successively, enriching the types of overburden spatial structure; ②Due to the influence of geological anomalies, more initial pressure and “square” pressure are borne in the mining process of multiple faces working. The dynamic load disturbance and abutment pressure distribution of roof collapse in this area were more complex and changeable, which were easy to cause the risk of overall instability rock bursts of wide coal pillar; ③Based on the mechanical model of single-layer bending thin plate, it was concluded that the bending energy of different plate structures increased exponentially or linearly with the length of the side, and the free edge had a greater influence on the bending energy than the fixed edge; ④The effect test of the pre-pressure relief and danger relief measures showed that there were no big micro-seismic energy events in the working face mining process and the coal body stress remained stable. The structural control measures basically guaranteed the prevention effect of rock burst at the beginning and end of the multi-working face mining in the geological abnormal area.

Objective: To clarify the effect of controlled atmosphere on preservation of water bamboo. Methods: Cold storage under air was used as control, the sensory quality, texture （firmness, chewiness and shear force）, color （L* value and WH value）, the contents of soluble protein, lignin and cellulose, as well as the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase （PAL） and polyphenoloxidase （PPO） were determined under four different gas components （CA1: 2% O2+7% CO2+91% N2, CA2: 5% O2+10% CO2+85% N2, CA3: 5% O2+7% CO2+88% N2, CA4: 2% O2+10% CO2+88% N2）, then stored at 0 ℃ with the relative humidity （RH） of 85% ~ 90%. Results: Controlled atmosphere （CA） treatment could significantly slow down the decline of sensory quality, L* value and WH value of water bamboo and the consumption of soluble protein （P＜0.05）. Among these CA treatments, the effects of CA2 treatment on preservation was the best. After 90 d storage, the PAL and PPO activities of CA2 treatment were significantly lower than those of control group, CA1 and CA3 （P＜0.05）, but there was no significant difference with CA4. Moreover, the accumulation of lignin and cellulose were inhibited, but the inhibition effect of CA2 treatment on lignin and cellulose were lower than that of CA3. The firmness and chewiness of CA1 treatment were significantly higher than other treatments （P＜0.05）, but the shear force was lower than that of CA2. Conclusion: The gas components of 5% O2+10% CO2+85% N2 effectively inhibited the quality deterioration of water bamboo, showing the best effect on commodity quality after 90 days of storage, providing theoretical basis and technical support for storage of water bamboo.

In order to study the feasibility of mine DC quadrupole device in advance detection of tunneling roadway, a 3D geoelectric model of roadway advance detection is established, and ANSYS is used to simulate quadrupole device for data acquisition; the ratio method is used to eliminate the influence of interference factors such as roadway and device, and the collected data without the influence of roadway is compared with the collected data; three full space geoelectric models are established to study the response of quadrupole device to different abnormal body positions, and the response characteristics of quadrupole device to low resistance abnormal body are obtained; the practicability of this method is illustrated by an engineering example. The research results show that the ratio method can eliminate the influence of the roadway on the abnormal body, and realize the advance detection of the roadway with the quadrupole device. It is feasible to use the quadrupole device to collect data in the advance detection of the roadway.

The Qionghua–Liantang fault belt, located at the boundary between the Fushan depression and the Haikou uplift, is the result of the impact of the uneven extension of the NE-trending Beibu Gulf rift. The Qionghua–Liantang fault belt passes through the Changliu New District and the major projects of the island-looping high-speed railway in Haikou, directly impacting the planning and construction of the Hainan Free Trade Zone. The article uses tectonic geomorphic survey, geophysical exploration, and drilling exploration to reveal that the Qionghua–Liantang fault consists of three NW-trending buried and semi-buried normal faults, which are the Wuyuanhe–Daoxincun fault (F1-1), the Yongzhuangshuiku fault (F1-2), and the Haikouzhuanwachang fault (F1-3). The width of the Qionghua–Liantang fault belt is about 1.8 km, and the length is about 17 km. The vertical displacement of the fault belt is 8.7~41.6 m since the Quaternary. The latest active age of these three faults is the late Pleistocene; the vertical activity rate was less than 0.1 mm/a. It is worth noting that the vertical activity rate of the Haikouzhuanwachang fault (F1-3) is higher than the other two faults and has more vigorous activity. Combining the tectonic background, the latest active age of the Qionghua–Liantang fault, and its relationship with Quaternary volcanic activity, this paper puts forward suggestions on the planning and construction of the Hainan Free Trade Zone and building avoidance of active fault.

At present, in network optimization, network quality evaluation and prediction are generally based on communities, and a flexible evaluation system for POI network quality was proposed following the research idea of “research on dimensionality increase and implementation of dimensionality reduction”.However, it involves many network KPI, resulting in a relatively complex evaluation system for POI network comprehensive quality and low prediction accuracy.In order to improve the prediction accuracy of POI network quality, KPCA was used to compress the correlation of input variables of BP neural network, the structure of BP neural network was simplified, and then the connection weights and threshold parameters of BP neural network were optimized through GA.Compared with the prediction results of traditional BP neural network, the prediction accuracy is improved by 10.9%, and the mean square error performance is significantly reduced, it can play a better supporting role in the prediction of POI network quality.