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In order to solve the problem that the actual current cannot closely follow the given current or the predicted output voltage fluctuates too much due to the unreasonable selection of the weight coefficient when the model predictive control seeks the optimal control variable, a model predictive control method based on fuzzy control dynamically selecting weight coefficients was proposed. Fuzzy control was applied to the selection of the weight coefficient, and the optimal weight coefficients can be sent to the currently running model predictive control system online. Three groups of experiments were conducted for the simulation, comparison and analysis of different weight coefficients, and the reasonable interval of the weight coefficient was obtained. The simulation results show that the weight coefficient based on fuzzy control has good performance. When the load change is severe, the robustness of the motor is well, and the current can closely follow the given current; When the load change is gentle, the output voltage fluctuation will be reduced under the condition that the current can follow the given current. The improved control system improves the anti-disturbance ability, and the weight coefficient can be changed automatically according to the actual demand, which provides some reference for the control design of permanent magnet linear synchrous motor.

To analyze the deformation characteristics and the change rule of flow stress of 2219 aluminum alloy at high temperatures and high strain rates,the dynamic as well as quasi-static tensile response of 2219 aluminum alloy were investigated by using split Hopkinson pressure test(SHPB) and universal test machine. The true stress-strain curves of 2219 aluminum alloy under different strain rates and temperatures were obtained. The results show that the temperature sensitivity of 2219 aluminum alloy is high and the flow stress decreases with the increase of temperature. When the strain rates are within the range of 1000-3000s-1, the change of flow stress is not obvious. The parameters fitted by the Johnson-Cook model can predict well the flow stress.

At present, the combination of edge computing and machine vision has a good application prospect for coal mine safety monitoring. But the storage space and computing resources at the edge are limited, and high-precision complex visual models are difficult to deploy on it. In order to solve the above problems, a YOLOv5s pruning method based on indirect and direct evaluation space fusion (IDESF) is proposed for the edge end of coal mine safety monitoring, aiming to achieve lightweight YOLOv5s network. Firstly, a structural analysis is conducted on the convolutional layers of each module in the YOLOv5s network to determine the free pruning layer and conditional pruning layer. It lays the foundation for subsequent allocation of pruning rates and calculation of the number of pruning kernels. Secondly, the pruning rate is assigned to the prunable layers according to the convolutional kernel weight importance score based on the convolutional kernel weight magnitude and the relative computational complexity of the layers, which effectively reduces the computational complexity of the network after pruning. Thirdly, based on the direct importance evaluation criterion of convolutional kernels, the indirect output importance of convolutional layers is introduced into the direct importance space in the form of scaling factors. The position distribution of convolutional kernels is updated to construct a fused importance evaluation space that includes the output information and amplitude information of convolutional kernels. It thereby improves the comprehensiveness of convolutional kernel importance evaluation. Finally, drawing on the idea of topk voting, the process of median filtering for screening redundant convolution kernels is optimized. The method quantifies the degree of redundancy of a convolutional kernel in terms of the incidence of nodes in the adjacency matrix of a directed graph, which improves the interpretability and generality of the redundant convolutional kernel screening process. The experimental results show the following points. ① From the perspective of balancing model precision and lightweighting, YOLOV5s_IDESF with a pruning rate of 50% is the optimal lightweight YOLOv5s. On the VOC dataset, YOLOv5s_IDESF mAP@.5 and mAP@0.5 is the highest, reaching 0.72 and 0.44 respectively. The parameter count is reduced to a minimum of 2.65×106, the computational complexity is reduced to 1.16×109, and the overall complexity is also reduced to the lowest. The image processing frame rate reaches 31.15 frames per second. ② On the coal mine dataset, YOLOv5s_IDESF mAP@.5 and mAP@0.5∶0.95 achieve the highest values of 0.94 and 0.52, respectively. The parameter count is reduced to a minimum of 3.12×106, the computational complexity is reduced to 1.24×109, and the overall complexity is also minimized. The image processing frame rate reaches 31.55 frames per second.

The experiment was to study the effect of different storage temperatures on post-harvest physiology and quality of feed mulberry leaves, the mulberry leaves were stored at room temperature 26, 8, 4, and 0 °C to analyse the changes of mulberry leaf color, respiratory intensity, weight loss rate, protein content, total sugar content and fat content. The results showed that compared with normal temperature storage, low temperature storage could prolong the storage time of feed mulberry leaves, reduce weight loss, reduce respiration, delay color change, delay the decrease time of total sugar, protein and fat content. Under low temperature condition, 0 °C would cause frostbite of mulberry leaves, and mulberry leaves lose use value. Mildew appeared in mulberry leaves after 20 d of storage at 8 °C. Storage at 4 °C could prolong the storage period of mulberry leaves to 40 d. The experiment indicates that the storage effect of mulberry leaves at 4 °C is better than that under other test conditions, so 4 °C is more suitable for storing feed mulberry leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the comprehensive properties of regenerated protein fibers, the tussah silk / cellulose blend fiber was prepared by dry and wet spinning with 1-ally1-3-methylimidazole chloride ([Amin]Cl) as solvent and tussah silk waste and cotton pulp as raw materials, the co-dissolution behavior of tussah silk/cellulose was investigated, and the structure and properties of regenerated blend fiber were studied. The results showed that the tussah silk has good solubility in [Amin]Cl under microwave irradiation and the dissolution rate of tussah silk in [Amin]Cl could be controlled by adjusting the microwave time. With the increase of shear rate, the shear viscosity of tussah silk/cellulose spinning liquid with different blend ratio showed a trend of gradual decline and obvious thinning of shear force. It illustrated that this spinning liquid was a typical pseudoplastic fluid. The supermolecular structure of regenerated blend fiber was the same as that of natural tussah silk fiber, both of them have β-fold structure and α-spiral structure, and the regenerated blend fiber has loose network structure on the surface and compact structure on the cross-section. The regenerated fiber has good mechanical property which its breaking strength and initial modulus was 8.46% and 21.45% higher than those of natural tussah silk fiber, respectively. Compared with the cellulose fiber, the regenerated blend fiber has better thermo -mechanical properties and thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate peach detection is a prerequisite for automated agronomic management, e.g., peach mechanical harvesting. However, due to uneven illumination and ubiquitous occlusion, it is challenging to detect the peaches, especially when the peaches are bagged in orchards. To this end, an accurate multi-class peach detection method was proposed by means of improving YOLOv5s and using multi-modal visual data for mechanical harvesting in this paper. RGB-D dataset with multi-class annotations of naked and bagging peach was proposed, including 4127 multi-modal images of corresponding pixel-aligned color, depth, and infrared images acquired with consumer-level RGB-D camera. Subsequently, an improved lightweight YOLOv5s (small depth) model was put forward by introducing a direction-aware and position-sensitive attention mechanism, which could capture long-range dependencies along one spatial direction and preserve precise positional information along the other spatial direction, helping the networks accurately detect peach targets. Meanwhile, the depthwise separable convolution was employed to reduce the model computation by decomposing the convolution operation into convolution in the depth direction and convolution in the width and height directions, which helped to speed up the training and inference of the network while maintaining accuracy. The comparison experimental results demonstrated that the improved YOLOv5s using multi-modal visual data recorded the detection mAP of 98.6% and 88.9% on the naked and bagging peach with 5.05 M model parameters in complex illumination and severe occlusion environment, increasing by 5.3% and 16.5% than only using RGB images, as well as by 2.8% and 6.2% when compared to YOLOv5s. As compared with other networks in detecting bagging peaches, the improved YOLOv5s performed best in terms of mAP, which was 16.3%, 8.1% and 4.5% higher than YOLOX-Nano, PP-YOLO-Tiny, and EfficientDet-D0, respectively. In addition, the proposed improved YOLOv5s model offered better results in different degrees than other methods in detecting Fuji apple and Hayward kiwifruit, verified the effectiveness on different fruit detection tasks. Further investigation revealed the contribution of each imaging modality, as well as the proposed improvement in YOLOv5s, to favorable detection results of both naked and bagging peaches in natural orchards. Additionally, on the popular mobile hardware platform, it was found out that the improved YOLOv5s model could implement 19 times detection per second with the considered five-channel multi-modal images, offering real-time peach detection. These promising results demonstrated the potential of the improved YOLOv5s and multi-modal visual data with multi-class annotations to achieve visual intelligence of automated fruit harvesting systems.

The northern South China Sea continental margin is the key or critical segment of the Ocean-Continent Connection Zone (OCCZ) of the Great South China Block, the junction between the Tethyan and the (Paleo-) Pacific dynamic systems, and the interaction area between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. However, due to the low-degree geophysical exploration in the past, the regional tectonic background, processes and mechanism of the transition between the Tethyan and the Pacific tectonic domains are unclear. Based on the latest large number of seismic profiles, we focus on the Cenozoic basin structure in the continental margin of the northern South China Sea and try to reveal the Mesozoic basement structures of the northern South China Sea continental margin, with the aim of exploring the pre-Cenozoic tectonic evolution and the Cenozoic opening, spreading, ridge fossil and closure of the South China Sea oceanic basin, so as to serve the accurate oil and gas exploration in this area at the same time. The seismic interpretation of the Pearl River Mouth Basin and the field structural investigation of the South China continental margin show that the OCCZ of the South China Block has experienced three processes: Mesozoic Indosinian collisional orogeny, Early Yanshanian accretionary orogeny and Late Yanshanian transpressive orogeny. During the Cenozoic era, it experienced the dispersive extension into basins under the control of NW-SE-directed normal extension in the early stage, the dextral pull-apart into basins under the control of NE-NNE-trending strike-slip faults in the middle stage, and the sinistral pull-apart into basins under the control of NW-WNW strike-slip faults in the late stage. In general, the transition process from the Tethyan to the Pacific tectonic systems can be subdivided into four stages: the transition from the Paleo-Tethyan to the Neo-Tethyan tectonic systems, the transition from the Neo-Tethyan to the Paleo-Pacific tectonic systems, the transition from the Neo-Tethyan to the Pacific tectonic systems, and the transition from the Paleo-Pacific to the Pacific tectonic systems. The tectonic transition of the East Asian OCCZ reflects the long-term mechanism of the Earth plate dynamic system driving the plate superconvergence in East Asia, in particular of the importance of the deep or submarine “Triple Poles”, the Southeast Asian U-shape subduction system, the Pacific LLSVP and the African LLSVP. More importantly, the Southeast Asian U-shape subduction system is also one of the important dynamic engines of the Earth plate motion.

Gallstone is a common surgical disease. The factors which related to intestine during the process of gallstone formation have attracted increasing attention. The main factors affecting the formation of cholesterol gallstone including cholesterol absorption, bile acid concentration, gut microbiota changing, are all related to the intestine. A correct understanding of the factors related to intestine during gallstone formation is helpful for the prevention and treatment of gallstone disease. In future, different targets related to intestine may play an important role in both prevention of gallstone disease and post-cholecystectomy management.

Blast furnace image contains abundant furnace condition information and blast furnace surface contour can directly reflect the bump ups and downs of burden surface, the gas distribution and other information, but the blast furnace burden surface image has the features of low contrast, inconspicuous details and strong bright spots, which make it difficult to detect the blast furnace surface contour. In this connection, a new blast furnace surface contour detection method is proposed. Firstly, the image is preprocessed to enhance its dynamic range and edge information; secondly, multi-directional differential operators based on fractional are deduced to extract a set of blast furnace burden surface contours of feasible region; then, the optimum fractional order is determined by adaptive method to obtain the optimal surface contour curve in the feasible region; lastly, an improved Canny operator is proposed to correct and compensate the optimal surface contour curve. Theoretical research and experimental results show that the new method can accurately obtain a smooth blast furnace burden surface contour, which has great guiding significance for blast furnace foreman to control charging in time and effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the expression and function of the TNF signaling pathway in the early stage of orthodontic tooth movement with periodontitis and to provide evidence to study the early inflammatory response in patients with periodontitis orthodontic treatment. Methods Sixteen SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: group A--12 h of orthodontic tooth movement of the bilateral maxillary first molars in rats with periodontitis; group B--periodontitis model of the bilateral maxillary first molars without orthodontic tooth movement; group C--12 h of orthodontic tooth movement of the same teeth in rats with healthy periodontium; group D--control group without operations. The bilateral maxillary first molars and surrounding periodontal tissue of each group were collected for gene chip detection. Pathway enrichment analysis, qRT-PCR and GO (gene ontology) analysis were performed to identify differential genes involved in the TNF signaling pathway. Results Gene chip results showed that the TNF signaling pathway was significantly upregulated in group A, group B and group C (P group B > group C (P

Aiming at dynamics analysis of the electric vehicle suspension and in order to improve the accuracy of the analysis, simulation studies of the electric automobile suspension of rigid modeling, rigid coupling modeling, flexible replacement were studied. In the modeling process of simulation studies on suspension of electric cars, there was a rigid assumptions against actual work in mixed rigid irrationality summarized, a simulation method combined virtual software ADAMS and ANSYS was presented to analyze electric vehicle suspension. ADAMS software was suitable for the use of dynamics and mechanics analysis of mechanical systems, was not suitable for linear and non- linear stress- strain analysis, and the scope of ANSYS software with the opposite characteristics, built electric car suspension model and simulation study. The results indicate that the electric vehicle suspension model properties closer to the optimized suspension under actual working conditions, improve the accuracy of the suspension model and to some extent can solve the suspension system ADAMS modeling irrationality. It provides the basis for optimal design of electric vehicles practical front suspension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The effects of potassium fertilizer applied to soil at different levels on leaf physiological characteristics, yield and fruit quality were evaluated to determine the optimal application amount of potassium in coastal saline soil. [Method] Potassium fertilizer at 0, 125, 250 and 375 kg/ha levels was applied to 10-year-old winter jujube trees (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Dongzao) before bud break and during the fruit expansion period. Under four different treatments of potassium application, leaf enzyme activity, potassium content, osmotic potential, relative turgidity, fruit yield and fruit quality were investigated and analyzed. [Result]Potassium application significantly increased activities of catalase and peroxidase. Compared to the control, osmotic potentials of jujube leaves treated by 125 kg/ha, 250 kg/ha and 375 kg/ha were respectively decreased by 19.8%, 36.1% and 38.2% at harvest period and the differences were obvious. In comparison to the control, potassium fertilizer improved relative turgidity and K +/Na + of leaf, of which, 250 kg/ha and 375 kg/ha treatments were significantly better than treatment of 125 kg/ha but statistical analysis demonstrated that no difference was found between them. Also, potassium application increased fruit yield and the highest value of 28050.0 kg/ha occurred in treatment of 250 kg/ha potassium but it was not different from 375 kg/ha treatment. Due to potassium application, fruit quality was improved in ratio of sugar to acid and the best effect appeared in treatment of 375 kg/ha. [Conclusion] Potassium application at the rate of 250 kg/ha is highly recommended for yellow river delta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ultra-wideband metal antenna with low radar cross section is proposed. The antenna adopts the metal Vivaldi as the radiation element, and utilizes a new-type frequency selective surface structure to reduce the radar cross section within the working frequency band. The frequency selective surface structure is composed of three layers of periodic planar structure and double layer medium, which has the characteristics of ultra wide bandwidth and controllable bandwidth. By changing the slot width and the width of the middle layer metal structure, can adjust the working frequency bandwidth and center frequency of the frequency selective surface structure, so as to realize the frequency bandwidth is adjustable, which can be used to reduce radar cross section of the antenna in different working frequencies.

This paper presents a new ultra-wideband(UWB) high-gain dual-band common-aperture array antenna. The antenna consists of four T-shaped dual-polarized antennas, a 6×6 waveguide slot array antenna, and a circular metal substrate. The dual-polarized antenna operates from 2.33 to 12 GHz and uses a large metal Vivaldi antenna array that sits above the metal plate. The waveguide slot antenna array operates in the X-band with 9.8～10.3 GHz and is located below the metal plate. The dual-polarization antenna array and the waveguide slot antenna array are located in the same plane and separated by a circular metal plate, which can improve the space utilization and can effectively reduce the mutual coupling between the antennas and solve the problem of poor isolation effect of common-aperture antenna. This article uses HFSS software simulating, the simulation results show that the common- aperture antenna array has the advantages of high polarization isolation, ultra-wideband, high gain, high aperture efficiency, and is suitable for modern communication systems and electronic countermeasures.

Though aging is the process everyone has to experience and a developmental task to fulfill, people usually bear a prejudice against older people and take a negative attitude toward aging. Sociologically speaking, this prejudice results from an unfair, negative and exclusive social attitude toward older people. The key to reducing or getting rid of the prejudice lies in changing such a social attitude toward older people and aging. Covering a person's whole life and involving the joint efforts made by the households, schools and communities, lifelong aging education is intended to help people (children and teenagers in particular) understand the aging problem, to abolish the prejudice against aging and older people and to get people prepared for a successful aging. A lifelong aging education requires us to develop a due understanding of people's current attitude toward the aging process, face it without any prejudice, help old people take a positive attitude toward aging, and facilitate good communications between different generations. The lifelong aging education will have great significance for the construction of an eco-civilization and a harmonious society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the displacement wave propagating characteristics of the flexible floating bridge that is subjected to high-speed and heavy load, the dynamic equation of the floating bridge is presented and solved by means of superposition method and the theory of beam on elastic foundation is employed. The displacement wave propagation velocities, the ratio of the maximum wave amplitude to the maximum displacement of floating bridge and the time history of the slope at the load place with respect to load velocity are gained. The numerical results show that the displacement wave will propagate towards both sides of the floating bridge subjected to high-speed and heavy load. New phenomena including the displacement wave accumulation and load climbing-slopes will occur when the velocity of moving load is faster than that of propagation of the displacement wave. And these phenomena will be more visible when the velocity of load is higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To fulfill photocatalytic hydrogen production, Ag-doped ZnS photo catalyst was prepared by template hydrothermal method and solution infiltration and reduction method. The structure and optical property were studied by XRD, SEM and UV - vis, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the catalysts was evaluated by splitting Na2S + Na2SO3 solution into H2. The results show that in acid bath with a small amount of template and a large amount of Thiourea and Zn (Ac)2, the sample is of rod structure and exists mainly in the form of sphalerite; whereas the sample is of ball structure and co-exists in the form of wurtzite and sphalerite. In a base bath, ZnS is of rod structure and exists mainly in the form of sphalerite. EDS analysis indicates that a small amount of Ag is loaded on the ZnS. The sample A has mixed-crystallized structure with bigger red - shifted in UV-vis absorption spectrum, and the doped Ag is liable to separate the photo-induced e- and h+ , which presents the best photocatalytic activity for H2 production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to enhance the specific capacitance and energy density of carbon-based supercapacitor, some particles of nickel oxide were loaded into activated carbon. A hybrid type electrochemical capacitor was made and tested, in which the activated-carbon loaded with nickel oxide was used as anode material and activated-carbon was used as cathode material. Results show that the BET surface area of the activated-carbon decreases due to the deposition of nickel oxide, but no obvious change is found in the pore size distribution. The specific capacitance of the capacitor is increased from 175.40 F/g to 194.01 F/g. The potential of oxygen evolution on the composite material electrode reaches 0.296 V, and it is 0.076 V higher than that on the pure activated-carbon electrode, which indicates that the hybrid capacitor has high energy density. Similar to the pure activated-carbon electrode, no obvious change appears on the specific capacitances of the composite material electrode at various discharge currents and the composite material electrode exhibits good power characteristics. The operation voltage of the hybrid capacitor is 1.2 V in the electrolyte of 6 mol/L KOH solution, which is 0.2 V higher than that of double-layer capacitor made of activated carbon. It is concluded that the specific capacitance and energy density of carbon-based supercapacitor can be enhanced by loading some nanometer-scale particles of nickel oxide into activated carbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the modified rate equations the transport properties of a circularly coupled triple-quantum- dot structure in both the temporary and stationary cases are systematically investigated. The rate equations for the reduced density matrix elements are derived together with the corresponding current for the triple-quantum-dot structure. The numerical results show that the electron-occupation probabilities in all states and the current flowing from the left lead to the right one showed the temporal oscillations. When the time is sufficiently long they become constant. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the stationary current exhibits a 2π-period Aharonov-Bohm oscillation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the property of the second harmonic of limited diffraction Bessel beam, the fundamental and second harmonic ultrasound fields of a zeroth-order Bessel beam in absorbing medium were computed and simulated by solving the KZK equation with a Bessel boundary condition, using a frequency domain finite difference method. Distribution of the second harmonic along the propagation direction was also investigated. The result shows that compared with the foundamental component, the second harmonic field has the same limited diffraction property, furthermore, the second harmonic has a narrower mainlobe in the farfield and lower sidelobes in the nearfield. It agrees well with that of the experiment. The study verifies the analytic solution derived from the quasi-linear approximation of KZK equation, and modified some limitations of the solution. This implies that in ultrasonic harmonic imaging better resolution and contrast can be obtained using the second harmonic, in the farfield and nearfield respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite No. 2 (CBERS-02) has good spatial resolution and abundant spectral information, and a strong ability in detecting vegetation. Based on five CBERS-02 images in winter wheat growth season, the spectral distance between winter wheat and other ground targets was calculated, and then, winter wheat was classified from each individual image or their combinations by using supervised classification. The train and validation samples were derived from high resolution Aerial Images and SPOT5 images. The accuracies and analyses were evaluated for CBERS-02 images at early growth stages, and the results were compared to those of TM images acquired in the same phenological calendars. The results showed that temporal information was the main factor affecting the classification accuracy in winter wheat, but the characteristics of different sensors could affect the classification accuracy. The multi-temporal images could improve the classification accuracy, compared with the results derived from signal stage, with the producer accuracy of optimum periods combination improved 20.0% and user accuracy improved 7.83%. Compared with TM sensor, the classification accuracy from CBERS-02 was a little lower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Venturi-type bubble generator as well as its performance has been received wide attentions by engineers and researchers in recent decades. In this paper, experimental research was carried out to study flow regime and pressure drop of the gas-liquid (air-water) twophase through a Venturi bubble generator. The bubble generator was designed with a rectangular cross section, and the gas was injected into the high speed water flow from the throat section of the Venturi. Interface distribution and dynamic processes of bubbles were observed with a high speed camera, and the static pressures of inlet, throat and outlet of the bubble generator were measured by pressure sensors. Such three basic regimes as bubbly, slug and column are preliminarily identified in the bubble generator by visual experimental observations. A significant increase of the pressure drop of the bubble generator is found in the experiment when the flow regime transformed from slug into column. In order to identify the flow regime of the bubble generator, time frequency of pressure signal was analyzed, and it is found that the outlet section of the bubble generator is confirmed as the most favorable position for pressure signal on-line monitoring. A relative kurtosis of probability density function and a coefficient of variation of power spectrum density strongly associated with flow regime transition were extracted from the pressure signals, and they were applied to identify slug-column and bubbly-slug transition, respectively. Since the traditional pressure drop models can’t precisely predict the whole pressure drop of the Venturi bubble generator, a new pressure drop prediction method is proposed. The effects of partial liquid single-phase flow and flow regime transition on the pressure drop prediction are considered in the new correlation by introduced two modified parameters, ′ and θ′, respectively. Both of the two modified parameters were fitted from the current experimental results. Prediction results of the new correlation agree well with those of the experiments with a relative root mean square deviation of 10.74%. The new correlation is applied to the two-phase flow under conditions of normal temperature and 1-1 times of atmospheric pressure, while the liquid flow Reynolds number ranges from 1.7×104 to 7.0×104 and the low mass quality ranges from 0 to 5.1×10-5. The new method proposed in this paper for predicting pressure drop of the device regarding gas-liquid two-phase flow can provide theoretical bases and references for the online monitoring of the similar device.

In order to ascertain the influencing factors and rules of the inner corrosion on the insulating joint unprotected side of the buried pipelines, a model of the buried pipeline’s insulating joint protected side and unprotected side cathodic protection system was established using the BEASY software with the help of the coupling calculation method for finite element and boundary element. The influences of different internal dielectric conductivity, potential difference between the protected side and the unprotected side as well as the damage rate of the inner coating on the internal corrosion of the unprotected side of the insulating joint were studied by numerical simulations, and the influence laws of various factors on the internal corrosion of the non - protected side of the insulating joint were analyzed with the help of analytical method. Results showed that the main factors affecting the internal corrosion of the unprotected side of the insulating joint were potential difference between the protected side and unprotected side, dielectric conductivity and the damage rate of the internal coating on the unprotected side. Furthermore, the corrosion rate was proportional to the potential difference between the protected side and the unprotected side, and to the dielectric conductivity, and were inversely proportional to the damage rate of the inner coating on the non - protected side.

High clean coal ash problem in "2+2" coal slime separation process,usually seen in high ash coarse slime and high ash fine slime beneficiation, may contributes to clean coal loss, because heavy medium cyclone clean coal should be controlled at relatively low level to meet the total ash requirement. In order to tackle the problem, Teetered Bed Separator and cyclonic micro-bubble flotation column were introduced to the "2+2" process to separate coarse and fine coal slime respectively. The results demonstrate that, Teetered Bed Separator can recycle qualified clean coal at high quantity efficiency and low Ep value (85.01% and 0. 069 respectively). Cyclonic micro-bubble flotation column, used as the second stage flotation column, is able to treat high ash fine slime at better performance than conventional flotation cell. At the kerosene dosage level of 1 000 g/t and the octanol dosage level of 125 g/t, column flotation is 3.76% lower in clean coal ash,4.10% and 9.97% higher in clean coal yield and flotation perfection index respectively than conventional cell flotation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the coagulation deficit and genetic basis for a Chinese pedigree affected with Congenital dysfibrinogenemia (CD)., Methods: Peripheral venous blood samples of the proband and her family members (including 4 individuals from three generations) were subjected to routine blood test and assays of liver and kidney functions and viral hepatitis to exclude related diseases. Clauss method and DFg-PT method were used to determine the fibrinogen activity (Fg:C), and an immunoturbidimetric assay was used to determine the level of fibrinogen antigen (Fg:Ag). All of the exons (22 in total) and their flanking sequences of the FGA, FGB and FGG genes were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. Variants in the coding regions of the three genes and transcriptional splicing sites were screened by using Mutation Surveyor TM software., Results: The Clauss method showed that Fg:C was significantly reduced in the proband and her father, whilst her mother and son were normal. With the DFg-PT method, the proband, her parents and son were all within the normal range. The Fg:C/Fg:Ag ratio of the proband and her father was lower than 0.7, whilst her mother and son were above 0.7. No significant change in the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin clotting time and thrombin time was noted. Two genetic variants were detected, which included a homozygous missense variant in the FGA gene [c.991A>G (p.Thr331Ala)], which was predicted to be benign, and a heterozygous missense variant of the γ chain of the FGG gene [c.1211C>G (p.Ser404Phe)], which is located in a conserved region and unreported in the CLINVAR/HGMD/EXAC/1000G databases and literature., Conclusion: This pedigree has conformed to the autosomal dominant inheritance of CD. The c.1211C>T (p.Ser404Phe) missense variant of the γ chain of the FGG gene probably underlay the pathogenesis of CD in this pedigree. The variant was unreported previously and named as "Fibrinogen Harbin II Ser404Phe".

Objective: To analyze the influence of serum levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) on the therapeutic effect of high-dose cytarabine (HD-AraC) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML)., Methods: 98 patients with AML treated in our hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the research subjects, all patients were treated with HD-AraC for 1 course of treatment every week. The effect of 2 groups were evaluated during after one course of treatment and divided into effective group and ineffective group, statistical table of baseline data was designed, the baseline data of 2 groups were counted in detail, the baseline data and serum levels of TGF-β1 and EGFR of 2 groups were compared, Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the levels of serum TGF-β1, EGFR and the therapeutic effect of HD-AraC in patients with AML, the value of serum TGF-β1 and EGFR levels in predicting the therapeutic effect of HD-AraC in AML patients was analyzed based on ROC curve and decision curve., Results: After 1 course of treatment, among the 98 patients, 26 cases had complete remission, 38 cases had partially remission and 34 cases no remission, the total effective rate was 65.31% (64/98); after comparing data of 2 groups, Logistic regression analysis showed that the overexpression of serum EGFR before treatment might be a risk factor for the ineffective treatment of HD-AraC in AML patients (OR>1, P<0.05), overexpression of serum TGF-β1 before treatment might be a protective factor for the ineffective treatment of HD-AraC in AML patients (OR<1, P<0.05); the ROC curve results showed that the AUC of serum EGFR and TGF-β1 before treatment in predicting the risk of ineffective HD-AraC treatment in AML patients were >0.70, which had certain predictive value. The decision curve results showed that in the threshold range of 0.15-044, the prediction model combined with serum EGFR and TGF-β1 levels in predicting the net benefit rate of HD-AraC treatment in AML patients was better than that of serum EGFR or serum TGF-β1 alone., Conclusion: The levels of serum TGF-β1 and EGFR affect the therapeutic effect of HD-AraC in patients with AML and increase the risk of ineffective treatment, serum TGF-β1 and EGFR can be used to predict the risk of ineffective HD-AraC treatment in AML patients, and the combined prediction of net benefit rate is higher.

Objective: To investigate the expression of CD73 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients with NPM1 mutant and wild-type, and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and prognosis of CD73 to the AML patients., Methods: 160 patients with AML treated in our hospital from June 2015 to June 2019 were enrolled, and 40 non-AML bone marrow samples from healthy people were selected as controls during the same period. The expression of CD73 in healthy people, NPM1 mutation and NPM1 wild-type AML patients were compared, and the relationship between the expression of CD73 and its clinicopathological characteristics, as while as efficacy in AML patients were analyzed. The patients were followed up, and the influence of CD73 to the prognosis of different AML patients was analyzed., Results: The positive expression rate of CD73 in AML patients (23.75%) was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (0.62%), and the positive expression rate of CD73 in AML patients with NPM1 mutation (74.75%) was significantly higher than that with NPM1 wild-type (25.51%) (both P<0.001). AML patients with CD73 positive expression was associated with age, FAB typing, disease risk classification, and NPM1 gene mutation (both P<0.05). The overall survival rate of AML patients with NPM1 gene mutation was 75.98%, which was significantly higher than the patients with NPM1 wild-type (34.68%)(P<0.001), the median survival time of AML patients with NPM1 gene mutation in the CD73 + group was 21 months, which was significantly longer than the patients in the CD73 - group (11 months)(P<0.001), the median survival time of AML patients with NPM1 wild-type in the CD73 + group was 13 months, which was significantly shorter than the patients in the CD73 - group (18 months) (P<0.001)., Conclusion: The expression of CD73 was increased in AML patients with NPM1 gene mutation, and CD73 showed different prognostic significance in AML patients with different NPM1 gene mutation. The combination of clinicopathologic features, CD73 expression and NPM1 gene in AML patients is helpful to determine their prognosis and guide the formulation of relevant treatment plans.

Aiming at the special geo-climatic conditions and typical problems constraining the development of villages and towns, making villages and towns have the following characteristics:green and low-carbon, energy saving and environmental friendly, the coupling process of adsorption by carbonized rice husk particles and biological oxidation using Bacillus megaterium bacteria was developed for purifying high iron-manganese from groundwater in the cold villages and towns. The quick start-up method of biological filter at low temperature was studied. Based on the contact oxidation and biological method, iron removal efficiency and reaction rate in different filtration layers under different filtration conditions were comparatively analyzed, and iron removal mechanism of biological filter was determined. Filter materials and the solid samples in backwash water at different stages were characterized and the manganese removal mechanism of biological filter was analyzed through SEM, FTIR, XPS, Raman spectra and EPR. The results showed that the active biological membrane reached mature and stable only after 15 d with the operation mode of bacteria liquid cycle and low filtration rate in the filter column. The effluent concentration met the requirements of drinking water quality (GB 5749-2006) in the stable operation process. Fe, Mn and bacteria were lower than 0.3 mg·L -1 , 0.1 mg·L -1 , 100 CFU·mL -1 , respectively. Iron removal mechanism relied mainly on the physical and chemical effects, supplemented by biological function. During the biofilm culturing stage and initial stable operation stage of filter column, manganese removal relied mainly on the biological effect. The physical chemistry was preferred at later stable operation stage. The study provides technical support for the applications of treating collectively Fe 2+ and Mn 2+ in groundwater.

To investigate the sexual morphological differences and female individual fecundity of Saurogobio dabryi, the sexual size dimorphism, sex ratio and female individual fecundity of 76 individuals collected from the lower reaches of the Jialing River (Hechuan section) in breeding season were analyzed. The results showed that the sex ratio of S. dabryi in the downstream of Jialing River was 1:1 in the breeding season, and no significant difference in the body size between males and females. However, some local morphological traits (such as cephalosome and the truck) exhibited significant difference between males and females, for example, the head, the pectoral fin and the pelvic fin were significantly larger in males than in females, while the width, height and length of trunk exhibited the opposite results, all which were related to the sexual selection. A principal component analysis showed that the first three components accounted for 75.2% of variations in the morphological variables. However, all traits overlapped between males and females, thus they could not be separated by morphological characters. By establishing discrimination function, 92.1% samples could be distinguished. The individual fecundity of S. dabryi ranged from 979 to 19979 eggs, and exhibited significant positive relationship with body length and carcass mass. Compared with the historical data, the fecundities of S. dabryi increased significantly in the present study, which should be the active adaption of the species to the currently depleting population, as well as to the changing of water ecological environment.

Objective: To assess the design and the Mainland China subgroup baseline characteristics of the study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of alogliptin versus placebo in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) as monotherapy, add-on to metformin or add-on to pioglitazone., Methods: This was a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week study comparing alogliptin (ALO, 25 mg, 1/d) versus placebo (PLA) as monotherapy (A), add-on to metformin (B) or add-on to pioglitazone ± metformin (C). The T2DM subjects with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c) between 7% and 10% and aged between 18 years and 75 years were enrolled and randomized to the alogliptin group and the placebo group in 1: 1 ratio with 16 weeks treatment. All patients were followed up every 4 weeks. The safety endpoints consisted of the incidence of hypoglycemia and other adverse events., Results: A total of 491 patients were enrolled in the Mainland China subgroup of the study (181 in group A, 186 in group B and 124 in group C). In each treatment group, the baseline characteristics including age, gender, body mass index, diabetes duration, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, body weight, daily dosage of metformin and daily dosage of pioglitazone were all well balanced., Conclusion: The demographic data, medical history, glycemic profile and treatment regimen at baseline in Mainland China subgroup are well balanced. The result of this study will provide the clinical evidence for the use of alogliptin in Chinese T2DM patients.

Objective: To preliminarily assess the prognosis of patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODSE) and analyze their influencing factors., Methods: The clinical data of 365 MODSE patients admitted into Chinese PLA General Hospital during January 2009 to June 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. According to 28-day outcomes, they were divided into 2 groups (28-day survival and non-survival) while 4 groups according to age. Then these prognosis were evaluated with the current scoring systems ((acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHEII and III), sample acute physiological score (SAPSII) and multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS)). The predictive powers were compared by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Finally a binary Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relevant influencing prognostic factors of MODSE., Results: The mean age was (77.8 ± 9.1) years, mean number of failed organs (3.6 ± 1.2) and a 28-day mortality 45.8%. The ages of non-survival group were older than those of survival group ((78.1 ± 9.1) vs (76.7 ± 11.0) years). The number of organ failures ((4.3 ± 1.1) vs (3.1 ± 1.0)) and scores (APACHEII: (28 ± 7) vs (20 ± 8), APACHE III: (106 ± 27) vs (75 ± 31), SAPSII: (64 ± 16) vs (46 ± 18), MODS: (9 ± 3) vs (6 ± 3)) of non-survivals were significantly higher than that of survivals. The area under ROC curve of these four score systems were 0.790, 0.781, 0.780 and 0.780 respectively. Compared to the above systems, SAPSII had the best performance in sensitivity while APACHEII was more valuable in specificity. All clinical data underwent binary Logistic regression and the results showed that plasma concentration of albumin and mean arterial pressure (MAP) offered beneficial outcomes while age and number of organ failures had unfavorable prognosis. The greater patient age, the higher their mortality., Conclusions: All four scoring systems have accurate prognostic predictions of MODSE patients. And the predictive power of APACHEII is the best. Plasma concentration of albumin, MAP, age and organ failure number are independent prognostic factors in MODSE patients.

Objective: To investigate the protein expression of caveolin-1 in type II alveolar epithelial cells (A549) exposed to carbon black nanoparticles (CB NPs) and the role of caveolin in the endocytosis of CB NPs., Methods: A549 cells were exposed to 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 µg/ml CB NPs for 24 h; then, trypan blue assay was applied to determine the cell viability. A549 cells were also exposed to 0, 25, 50, and 100 µg/ml CB NPs for 24 h, then, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and flow cytometry were applied to observe the morphological change of cells and cellular side scatter (SSC), and Western blot was used to analyze the effect of CB NPs on the protein expression of caveolin-1. A549 cells were co-exposed to1 µg/ml filipin and 100 µg/ml CB NPs for 24 h, then, the cellular SSC was observed., Results: Compared with controls, the A549 cells exposed to 200 and 400 µg/ml CB NPs had the cell viability decreased by 38.2% and 46.6%, respectively (P < 0.05), while those exposed to 25, 50, and 100 µg/ml CB NPs showed no significant decrease in cell vitality (P > 0.05). The protein expression of caveolin-1 was significantly higher in the cells exposed to 50 and 100 µg/ml CB NPs than in controls (P < 0.05). The TEM showed that plasmalemmal vesicles containing black particles were found in the cytoplasm of the cells exposed to 50 and 100 µg/ml CB NPs. The flow cytometry showed that the cellular SSC ratio increased from 1.007 to 1.331 as the dose of CB NPs rose within 0 ∼ 100 µg/ml and fell to 1.25 after the cells were co-exposed to1 µg/ml filipin and 100 µg/ml CB NPs., Conclusion: Carbon black nanoparticles can be transferred into A549 cells by endocytosis, but caveolin-mediated endocytic pathway plays a minor role in this process.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of acupotomy lysis in treatment of the third lumbar vertebrae transverse process syndrome., Methods: One hundred and eighty patients were randomly assigned into an acupotomy group and an electroacupuncture (EA) group, 90 cases in each group. The acupotomy group was treated with acupotomy on the tip of the 3rd lumbar vertebrae transverse process (tender point) combination with massage manipulation of hyperflexion and hyperextension on the waist, once a week for 3 weeks. The EA group was treated with EA at bilateral Shenshu (BL 23), Yaoyangguan (GV 3), Ashi point (local tender point) and ipsilateral Weizhong (BL 40), 3 times a week for 3 weeks. The 500 g pressure displacement and the energy absorption ratio were measured by JZL-II soft tissue tension meter and the clinical effect was evaluated by JOA low back pain scale before treatment, after treatment and 6 months after treatment., Results: After treatment and at follow-up visit, the 500 g pressure displacement in the acupotomy group increased significantly (both P < 0.01), but it was decreased significantly in the EA group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The energy absorption ratio in the acupotomy group after treatment and at follow-up visit increased significantly (both P < 0.01), and in the EA group, there was no significant difference after treatment as compared with that before treatment (P > 0.05), but it was increased significantly at follow-up visit (P < 0.01). The total therapeutic level distribution in the acupotomy group was better than that in the EA group after treatment and 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Acupotomy therapy can significantly increase the 500 g pressure displacement and the energy absorption ratio of the local soft tissue around the third lumbar vertebrae transverse process, decrease the local soft tissue tension so as to alleviate pain. The clinical effect of the acupotomy is superior to that of electroacupuncture.

Objective: To screen differently expressed proteins for serum biomarkers by studying serum proteome of population with asbestosis, population exposed to asbestos without asbestosis and population never exposed to asbestos, to further understand the mechanisms of asbestosis., Methods: The subjects of present study included 37 patients with asbestosis, 254 workers exposed to asbestos and 439 healthy controls. The 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS/MS) were used to screen and identify the differentially expressed serum proteins among all subjects. ImageMaster6.0 software was utilized to analyze the differentially expressed proteins., Results: Well-qualified gel images of serum proteome were obtained, 21, 34 and 32 differentially expressed spots were found between asbestosis and normal controls, between asbestosis and negative controls or between negative controls and normal controls, respectively. Differentially displayed proteins were identified as cytokines, α1-AT, L-ficolin, etc., Conclusion: Exposure to asbestos for a long period could interfere with the immune system of workers exposed to asbestos, and some proteins may serve as the biomarkers for early diagnosis and intervention of asbestosis.

Objective: To study the consistency between DR and high-kV chest radiographs in diagnosis of pneumoconiosis and to explore the feasibility of DR chest radiograph in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis., Methods: Twenty five coal miners were examined with DR and high-kV chest radiographs at the same time. Image post-processing parameters (density, contrast, etc.) were set to ensure the quality of DR chest radiograph in Philips Essenta DR machine. In order to avoid the repetitive numbers, 50 chest radiographs were numbered at random. Pneumoconiosis diagnosis was conducted by six independent certified occupational physicians of pneumoconiosis by blind method. The consistency between 2 kinds of chest films was assessed., Results: All chest radiographs (25 cases, 50 chest films) were excellent. The diagnosis results of six readers on the 15 pairs of DR and high-kV chest radiographies were summarized. For high-kV chest radiographs, the consistency of pneumoconiosis classification for 12 pairs of readers was more than 68%, the consistency of total density for 11 pairs of readers was more than 68%. For DR chest radiographs, the consistency of pneumoconiosis classification for 13 pairs of readers was more than 60%, the consistency of total density for 14 pairs of readers was more than 60%. The consistency of pneumoconiosis classification between two chest radiographs was 72% (value: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.46-0.92), the consistency of total density between two chest radiographs was 80% (value: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.61-0.95)., Conclusion: When the chest radiograph quality was good and the difference of reading films was low, there was a good consistency of pneumoconiosis diagnosis between DR chest radiographs and high-kV chest radiographs.

Objective: To explore the effects of image post-processing parameters on DR chest radiograph for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis., Methods: Eighty three coal miners were examined with high-kV and DR chest radiographs at the same time. Image post-processing parameters (density, contrast and so on) were designed in a Philips Essenta DR machine were designed, then differences of image quality between high-kV and DR chest radiographs were compared., Results: After regulating image and proceeding the parameters, the OD (optical density) values of high density areas in the upper-middle lung fields, subphrenic and direct exposure areas were 1.58 +/- 0.10, 0.23 +/- 0.02 and 2.80 +/- 0.21, respectively. The quality of chest films met the requirements of diagnostic criteria of pneumoconiosis. The rate of excellent chest films for DR chest radiograph was 95.18%, which was significantly higher than that (80.72%) for high-kV chest radiograph (P < 0.01)., Conclusion: Appropriate parameters of image post-processing can make DR chest radiograph to meet the requirements of chest radiograph quality for the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.

Objective: To explore the effects and relationship of specific demethylation agent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) on colorectal cancer (CRC) induced by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in mouse and the in vivo expression of cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitor p16/CDKN(2) mRNA., Methods: A total of 40 male KM mice were randomized into 2 groups and CRC was induced by a 22-week injection of DMH. One group was interfered by specific DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-CdR. Another 10 the same source male KM mice were induced by a 22-week injection of saline as none induced cancer control group (negative control group). All mice were sacrificed to examine for colorectal neoplasm. Immunohistochemical staining was used to assess the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The expression of p16/CDKN(2) mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization., Results: The average numbers of neoplasm was higher in the DMH group (7.6 ± 3.1) than that of the group DMH + 5-Aza-CdR (3.4 ± 1.8, P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed there was a significant elevation of PCNA in the group DMH (16/19) as compared with that in the group DMH + 5-Aza-CdR (11/19, P < 0.05). In situ hybridization revealed that the level of tumor suppressor gene p16/CDKN(2) mRNA was significantly lower in the group DMH than that in the group DMH + 5-Aza-CdR., Conclusion: The specific demethylation agent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine may inhibit the carcinogenesis of CRC. Its mechanism may be related with a high expression of p16/CDKN(2) mRNA.

Objective: To identify the single nucleotide polymorphisms of human CYP8B1gene and explore the association of some of these SNPs with gallstone disease in Chinese population., Methods: The exon and part of promoter were sequenced by a fluorescent labeling automatic method to identify and characterize the SNPs in Chinese population. For SNPs with an allelic frequency of over 10%, a case-control study was performed in patients and controls., Results: Eleven SNPs were found within a 5119 bp region. Among them, 1 was in coding region, 5 in promoter and 5 in 3'-UTR. There were 3 novel SNPs and 12 SNPs in SNP database were not found. The allelic frequency of rs3732860 polymorphism showed a significant difference (P = 0.022) in the association study. The subjects with A allele had a significantly lower frequency of gallstone disease than those with G allele (OR = 1.465, 95%CI 1.055 - 2.034, P = 0.023)., Conclusion: SNP rs3732860 of CYP8B1 gene is associated with gallstone disease in Chinese population. And A allele may play a protective role in the pathogenesis of gallstone.

Objective: To analyze the mutation of the KAL1 gene in male patients with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH)., Methods: We analyzed the exon mutation of the KAL1 gene in 30 IHH patients using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) combined with the PCR product direct sequencing technique., Results: Three cases of the KAL1 gene mutation were found among the total number of patients, including 1 case of nonsense mutation (c. 1270C > T,p. R424X), and 2 cases of frameshift mutation, (c. 279&#95;280delAG,p. G94fs) and (c. 1886&#95;1887delTT,p. L629fs)., Conclusion: Of the 3 cases of the KAL1 gene mutation we detected, 2 are new and 1 already reported in the literature. The results of our study have provided valuable information on the molecular genetics of the IHH syndrome.

Objective: to investigate whether pirfenidone (PFD) presents the antifibrotic effect in silicosis of rats., Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: the non-treat group, the normal saline group, the normal saline + PFD group, the SiO2 group, the SiO2 + PFD group. Rats except in the non-treat group were intratracheally instilled with SiO2 (25 mg/ml) or normal saline. The rats in normal saline + PFD group and the SiO2 + PFD group were given PFD (50 mg/kg) orally the next day after instillation and throughout the study. Rats were respectively sacrificed 7, 21, 42 days after instillation. The pathology changes were evaluated by Haematoxylin-eosin (HE), Van Gieson and Foot staining, and the hydroxyproline (HYP) content of pulmonary tissue was determined., Results: compared with the SiO2 group, PFD could relieve the fibrotic changes in the lungs of rats. The fibrotic degree in silicotic lesions of lungs was lower in the SiO2 + PFD group than that of SiO2 group. The HYP content in the lungs of the SiO2 + PFD group [(0.75 ± 0.12) mg/g] was significantly lower than that of the SiO2 group [(1.19 ± 0.17) mg/g] at 42 days after instillation (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: these data support that PFD has an antifibrotic effect against SiO2 induced lung fibrosis in rats, Which appears to be changing collagen accumulation and inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of manual lymph drainage on chronic extremity lymphedema., Methods: Fifty patients with chronic lymphedema of extremity were treated with manual lymph drainage (MLD) complex decongestion therapy. Among them, 29 had primary lymphedema, 21 had secondary lymphedema. 42 had lymphedema of lower extremity and 8 had lymphedema of upper limb. The result of treatment was evaluated with measurement of circumference of extremities and edema fluid in tissue with Multiple-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis., Results: After 1-2 treatment courses, all 50 patients showed significant decrease of circumference of lymphomatous limbs (P < 0.05) and remarkable reduction of accumulated edema fluid in tissue (P < 0. 05). There was highly correlation between the decrease of limb circumference and edema fluid in tissue (r(s) = 0.774, P < 0.01)., Conclusions: MLD complex decongestion therapy is effective for the treatment of chronic lymphedema of extremity.

Objective: The Carbon fiber reinforced carbon matrix composites were employed for reconstruction of large circumferential defect of the cervical trachea. The biocompatibility and biofunctionality of the new type carbonaceous tracheal prosthesis were evaluated, and the feasibility for cervical tracheal reconstruction discussed., Methods: Two types of carbonaceous tracheal prosthesis with different weaving methods of carbon fiber were used on eight healthy canines. Three to six tracheal cartilage rings were resected circumferentially. The 2 cm long tracheal prosthesis was transplanted into canines and the anastomosis was completed by end-to-end, tracheal-into-prosthesis and prosthesis-into-tracheal method. The function of breathing, eating and infection was observed after surgery. Four months later, the five survival canines were sacrificed and the prosthesis with surrounding tissues was removed for observation by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy., Results: All dogs had cough symptom in different degree lasted 1 - 4 weeks after surgery. Two dogs with tracheal-into-prosthesis anastomosis showed eating disorders in different degree. One canine died due to airway obstruction caused by dislocation of prosthesis within three weeks after operation. Another two deaths in 11th week and 12th week were attributed to suffocation because of hypergranulation and scar formation. Prosthesis was surrounded by connective tissues and anchored firmly to the neighboring tissues. Most part of the luminal surface of tracheal prosthesis was not covered by respiratory mucosa. However, the inner layer showed scant re-epithelialization beyond the anastomosis., Conclusions: The implantation of the carbonaceous tracheal prosthesis can maintain the normal respiratory function of the experimental canines, but hypergranulation and scar formation around the end of the tracheal prosthesis and epithelium on the luminal surface of the prosthesis are questions still remained to be solved.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) in the treatment of obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)., Methods: A total of 20 patients with obesity and T2DM were treated with LAGB. During the postoperative 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months, the body weight changes were monitored and body mass indices (BMI) were calculated. The serum levels of leptin, GLP-1, and ghrelin were examined preoperatively and 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 months after LAGB using enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At the same time, the fasting serum insulin (FINS), C-peptide, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were examined by electrochemiluminescence and the level of fasting blood glucose (FBG) was tested with oxidase test., Results: At postoperatively 12 months, all the 20 patients lost weight. The mean body weight decreased from (108 + or - 18) kg to (71 + or - 16) kg (P<0.05) and BMI decreased from 38 + or - 5 to 29 + or - 6 (P<0.05). The HOMA-IR decreased from (12.8 + or - 7.4) to (3.4 + or - 2.0) (P<0.01). The serum ghrelin level increased from (7.8 + or - 1.9) microg/L to (11.6 + or - 2.6) microg/L (P<0.01). The serum leptin level declined from (24.9 + or - 13.7) microg/L to(12.9 + or - 5.1) microg/L (P<0.01). The serum GLP-1 level increased from (0.58 + or - 0.12) microg/L to(0.80 + or - 0.06) microg/L (P<0.01). After LAGB, there were positive correlations between serum leptin level and FBG, FINS, HbA1c,and C-peptide level. Serum ghrelin and GLP-1 were negatively correlated with FBG, FINS, HbA1c,C-peptide., Conclusions: LAGB is effective in treatment of obesity patients with T2DM. The mechanism may be associated with the increase of serum GLP-1 and ghrelin and the decrease of serum leptin and insulin resistance.

Objective: To evaluate anatomical and functional images of contrast MR lymphangiography in the diagnosis of limb lymphatic circulation disorders., Methods: 30 patients with limb lymphedema were enrolled in the study. There were 27 patients of primary lymphedema and 3 of secondary lymphedema. Contrast enhanced lymphangiography was performed with 3.0 T MR Unit after intracutaneous injection of gadobenate dimeglumine into the interdigital webs of the dorsal foot and hand. The kinetics of enhanced lymph flow within the lymphatics were calculated using the formula: Speed (cm) = total length of visualized lymph vessel (cm)/ inspection time (minutes) and by comparing dynamic nodal enhancement and time-signal intensity curves between edematous and contralateral limbs. Morphological abnormalities of the lymphatic system were also evaluated., Results: Following injection of the contrast agent enhanced lymphatic channels were consistently visualized in all clinical lymphedematous limbs and five contralateral limbs of unilateral lymphedema cases. The speed of enhanced flow within the lymphatics of lymphedematous limbs ranged from 0.30 to 1.48 cm/min. The contrast enhancement in inguinal nodes of edematous limbs was significantly lower than that of contralateral limbs (P < 0.01). Dynamic measurement of contrast enhancement showed a remarkable lowering of peak time (P < 0.01) and peak enhancement (P < 0.01) and a delay in outflow in inguinal nodes of affected limbs compared with that of control limbs. Post-contrast MR imaging also depicted varied distribution patterns of lymphatics and abnormal lymph flow pathways within lymph nodes in the limbs with lymphatic circulation disorders., Conclusions: Contrast MR lymphangiography with gadobenate dimeglumine was able to visualize the precise anatomy of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes in lymphedematous limbs. It also provided comprehensive information about the functional status of lymph flow transportation in lymphatics and lymph nodes.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of full-field digital mammography for breast cancer., Methods: The clinical data and mammograms of 230 patients with breast diseases between January 2008 and July 2008 were collected and reviewed. Craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) view mammograms were performed in all patients before surgery. Three experienced radiologists in breast imaging assessment analyzed and classified all the mammograms according to breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were evaluated according to their pathological diagnosis. The reasons resulting in false-negative and false-positive diagnosis were also analyzed., Results: Of the 238 samples, 130 had a malignant breast tumors and 108 cases of benign breast lesions. One hundred and nine of the 130 malignant breast tumors were invasive ductal carcinoma. Fifty-seven of the 108 benign breast lesions were breast adenosis. Masses or masses with microcalcification were the most frequently seen signs of the malignant tumors, accounting for 40.8% and 20.8%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FFDM in detecting breast carcinoma were 90.8%, 87.0% and 89.1%, respectively. The false-negative signs including negative X-ray finding (5 cases) and focal asymmetric densities (4 cases). The false-positive signs were masses with spiculate, indistinctive or lobulated margin leading to misdiagnosing the lesions as malignant tumors., Conclusion: Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) is helpful in detection of breast cancers in women, with a higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, and has an important clinical application value.

Objective: To explore the relationship between expression and regulation of Megalin in gallbladder mucosa and cholesterol gallstone disease., Methods: Gallbladder mucosa, gallbladder wall, bile, gallstone were collected from 29 patients with cholesterol gallstone disease (GS) and 12 patients with gallstone free (GSF). Lipids of bile and stone were measured by kits. Expression of Megalin and Cubilin was analyzed by Real-time PCR. GBC-SD cell line were treated with T0901317, 9-cis retinoic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), the agonists of LXR, RXR, FXR, respectively. Gene expressions were detected., Results: Biliary cholesterol % molar and CSI increased significantly in GS group [(7.98 +/- 0.44) mol% vs (4.87 +/- 0.39) mol%, P < 0.01]. Megalin expression in GS group was significantly higher than that in GSF group (P < 0.05) and cubilin expression was similar between two groups. In vitro experiments showed that CDCA markedly increased expression of megalin., Conclusion: This study shows that the increased expression Megalin may help to increase cholesterol uptake in gallbladder and play a compensative role in GS. FXR may participate in the transcription regulating of Megalin.