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Background Cerebral infarction is a disorder of blood supply to the local brain tissue area caused by various causes. Tongnao Decoction is approved and used in Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine for the treatment of cerebral infarction. However, the specific mechanisms underlying its action remain unclear. Objective To explain the mechanism of Tongnao Decoction in the treatment of cerebral infarction through network pharmacology and clinical trails. Methods From January 2019 to June 2020, a total of 199 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine were included in the clinical study. and divided into the control group (97 cases) and experimental group (102 cases) according to the method of random number table. Both groups received standardized treatment for stable cerebral infarction, and the experimental group was treated with Tongnao Decoction. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the degree of functional impairment caused by stroke, and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the recovery of neurological function for both groups before treatment and at 2 weeks of treatment. The chemical compounds of Tongnao Decoction were screened from TCMSP and literature, and those with bioavailability (OB) ≥30% and drug-like properties (DL) ≥0.18 requirements were selected to find the active ingredient of the prescription. OMIM and GeneCards databases were used to analyze the molecular targets of Tongnao Decoction for the treatment of cerebral infarction. After screening the common targets, Cytoscape software, String database were used to plot the network of compounds and target proteins, construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, gene ontology (GO) function, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis, respectively. Molecular docking experiments were finally performed to identify the main active ingredients of Tongnao Decoction for the treatment of cerebral infarction. Results After treatment, the scores of NIHSS and mRS in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P

Based on new data from cores, drilling and logging, combined with extensive rock and mineral testing analysis, a systematic analysis is conducted on the characteristics, diagenesis types, genesis and controlling factors of deep to ultra-deep abnormally high porosity clastic rock reservoirs in the Oligocene Linhe Formation in the Hetao Basin. The reservoir space of the deep to ultra-deep clastic rock reservoirs in the Linhe Formation is mainly primary pores, and the coupling of three favorable diagenetic elements, namely the rock fabric with strong compaction resistance, weak thermal compaction diagenetic dynamic field, and diagenetic environment with weak fluid compaction-weak cementation, is conducive to the preservation of primary pores. The Linhe Formation clastic rocks have a superior preexisting material composition, with an average total content of 90% for quartz, feldspar, and rigid rock fragments, and strong resistance to compaction. The geothermal gradient in Linhe Depression in the range of (2.0–2.6) °C/100 m is low, and together with the burial history of long-term shallow burial and late rapid deep burial, it forms a weak thermal compaction diagenetic dynamic field environment. The diagenetic environment of the saline lake basin is characterized by weak fluid compaction. At the same time, the paleosalinity has zoning characteristics, and weak cementation in low salinity areas is conducive to the preservation of primary pores. The hydrodynamic conditions of sedimentation, salinity differentiation of ancient water in saline lake basins, and sand body thickness jointly control the distribution of high-quality reservoirs in the Linhe Formation.

As a high-value target, aircraft carrier formations will inevitably become the focus of drone swarm attacks, and the importance and necessity of Counter-UAV swarm operations are constantly highlighted. The article expounds the characteristics of the threat of UAV swarms faced by aircraft carrier formations, and analyzes the current Counter-UAV swarm combat capability of aircraft carrier formations based on the actual weapons and equipment and tactical tactics, and then proposes future aircraft carrier formations. The capability requirements provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of the aircraft carrier formation Counter-UAV swarm combat plan and the development of future aircraft carrier formation air defense weapons.

Congential biliary dilitation (CBD) is rare biliary tract disease in clinic. Clinical classification and disease characteristics of CBD is the key of accurate treatment. Surgical treatment was regarded as the first choice for adult patients with CBD including traditional surgery. There is still a controversy in the strategy of reconstruction of bile duct during operation. In this article the progress in diagnosis and treatment of CBD was reviewed.

In this paper, through the Raman spectroscopy analysis of fluid inclusions in Lala copper deposit, it is found that the types of fluid inclusions are diverse, including not only single pure gas phase or pure liquid phase, gas-rich phase, liquid-rich phase, and many daughter crystals, but also melt-fluid inclusions. The gas phase components of fluid inclusions are not limited to the CO2, but also include N2, CH4 or a mixture of the three. Not only halide daughter crystals but also calcite and hematite daughter crystals are found in fluid inclusion daughter minerals. In conclusion, the Raman spectroscopy characteristics of fluid inclusions show that the ore-forming fluids of the Lala copper deposit have the characteristics of multiple stages and complex sources.

The Lala copper deposit is a well-known large copper deposit in the southwest China. The structure of the Lala copper mine area is complex. To clarify the structural stage of the mine area can better understand the distribution and evolution of the ore body. After data collection, field survey, data statistics and calculation classification, the structural movement vector in the area is dynamically inverted, and the structural deformation characteristics of the mining area are summarized to infer the relationship between the structure and the mineralization. The structure of the mining area is dominated by directional foliation, bedding ductile sliding structure, translational faults, reverse faults and normal faults. After analysis, it can be divided into six stages, which are mainly affected by NE, SN, EW and NW directions. Among them, the first four stages have important influence on mineralization, especially the ductile shear zone plays a vital role in the mineralization.

ObjectivesAiming at the operation support scheduling of carrier-based aircraft, this paper proposes a scheduling optimization algorithm based on apprenticeship learning which can quickly generate a operation support schedule for a carrier-based aircraft fleet. MethodsUsing the apprenticeship learning method, the executed and unexecuted tasks in expert demonstrations are compared in pairs to construct a sample set, and the support task scheduling classifier is trained based on the deck features of aircraft carrier. On this basis, a support task apprenticeship learning algorithm for a carrier-based aircraft fleet is designed and compared with the traditional genetic algorithm （GA） in terms of solving solution, solving time and resource allocation. ResultsThe results show that the operation support schedule obtained by the apprenticeship scheduling algorithm is equivalent to that by the traditional GA, but the rate of convergence is increased nearly fourfold, and the support resources are more evenly distributed. ConclusionsThe apprenticeship scheduling algorithm proposed in this paper can adequately learn from expert experiences and solve the problem of static single-objective carrier-based aircraft support scheduling. As such, this study provides references for further research in the field of dynamic multi-objective carrier-based aircraft support scheduling.

Based on core description, thin section identification, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, low-temperature gas adsorption and high-pressure mercury intrusion porosimetry, the shale lithofacies of Shan23 sub-member of Permian Shanxi Formation in the east margin of Ordos Basin was systematically analyzed in this study. The Shan23 sub-member has six lithofacies, namely, low TOC clay shale (C-L), low TOC siliceous shale (S-L), medium TOC siliceous shale (S-M), medium TOC hybrid shale (M-M), high TOC siliceous shale (S-H), and high TOC clay shale (C-H). Among them, S-H is the best lithofacies, S-M and M-M are the second best. The C-L and C-H lithofacies, mainly found in the upper part of Shan23 sub-member, generally developed in tide-dominated delta facies; the S-L, S-M, S-H and M-M shales occurring in the lower part of Shan23 sub-member developed in tide-dominated estuarine bay facies. The S-H, S-M and M-M shales have good pore structure and largely organic matter pores and mineral interparticle pores, including interlayer pore in clay minerals, pyrite intercrystalline pore, and mineral dissolution pore. C-L and S-L shales have mainly mineral interparticle pores and clay mineral interlayer pores, and a small amount of organic matter pores, showing poorer pore structure. The C-H shale has organic micro-pores and a small number of interlayer fissures of clay minerals, showing good micro-pore structure, and poor meso-pore and macro-pore structure. The formation of favorable lithofacies is jointly controlled by depositional environment and diagenesis. Shallow bay-lagoon depositional environment is conducive to the formation of type II2 kerogen which can produce a large number of organic cellular pores. Besides, the rich biogenic silica is conducive to the preservation of primary pores and enhances the fracability of the shale reservoir.

ObjectivesThis paper proposes an algorithm for optimizing the layout of carrier aircraft in a hangar. MethodsTo solve the problem of the mixed layout of aircraft in a hangar, based on the basic spatial combination relationship, this paper sets up a combinatorial relationship library, optimizes the solution space and converts the constrained two-dimensional layout problem into a combinatorial optimization problem. A hangar layout model is established with the maximum number of carrier aircraft and maximum number of emergency dispatch aircraft, and a heuristic algorithm is used to solve the model.ResultsUsing the case study of a USS Nimitz-class aircraft carrier, the resulting layout scheme can maximize the total number of carrier aircraft while ensuring the number of emergency dispatch aircraft, and the results satisfy actual business constraints and requirements. Compared with the layout scheme of USS aircraft carrier, the area utilization rate of hangar deck is increased by 16.92%.Conclusions The proposed algorithm can be used to effectively solve the layout problem of carrier aircraft in a hangar.

Based on thin-section, argon-ion polished large-area imaging and nano-CT scanning data, the reservoir characteristics and genetic mechanisms of the Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale layers with different laminae and laminae combinations in the Sichuan Basin were examined. It is found that the shale has two kinds of laminae, clayey lamina and silty lamina, which are different in single lamina thickness, composition, pore type and structure, plane porosity and pore size distribution. The clayey laminae are about 100 μm thick each, over 15% in organic matter content, over 70% in quartz content, and higher in organic pore ratio and plane porosity. They have abundant bedding fractures and organic matter and organic pores connecting with each other to form a network. In contrast, the silty laminae are about 50 μm thick each, 5% to 15% in organic matter content, over 50% in carbonate content, higher in inorganic pore ratio, undeveloped in bedding fracture, and have organic matter and organic pores disconnected from each other. The formation of mud lamina and silt lamina may be related to the flourish of silicon-rich organisms. The mud lamina is formed during the intermittent period, and silt lamina is formed during the bloom period of silicon-rich organisms. The mud laminae and silt laminae can combine into three types of assemblages: strip-shaped silt, gradating sand-mud and sand-mud thin interlayers. The strip-shaped silt assemblage has the highest porosity and horizontal/vertical permeability ratio, followed by the gradating sand-mud assemblage and sand-mud thin interlayer assemblage. The difference in the content ratio of the mud laminae to silt laminae results in the difference in the horizontal/vertical permeability ratio.

Facing the problems of high cost, low efficiency and low transparency existing in the traditional transmission and distribution networks under the centralized management, and the demand for maximizing the interests of all players in the multi-microgrid system, a fair bidding rule and multi-objective dynamic planning model were established. Using blockchain trusted ledger and smart contract technology, a decentralized, transparent, open and information symmetrical market-oriented transaction model was established to ensure the interests of all parties. The simulation results show that the model allocation strategy can effectively balance the interests of market participants, and verify the applicability and effectiveness of the bidding rules in multi microgrid market-oriented transaction.

Abstract: The shales in the 2nd Member of Shanxi Formation in the east margin of the Ordos Basin were deposited in a marine-nonmarine transitional environment during the Permian. Based on the recent breakthroughs in the shale gas exploration and theoretical understandings on the shale gas of the study area, with a comparison to marine shale gas in the Sichuan Basin and marine-nonmarine transitional shale gas in the U.S., this study presents the geological characteristics and development potential of marine-nonmarine transitional gas in the study area. Four geological features are identified in the 2nd Member of the Shanxi Formation in the study area has: (1) stable sedimentary environment is conductive to deposition of widely distributed organic shale; (2) well-developed micro- and nano- scale pore and fracture systems, providing good storage capacity; (3) high content of brittle minerals such as quartz, leading to effectively reservoir fracturing; and (4) moderate reservoir pressure and relatively high gas content, allowing efficient development of shale gas. The 2nd Member of Shanxi Formation in the east margin of Ordos Basin is rich in shale gas resource. Three favorable zones, Yulin-Linxian, Shiloubei-Daning-Jixian, and Hancheng-Huangling are developed, with a total area of 1.28×104 km2 and resources between 1.8×1012 and 2.9×1012 m3, indicating a huge exploration potential. Tests of the 2nd Member of Shanxi Formation in vertical wells show that the favorable intervals have stable gas production and high reserves controlled by single well, good recoverability and fracability. This shale interval has sufficient energy, stable production capacity, and good development prospects, as evidenced by systematic well testing. The east margin of the Ordos Basin has several shale intervals in the Shanxi and Taiyuan formations, and several coal seams interbedded, so collaborative production of different types of natural gas in different intervals can be considered. The study results can provide reference for shale gas exploration and development and promote the rapid exploitation of shale gas in China.

Facing the problems of central single point failure and malicious tampering in the centralized storage of electric energy data, a trusted storage mechanism including identity authentication, sensor data upload, IPFS storage, blockchain upload and access verification was proposed by building the inter satellite storage consortium blockchain (ISCB) of electric energy data based on the decentralized, tamper proof and highly expandable characteristics of blockchain. In view of the characteristics of electric energy data, such as wide source and large capacity, the blockchain technology was combined with the inter planetary file system (IPFS), and the data hash and query attributes returned by IPFS were saved on the chain, so as to effectively solve the problems of storage expansion and data tampering identification of electric energy data blockchain.

Based on core, thin-section, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and well logging data, the characteristics of the parametamorphic rock reservoirs in the Pingxi area were analyzed by means of whole rock X-ray diffraction and micron CT scanning. The parametamorphic rock reservoirs mainly had three types of rocks: slate, crystalline limestone and calc-schist; the original rocks were Ordovician-Silurian marine clastic and carbonate rocks. The three types of parametamorphic rock reservoirs developed three types and six sub-types of reservoir space. The first type of reservoir space was fractures, including structural, weathered and dissolution fractures; the second type was dissolved porosities, including dissolved pores and caves; the third type was nano-sized intercrystalline porosities. The three types of parametamorphic rock reservoirs were different widely in the quantity, volume and radius of pore-throats, and were strongly affected by the type and development degree of fractures. The parametamorphic rock reservoirs were formed by metamorphism, weathering, structural fragmentation and dissolution. Metamorphism reformed the parametamorphic rock reservoirs significantly, breaking the traditional constraint of finding weathering crust at top. The parametamorphic rock reservoirs experienced five formation stages, and their distribution was controlled by rock type, metamorphic degree, ancient geomorphology, and weathering intensity. Key words: Qaidam Basin, Pingxi area, parametamorphic rock, reservoir, rock type, pore throat characteristics, reservoir formation, reservoir distribution

The dominant factors controlling development of microfractures in the black shale and the origin of microfractures in the sweet spot intervals were discussed of the Ordovician Wufeng Formation−Silurian Longmaxi Formation in Shuanghe outcrop profile, Changning, Sichuan Basin. For the target interval, holographic photograph statistics of microscopic composition of 203 big thin sections and 203 small thin sections, TOC content of 110 samples, 110 whole rock X-ray composition, and main trace elements of 103 samples were tested and analyzed. The results show that the microfractures include bedding microfractures and non-bedding microfractures. The bedding microfractures are mostly plane slip microfractures, lamellation microfractures and echelon microfractures. The non-bedding microfractures are largely shear microfractures and tension microfractures. Vertically, the density of microfractures is the highest in SLM1 Member of Longmaxi Formation, decreases from SLM2 Member to SLM5 Member gradually, and drops to the lowest in Wufeng Formation. The microfracture density is positively correlated with siliceous content and negatively correlated with the carbonate content. The finer the grain size of the black shale, the higher the density of the microfractures is. The microfracture density is controlled by biogenic silicon: the higher the content of biogenic silicon, the higher the microfracture density is. Under the effect of ground stress, microfractures appear first in the lamellar interfaces. Regional tectonic movements are the key factor causing the formation of microfractures in the sweet spot interval, diagenetic contraction is the main driving force for lamellation fractures, and the pressurization due to hydrocarbon generation is the major reason for the large-scale development of microcracks. Key words: microfracture, TOC content, lamina, lithology, black shale, Silurian Longmaxi Formation, Ordovician Wufeng Formation, Sichuan Basin

The shale gas enrichment pattern of Well Wuxi-2 in northeast Chongqing was studied, based on the data of the drilling, graptolite biostratigraphy, geochemistry, rock minerals, microscopic characteristics of reservoir beds and tectonic conditions, etc. The organic-rich shale of Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation—Lower Silurian Lungmachi Formation is 89.8 m thick in Well WX-2. The graptolite biozonations are completely developed in this well, and the organic-rich shale intervals extend upward from the late Katian of the Ordovician to the early Telychian of the Lower Silurian. The deposition time of the organic-rich shale is far longer and the thickness is larger than those in other areas of the Sichuan Basin. The highest measured gas content exceeded 8 m3/t in Well WX-2, and the gas content is mainly controlled by TOC. The organic nano-pores are the main storage space, and the minerals contribute less to the storage space. The organic pores larger than 50 nm are well-developed and those less than 10 nm are the main reservoir space of adsorbed gas. The target intervals of Well WX-2 are located under the neutral surface of compressional Tianba anticline. Two vertical fracture (cleavage) development zones, which are beneficial for shale gas storage and complex fracture network formation during later fracturing, were formed in brittle layers of this organic-rich shale. Compressional faults existed in two limbs of the Tianba anticline, with non-permeable shale developing on both sides of fault planes and development of clay smear, which shows that the faults have good sealing properties, and are favorable for shale gas preservation. Thus the good match between the above various accumulation conditions forms the “tectonic sweet-spot” of shale gas in this study area. Key words: Well WX-2, shale gas, graptolite biostratigraphy, organic pore, tectonic sweet-spot, enrichment pattern

The paper analyzed existed problems in starting mode, operation mode and interlocking system of electrical system of belt conveyor of one old type mineral preparation plant, and introduced concrete solving methods used in reformed electrical system of belt conveyor at the three aspects. The actual application showed that the reformed electrical system of belt conveyor runs stably and reliably.

This article analyzes the blanket production and market status quo in details, and researches into the development trend of China's domestic market for blankets, with a focus on the blanket function innovation as well as the development of blanket diversities and with constructive proposals for the blanket enterprises' development. Regarding the technical innovation strength, the independent brand building, high-end market expansion, information system construction, organizational comprehensive management and blanket enterprise alliance establishment for technology innovation activities. The paper may serve as a spur to promote a healthy and sustainable development of the whole blanket industry in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional measurement method of skull and craniofacial similarity has some disadvantages, such as discrete point correspondence, the errors caused by curve fitting and the problem of manual intervention and so on. In order to overcome those problems, this paper proposed the measure method based on resampling and DFT (discrete Fourier transform) of contour pixel. This paper first used Canny operator and sliding window method for edge detection and boundary tracking. Secondly, it took resampling on a pair of contour extracted from the edge of mandibular of skull and craniofacial image. Then it employed normalizing and discrete Fourier transform, measured the similarity of this pair of Fourier descriptor. Finally, it got a measurement value of determining similarity. Experimental results show that the method achieves a precise effect, has lower algorithm complexity, realizes automatical evaluation process and lays a foundation for skull-photo superimposition of identity authentication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To compare the clinical effects of fenestration and decompression technique, suction drainage and curettage for odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaws bones. METHODS: Odontogenic cystic lesions of jaw bones with a maximum diameter bigger than 3.5 cm were served as group one, and subdivided into group A (fenestration and decompression technique) and group B (suction drainage) according to the patients' desire. The lesions with a maximum diameter less than 3.5 cm were served as group two, and subdivided into group A (fenestration and decompression technique) and group B (curettage) according to the patients' desire. The evaluation for group one and two was done by measuring the cystic lesion during the treatment and comparing the speed of the reduction of the cystic area by panoramic view. Statistical analysis was performed after quantification for the lesions reduction using SPSS 11.0 software package. RESULTS: The healing of cystic cavity was good both in group A and group B of group one. After 6 months, the percentage of the reduction for the lesion volume was 63.66% and 83.52 %, respectively; the percentage of the reduction for the lesion area was 65.86% and 88.65 %. There was significant difference between them (P<0.05). In group B (surgery alone) of group two, after 6 months, the jaw bone had normal shape and the efficiency was 100%. In group A of group two, the efficiency was 60%. CONCLUSIONS: Suction drainage had a better effect for big jaw cystic lesions than fenestration and decompression technique. It is worthy of wide application. Surgical curettage is applicable to small odontogenic cystic lesions of the jaw bones. Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2011BS1102). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the monitoring status of large-scale equipment in industrial environment, the architecture and node configuration of wireless sensor networks are optimized. The nodes are classified into three types with different power dissipation and functionality in order to prolong the survival time of the whole network. A new type of wireless sensor network with super-cluster head cooperative architecture is proposed based on analyzing the characteristics of wireless channel around the large-scale equipment. Simulation results show that the connectivity and survival time of the new network are superior to the traditional wireless sensor networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between clinical pathological type, modes of operation and prognosis of ameloblastoma. METHODS: One hundred cases of ameloblastoma were retrospectively analyzed based on their clinical pathological types, modes of operation and prognosis. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis (SAS 9.13 software package). RESULTS: Unicystic type often occurred in teenagers. Among 100 cases, the recurrence of unicystic type was 7.69%(3/39), compared with peripheral type of 40.00%(2/5) and common type of 57.14%(32/56)(P<0.05). Among 29 cases treated with decompression, 8 cases had recurrence, 24 had recurrence treated curettage, 3 cases had recurrence treated with partial resection, and 2 cases had recurrence treated with radical resection. Significant difference was found among three modes of operation. Modes of operation should be chosen based on the age and clinic pathological type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the mitigating effects of exogenous melatonin on salt-alkali stress in cucumber, we mea-sured photosynthetic characteristics and osmoregulatory substance content of cucumber leaves under salt-alkali stress, using 'Xinchun 4' cucumber as the test material and a salt-alkali complex (NaCl:Na 2 SO 4 :Na 2 CO 3 :NaHCO 3 = 1:9:1:9) to simulate stress. The results showed that compared with the normal seedlings, the exogenous application of 10 μmol·L -1 melatonin significantly increased the contents of chlorophyll, soluble sugar, and soluble protein, as well as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosystem Ⅱ maximum photochemical efficiency, actual photochemical efficiency, apparent photosynthetic electron transfer rate, and photochemical burst coefficient of cucumber seedlings under 40 mmol·L -1 salt-alkali stress, but decreased intercellular CO 2 concentration, non-photochemical burst coefficient, and sucrose, fructose, starch, and proline contents by 11.1%, 13.8%, 12.7%, 27.5%, 1.3% and 32.8%, respectively. Moreover, the activities of key enzymes for carbon assimilation (including ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate esterase) were significantly increased, whereas the mRNA expression levels of Rubisco subunits ( CsrbcS and CsrbcL ), CsFBA , CsRCA , CsFBPase and CsTK were downregulated. In conclusion, exogenous melatonin could increase the contents of chlorophyll and osmoregulatory substance, photosynthetic chemical efficiency, and key carbon assimilation enzyme activities of cucumber seedlings under salt-alkali stress, thereby enhance photosynthetic capacity and reduce the stress-induced plant damage. The results would provide theoretical basis for anti-saline plant cultivation.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of modified scene simulation teaching of endodontics in pre-clinical teaching., Methods: Forty students were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group, there were 20 students in each group. Students in the experimental group were taught with modified scene simulation teaching method, while students in the control group were taught with traditional teaching method. The teaching quality was compared with SPSS 18.0 software package., Results: The score of the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in history taking, medical records writing and practical performance(P<0.05)., Conclusions: The teaching effect of modified scene simulation teaching in pre-clinical teaching is better than traditional teaching method. It makes students better grasp the clinical medical essentials and feels the patient's feelings, as well as help the students to improve their subjective initiative of learning.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential nutrition risk and analyze relative factors in patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer, and explore the treatment method of nutrition risk., Methods: Eighty eight patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer were included in the present study. Their age, height, weight, clinical classification, level of hemoglobin、albumin and prealbumin，present treatment were recorded and patients' body weight index (BMI) was calculated and scored based on a table of nutrition risk evaluation. The data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software package., Results: In 88 cases of patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer, 18 patients had malnutrition (BMI<18.5 kg/m 2 ), accounting for 20.45%; 49 patients had nutrition risk (NRS2000≥3 points), accounting for 55.68%., Conclusions: Patients with oral and maxillofacial cancer had high nutrition risk. The older the age, the higher the nutrition risk will be. Anemia, low albumin and low prealbumin will increase the incidence of nutrition risks.

Objective: To compare the outcomes of in-vitro maturation (IVM) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) after early follicular phase gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) down-regulation in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)., Methods: From July 2010 to December 2012, 72 infertile patients with PCOS undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment in the Affiliated First Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups, which were patients with early follicular phase down-regulation IVM (36 cases) at IVM group and early follicular phase down-regulation long protocol IVF (36 cases) at IVF group. The laboratory parameters and clinical outcomes were compared between two groups., Results: (1) Lab parameters: a total of 442 oocytes were retrieved in group IVM, and 560 were in group IVF. The rate of mature oocytes of 83.8% (469/560) and high-quality embryos of 70.9% (212/299) at group IVF were significantly higher than that of group IVM[54.1% (239/442) and 50.7% (73/144), retrospectively, P < 0.01]. In group IVM, the average duration of gonadotropin (Gn) was (2.8 ± 1.5) days and the average dosage of Gn was (285 ± 169) U, which were significantly lower than (11.0 ± 1.0) days and (1499 ± 165) U in group IVF (P < 0.01). The mean number of oocytes retrieved 12.8 ± 2.5, fertilization rate of 64.8% (155/239), and implantation rate of 31% (23/74) in group IVM and 15.6 ± 3.1, 65.5% (307/469), 31% (23/74) in group IVF, which did not reach statistical difference (P > 0.05) . (2) Clinical outcomes: the clinical pregnancy rate (17/31, 55%) of IVF group was not significantly higher than that 44% (14/32) at IVM group (P > 0.05). The abortion rate was 1/17 at Group IVF and 1/14 in group IVM, which did not show statistical difference. Women at IVM group has no ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS) cycle, group IVF has 31% (11/36) cycles presented moderate and severe OHSS., Conclusions: Infertile patients with PCOS undergoing IVM and IVF treatment after early follicular phase GnRH-a down-regulation can get satisfactory laboratory and clinical outcome. In addition to short treatment cycle, IVM can also avoid the occurrence of OHSS completely, but it has a rising trend in the abortion rate. IVF has a high incidence of OHSS, meanwhile, it increases the dosage of gonadotropins.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the distributions and relevance of Th1 and Th17 cells (IL-17-producing CD(+)(4) T cell), and the differentiation of Th17 cells in tuberculous pleural effusion., Methods: The percentages of both Th1 and Th17 cells in tuberculous pleural effusion and peripheral blood from 30 patients [male/female 12/18, age 16 - 63 years (average 41.2 year)] with tuberculous pleurisy were determined by flow cytometry, and comparison was made using Student's t test. The regulations of different combinations of IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-12 on differentiation of Th17 cells were explored. Comparisons of the data between different groups were performed using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance on ranks., Results: Both Th1 [(39 ± 11)% vs (8 ± 3)%; t = 17.37, P < 0.05] and Th17 cells [(2.8 ± 0.9)% vs (0.7 ± 0.3)%; t = 14.78, P < 0.05] were significantly increased in tuberculous pleural effusion compared with peripheral blood. The proportions of Th17 cells were correlated positively with those of Th1 cells both in tuberculous pleural effusion and in peripheral blood (r = 0.61, 0.49, respectively; both P < 0.05). IL-1β or IL-6 promoted the differentiation of Th17 cells, and their combination resulted in further increase of the differentiation of Th17 cells, while IFN-γ and IL-12 reduced the percentages of Th17 cells. Moreover, these two cytokines significantly impaired the promotive effect induced by IL-1β plus IL-6., Conclusion: This study showed that Th1/Th17 balance existed in tuberculous pleural effusion, and was mainly due to the generation and differentiation of Th17 cells induced by IL-1β and IL-6, but reversed by IFN-γ and IL-12 in tuberculous pleural effusion.

Objective: To study the condition of culture in vitro and plant regeneration of Panax japonicus., Methods: Embryos, stems and leaves of P. japonicus were used as explants, effects of different hormones for callus induction and plant regeneration were studied and optimized., Results: The optimal way to obtain sterile explant for seeds was sterilized in 75% ethyl alcohol for 60 s then 0.1% HgCL2 for 12 min; Stems and leaves were sterilized in 75% ethyl alcohol for 15 s then 5% NaClO for 5 min. Used MS as basic medium, the optimal hormones combination for callus induction of embryos, stems and leaves were MS + 1.5 mg/L NAA + 1.5 mg/L 2, 4-D + 0.1 mg/L KT; MS + 1.5 mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.1 mg/L KT; MS + 1.5 mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.2 mg/L KT respectindy under the illumination. But under the darkness,the optimal callus induction hormones combination for embryos leaves were MS + 1.0 mg/L NAA + 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D +0.2 mg/L KT; 1.5 mg/L NAA + 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.1 mg/L KT; MS + 1.5 mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D + 0.1 mg/L KT respectivety. The optimal medium for germination was MS + 3.0 mg/L 6-BA + 1.0 mg/L GA3. The optimal medium for roots generation was MS + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA + 3.0 mg/L IBA., Conclusion: We establish the system of culture in vitro and plant regeneration for P. japonicus.

Objective: To investigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathway in SiO(2)-induced plasminogen activators inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) protein expression in human lung epithelial cells A549., Methods: A549 cells were cultured and then stimulated with 200 microg/ml SiO(2) for 0 approximately 24 h. To prevent AP-1 activity, Curcumin was added into culture medium before incubating with SiO(2) and transient TAM-67 transfection was performed. In addition, PD98059 was pretreated with cells to prevent ERK activity. The PAI-1 protein expression and ERK activity were evaluated by Western blot. The AP-1 DNA binding activity was tested by EMSA., Results: (1) At 4, 8 and 16 h after exposure to SiO(2), the fold change of AP-1 DNA binding activity (relative to the control group) were 1.3, 1.3, and 2.1, respectively (P < 0.05). 10, 25, 50 micromol/L Curcumin inhibited SiO(2)-induced PAI-1 protein expression (inhibition ratio: 20%, 63%, 65%; P < 0.05). TAM-67 downregulated SiO(2)-induced PAI-1 protein expression (inhibition ratio: 59%, P < 0.05). (2) SiO(2) activated ERK and PD98059 downregulated SiO(2)-induced PAI-1 protein expression (inhibition ratio: 51%, P < 0.05). (3) PD98059 downregulated SiO(2)-induced AP-1 DNA binding activity (inhibition ratio: 73%, P < 0.05)., Conclusion: ERK/AP-1 signaling pathway is responsible for SiO(2)-induced PAI-1 protein expression.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of transfection with a mutant IkappaBalpha gene (mIkappaBalpha) in enhancing the radiosensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells., Methods: The hepatocellular carcinoma Hep G2 cells were divided into 3 group and transfected with the adenovirus containing mIkappaBalpha vector (Ad-mIkappaBalpha group), Ad vector (Adv group), or without treatment (parental control cells). Before and after irradiation of the cells with 6 Gy high-energy X ray, Western blotting was performed to measure the expression level of IkappaBalpha in the cytoplasm, and electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) carried out to evaluate the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF- kappa;B) activity in the cell nuclei, with the cell apoptosis detected using TUNEL assay. The radiosensitivity of the HepG2 cells were determined by comparison between the 3 groups in term of the surviving cell fractions (SF2) after 2-Gy X-ray exposure, and of the Do and Dq values obtained using the single-hit multi target model., Results: Before the X-ray exposure, the Hep G2 cells in Adv group and the control group showed low levels of IkappaBalpha absorbance in the cytoplasm, which were further decreased after the exposure. The NF-kappaB activity in the nuclei of the cells in the two groups was positive (+) before irradiation, and substantially enhanced (++) after the exposure and maintained the stably activated state. The apoptotic index of the cells in the two groups was 1.4 and 1.6 before irradiation, and increased to 8.9 and 11.7 after the irradiation, respectively. The cells in the Ad-mIkappaBalpha group, however, exhibited high levels of IkappaBalpha absorbance either before or after the irradiation, which were approximately 3 times that of the Adv group, but the NF-kappaB activity remained negative irrespective of the irradiation. The apoptotic index of the cells in the Ad-mIkappaBalpha group was 18.2 before irradiation, was increased to 88.3 after the irradiation. Among the 3 groups, Ad-mIkappaBalpha group had the smallest SF(2) value of 0.301 but the highest sensitivity enhancement ratio (SER) of2.99, with the lowest Do and Dq values (1.468 and 0.709, respectively)., Conclusion: mIkappaBalpha gene transfection into HepG2 cells inhibits the anti-apoptotic activity of NF-kappaB to enhance the radiosensitivity of the cells.

Objective: To investigate the role of AP-1 in the secretion of Type I collagen in TGF-beta1-stimulated human lung fibroblasts., Methods: Human lung fibroblasts cell line (HLF-02) was cultured, and then stimulated with 10 microg/L TGF-beta1 at different time points. Curcumin was added into the culture medium to inhibit the AP-1 activity before incubating with TGF-beta1. AP-1 DNA binding activity was assayed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), and the expression of Type I collagen was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR., Results: TGF-beta1 could induce the transcription and secretion of Type I collagen in HLF-02 cells(P<0.05). TGF-beta1 could upregulate the AP-1 DNA binding activity ( P<0.05). Curcumin ( 5, 10, 15, and 20 micromol/L) could inhibit the AP-1 DNA binding activity in TGF-beta1-stimulated cells (the inhibition ratio was 17.1%, 17.6%, 24.2%, and 31.3%; P<0.05). Curcumin (5, 10, 15, and 20 micromol/L) could also inhibit the secretion of Type I collagen significantly (the inhibition ratio was 62.1%, 58.8%, 62.1%, and 59.6%; P<0.05)., Conclusion: AP-1 is responsible for the secretion of TGF-beta1-induced Type I collagen in human lung fibroblasts.

Objective: To observe the pathological changes and investigate the correlation of hepatocyte apoptosis with cytochrome P450 2E1(CYP2E1) expression and oxygen free radical in alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in rat., Methods: 40% ethanol in the dose of 8 g/kg body weight was given to rats by gavage twice daily for 8 weeks in model group (n=37), and rats in control group (n=33) received same volume of saline by gavage. At the end of the 8th week, the contents of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were determined. The pathological changes in the liver was observed under light microscope with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and hepatocyte apoptosis was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP biotin nick and labeling (TUNEL) method. Expression of serum CYP2E1 was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum were detected by thibabituric acid (TBA) quantifying method., Results: The TUNEL positive cells were located around the central vein, and spotty and focal necrosis was found in the ALD group. The apoptotic index (AI) in the ALD group was significantly higher than in the control group (P<0.05). To express in CYP2E1, the allelic frequency of c1 and c2 were 91.65%, and 8.35% respectively, in control group, while the allelic frequency of c1 and c2 were 53.35% and 46.65%, respectively, in ALD group, and there were significantly differences between two groups (all P<0.05). The content of MDA in serum had positive correlation with hepatocyte apoptosis index (MDA vs. AI, r( MDA ) =0.644), and the activity of SOD in serum had negative correlation with AI (SOD vs. AI, r( SOD ) =-0.511, all P<0.05) in the ALD group, and there was negative correlation between MDA and SOD (r=-0.582, P<0.05)., Conclusion: Chronic alcohol administration induced alcoholic liver disease and liver dysfunction, and hepatocyte apoptosis is enhanced. Rsa I and Pst I RFLPs are related with ALD in model rats, and c2 gene might be related with the development of ALD. The content of MDA and activity of SOD play an important role in the process of hepatocyte apoptosis and lipid peroxidation process.

Objective: To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of radiation-induced liver injury following three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy., Methods: A retrospective review of the MRI data was conducted in 20 patients treated between September 2000 and October 2005, who suffered liver injuries induced by 1 or 2 three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy sessions for liver neoplasm. The patients underwent MR scans with T2-weighted sequences and T1-weighted sequences in both plain and Gd-DTPA enhanced MRI. Four patients with suspected tumor relapse suggested by MRI were pathologically confirmed to have radiation-induced liver injury., Results: Acute radiation-induced liver injury was represented by large patches of liver edema consistent with the irradiation volume, showing low signal intensity on T1-weighted images (T1WI) and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (T2WI) without arterial phase enhancement after Gd-DTPA injection. Delayed radiation-induced liver injury was manifested by slightly low-intensity signal on plain T1WI and slightly high-intensity signal on T2WI without obvious arterial phase enhancement following Gd-DTPA injection but with marked enhancement during the portal-venous and delayed phases., Conclusion: Radiation-induced liver injury presents characteristic MRI features, and plain and dynamic enhanced MRI can be of great value for its diagnosis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of SiO(2) on the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in human lung fibroblasts in vitro and vivo., Methods: The experimental group comprised 32 rats while 32 rats were included in the control. In vivo, the expression of alpha-SMA in lung tissues of rats exposed to SiO(2), the supernate of RAW264.7 cells, SiO(2) and the growth factor beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) were investigated, respectively., Results: (1) alpha-SMA positive myofibroblasts appeared in the lung tissues of the 28th day groups exposed to SiO(2). (2) The expression of alpha-SMA in HLF-02 cells was unregulated by TGF-beta(1) and supernate of RAW264.7 cells exposed to SiO(2). (3) The expression of alpha-SMA in HLF-02 cells was not induced by SiO(2)., Conclusion: Myofibroblasts related to silicosis, and the appearance of myofibroblasts (in vitro) are independent on direct stimulation by SiO(2), but related to the mediator (TGF-beta(1)) secreted by SiO(2) stimulated macrophages.

Purpose: This study was designed to explore the method for increasing the target-specific action of anticancer agent in treating tongue squamous cell carcinoma., Methods: 30 purebred New Zealand rabbits burdened with tongue squamous cell carcinoma were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A was treated with adriamycin and group B treated with adriamycin nanoparticles, with 15 animals in each group. The adriamycin and poly (buty1-2-cyanoacrylate)-adriamycin nanoparticles (mean diameter 93.1 nm+/-11.7 nm) with 1 mg/ml in concentration were administered respectively to subjects through super-selective lingual arterial tuber. The dose was 2 mg/kg for each group. 1, 5 and 15 hours after administration, 5 subjects were sacrificed and the tongue, carcinoma in tongue tissue, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and plasma were examined through high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to identify the drug concentration. The data then underwent Student's t test., Results: The drug concentration in the tongue and carcinoma in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (P<0.01). The drug concentration in heart, liver, spleen, kidney and plasma of group B were significantly lower than those of group A (P<0.01)., Conclusion: The super-selective lingual arterial administration of adriamycin nanoparticles can reinforce the target-specific action of anticancer agent, increase the drug concentration within the lesion and decrease it in non-specific organs.

Objective: To investigate the role of TGF-beta(1)/MAPK signaling pathways in the expression of type I collagen and activity of MMP-2, 9 in human lung fibroblasts., Methods: Human lung fibroblasts cell line (HLF-02) was cultured and and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml TGF-beta(1) for different time; SB203580 or PD98059 was added into culture medium to block p38 or ERK kinase pathway before incubated with TGF-beta(1); the expression of type I collagen was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR; zymogram analysis was used to analyze the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9., Results: (1) In the process of stimulation by TGF-beta(1), the type I collagen mRNA level of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h group was: 1.33 +/- 0.07, 2.46 +/- 0.09 and 2.39 +/- 0.08 respectively; and the type I collagen protein level of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h group was: 114.89 +/- 8.95, 208.16 +/- 6.75 and 211.46 +/- 8.05 respectively; and the activity of MMP-2 of 24 h, 48 h and 72 h group was: 190.33 +/- 5.86, 214.33 +/- 8.39 and 212.67 +/- 11.59 respectively. (2) SB203580 significantly inhibited the TGF-beta(1)-induced expression of type I collagen mRNA, protein and MMP-2 activity (inhibition ratio: 51%, 24% and 20%); (3) PD98059 also significantly attenuated the TGF-beta(1)-induced expression of type I collagen mRNA, protein and MMP-2 activity (inhibition ratio: 42%, 13% and 16%)., Conclusion: TGF-beta(1) is capable of inducing the expression of type I collagen mRNA and protein and up-regulating MMP-2 activity in HLF-02 cells. p38 and ERK kinase signaling pathways play important role in regulation and control for this process.

Objective: To investigate the role of MAPK signal transduction in TGF-beta1 induced phenotypic differentiation of human lung fibroblasts., Method: Human lung fibroblasts cell line (HLF-02) were cultured and then stimulated with 10 ng/ml TGF-beta1 for different time; SB203580 or PD98059 was added into culture medium to prevent p38 or Erk kinase pathway before incubating with TGF-beta1; the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR; Western blotting was used to assay phosphorylation of p38, Erk, and JNK kinase., Results: (1) In the process of stimulation by TGF-beta1, the alpha-SMA mRNA expression levels of 24, 48 and 72 h groups were 1.87 +/- 0.11, 2.49 +/- 0.10, 3.02 +/- 0.15 respectively; and the alpha-SMA protein expression levels of 24, 48 and 72 h groups were 3.20 +/- 0.14, 3.96 +/- 0.21, 4.57 +/- 0.13 respectively. (2) TGF-beta1 induced p38, Erk kinase phosphorylation but not JNK kinase. (3) The inhibitors SB203580 and PD98059 suppressed TGF-beta1-induced p38 kinase and Erk phosphorylation respectively. (4) SB203580 significantly attenuated TGF-beta1-induced alpha-SMA mRNA and protein expression (inhibition rate: 30% and 40%); PD98059 also significantly inhibited TGF-beta1-induced alpha-SMA mRNA and protein expression (inhibition rate: 10% and 20%)., Conclusion: TGF-beta1 is capable of inducing the phenotypic differentiation of HLF-02, which is regulated by p38 and Erk kinase signal pathway.

Objective: To develop a rapid and efficient method for preparing recombinant adenovirus containing human mIkappaBalpha gene by homogenous recombination in E.coli. and detect its expression in Hep G2 cells., Methods: The mIkappaBalpha gene was cloned into the shuttle plasmid pAdTrack-CMV containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene, followed by linearization of the resultant plasmid pAdTrack-CMV- mIkappaBalpha by Pme I digestion and subsequent cotransformation into E.coli BJ5183 cells along with an adenoviral backbone plasmid pAdEasy-1. The recombinant plasmid pAd- mIkappaBalpha was selected for kanamycin resistance and confirmed by multiple restriction endonuclease analyses. Finally, the linearized recombinant plasmid was transfected into 293 cells, in which Ad- mIkappaBalpha were generated within 7 to 10 days. The virus titer in 293 cells and its infection efficiency in Hep G2 cells were detected and calculated with the aid of GFP expression., Results: PCR indicated that the recombinant adenovirus contained mIkappaBalpha gene and the titer of Ad- mIkappaBalpha was 2.7x10(9) PFU/ml. With a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 10, Ad- mIkappaBalpha could be expressed stably and efficiently in Hep G2 cells and the infection efficiency was 57% at 24 h and 100% at 48 h after transfection., Conclusions: Homogenous recombination in E.coli can efficiently and conveniently construct recombinant adenovirus containing mIkappaBalpha gene capable of amplification in 293 cells and efficient infection of Hep G2 cells. The recombinant adenovirus may serve as a good gene transfer vector for study the function of mIkappaBalpha gene and therapy for hepatocarcinoma.

Objective: To observe the expression of mIkappaBalpha, the inhibitor of NFkappaB, in HepG2 heptocellular carcinoma cells and the inhibitory effect of mIkappaBalpha on HepG2 cell growth., Methods: The adenovirus containing mIkappaBalpha or the packaging vector were harvested from 293 packaging cells to infect HepG2 cells, in which the expression of green fluorescence protein (GFP) and mIkappaBalpha protein were detected. The plating efficiency and colony-forming ability in soft agar were evaluated, cell growth curve was generated and the tumor growth observed in nude mice., Results: HepG2 cells infected by the packaged adenovirus (HepG2/Adv cells) had positive GFP expression, and those infected by the adenovirus containing mIkappaBalpha (HepG2/Ad-mIkappaBalpha cells) showed mIkappaBalpha protein expression, as demonstrated by Western blot analysis. HepG2/Adv cells exhibited markedly lowered colony-forming ability as compared with that of the HepG2/Adv and HepG2 cells, and the latter two cells, but not the former cells, could survive in soft agar and form colonies in the shape of mulberries. Cell growth curve showed that the Hep G2/Ad-mIkappaBalpha cells had also significantly reduced growth rate, but their saturation density in culture was comparable with the other two cells. Four weeks after inoculation in nude mice, HepG2/Ad-mIkappaBalpha and HepG2/Adv cells showed no significant difference in tumorigenicity (80% vs 100%, respectively), but the tumor volume generated by the former cells was significantly smaller (P<0.05)., Conclusion: mIkappaBalpha gene can inhibit the growth of HepG2 heptocellular carcinoma cells.

Objective: To study the expression and localization of early growth response gene-1 (Egr-1) in macrophages after stimulation by silicon dioxide in vivo and in vitro and to discuss the role of Egr-1 in the development of silicosis., Methods: The expression of Egr-1 in animal model of silicosis was analyzed by using immunohistochemistry. Western-blot, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR analysis were used to detect the expression and localization of Egr-1 protein and the dynamic changes of Egr-1 mRNA in cultured macrophages RAW264.7, after stimulation by silicon dioxide., Results: In animal model with induced silicosis, there was an increased expression of Egr-1 in pulmonary macrophages. The expression levels peaked at the 14th day. In vitro, the transcription of Egr-1 increased in RAW264.7 macrophages during 15 to 240 minutes after the administration of silicon dioxide. The response peaked at 15 minutes and diminished to a minimal level at 480 minutes. Nuclear translocation was most apparent at 60 minutes, lasted till 120 minutes and diminished gradually. During the period from 60 to 120 minutes, the expression of Egr-1 protein also reached a peak., Conclusions: Silicon dioxide can activate the nuclear transcription factor Egr-1 in vivo and in vitro in macrophages. Egr-1 may thus play an important pathogenetic role in the development of silicosis.