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In order to analyze the high-temperature Daqu bacterial taxa and their physicochemical properties in Linyi area, Shandong Province, Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology and pure culture technology were used to analyze the bacterial taxa of high-temperature Daqu in Lanling wine, and then the physicochemical indexes were determined by conventional detection methods in this study. Finally, the correlation between bacterial taxa and physicochemical indexes in Daqu was explored. The results showed that the main genera of bacteria in Daqu were Kroppenstedtia, Thermoactinomyces, Saccharopolyspora, Staphylococcus, Rhodococcus, Weissella and Bacillus, et al. Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus coagulans were cultureable dominant bacterial isolates. There was a large difference in saccharification, esterification, alcoholization and liquefaction between the 15 parts of high-temperature Daqu. Kroppenstedtia, Staphylococcus, Leucobacter, Rhodococcus and Weissella were significantly positively correlated with esterification, fermentation, alcoholization, esterification and liquefaction (P

To explore the influence of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) with different pH and available chlorine contents (ACC) on the germination of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), the germination rate was taken as the index, and the germination process of tartary buckwheat sprouts with SAEW was optimized by single factor and response surface experiments. Moreover, to obtain good quality selenium-enriched tartary buckwheat sprouts, the effects of different Na2SeO3 concentrations on tartary buckwheat were studied on the basis of SAEW germination, with the total selenium content and germination rate as indexes. The optimum technological parameters were determined as follows: soaking time 2.3 h, pH6.5, germination temperature 21 ℃ and germination time 108 h. Under these conditions, the germination rate was 84.96%, which was close to the predicted value of the response surface group (85.36%), being 14.3% and 11.71% higher than those of distilled water and tap water groups, respectively. The optimal concentration of Na2SeO3 was 60 mg/L, under which the total selenium content of tartary buckwheat sprouts was 15.5 mg/L, and the germination rate was 85.63%, which were both higher than the predicted and actual values of response surface group. This study provided a theoretical and scientific basis for the development of SAEW and selenium-enriched treatment of tartary buckwheat sprouts.

ObjectivesA new Spar-type floating wind turbine platform design scheme is proposed for a 15 MW floating wind turbine, and its performance is analyzed. MethodsBased on potential flow theory, the frequency domain hydrodynamic calculation of the platform is carried out and the wave loads and motion response characteristics of the platform under different wave directions are analyzed. The blade element momentum method is applied to calculate the aerodynamic load of the impeller and make it equivalent to the wind coefficient in order to calculate the time-domain response of the platform under the combined effect of wind, waves and currents under different working conditions, while also analyzing the force situation of the mooring lines. ResultsThe results show that the heave, roll, and pitch of the platform have peak points at the natural frequency of its motion, and the positions of occurrence are all far from the main energy region of the waves. Under the action of wind, waves and currents, compared to the working conditions, the maximum pitch angle of the platform under extreme conditions is smaller, but the amplitude of maximum surge, heave and mooring tension are greater than the working conditions. ConclusionsThe newly designed Spar-type floating wind turbine platform has good stability and hydrodynamic performance. Under the designed environmental loads, its response and mooring force can meet the requirements of the specifications, ensuring the safety and stability of the wind turbine.

This paper utilizes data on the records of damage to expressways and main roads caused by precipitation in Liaoning Province from 2017 to 2021. It analyzes the temporal and spatial characteristics of damage accidents, calculates the effective rainfall before the occurrence of accidents, and establishes a probability fitting model for road water damage. The results show that precipitation-induced road damage events in Liaoning Province generally occur from May to October, with a peak in July and August. The occurrence of road water damage follows a pattern of gradually delaying from northwest to southeast, and the number of accidents is highly correlated with precipitation. The eastern and western parts of Liaoning are high-incidence areas, with Dandong, Chaoyang, Huludao, and Benxi being the high-incidence areas within the province. Among various methods compared, the fitting effect of the road water damage probability conforms to the Gaussian distribution probability density function. The critical rainfall threshold for disaster in the eastern and southern parts of Liaoning is higher than that in the central and northern parts. Under the same effective rainfall conditions, the risk of road water damage in plain areas is higher than in mountainous and hilly areas. The road water damage situation during a flooding process in Liaoning in 2022 is used for verification, indicating a strong role in flood control guidance.

Crassostrea gigas, also known as Pacific oysters, are economic shellfish with the widest range of cultivation, the highest yield in the world, and the most important type of mariculture shellfish in China. However, many C. gigas have died during summer in coastal areas worldwide in recent decades. In 2008, the mortality rate of C. gigas cultured in France reached 40%–100%. In 2009, the mortality rate of C. gigas in some area of Sanggou Bay reached 51%. In 2019, the mortality rate of the Rushan area reached 50%–90%, with the death peak occurring in middle and late August. There were many reasons for the large-scale death of C. gigas, such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, salinity, disease, food availability, and reproduction levels, among which high temperature was the most important abiotic stress factor. The high temperature in summer disturbed the enzyme metabolism of C. gigas, resulting in slow or impeded growth. Furthermore, the reproduction and spawning of C. gigas caused a large amount of protein consumption, and physical weakness combined with high-temperature stress induced many deaths. Therefore, considering the problems faced by C. gigas culture during high summer temperatures, the introduction of new varieties will increase the economic benefits to the industry.Due to its high sterility, triploid C. gigas has attributes such as a fast growth rate, resilience excellent economic characteristics, and high energy conversion efficiency. In recent years, a certain farmed scale has formed in China, especially in northern coastal areas. There have been many studies on the biological and physiological differences between triploid and diploid C. gigas worldwide, mainly focusing on the differences in growth characteristics, soft tissue components, gonadal development, disease resistance, and gill structure. However, comparisons between triploid and diploid C. gigas feeding, metabolic physiology, energy budget, and carbon budget have not been reported. Focusing on the specific period of high temperatures in summer, this study investigated the feeding and metabolic physiological characteristics of triploid and diploid C. gigas using the field flow method, and compared and analyzed their energy allocation strategies in response to a high-temperature environment. The study provide data support for revealing the physiological differences caused by the ploidy effect of C. gigas in order to assist with evaluating the culture capacity.Triploid and diploid C. gigas were selected as research objects in August 2022 to analyze the differences in feeding and metabolic physiology and energy/carbon allocation strategies during high temperatures in summer. Physiological parameters related to intake and metabolism, such as water filtration rate, absorption efficiency, oxygen consumption rate, and ammonia discharge rate, were determined based on the field flow method in Sanggou Bay, Rongcheng, Shandong Province, and energy allocation and carbon allocation were estimated based on the principle of the energy budget. The results revealed that the water filtration rate and assimilation efficiency of triploid C. gigas were higher than those of diploid C. gigas, but there were no significant differences (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in the oxygen consumption rate and ammonia discharge rate between triploid and diploid C. gigas (P < 0.05). The oxygen consumption rate of triploid C. gigas was significantly lower than that of diploid C. gigas (P < 0.05), but ammonia discharge rate was significantly higher than that of diploid C. gigas (P < 0.01). The results of the energy and carbon budget analyses showed that the feeding energy/carbon and assimilation energy/carbon values of triploid C. gigas were higher than those of diploid C. gigas, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in respiratory energy/carbon, excretion energy/carbon, and growth power between triploid and diploid C. gigas (P < 0.05). Respiratory energy/carbon values of triploid C. gigas were significantly lower than those of diploid C. gigas (P < 0.05), but excretion energy/carbon and growth power values were significantly higher than those of diploid C. gigas (P < 0.05). The oxygen/nitrogen ratio of triploid and diploid C. gigas fluctuated in the range of 7.91–14.11 and 59.81–94.19, respectively. Moreover, the main energy supply substances of triploid C. gigas were proteins, while the main energy supply substances of diploid C. gigas were carbohydrates and fats. These results revealed the differences in energy allocation patterns associated with the ploidy effect of C. gigas during high temperatures in summer.From the perspective of individual physiology and ecology, this study found that, compared with diploid C. gigas, triploid C. gigas showed certain advantages in energy allocation strategies by adjusting feeding and metabolic physiological behaviors during the high-temperature summer. However, the internal molecular mechanism of response strategies adopted by triploid C. gigas to cope with an adverse environment is still unclear. Further interpretation at the molecular level needs to be combined with omics and other systems biology techniques.

The development of coal seam wind oxidation zone has a huge impact on the production organization and safe mining of coal mines. This paper focuses on the technical difficulties in delineating the coal seam wind oxidation zone in the eastern uplift zone of Junggar Coalfield, and studies the feasibility of using transient electromagnetic method to explore the coal seam wind oxidation zone. Firstly, the electrical resistivity logging curves of normal strata and coal seam wind oxidation areas in the research area were analyzed, and the differences in electrical properties between normal areas and coal seam wind oxidation areas were summarized. A geoelectric model of coal seam wind oxidation areas was constructed based on the electrical resistivity logging curves; then, MAXWELL software was used to numerically simulate the transient electromagnetic response of the theoretical model. It was found that the resistivity cross-section of the transient electromagnetic inversion in the coal seam wind oxidation zone exhibited abnormal characteristics of shallow low resistance layer thickening and reduced low resistance anomaly amplitude, which can be used to delineate the distribution range of the coal seam wind oxidation zone; finally, based on numerical simulation, on-site experiments were conducted in the Chuancao Gedan Coal Mine. Combined with drilling conditions, the experimental data were analyzed from the perspectives of transient electromagnetic inversion resistivity cross-section and plane. The results showed that the transient electromagnetic method is feasible for detecting and dividing wind oxidation zones.

Previous studies on the susceptibility assessment of regional landslides mainly focused on comparing and improving the results of different evaluation models, while neglected the preservation of information on selected disaster-causing factors and the issue of how to unify factor dimensions. To explore the correlation and dimensionality of disaster causing-factors and their impact on susceptibility assessment, this study selected 12 factors such as elevation, slope, aspect, and terrain undulation, and used new factors extracted from principal component analysis in susceptibility assessment in the northern Jingyuan County. Data standardization, landslide density, and information quantity substitution methods were used to unify the dimensionality of disaster-causing factors. The landslide susceptibility zoning map was drawn based on the GIS platform in the study area. The accuracy of the susceptibility assessment of each mode was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve. The results show that among the information model, the logistic regression model, and the perceptron model, the accuracy of the model evaluation obtained by the factors processed by principal component analysis is the highest. Using the information value substitution method to unify the dimensions of factors can further improve the accuracy of the evaluation of the logistic regression model and the perceptron model. The perceptron model has the highest accuracy (AUC=0.936 7), which is superior to the information model (AUC=0.917 3) and the logistic regression model (AUC=0.927 2). This is an ideal model for the landslide susceptibility assessment in the study area and should be given priority. The results can provide the basic theoretical information for disaster prevention and mitigation in similar areas.

In underground rock engineering, the liquid-filled rock joints are inevitably subjected to dynamic disturbances such as earthquakes and blasting. The fluidity of liquids leads to distinct spatial distribution patterns within inclined joints under the influence of gravitational forces, while the motion characteristics of liquids are altered upon encountering stress waves. This study aimed to investigate the dynamic response of liquid-filled rock joints with horizontal inclination when subjected to stress wave loading. The rock joint specimens filled with liquid were prepared using the gouged samples of diorite, polymethyl methacrylate tubes, and glycerol. Experimental tests were conducted using a modified Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar testing system on jointed rock specimens filled with liquid. Three influencing factors, namely, the joint matching coefficient (JMC), liquid content, and viscosity, were considered. The dynamic response of liquid-filled joints was analyzed based on the transmitted energy of stress waves and liquid motion. The results indicated that an increase in JMC of the liquid-filled rock joints leads to a higher transmission of stress wave energy. As the fluid content increases, the transmission energy of high-amplitude, low-frequency stress waves shows a monotonic increase, while that of low-amplitude, high-frequency waves initially remains constant, followed by an increase. When the liquid content is 50%, the transmission of stress wave energy decreases with increasing liquid viscosity. However, when the liquid content is 100%, the transmission energy shows a trend of initially decreasing and then increasing with increasing liquid viscosity. At the joint boundaries, the direction of fluid motion is perpendicular to the horizontal joint plane and upward. Both the drainage capacity of the joint and the intensity of fluid motion diminish with increasing fluid viscosity. These findings provide some valuable insights into the interaction mechanism between stress waves and liquid-filled rock joints, contributing to a deeper understanding of this phenomenon.

There are a large number of overlapping coal and natural gas resources in China, and due to the requirement of resource extraction efficiency, a large number of overlapping coal and natural gas resources need to be extracted synchronously in the same time and space, and the traditional coal and natural gas extraction theories and technologies are difficult to meet the technical problems arising from coordinated extraction, and the process of coordinated extraction of coal and natural gas has been seriously constrained. Based on this, a scientific definition of coal and natural gas synergistic mining is made based on the overlapping coal and natural gas resources in China, and the existing coal and natural gas mining technologies and related theories are summarised. We have established the near-field rock mechanics theory of natural gas wells, the coupled damage theory of natural gas near-field surrounding rock, the coupled damage theory of “surrounding rock-cement ring-casing”, and the coupled damage theory of vertical surrounding rock of coal and natural gas synergistic mining, which reveal the coupled damage mechanism of surrounding rock of coal and natural gas synergistic mining, and provide a theoretical basis for the construction of the technology system of coal and natural gas. It provides a theoretical basis for the construction of coal and natural gas technology system. The three technologies of “Coal and Natural Gas Cooperative Mining Technology”, “Coal Mining through Abandoned Wells Technology” and “Natural Gas Near-Field Small Coal Pillar Retention Technology” are proposed, as well as the “Coal and Natural Gas Cooperative Mining Zoning Planning Technology”. Three major systems, namely, “Coal and Natural Gas Cooperative Mining Zoning Planning System”, “Transparent Geological and Production Information Dynamic Monitoring System” and “Coal and Natural Gas Cooperative Zone Safety Monitoring and Evaluation System”, provide technical support for coal and natural gas cooperative mining, and improve the safety of coal and natural gas production. This system provides technical support for the synergistic mining of coal and natural gas and improves the mining efficiency of coal and natural gas resources. On this basis, the theoretical and technological system of coal and natural gas synergistic mining is constructed, the future research focus of coal and natural gas synergistic mining is clarified, and the technological path and research direction for the safe, green and high-efficiency synergistic mining of coal and natural gas resources in China are proposed.

The ecological restoration of mine dump is a major environmental problem faced by open-pit mining, and it is an important factor restricting the construction of green open-pit coal mine. Soil reconstruction is an important step in the ecological restoration of dumps. The northwest coal base, represented by Xinjiang, is characterized by water scarcity and salinization. Soil water and salt migration is a key indicator to determine the success of soil reconstruction. At present, the research focuses on the surface soil reconstruction to improve soil nutrients and promote plant growth. There are few studies on the functional soil reconstruction of water and salt control, and the mechanism of water and salt transportation under different soil reconstruction methods is still unclear. Based on the characteristics of coal resource endowment in Xinjiang, from the perspective of coal circular economy, this study used coal gasification slag (CGS), a by-product of energy and chemical industry, as a reconstruction material. Through a capillary water rising-evaporation experiment, the vertical migration of water and salt and water supply capacity after CGS reconstruction were analyzed. The Van Genuchten model was used to fit the soil water characteristic curve, analyzed the soil water holding capacity after CGS reconstruction, and studied the feasibility of CGS as an aquifer reconstruction material. The red mudstone associated with coal mining was used as the reconstruction material. Through the soil column infiltration evaporation experiment, the water and salt changes at different soil depths after the reconstruction of red mudstone were analyzed, and the feasibility of mudstone as the reconstruction material of aquiclude was studied. The results showed that the CGS reconstruction improved soil texture, optimized pore structure, promoted soil water and salt transport, enhanced capillary action, promoted the upward supply of water in the lower layer, and also increased salt surface accumulation. The reconstruction changed the parameters of soil water characteristic curve, increased θs, decreased a and n, and improved soil water holding capacity. The higher the amount of CGS added, the greater the fine slag content, the more obvious the effect. The CGS was feasible as a material for reconstructing aquifer. The red mudstone had high clay and secondary mineral content, rich pore structure and good physical adsorption. After reconstruction, the soil water content at 0−24 cm depth was higher than that of the control group, and the salt reached the highest value at 20−24 cm after evaporation. The red mudstone effectively blocked the upward movement of salt. Red mudstone was feasible as a material for reconstructing aquifuge. The research explores a suitable soil reconstruction model for the waste dump in western coal base.

Background: To investigate the diagnostic value of computed tomography (CT)-guided aspiration biopsy combined with rapid field evaluation for pulmonary lesions. Methods: The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched systematically for studies related to the diagnosis of lung lesions by CT-guided puncture biopsy combined with a rapid on-site indexed through October 2022. The updated Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool was applied as the main method to assess the risk of bias and applicability of the studies. Meta-analysis software was used to perform heterogeneity tests on the data. Based on the heterogeneity results, the appropriate effect model was selected to calculate the overall sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and to plot the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve, forest plot, and funnel plot. The results of the analysis of six studies (n=951) using a random-effects model showed pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals of 94%, 95%, and 159.05, respectively, with an SROC AUC of 0.98. Further analysis of the four studies that established control groups showed that the sampling adequacy and diagnostic accuracy in the ROSE group were 12% and 13% higher than those in the non-ROSE group. In conclusion, CT-guided puncture biopsy combined with rapid on-site evaluation is a practical and feasible method for diagnosing pulmonary lesions and can be used as an important clinical diagnostic method.

Purposes The low degradation efficiency of anode materials in printing and dyeing wastewater has led to low industrialization process. Methods SnO2-Sb-Co3O4@GF nanocomposite electrode materials with different Co3O4 doping contents were prepared by multiple dipping and thermal decomposition method. The morphology, crystal phase, and surface elements of nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The free radicals produced by electrolysis of water were identified by chemical trapping agent method. Findings The results show that Co3O4 was uniformly doped into SnO2- Sb solid solution, and a nanocrystalline thin layer was formed on the surface of carbon fiber. Among all prepared electrodes, SnO2-Sb-Co1% @GF exhibited small, uniformly distributed, and dense particle size; During the electrolysis of Na2SO4 aqueous solution, the electrode releases a large number of strong oxidizing free radicald such as ·OH, SO4·-, ·O2-, and 1O2, in which 1O2 plays an important role in the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) in wastewater. Conclusions The electrochemical characterizations of linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and AC impedance show that the electrode had the highest exchange current density, voltammetric charge, electrochemical active area, and low AC impedance, showing outstanding catalytic activity of water electrolysis.

Regional geological hazard assessment is an important non-engineering approach for disaster reduction and prevention. Constructing a regional landslide hazard assessment model is of great significance in improving the accuracy of geological hazard evaluation and the efficiency of prevention. This study focuses on the frequent landslide occurrence in the middle reach area of the Dadu River and selects 13 primary factors, including elevation, slope, aspect, seismic parameters, soil type, engineering geological lithology, annual average rainfall, and topographic wetness index (TWI), to establish a primary evaluation index system for landslide hazard. Considering the varying contributions of each factor to landslide formation and the impact of the commonly used weighted raster superposition methods on assessment accuracy, the geographic detector and variable weight raster overlay techniques are introduced, leading to the development of the GDIV model. Using data from 313 landslide hazard points identified in the 2021 geological hazard risk survey at a scale of 1∶50,000 in Sichuan Province, the landslide hazard assessment in the middle reach area of the Dadu River basin is conducted based on the GDIV model，and the evaluation results are compared with those of the LRI model. The results show that the study area is predominantly characterized by middle and lower risk areas, accounting for 78.3% of the total area. The extremely high and high-risk areas are primarily located in the low-elevation regions along the banks of Dadu River, Geshizha River, and Donggu River. Compared to the LRI model, the evaluation results based on the GDIV model exhibit higher accuracy, with an area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of 0.917. The GDIV model proposed in this paper improves the accuracy of regional Landslide hazards assessment, and serves as a valuable reference for similar geological disaster evaluations in other areas.

Objective: To quantitatively analyze and compare the chest computed tomography (CT) imaging features of patients infected with delta and omicron variants of COVID-19 using artificial intelligence (AI). Method: The clinical data of 294 patients infected with the novel coronavirus delta variant diagnosed at the Fourth Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from February 20, 2022 to April 19, 2022 and 222 patients infected with the omicron variant diagnosed at the People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from December 1, 2022 to December 30, 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. CT imaging data were analyzed and divided into delta and omicron groups. Quantitative calculation was performed using deductive predictive pulmonary infection auxiliary diagnostic software, and CT imaging signs and quantitative CT data between groups were compared and analyzed. Results: No statistical significance was noted between the delta and omicron groups in imaging signs, such as ground-glass opacity, ground-glass nodule, cord-like lesion, consolidation, paving stone sign, thickened interlobular septum, and thickened vessels in the lesion. The distribution of lesions along the bronchial vascular bundle was more likely in the omicron than in the delta group. The total lung lesion volume, volume proportion, right middle lobe lesion volume, volume proportion, right inferior lobe lesion volume, and volume proportion in the delta group were higher than those in the omicron group. The proportions of lesions in the delta group in −570 ~ −470 HU, −470 ~ −370 HU, −370 ~ −270 HU, and −270 ~ −170 HU volumes were higher than those in the omicron group. Conclusion: In the early stage of COVID-19, the volume of CT lesions in the patients infected with the delta variant was higher than that in the omicron group, and the distribution of lesions in the omicron group was more likely to have atypical distribution along the bronchial vascular bundle than that in the delta group. The volume and volume proportion of the pneumonia-infected area in patients with COVID-19 were quantitatively evaluated using the AI-assisted diagnosis system for COVID-19 to provide objective reference data for patients' condition assessment.

The objective phenomenon of seepage reduction and self-healing is easy to occur in the mining fractured rock mass after long-term evolution process of coal seam after mining. In survey of this phenomenon, taking the No. 12401 work face of Bulianta Coal Mine and the No. 52306 work face of Daliuta Coal Mine in Shendong as typical test areas, the engineering exploration and theoretical research on the self-healing law in different areas of overburden were carried out. The evolution law of long-term self-healing process of overburden after mining was revealed. The results show that the fractured overburden of the two coal mines had achieved good self-healing effects 15 years and 7.3 years after mining, respectively. The areas with water conduction within the original water-conducting fractured zone have been significantly reduced. Although the caved zone still conducts water, the height has also been reduced. By taking the ratio of the vertical length of the self-healing section in overburden from the original water diversion to the water isolation to the height of the water-conducting fractured zone as the self-healing recovery rate for statistics, it is obtained that the self-healing recovery rate of No. 12401 work face in the overburden near the mining boundary and in the middle of the dip has reached 59.5% and 53.5% respectively, and the self-healing recovery rate of 52306 work face in the corresponding area is 25.8% and 47.5% respectively. Due to that No. 12401 work face has mined for a longer time and has a larger coal seam burial depth, its self-healing effect of fractured overburden is obviously better. Affected by the occurrence difference of different strata in the vertical direction of the overburden and the initial damasge degree in different areas in the horizontal direction, the distribution of the self-healing area is often discrete and discontinuous, in which the interval of the unrepaired area generally corresponds to the position of the key stratum or thick and hard rock layer, and the shorter the post mining life and the closer to the mining boundary, the more significant the dispersion. The self-healing effect of mining fractured rock mass is actually a process of permeability reduction and evolution under the comprehensive influence of multiple factors. For the mining conditions in Shendong coalfield, the residual settlement caused by stress compaction plays a leading role in the initial process within 1.5 to 2 years after coal mining, which is relatively significant in the overburden in the middle of the mining area. Then, the self-healing process has been dominated by the water-rock or water-gas-rock interactions in goaf. That is, the filling and sealing effect of the derivatives produced in the relevant process on the fractures and the roughness reduction of the fracture surface induced by hydraulic erosion directly affect the self-healing results. Therefore, whether there is long-term water seepage in the overburden after mining determines the difficulty of self-healing of fractured rock mass. Water conducting fractures in the overburden of most mines in Shendong are generally directly connected to the Quaternary loose layer or surface, and in recent years, there is abundant rainfall, which provides superior conditions for the generation of water-rock or water-gas-rock interactions and the promotion of self-healing effect.

As concerns over environmental contamination and rapid consumption of fossil fuels continue to grow, it is important for energy storage technology to reduce the intermittency of clean and renewable energy sources. So far, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), commercialized by SONY corporation in 1991, have been the most widely used rechargeable batteries for various energy storage devices. Due to the ever-increasing demand for lithium employment in mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles (EVs), the price of Li resources is rising year by year. It is well known that worthwhile lithium resources are only found in a few countries (mainly in South America). Recently, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been regarded as promising alternatives to LIBs for future large-scale energy storage systems (ESSs) owing to their low cost, abundant reservoirs of Na resources and similar characteristics to LIBs. Developing high-performance cathode materials is crucial to realize the commercialization of the SIB technology. Sodium transition metal oxides (NaxTMO2), especially for Ni–Mn-based compounds, have received significant attention thanks to their high specific capacity and operating voltage. Normally, layered NaxTMO2 materials have two types of crystal structures: P2 and O3, according to the surrounding Na environment and the number of unique oxygen layers occupied within the lattice. Compared with the O3 phase, the P2-type structure has open diffusion channels for the transport of Na+ and relatively rare phase transitions, which make P2-type Na0.67[Ni, Mn]O2 (NNMO) one of the most promising cathodes for SIBs. However, NNMO materials generally suffer from irreversible P2–O2 phase transformations, Na+/vacancy ordering transitions and Jahn–Teller distortion of Mn(III)O6 octahedra, leading to structural deterioration and performance degradation during the charge and discharge processes. In detail, the P2–O2 phase transition inevitably causes significant lattice volume change (~20%) and even the formation of cracks, resulting in the stripping of active substances from the collector and serious capacity decay during cycling. The Na+/vacancy ordering in NNMO causes the multi-step two-phase reactions, which may increase the activation energy barrier for Na+ hops between adjacent prismatic sites, consequently hindering Na+ diffusion. Additionally, the lattice distortion and P2-P’2 phase transition induced by the Jahn–Teller effect also impede Na+ migration, leading to the sluggish kinetics of Na+ (de)intercalation. In this review, the recent progress on NNMO cathodes is summarized, including ion-doping, surface modification and composite structure. The comprehensive and integrated explanation of the structure–function–performance relationship of these optimized cathodes is further presented. Moreover, the existing challenges of NNMO and possible remedies are also discussed. It is expected that this review can provide new insights into the commercialization of NNMO for SIBs.

In China, aquaculture is the primary source of aquatic products due to the decrease in wild fishery resources. In 2018, the total output of aquatic products in China expanded to 47.6 million tons, accounting for 58% of global aquaculture production. Intensive culture methods generally use significant quantities of feed however, approximately 75% of nitrogen in the feed is retained in aquaculture water, mainly as soluble nitrogen, such as ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate (NO3–-N), owing to low feed-utilization rates during cultivation. At the same time, fishes generate a substantial amount of excreta, which will cause the increase of nitrogen compounds in water and negatively affects the quality of aquatic products. Serious problems could occur if nitrogen compounds are discharged into the environment, including the eutrophication of rivers, the deterioration of drinking water sources, and hazards to human health. Furthermore, nitrates can form potentially carcinogenic compounds, such as nitrosamines and nitrosamides, and nitrate consumption can cause methemoglobinemia in infants. The Second National Census of Pollution Sources survey showed that the total nitrogen emission from aquaculture was 99 100 tons in 2017. To protect the environment and human health, it is important to remove nitrogen from aquaculture tailwater before discharging it to the surrounding waters. Biological denitrification is considered the most promising approach since nitrate can be reduced to harmless nitrogen gas by bacteria. A sufficient carbon source is necessary during the heterotrophic denitrification process. To solve the problems mentioned above, external liquid carbon sources such as methanol, acetic acid, and glucose are added to the tailwater, but they are costly, require high-energy, and have high operating requirement. In contrast, agricultural wastes as a carbon source have exhibited significant economic advantages and high efficiency. Many aquaculture tailwater treatment systems often face variations in hydraulic retention times (HRT) and influent nitrate concentration (INC), which are caused by acute changes in tailwater characteristics and production, and HRT and INC often exert a profound effect on the treatment performance of biological treatment systems. Extensive research has confirmed that adding agricultural waste (such as corncob, woodchip and rice straw) to municipal sewage and industrial wastewater can effectively improve denitrification efficiency. However, the effect of using agricultural waste as denitrifying carbon source to treat aquaculture tail water remains unclear. Banana stalk (BS), a typical agricultural waste product, is used as a denitrifying carbon source for the first time in this study. The study investigated the effects of HRT and INC on the denitrification performance of BS, and provided a theoretical basis for the application of agricultural waste in aquaculture tailwater treatment. In this study, using BS as a carbon source and a towel as biological carrier, the performance of solid-phase denitrification under dynamic flow conditions was studied by using a 1-D column experiment. In the HRT optimization experiment, INC was maintained at 50 mg/L and operated under four HRTs (16 h, 20 h, 24 h and 28 h) for 14 days. The effluent NO3–-N, nitrite (NO2–-N), NH4+-N, Total nitrogen (TN), Total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency were measured every 2 days. The optimal HRT of BS-DR (banana stalk-denitrification reactor) was optimized by one-way ANOVA analysis. Then, based on the optimization of HRT, the reactor was operated for 14 days under different INC (75 mg/L, 100 mg/L, and 125 mg/L). The sampling time interval and measurement indexes were the same as those of the HRT optimization experiment. The Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing method was used to sequence and analyze the two hyper-variable regions (V3-V4) of the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria in the initial and final stages of the BS-DR. The results indicated that HRT and INC are the key factors affecting the denitrification performance of BS-DR. There was no significant difference in nitrate removal efficiency when the HRT was 20 h (96.71±1.36)%, 24 h (94.57±4.73)%, and 28 h (99.41±0.64)%, but they were significantly higher than that when the HRT was 16 h (87.53±7.95)%. Therefore, the optimal HRT for BS-DR was 20 h, and no nitrite accumulation. The second set of experiments was conducted using the optimal HRT obtained from the first set of experiments. The effluent nitrate concentration (ENC) and nitrate removal rate (NRR) of BS-DR increased significantly with increase in INC (P < 0.05), and the effluent COD decreased with increase in INC, and the proper INC for BS-DR was ≤50 mg/L. It is worth noting that BS-DR could completely remove NH4+-N in both experiments. In addition, HRT significantly affects the removal efficiency of TP, but INC has little effect. According to pyrosequencing analysis, the microbial community structure of BS-DR changed after long-term operation, with the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Campilobacterota, and Firmicutes increasing to 31.20%, 6.67%, 3.08%, and 4.26%, respectively, ensuring the efficient operation of the reactor. On the contrary, the relative abundances of Halobacterota, Desulfobacterota, Sva0485, Chloroflexi, and Verrucomicrobiota decreased to 10.39%, 5.13%, 2.82%, 2.00%, and 1.17 %, respectively, in the reactor. In addition, at the genus level, most of the dominant bacteria at the end of reactor operation play a role in denitrification and degradation of agricultural waste, which is significantly different from that at the beginning of the reactor operation.

In the long-term evolution process after the development of the water-conducting fractures in overburden, the self-healing phenomenon will occur, in which the water-conducting seepage capacity will gradually decrease. It is of great significance to study the self-healing mechanisms of water-conducting fractures for scientifically guiding the ecological function restoration of groundwater in mining areas. Based on the engineering detection results of self-healing of water-conducting fractures in No. 12401 working face of Bulianta coal mine in 15 years after mining, the mechanisms of repairing and reducing permeability of water-conducting fractures caused by chemical precipitation generated by the mixing of different groundwater from different layers after mining are studied. The results show that the water-conducting fractures in the overburden had directly developed into the Quaternary loose layer, which had connected multiple aquifers in the strata. Due to that the shallow groundwater contains more Ca2+, while the bedrock groundwater contains more CO3 2− and HCO3 −, the CaCO3 precipitation will be produced when the two kinds of groundwater meet and mix in the mining overburden. The sediment migrates with water and is continuously adsorbed on the fracture surface, the scaling process of inclusion co sedimentation consolidation occurs. After a long time of accumulation, the scale or inclusion with certain corrosion resistance is finally formed to plug and repair the fractures. The indoor test shows that the self-healing and permeability reduction effect of the water-conducting fractures caused by this process is stable and rapid. The absolute permeability of the fractured rock specimen is reduced from 0.09×10−15 m2 to 0.0025×10−15 m2 after nearly two months of mixed flow of simulated groundwater with two different water quality, and there is no obvious permeability fluctuation under the condition of 1.5 MPa water pressure. Because the confluence and mixing of different groundwater mainly occur in the fractured rock mass near the mining boundary, the self-healing process of water-conducting fractures and its effect in different areas of overburden will be significantly different. The self-healing of overburden water-conducting fractures in the middle area of No.12401 working face is mainly caused by the water-rock or water-gas-rock interactions caused by rainfall infiltration, while the water-conducting fractures near the mining boundary are dominated by the confluence mixed flow reaction of different groundwater and the water-rock or water-gas-rock interactions, so the self-healing effect of the latter should be obviously better. The field detection results show that after 15 years of self-healing evolution, the water-conducting fractures in the overburden near the mining boundary have been self-repaired in the depth range of 86.7 m to 179.1 m, while the overburden in the middle of the mining area still has local unrepaired phenomena in the corresponding self-healing area, with the depth range of 110.0 m to 118.6 m, which confirms the good repair effect of the chemical precipitation generated by the intersection and mixing of different groundwater.

In the mining of nearly horizontal open-pit coal mines, transportation flat plates are usually arranged on the end-slope. Reciprocating transport operations of large heavy-duty trucks cause significant cyclic loading and unloading effects on the overburden rock, leading to initial damage to the coal rock body. At the same time, the strong impact load generated by large-scale blasting during open-pit mining further deteriorates the mechanical properties of the coal rock body, thereby inducing large area instability of the end-slope. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct experimental research on the dynamic mechanical properties of coal rock under cyclic loading and unloading damage conditions for the stability of the end-slopes and safe mining in open-pit coal mines. The dynamic mechanical properties of coal samples under the initial damage condition of cyclic loading and unloading and their damage and fracture mechanism were systematically analyzed by using the split Hopkinson pressure bar test system and scanning electron microscope test system. The results show that: ① With the increase of the loading strain rate, the dynamic compressive strength and elastic modulus of the coal sample increase rapidly, and the strengthening effect of the strain rate on the mechanical properties of the sample is significant. The dynamic compressive strength and elastic modulus decrease linearly and rapidly as the initial damage increases under the condition of fixed strain rate, indicating that the initial damage weakens the mechanical properties of the coal sample; ② There exist small-scale primary cracks and pore defects in the natural state of the coal samples, and the occurrence of damage leads to the emergence of new cracks and pores inside the coal sample. With the increase of the damage intensity, the defect scale and number gradually increase and expand rapidly, which is the fundamental reason for the weakening of its mechanical properties; ③ The failure mode of the coal sample changes from tension failure to shear failure with the increase of the initial damage and strain rate, and at the same time, its degree of damage, dissipation energy during the failure process, and energy dissipation capacity show a rapid increasing trend; ④The dynamic failure of the damaged coal sample is mainly brittle failure, but under the condition of high initial damage, significant sliding separation and toughness fracture morphology can be observed locally, which is also the main reason for the high energy dissipation capacity of the coal sample under the condition of high initial damage.

The method of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratio analysis in caffeine and amino acids (gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry, GC-C-IRMS) was used to carry out the authenticity certification of Pu'er raw tea in different years. Chemometrics analysis showed that the stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in caffeine and amino acids combined with chemometrics model could effectively distinguish Pu'er raw tea in different years. And the accuracy of prediction and verification were more than 80%, BP-ANN had the best certification performance, whose accuracy of prediction and verification were 100%. Through further screening and identification, three chemical markers of Pu'er raw tea in different production years were obtained, which included δ15NThea、δ13Cglu and δ15NGlu. Therefore, the analysis method of carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in caffeine and amino acids based on GC-C-IRMS could be used to authenticate the authenticity of Pu'er raw tea in different years. This study preliminarily established the index system and technical system of Pu'er tea product certification, which also provided research ideas and method references for other food certification research.

An extremely high sulfate content is one of the main reasons for the deterioration of karst water quality in the Xin′an Spring area. Identifying the source of sulfate is of great significance for fully understanding the hydrogeochemical process in karst water and for the rational development, utilization and protection of karst water resources. In this work, the source of sulfate in karst water from the Xin′an Spring area is identified by sulfur and oxygen isotope. These results show that the sulfate in karst water mainly comes from gypsum dissolution, surface water leakage and pit water infiltration, and gypsum dissolution and mixing with surface water is the majority. This study provides important environmental and hydrogeological information for the protection, rational development and utilization of karst water resources in the study area.

Background At present, the recurrence rate of children with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is relatively high. But there are relatively few studies and most medical staff are not aware of it. Objective A comparative study of children with recurrent and non-recurrent anti-NMDAR encephalitis was conducted to improve clinicians' understanding of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and its recurrence-related factors, in order to provide evidence for individualized treatment of children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and reduce the recurrence rate. Methods The clinical data of 54 hospitalized children diagnosed with anti-NDMAR encephalitis in the Department of Neurology, Hebei Children's Hospita, Hebei Medical University from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the recurrence situation, the children were divided into non-recurrence group and recurrence group. The clinical characteristics of children with anti-NDMAR encephalitis were analyzed, including gender and age distribution, onset time, clinical symptoms and signs, routine examination of cerebrospinal fluid, imaging examination, electroencephalography, immunological examination, treatment and prognosis. The above-mentioned related indicators of the two groups were compared. Results The male-to-female ratio of the 54 children was 1.16∶1, and the school-age group (≥7 years old) accounted for 51.8%; The onset time was higher in summer (June-August) (33.3%) . The clinical symptoms were diverse, and the most common clinical symptom was epilepsy, accounting for 61.1%; 38 cases (70.4%) had abnormal cerebrospinal fluid routine examination results, mainly manifested as increased leukocyte and mildly increased protein in cerebrospinal fluid; MRI examination of brain of 25 children (46.3%) showed abnormal signals, the most common abnormal signal was in the frontal lobe, followed by the basal ganglia and thalamus; 6 cases (11.1%) were given immunoglobulin for ≥2 rounds, and 5 cases (9.3%) were given hormone shock ≥ after 2 rounds, 7 cases (13.0%) received second-line immunotherapy, 31 cases (57.4%) received antiepileptic drugs; 26 cases (48.1%) achieved complete remission. There was no significant difference in gender, age distribution, onset time, cerebrospinal fluid routine examination results, abnormal proportion of brain MRI examination results, video EEG examination results, CD8+T lymphocytes, CD4/CD8, total B lymphocytes, IgA, IgM, IgG, disease course before treatment, proportion of immunoglobulin ≥ 2 rounds, proportion of hormone shock ≥ 2 rounds, proportion of second-line immunotherapy, proportion of antiepileptic drugs, mRS at discharge, and proportion of complete remission between two groups (P>0.05) . The total T lymphocytes and CD4+ T lymphocytes in the recurrence group were lower than those in the non-recurrence group (P

The 35T drive axle is a large-tonnage truck axle. In the process of use，there are some faults，such as shaft head ring seam welding crack，body square to round transition section fracture and body reinforcement crack，which are confirmed by Abaqus finite element analysis to be caused by insufficient strength of axle housing. Through the finite element analysis of rigidity and strength，Fe-safe fatigue life analysis under three road conditions，the analysis of two optimization schemes of machining and cost comparison，the structure of the axle housing is improved. The reliability of finite element analysis process is verified by bench test of axle housing assembly vertical bending stiffness. Through finite element analysis，bench test and market feedback，it is proved that the structure improvement is effective，which has certain guiding and reference significance for similar products.

To solve the problem that a diversity system is difficult to take defense capability, defense cost and quality of service into account at the same time under a single diversity strategy, firstly, the scheduling object selecting sequences under different security levels were constructed based on the measurement of scheduling heterogeneity, executor security and spatial diversity.Then, according to the coarse-grained evaluation of threat environment, the scheduling time and scheduling object were determined comprehensively.Through the realization of the spatio-temporal diversity Web server system in a cloud environment, the proposed scheduling strategy was tested with attack and defense experiments and compared with the existing scheduling strategies.The results show that the proposed scheduling strategy improves the defense capability significantly and maintains a high quality of service within the acceptable defense cost increasing range.

Aiming at the problem of matching and optimization of the power transmission system of two-speed electric vehicles， according to the design parameters and target requirements of the whole vehicle， the power matching of the core components such as the drive motor， power battery， and transmission of the pure electric vehicle is carried out through theoretical calculations， and by using the Cruise simulation software， the vehicle model of the target vehicle is established， and the matching result is simulated and verified. On the premise that the dynamic performance meets the design requirements， in order to further improve the economy， a joint simulation model of Cruise and Isight is built， and an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm （NSGA-Ⅱ） is adopted to optimize the transmission ratio of the transmission system with multiple objectives to achieve the best solution for power and economy. The optimization results show that the power consumption under the optimized NEDC （New european driving cycle） cycle is reduced by 0.38 kWh/100 km， and the economy is increased by 2.4%. The acceleration time of 0~100 km/h is reduced by 0.95 s compared with that before the optimization， and the power performance increased by 7.5%.

In order to study the microstructure evolution of the formed parts in the axial vibration cold extrusion process， the microstructure evolution process of the blank in the axial cold extrusion process is simulated by using the cellular automata method. It is found that the average grain size of internal spline processed by cold extrusion with auxiliary vibration is significantly smaller than that without auxiliary vibration. The effects of vibration frequency，vibration amplitude and extrusion speed on the microstructure of the formed parts are analyzed by orthogonal test. The results of variance analysis show that the vibration amplitude has the most significant influence on the average grain size at the tooth root，and the most significant influence on the grain size at the pitch circle and the top of the tooth is the vibration frequency and extrusion speed， the vibration frequency has the most significant influence on the average grain uniformity at the root and pitch circle of the formed part， and the extrusion speed has the most significant influence on the grain uniformity of the tooth top. The mechanism of the effect of auxiliary vibration parameters on grain refinement is summarized.

This paper investigates the social impacts of the magnitude-6.2 earthquake near the Taiwan strait in 2018. The project team interviewed ordinary residents living in the Dongshan County of Fujian Province in south China on a range of topics，including people’s feelings of earthquake，emergency response and escape from danger，social psychology，and popularization of disaster mitigation and earthquake early warning. The purpose of this paper is to understand how the Dongshan residents avoid danger at the time of emergency and how well anti-seismic and disaster-mitigating knowledge is popularized among them，so as to provide references for conducting targeted publicity in that aspect in the future and enable the public to better fend off the damages of earthquake.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and diagnostic value of scalp video electroencephalography (VEEG) for sleep⁃related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE). Methods Total 32 patients with SHE from May 2014 to January 2020 were collected, and their general clinical data, clinical semiology, interictal electroencephalography (EEG) and onset patterns of ictal EEG were analyzed. Results Ten patients (31.25%) showed abnormal signs on MRI. Patients were categorized according to their semiology patterns (SPs). One patient (3.13%) was classified as SP1 (elementary motor signs), 18 patients (56.25%) as SP2 (unnatural hypermotor movements), 6 patients (18.75%) as SP3 (integrated hypermotor movements), and 7 patients (21.88%) as SP4 (gestural behaviors with high emotional content). The positive finding in interictal and ictal EEG were seen in 81.25% (26/32) and 71.88% (23/32) of patients. EEG onset occured earlier than clinical seizure in 23 patients (71.88%). Among these 23 patients whose scalp EEG started earlier than clinical seizure, 14 patients (43.75%) had focal discharge, 8 patients (25%) had regional discharge, one patient (3.13%) had bilateral/extensive discharge. Among initial scalp EEG patterns with focal and regional discharge, low⁃voltage fast activity was the most common. In addition, 11 patients (34.38%) had EEG epileptiform discharges at the same brain region during the interictal and ictal EEG recording, which were constantly confined to 1 or 2 to 3 adjacent electrodes. Conclusions The rate of positive finding in imaging in patients with SHE is low. However, the symptomatic manifestations are specific. High ⁃ quality VEEG recording and interpretation play an important role in the diagnosis and management of SHE patients. Ictal EEG can provide the necessary lateralization and localization information for preoperative evaluation. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.11.008

Maximize the extent of tumor removal while maximize the preservation of neurological function is the goal of brain tumor surgery. Therefore, brain eloquent functional area mapping of both cortical and subcortical level is the most important procedure during operation. As a new method of noninvasive brain stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) shows its value in neuroscience. Combining with neuronavigation, navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) can localize functional cortices in both brain tumor patients and healthy volunteers noninvasively and accurately. With the help of neuroanatomical structure and brain functional imaging information fusion, nTMS can localize motor cortex and language related cortex preoperatively and provide reliable connection information of subcortical fiber tracts during surgery. nTMS can also monitor and evaluate function recovery level and brain plasticity patterns post⁃operation, while further improve patients' outcome and quality of life and reduce postoperative complications as well. nTMS shows its significant value applied in brain tumor surgery. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2019.12.004

Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) is an advanced inorganic nonmetallic composite material with excellent mechanical properties. It has attracted extensive attention in industrial process and national defense applications, especially in car production and large aircraft manufacturing industry. As one of the most important parameters, electrical conductivity plays a key role for the overall performance of CFRP in researching non-destructive testing, anti-thunder and electromagnetic shielding. The conductive mechanism of CFRP is discussed in depth at first. Then considering the inhomogeneity and anisotropy, the popular CFRP electrical conductivity detection technology is summarized and compared from perspectives of experiment, analytical solution and numerical method. Finally, directions and methods concerning future research on CFRP conductive characteristics are proposed, including more simple and real-time experiment scheme, more precise and effective simulation model and analytical solution.

To solve the problem of massive keys storage caused by multi-source data encryption in ciphertext retrieval system,a key storage scheme based on keyed hash tree with state was proposed.The scheme computes encryption key according to the root key and key derivation tree,and just needs to store the root key and the tree structure,which greatly reduces the key storage costs.In addition,the scheme manages key revocation according to the revocation state value,thereby solving the problem of key revocation and structure update.Strict security analysis shows that the partial data key disclosure does not leak the data confidentiality of remaining data,and the performance analysis using real-world dataset shows that the proposed key storage management scheme is acceptable in ciphertext retrieval system.

When using GPU to train deep learning models with large-scale dataset, the data loading and preprocessing stages often decrease overall performance notably.Lots of GPU computing resources are wasted on waiting for loading data from remote storage.Firstly, the methods of accelerating deep learning training with container and distributed cache were introduced.The architecture and initial optimization of such training system, which was implemented with Alluxio and Kubernetes, were introduced as well.Secondly, the task and data co-located scheduling (TDCS) and the colocated scheduling policy were elaborated.Thirdly, TDCS was implemented in Kubernetes cluster, which made the acceleration result more extensible.Finally, the result of training ResNet50 image classification model on 128 NVIDIAV100 GPU devices demonstrates that the proposed methods can bring 2 to 3 times speed up comparing with load data from remote storage directly.

Objective To explore the value of MRI combined with 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG) PET and 11C-methionine (11C-MET) PET on differentiating tumefactive demyelinating lesion (TDL) and glioma. Methods Fourteen cases of TDL and 17 cases of glioma were confirmed by pathology directly or internal medicine treatment. MRI was used to observe the lesion boundary, T1WI, T2WI and diffusion - weighted imaging (DWI) signal intensity, enhancement (including ring enhancement and open - ring enhancement, etc.), mass effect, peripheral edema, and the presence of central venectasia, corpus callosum engagement, central necrosis and gray matter engagement. 18F-FDG PET and 11C-MET PET were used to calculate relative uptake values. Results Among all TDL cases, MRI showed that mass effect of 8 cases (8/14) were grade 0, 4 cases (4/14) gradeⅠ, one case (1/14) was gradeⅡ and one case (1/14) gradeⅢ; the peripheral edema of 12 cases (12/14) were gradeⅠand 2 cases (2/14) gradeⅡ. Among all glioma cases, the mass effect of 2 cases (2/17) were grade 0, 6 cases (6/17) gradeⅠ, 7 cases (7/17) gradeⅡand 2 cases (2/17) grade Ⅲ; the peripheral edema of 7 cases (7/17) were grade Ⅰ and 10 cases (10/17) grade Ⅱ. The differences between TDL and glioma were statistically significant (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.032, 0.024). 18F-FDG PET and 11C-MET PET were not statistically significant in differentiating TDL and glioma (Fisher's exact probability: P = 0.182, 0.081). Conclusions Mass effect and peripheral edema showed in MRI can be used for the differential diagnosis of TDL and glioma. The value of PET-CT in differentiating TDL and glioma is unsure. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2017.10.009

Multi-authority attribute-based encryption was very suitable for data access control in a cloud storage environment.However,efficient user revocation in multi-authority attribute-based encryption remains a challenging problem that prevents it from practical applications.A multi-authority ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption scheme with efficient revocation was proposed in prime order bilinear groups,and was further proved statically secure and revocable in the random oracle model.Extensive efficiency analysis results indicate that the proposed scheme significantly reduce the computation cost for the users.In addition,the proposed scheme supports large universe and any monotone access structures,which makes it more flexible for practical applications.

The rapid development of cloud computing has recently prompted extensive application of visualization in enterprise-level environments.In addition to server and storage virtualization,network virtualization attracts more and more attention with the application of SDN and OpenFlow.Therewith,software-defined network platforms designed for network virtualization were presented.Firstly,the objectives of the SDN based network virtualization platform were analyzed.Subsequently,the system architectures and principles of four typical network virtualization platforms based on SDN were compared.At last,the safety and isolation mechanism provided by the network virtualization platforms were investigated.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of using navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) to map hand motor cortex and further analyze its clinical application. Methods The first dorsal interosseous (FDI) was selected as target muscle. The location and area of bilateral FDI were mapped by using nTMS in 10 healthy right-handed volunteers. In order to identify the accuracy of nTMS, all individual MRI volumes and the coordinates of hotspots were normalized to Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space using SPM8. Positive sites and motor-evoked potential (MEP) were recorded. The areas of hand motor representations were calculated and compared between bilateral cerebral hemispheres. Results nTMS was capable of identifying hand motor cortex area in both hemispheres in all cases. It took 45 to 60 minutes to finish the whole nTMS procedures of each side of hand motor area. The motor cortex was found at the Ω area of bilateral precentral gyri. The right hand motor representation area was significantly larger than that of left area [(6.22 ± 0.76) cm2 vs (4.30 ± 0.40) cm2; t = 7.078, P = 0.000]. Four cases presented sleepiness, but no side effect such as headache or epilepsy was found. Conclusions nTMS is a reliable and safe technique to map hand motor cortex. It can be a very useful supplementary tool for preoperative motor cortex mapping and study on motor functional remodeling. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2016.08.011

In order to build an efficient,scalable and easy-to-manage data integration and application platform,using data space structure,electronic medical records were integrated in original data space,anonymous data space,and model data space according to data sensitivity,and anonymous data were used for data mining and secondary analysis.Different storage,security protection and data access mechanisms were designed and implemented for each data space.The platform has been applied in the analysis of national health care performance and the evaluation of medical capabilities,quality,and efficiency of affiliated hospitals of Peking University.

Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) offers a very promising therapy for medically intractable dystonia. Among different dystonia subtypes, the surgical outcome of primary dystonia is most convincing, while that of post-traumatic dystonia is uncertain. This paper aims to evaluate the effect of DBS on post-traumatic dystonia. Methods Four patients of post-traumatic dystonia treated with DBS on globus pallidus internus (GPi) or subthalamic nucleus (STN) were reviewed and their surgical effect was evaluated. Outcome assessments were based on Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) movement and disability scores preoperatively and one month, 6 months, one year and 2 years after surgery. Improvement rate was counted to evaluate the curative effect. Results BFMDRS movement scores were improved by 38.35%, 47.28%, 62.74% and 68.69% respectively, and disability scores were improved by 35.36% , 46.83% , 59.60% and 67.01% respectively. Imaging features of these patients were reviewed. Although the location and size of encephalomalacia differed among these patients, the anatomical features of basal ganglia remained intact. Conclusions With strict selection, DBS may be a promising treatment to ameliorate the symptoms of post-traumatic dystonia. The surgical effect may be sustainable in long term. Anatomical integrity of basal ganglia may be an important factor to predict good outcome. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2015.10.006

The article offers information on the maximal coding opportunity discovery scheme and its combination with coding-aware routing protocols.