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Background The prevalence and epidemiology of pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR) and acquired drug resistance (ADR) among HIV-infected individuals vary considerably in different regions of China. Both types of drug resistance have adverse effects on the antiviral treatment outcomes for patients, potentially exacerbating their poor prognosis. Currently, there is a paucity of research on the prevalence and epidemiology of PDR and ADR among HIV-infected individuals in Southwest China. Objective This study investigated the prevalence and epidemiology of pre-treatment drug resistance and acquired drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) in Southwest China. Methods This was a large cross-sectional study that enrolled PLWH who visited Guiyang Public Health Clinical Center between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023, and underwent drug resistance gene testing. HIV-1 genotype and drug resistance were analyzed using HIV-1 pol sequence. The Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database was used to analyze major drug resistance mutations in the reverse transcriptase and protease Sanger sequences. Risk factors associated with pre-treatment drug resistance were evaluated using a Logistic regression model. Results A total of 1 613 individuals were included in the study, with 824 ART-naive and 789 ART-experienced. The most common genotype among ART-naive patients was B+C (47.0%), and the drug resistance rate was 18.7% (154/824) with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) accounting for 14.9% (123/824), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) accounting for 1.7% (14/824), protease inhibitors (PIs) accounting for 2.7% (22/824), and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) accounting for 1.9% (16/824). Among the ART-experienced patients, the most common genotype was CRF01-AE (37.4%), with a drug resistance rate of 27.8% (219/789). The mutation rates for NNRTIs, NRTIs, PIs, and INSTIs were 7.7% (61/789), 19.3% (152/789), 2.7% (21/789), and 1.1% (9/789), respectively. Furthermore, multivariate Logistic regression modeling revealed that transmission route, CD4+ T-cell count, viral load, and the time interval between diagnosis and ART initiation were associated with an increased risk of pre-treatment drug resistance (P

5G deterministic network is an important part to support the construction of 5G+ Industrial Internet, and it is of great significance to study the key technologies and landing schemes of 5G deterministic network. Firstly, 5G ultra-reliability low latency communication technology and frame replication and cancellation technology were studied to reduce transmission latency and improve reliability. Secondly, cyclic queue forwarding technology was explored in 5G networks to eliminate end-to-end jitter. Finally, a 5G deterministic network landing scheme was proposed and tested in actual industrial production labs. The test results show that the comprehensive performance of the proposed network scheme is better than the existing network schemes, and can meet the demand for 5G deterministic networks in many industrial scenarios.

Two ice and snow storm processes hit middle and eastern China during 31 January to 7 February (Process Ⅰ) and 19 February to 25 February (Process Ⅱ) in 2024, which are the most extreme ice and snow events since 2009. After the long-lasting cryogenic freezing rain and snow weather in the beginning of 2008, studies about freezing rain and snow storm have effectively improved the ability of subjective forecast and objective forecast skills of these kinds of weather. However, the accuracy of forecasting ice, freezing rain, and snow storm cannot meet demands of society. Recently, the capability of new types of observations has significantly advanced, and the surface observation system is more complete. Utilizing these more comprehensive observations to analyze and compare characteristics of these two processes will be beneficial for precious, objective and quantitative forecast of ice and snow storm, ice-accretion for example.The ice and snow surface observations, reanalysis dataset, and new types of observations, including dual polarization radar and raindrop spectrum, are used to analyze the precipitation, snowfall, ice-accretion and so on. In addition, microphysical characteristics, atmospheric circulations, and stratification features of these two processes are summarized and compared, and causes for differences is researched. Results show that the affected areas, duration, and total amount of precipitation in these two processes are similar. Process Ⅰ is characterized by deeper ice-accretion and snow depth, while Process Ⅱ is characterized by a larger affected area and increased snowfall. The observation of dual polarization radar shows that there are three layers of precipitation drops for Process Ⅰ: An ice crystal layer, melting layer, and liquid layer from top to the bottom. However, there are four layers for Process Ⅱ which are ice crystal layer, melting layer, liquid layer and refrozen layer from top to the bottom. So, for Process Ⅰ, there is no significant refreezing, and the precipitation droplets are mainly supercooled liquid falling through the cold layer near the surface. Process Ⅰ is mainly characterized by freezing rain and deeper ice accretion. During Process Ⅱ, significant refrozen to mixed or solid precipitation near the surface happens which results in more ice pellets which is not good to ice-accretion. On the other hand, the density of ice pellets is larger than that of snow, resulting in thinner snow depth and less ice-acceration for Process Ⅱ. The atmospheric circulation and stratification features indicate that both processes are characterized by cooperation of Siberia high and southern branch trough. However, the lower-level jet and Siberia high of Process Ⅱ are stronger than that of Process Ⅰ, leading to stronger warm layer and cold layer in Process Ⅱ and the colder low level cold layer is the main reason for the significant ice pellet in Process Ⅱ.

[ Objective ] Chlorophyllide a oxygenase ( CAO ) is a key enzyme in the formation of chlorophyll b. Cloning and expression analysis of CAO genes may be helpful in exploring their function in regulating leaf color variation of Cymbidium hybrid. [ Methods ] ChCAO gene was cloned from leaves of Cymbidium hybrid by RACE and RT-PCR. ChCAO was analyzed for structure characteristics , physicochemical prop- erties , sequence alignment , and phylogenetic relationship. The expression of ChCAO in different tissues and leaves of K21-3 were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Meanwhile , ChCAO expression was silenced by VIGS technology. [ Results ] The results showed that ChCAO coding region was 1 608 bp , encoding 535 amino acids. ChCAO was closely related to Cymbidium sinense , which belonged to genus Cymbidium . qRT-PCR assay showed that the expression of ChCAO was the highest in leaves and the lowest in roots. The expres- sion of ChCAO in K21 leaves was significantly higher than that of K21-3. The VIGS silencing vector of ChCAO gene was constructed and transferred to tobacco. The viral vector was successfully invaded the to- bacco , and the old leaves of tobacco were turned yellow , while chlorophyll content and expression of ChCA O gene were reduced. [ Conclusion ] The ChCAO gene was obtained and its function was preliminarily characterized , which are helpful for the understanding of the formation of leaf art in Cymbidium hybrid.

[Objective] This study aimed to improve the water solubility of propolis, and expand the application of propolis in food industry. [Methods] By utilizing the film dispersion method, propolis liposome was prepared with cholesterol and soy lecithin as the wall material and propolis as the core component. The optimal preparation process for propolis liposome was optimized through a combination of one-factor experiments and response surface methodology with the encapsulation rate as the test index, and its antioxidant activity was also analyzed and evaluated. [Results] The optimal process for preparing propolis liposome consisted of 2.5 g/100 mL soy lecithin, a cholesterol to soy lecithin ratio of 1∶10.3, and a cholesterol to propolis ratio of 1∶3.8. These optimized conditions resulted in a high encapsulation rate of 93.09% for propolis liposome. In addition, it was found that the scavenging efficiencies of the 50 μL/mL propolis liposome were 88.60%, 60.53%, and 82.25% for clearance of DPPH radicals, ABTS+ radicals, and hydroxyl radicals, respectively. [Conclusion] The prepared propolis liposome has high encapsulation efficiency, good water solubility and good antioxidant capacity.

Professor Zhang Minxuan has been dedicated to sharing China's educational stories and contributing to the global development of education.In alignment with the United Nations' sustainable education development principles, responding to the call for national participation in global education governance, and advancing the Shanghai Global City Development Plan, Professor Zhang Minxuan has led a team to establish the UNESCO Teacher Education Center, which has now evolved into a significant international platform for sharing educational experiences. Professor Zhang Minxuan addresses the five key questions: "why to tell the education stories", "how to engage others in listening to the education stories", "what education stories to tell", "how to tell education stories", and "who should tell the education stories". He advocates for China to actively showcase its educational achievements and enhance its educational influence in international affairs.He also summarizes the core educational experience behind China's educational achievements, accurately grasps the development needs of other countries, and encourages educators worldwide to jointly narrate China's educational stories.According to Professor Zhang Minxuan, the process of sharing China's educational stories requires a comprehensive and objective understanding of China's place in the world. Countries should make mutual progress by learning from each other's advanced educational experiences. He emphasizes that information technology brings new challenges and opportunities to education, and educators should actively explore new avenues for teacher education in the digital age. Teachers should leverage the advantages of information technology to enhance teaching quality by integrating various educational resources, providing social and emotional support, and conducting forward-looking guidance. Professor Zhang Minxuan said that young scholars and postgraduates in comparative education should give full play to their strengths to conduct in-depth literature research and discover valuable educational experiences in educational practice. He emphasizes the importance of having a broad perspective and taking on the responsibility of disseminating China's outstanding educational experiences while serving the global development of education.

The incidence of colonic diverticular disease is increasing significantly and is showing a trend of youthfulness. The treatment of colonic diverticulum disease mainly involves drugs, including antibiotics, rifaximin, and mesalazine. In addition, probiotics and dietary fiber are believed to have a positive impact on the treatment of diverticular diseases. When it progresses to acute complicated diverticulitis, surgical treatment becomes a necessary means. Up to now, our country has not formulated standards and guidelines of the diagnosis and treatment for colonic diverticulitis.

Objective To compare the disinfection effect of three different disinfectants for oral dental chair water lines (DUWLs). Methods Selection of seven independent water source integrated treatment tables in the Stomatology Department of Beijing No. 2 Hospital before opening of the clinic in 2019, divided into 4 groups (3 experimental + 1 control). The experimental group used 500mg/L chlorine-containing disinfectant respectively (2 integrated treatment chairs in group A)、3% hydrogen peroxide (Group B, 2 comprehensive treatment chairs)、60 g/L silver ion peroxide disinfectant (2 comprehensive treatment chairs in group C) and purified municipal water purified water (1 comprehensive treatment chair in control group D). The DUWLs were disinfected by three different disinfectants, and then water samples from each group of triple lances and high-speed hand pieces were collected for bacterial cultures. To compare the total number of bacterial colonies in each group of DUWLs before disinfection and immediately, 1d, 3d, and 7d after disinfection. Results The bacterial colony counts of pre-disinfection DUWLs had exceeded the standard ( all＞4500 cfu/mL). The total number of bacterial colonies of the three disinfectants immediately after disinfection and 1 day after disinfection decreased remarkably, and were lower than that of the pre-disinfection and control group. Three days after disinfection, except for experimental group C, the total number of bacterial colonies in experimental groups A and B exceeded the standard for oral healthcare water as stipulated in the Beijing "Technical specification for the disinfection of water circuits in comprehensive oral treatment tables (DB11_T 1703-2019)". The total number of bacterial colonies in groups A, B and C were close to or exceeded the pre-disinfection level 7 days after disinfection. Conclusion Short duration of time to maintain the effect of 500 ml/L chlorine disinfectant and 3% hydrogen peroxide disinfectant on waterway disinfection. Long-term use causes irreparable damage to the inner wall of the pipeline. Silver ionic disinfectant with 60 g/L hydrogen peroxide was optimal in controlling the total number of bacterial colonies and inhibiting bacterial growth time in oral dental chair water lines (DUWLs). (目的 比较3种不同消毒剂对口腔综合治疗台水路(DUWLs)的消毒效果。方法 选取本院2019年装修后待开诊前7台采用独立水源的综合治疗台, 分为4组(3组实验组+1组对照组), 实验组分别采用500 mg/L含氯消毒剂(A组2台综合治疗椅)、3%过氧化氢(B组2台综合治疗椅)、60 g/L过氧化氢银离子消毒剂(C组2台综合治疗椅)和净化后市政用水纯水(D组对照组1台综合治疗椅), 通过3种不同的消毒剂对DUWLs进行消毒, 然后收集各组三用枪和高速手机水样进行细菌培养, 比较各组DUWLs消毒前及消毒后即刻、1d、3d、7d细菌菌落总数。结果 消毒前DUWLs各组细菌菌落总数均严重超标(均＞4500 cfu/mL)。3种消毒剂消毒后即刻和消毒后1 d细菌菌落总数明显下降, 低于消毒前及对照组。消毒后3 d, 除实验C组外, 实验A、B两组细菌菌落总数均超过北京市《口腔综合治疗台水路消毒技术规范(DB11/T 1703-2019)》规定的口腔医疗卫生用水标准。消毒后7 d, A、B、C三组细菌菌落总数均接近或超过消毒前水平。结论 500 mg/L含氯消毒剂和3%过氧化氢消毒剂对水路消毒效果维持时间短, 长期使用对管路内壁造成不可修复的危害。60g/L过氧化氢银离子消毒剂在控制口腔牙椅水路(DUWLs)细菌落数总数和抑制细菌生长时间方面效果最优。)

Objective: To study the slaughtering performance and meat quality characteristics of Hu sheep and its hybrid offspring with Southdown sheep. Methods: Six-month-old Hu sheep and F1 hybrid of Southdown × Hu sheep at the same age under the same feeding and management conditions (n = 6 each) were selected for slaughter. The slaughtering performance of sheep, and the nutritional, eating and processing quality of lamb meat were determined. Results: Compared with Hu sheep, the live mass (62.68 vs 53.32 kg), carcass mass (34.34 kg vs 29.65 kg), protein content (21.88 vs 20.87 g/100 g) and polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) ratio (1.49 vs 1.03) of the hybrid significantly increased (P < 0.01); the net meat mass (29.09 vs 25.14 kg), eye muscle area (27.69 vs 19.40 cm2), cooking loss (67.30% vs 63.82%), essential amino acid content (8.09 vs 7.87 g/100 g), total amino acid content (20.15 vs 19.62 g/100 g) and polyunsaturated fatty acid content (3.28 vs 2.72 mg/10 g) also significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas the back fat thickness (2.80 vs 4.41 mm), GR value (4.54 vs 7.26 mm), shear force (41.05 vs 52.52 N), cholesterol content (50.80 vs 59.70 mg/100 g) and saturated fatty acid content (2.21 vs 2.66 mg/10 g) significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Crossbreeding with Southdown sheep can significantly improve the slaughtering performance of Hu sheep, and increase the water retention capacity and tenderness of Hu sheep meat as well as its nutritional value and health-beneficial function.

This paper summarized the Chinese herbal medicine Huangtu decoction treatment and nursing management of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in a patient with chronic renal failure. The Chinese herbal medicine Huangtu decoction processed by special decocting method was administrated under the guidance of midnight-midday ebb flow. Comprehensive interventions including nutrition support, skin care, psychological care, prevention of anemia, exercise guidance and Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing techniques were carried out during the treatment, in order to relive the clinical symptoms of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and ensure patient safety and follow-up dialysis treatment (本文总结黄土汤治疗1例慢性肾功能衰竭患者急性上消化道出血的效果, 总结护理体会。运用特殊煎法个性化煎煮经方黄土汤加味并控制中药出汁量, 同时采用子午流注服药法, 以增强中药疗效。治疗期间加强患者饮食护理、心理护理、皮肤护理, 积极预防贫血, 进行运动指导, 实施耳穴压丸、穴位贴敷等中医护理技术, 旨在缓解临床症状, 帮助患者平稳过渡至持续性腹膜透析治疗。)

Molten pool monitoring is the basis of forming process optimization, playing a pivotal role in improving the formation quality. A machine vision monitoring system was set up for the laser cladding process. Based on the OpenCV software library, a method combining K-means image segmentation and dual threshold Otsu image segmentation was proposed, which realizes the accurate distinction between molten pool and plume with the accuracy of extracting geometric features of molten pool contour up to 95%. By designing an orthogonal experiment of laser cladding Ti-6Al-4V metal powder, typical cladding samples were selected to analyze the width and shape change of the weld pool in time domain, obtaining the fluctuation rule of the weld pool of the cladding layer. The results show that the fluctuation frequency and amplitude of the molten pool are affected by the process parameters and their combinations, and gradually stabilize with the progress of the cladding. Abnormal fluctuations in the molten pool during the cladding process are conducive to the positioning and identification of cladding defects, helping to optimize process routes.

ObjectiveTo describe a COVID-19 outbreak due to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in a school and provide suggestions for COVID-19 prevention and control.MethodsData on the COVID-19 outbreak in a school in Putuo District of Shanghai were collected from November 14 to December 20， 2022. Epidemiological characteristics， incidence rate of secondary cases and response measures were described and analyzed.ResultsA total of 27 COVID-19 cases were identified infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.5.2 variant， including 14 students （51.9%） and 13 family members / teachers living with those students （48.1%）. The first case occurred on November 14， with peak incidence during November 16-18. The median generation interval of the second generation cases was 2 （2，3） days. The index case （case 1， a student） had a clear contact history outside the school， which was found through routine examination in key populations in the school. Immediate management was conducted after the notification. All the second generation cases were exposed students in the same class with case 1， which were identified during the quarantine， whereas the third generation cases were their family members/teachers living with the second generation cases. The incidence rate within the class and school were 36.8% and 3.0%， respectively. No further social transmission was found outside the school.ConclusionEarly detection， multi-sectoral collaboration， prompt control and quarantine measures are effective in containing SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Health promotion， surveillance， ventilation and prophylactic disinfection should be reinforced in schools， office buildings and other gathering places.

[Objective] Improving energy efficiency is of great significance for energy conservation and carbon reduction, and revealing the impact of innovation-driven policies on energy efficiency and examining its mechanism of impact can provide a scientific basis for promoting high-quality economic development. [Methods] Based on the panel data of 280 prefecture-level cities from 2004 to 2019, this study used the super-slacks-based measure (SBM) method to measure the total factor energy efficiency and the multi-period difference-in-differences model to investigate the impact of the national innovation city pilot policy on total factor energy efficiency. [Results] (1) Innovation-driven policies, represented by the national innovation city pilot, can significantly promote the improvement of urban total factor energy efficiency. Compared with non-pilot cities, the total factor energy efficiency of pilot innovation cities increased by 3.3% on average. (2) The impact of the innovation city pilot policy was more obvious in cities with higher administrative levels and better location advantages, non resource-based, with weaker environmental regulations and low initial total factor energy efficiency. (3) Green technology innovation level and industrial structure optimization were the important mechanisms of innovation city pilot policy promoting the improvement of total factor energy efficiency. (4) Extended analysis showed that there was a positive spatial spillover effect of innovation-driven policies on total factor energy efficiency. [Conclusion] Therefore, we should pay attention to the lessons learned and dissemination of experience from the innovation city pilot policy implementation, strengthen the overall planning and cooperation of various regions, increase the support for green technology innovation, and optimize the industrial structure, in order to promote the improvement of total factor energy efficiency.

Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is a measurement method to research the microscopic information of magnetic materials. Because early EPR studies were limited by magnetic field strength and microwave frequency, some microscopic information of materials could not be clearly displayed. In recent years, with the development of high magnetic field technology and microwave technology, continuous wave electron paramagnetic resonance (cw-EPR) spectrometer and pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (pulsed EPR) spectrometer have been fully used under high frequency and high field, and the sensitivity, spectral resolution and other performance indicators of the spectrometer have also been improved. This paper mainly introduces the principle and structure of EPR spectrometer under high frequency and high field, its development history and research status both domestically and internationally, and the latest application in related fields.

With the advancement of the national goal of “double carbon”, the hydrogen production by electrolytic water will usher in explosive growth, among which the topology and control of power supply is of great significance to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production system. This paper took the topology of isolated DC/DC hydrogen production power supply as the main line to sort out and analyze, and summarized and analyzed the structures, advantages and disadvantages of single-stage, two-stage, parallel and multi-port DC/DC isolated hydrogen production power supply according to different application scenarios. The analysis shows that the full-bridge resonant converter and the control scheme considering the temperature, pressure and hydrogen/oxygen cross-osmosis feedback of the electrolytic cell will become the development trend of high-power large-scale hydrogen production power supply which can adapt to wide range and strong fluctuation. Moreover, the isolated three-port DC/DC conversion power supply will become the distributed integrated electric-hydrogen coupling development mode in the future. The research of this paper aims to provide theoretical reference for the further research of hydrogen production by electrolytic water.

Color is one of the most important sensory quality indexes of fermented meat products. Addition of nitrite makes traditional fermented meat products have a good color. However, nitrite can be transformed to N-nitrosamine in the human body, which is a potential carcinogen and can cause health problems. Therefore, it cannot meet the green and safety requirements in food manufacturing. In recent years, the chromogenic effect of microorganisms has been discovered and excavated, indicating the potential to replace nitrite in fermented meat products. In this review, the color conversion mechanism of fermented meat products is introduced in detail, and recent progress in research on the chromogenic mechanism of microorganisms is summarized. The important functions of five key enzymes in microbial color development and two dominant strains used to make fermented meat products are outlined. This review may provide novel ideas for the green and healthy development of fermented meat products.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm （BPDCN） complicated with acute myeloid leukemia （AML） is a rare disease. In this article， we reported the diagnosis and treatment of one patient of BPDCN complicated with AML who presented with fever as the first symptom， aiming to enhance the diagnostic and therapeutic capability of clinicians for this disease. The male patient， aged 69 years old， was admitted to hospital due to fever for 1 week. He had no typical skin lesions. Morphological and cytological observation of bone marrow smear showed extremely active hyperplasia and tumor cells with specific immunophenotype. The diagnosis of BPDCN complicated with AML was confirmed. A low-intensity venetoclax-based chemotherapy regimen was recommended. However， the patient discontinued further treatment.

Taking gob-side entry retaining in Sichuan Coal Group Xuyong No.1 mine as an engineering background, the displacement inverse analysis method is used to calibrate the physical and mechanical parameters test results of coal and rock, and the numerical simulation method is used to analyze the mine pressure distribution law of gob-side entry retaining roadway. Field observation shows that during the working face mining, the maximum relative displacement of roadway roof and floor is 743 mm. Roof subsidence is the main displacement mode of roadway roof and floor. The average roof subsidence is 3.6 times of floor heave, and the numerical simulation result is 3.5 times. The parameter calibration results show that the reduction of elastic modulus and cohesion has a significant impact on the roof and floor approach. At the same calculation step, the roof and floor approach increases with the decrease of elastic modulus and cohesion. When the elastic modulus is reduced to 20%, the maximum value of roof and floor approach increases to 800 mm. The numerical simulation results show that the abutment pressure at the high wall of gob-side entry retaining roadway at the rear of mining face increases significantly, and the abutment pressure distribution is low on both sides and “convex” with the middle height, and the peak value of abutment pressure increases with the advance of working face. The influence range of the average leading abutment pressure of the working face is 77 m.

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation of sleep quality with negative life events and coping styles in adolescents based on structural equation modeling， and to provide references for improving the adolescents' sleep quality.MethodsFrom December 2021 to May 2022， a total of 767 junior middle school students from three schools in Chongqing were enrolled， and assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）， Adolescent Self-rating Life Events Checklist （ASLEC） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ）. Then the structural equation model was applied to discuss the correlation of sleep quality with negative life events and coping styles in adolescents.ResultsA total of 222 adolescents （28.94%） were found to have sleep disorders. PSQI score was positively correlated with ASLEC score and negative coping dimension score of SCSQ （r=0.612， 0.590， P

To investigate the impact instability of the roadway support system caused by the collapse of the overlying hard roof strata during the coal mining process, and to guide the prevention and control of mine rock burst disasters, taking I010203 working face of Kuangou Coal Mine as the background, Abaqus numerical analysis software was used and a refined model was established to simulate and analyze the support system of the hard roof roadway under the combined action of dynamic and static loads, the propagation process of dynamic loads, as well as the dynamic response characteristics of roadway surrounding rock under the combined action of dynamic and static loads, are also analyzed. The anti-impact capacity was evaluated on the basis of checking the anti-impact capacity of the roadway support system. The results show that the current support system can effectively resist the impact loads generated by previous large-energy events.

By using the newly introduced GeoLas HD 193 nm ArF excimer laser ablation system and the Agilent 7900 quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) in the Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction at the Institute of Geomechanics, we successfully established the in-situ zircon U-Pb dating method and trace element analytical method by LA-ICP-MS. U-Pb dating experiments were carried out on Plešovice, Temora1 and Qinghu zircons under the experimental conditions of 32 μm beam spot diameter, 5.0 J/cm2 energy density and 5 Hz denudation frequency using the standard zircon 91500 as the external standard. The ideal age results are consistent with their recommended values, and the measured U-Pb ages for Plešovice zircon remain stable in different periods. Meanwhile, a comparative study of the U-Pb dating results in different laboratories was carried out on an unknown sample 11-5, and the dating results are consistent with that obtained in the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources at China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) within analytical error. Trace elements in zircon standard 91500 and glass standard NIST SRM 612 were analyzed by using NIST SRM 610 as an external standard and 29Si as an internal standard, and the measured values are consistent with the recommended values of trace element contents. In addition, the influence of different beam spot diameters on the zircon U-Pb age results was explored by using the Plešovice zircon as an example. The results show that a denudation diameter of 16~44 μm can obtain reliable zircon U-Pb ages similar to the recommended age, and under the same energy density and denudation frequency conditions, U-Pb ages obtained by using 32~44 μm beam spot diameters are more accurate than those obtained by 16~24 μm beam spot diameters.

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of clinical application of ThinPrep Imaging System (TIS) in cervical cytology. Methods Manual screening results of cervical liquid-based cytology (LBC) specimens from December 2016 to May 2017 and TIS-assisted screening results of LBC specimens from December 2017 to May 2018 in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The diagnostic rates of abnormal cytology, histological follow-up results for abnormal cytology and high risk-human papillomavirus (Hr-HPV) positivity for abnormal cytology specimens were analyzed and compared between the two screening methods. Results A total of 17 407 manual screening results of cervical LBC specimens and 16 564 TIS-assisted screening results of LBC specimens were included. The overall abnormal cytology diagnostic rate was significantly higher in TIS-assisted screening than in manual screening (15.21% vs. 9.58%, P < 0.001), with the diagnostic rate of atypical squamous cells, atypical squamous cells without excluding high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, atypical glandular cells and adenocarcinoma increasing 2.77%, 0.28%, 2.08%, 0.35%, 0.08% and 0.08%, respectively. All results were statistically different (all P < 0.05). In biopsy follow-up of the patients with abnormal cytology, the histological coincidence rates of TIS-assisted screening were higher than those of manual screening, but the differences were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). The number of abnormal glandular cells diagnosed by TIS-assisted screening was 1.89 times that of manual screening (53 cases vs. 28 cases), and the number of adenocarcinomas (confirmed by histology) in TIS-assisted screening was 2.3 times as many as that in manual screening (37 cases vs. 16 cases). The Hr-HPV positivity rates of patients with abnormal squamous epithelial cells in TIS-assisted screening and manual screening were not statistically different. Meanwhile, TIS-assisted screening was more time efficient, with 33%-50% reduction of time. Conclusion The use of TIS-assisted screening not only improved the detection rate of abnormal cytology and the work efficiency, but also increased histological compliance rate, which is worthy of further clinical application.

【Background and objective】 Waterlogging is a natural disaster facing agricultural production in many countries across the world. Global warming is expected to increase its frequency. The objective of this paper is to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of climate-induced waterlogging for winter wheat in Jianghuai Region in central-southern China. 【Method】 The analysis was based on archived meteorological data measured from 143 weather stations across Anhui and Jiangsu provinces, from which we calculated the annual and monthly precipitation, potential evapotranspiration of the winter wheat. We divided the two provinces into a number of sub-regions based on climate and analyzed the data in each sub-region using the principal component analysis and K-means cluster methods. The spatiotemporal variation in waterlogging for each sub-region was calculated from daily standardized antecedent precipitation evapotranspiration index. 【Result】 ①From November to next February, long-lasting waterlogging was mostly likely to occur in the Jianghuai watershed and eastern Yangtze River, while from March to May, it was more likely to happen in the south and less likely in the north of the region. ②In west Yangtze River and in the high mountain areas, the occurrence of waterlogging in each 10 days increased as the crop grew from seedling to harvest, while in the Jianghuai watershed and east Yangtze River, the occurrence of waterlogging was independent of the growing season. In the north of the Huaihe River, the occurrence of waterlogging in the seedling stage was more frequent than in other growing stages. ③Intra-annual variation of waterlogging in each 10-day showed a significant increase from later November to middle of next February, and the variation coefficients was high. 【Conclusion】 Climate-induced waterlogging for winter wheat in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces is high but its occurrence varies spatiotemporally. These results are helpful for developing mitigating methods to alleviate the detrimental impact of waterlogging in the two provinces.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Putuo District， Shanghai from 2015 to 2020， and provide a basis for formulating effective prevention and control measures.MethodsThe data of scarlet fever cases from January 1， 2015 to December 31， 2020 in Putuo District， Shanghai were obtained from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System of the Chinese center for disease control and prevention （CDC）. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever cases in Putuo District， Shanghai by time， population， and region.ResultsA total of 586 scarlet fever cases were reported in Putuo District from 2015 to 2020， with an average annual reported incidence of 7.39 per 105， an average age of onset of 6.2±1.8 years， and a male/female ratio of 1.6∶1. The incidence of scarlet fever has declined significantly in 2020， which was 5.44 per 105 lower than the average reported incidence in 2015‒2020. The incidence peak was from April to June and November to January of the following year， which was characterized by high incidence in spring and winter. The age distribution of cases was concentrated at the age of 4‒9 years， mainly children in kindergarten and primary school students. Areas with high reported incidence rates were Wanli Street， Changzheng Town， Taopu Town and Changfeng New Village Street.ConclusionThe peak incidence of scarlet fever in Putuo District is from April to June and November to January of the following year， with children in kindergartens and students in primary school as the key populations. We should strengthen epidemic monitoring and guidance of prevention and control for in kindergartens and schools before the high incidence season of scarlet fever， so as to effectively prevent the epidemic of the disease.

Objective: Rapid determination of organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticide residues in tea beverages. Methods: Selecting the non-ionic surfactant PEG-4000 as cloud point extraction, pesticides were extracted with isooctane by ultrasonic back extraction. The upper layer of isoctane solution was analyzed by Gas Chromatography/Mass. The isooctane solution was separated by HP-5 ms UI capillary column and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by GC/MS. Results: The eight pesticides showed a good linear relationship between 0.01～2.0 and 0.02～4.0 mg/L, respectively, with the correlation coefficients (R) of over 0.995. The detection limit and quantification limit of this method were 0.003~0.008 mg/L and 0.01~0.02 mg/L, respectively. The average recovery was 78.3%~98.4%, RSD was 2.7%~8.5% (n=6). Conclusion: The method is simple in operation, high in enrichment rate, practical, safe and economical, which is suitable for rapid determination of pesticide residues in tea drinks.

Objective To evaluate a Zika virus(ZIKV) test based on real-time reverse-transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) that can be performed without RNA isolation. Methods The detection method is based on rRT-PCR technology, and a virus-enrichment method is used for sample processing. The sample processing procedure is: Add 112-224 μL sample treatment solution Ⅰ and 5-10 μL sample treatment solutionⅡ to 100-200 μL clinical samples, vortex and then centrifuge at a speed of 12 000 r/min and a centrifugation radius of 8.6 cm for 5 minutes. After centrifugation, discard the supernatant, add 20 μL of solution to resuspend the precipitate, and then add 10 μL of the resuspended precipitate into the PCR reaction solution(50 μL) for detection. The performance of the assay was evaluated from the aspects of the lower limit of detection, cross reactions, interfering substances and precision. Clinical samples (serum, urine and saliva samples) were collected from the Clinical Laboratory of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and 1/5 of these samples were randomly selected to simulate clinical samples of ZIKV infection to further evaluate the performance of the method. Results The lower limit of detection(LOD) of the ZIKV assay for MR766 and ZKC2/2016 strains was 101 50% tissue culture infective dose(TCID50)/mL. A panel of 17 potential cross substances was tested and no cross-reactivity was detected. Potential interfering substances including bilirubin (15 mg/L), hemoglobin (100 mg/L), triglycerides (2000 mg/L), IgG (37.5 g/L) and EDTA-Na2(2.5 g/L) were evaluated and no obvious interference was observed. The intra-lots and inter-lots variations that were measured by coefficient of variation (CV), were lower than 10%. A total of 344 clinical samples from the Clinical Laboratory of Peking Union Medical College Hospital were collected; 73 simulated clinical samples of ZIKV infection were constructed. The detection results of 344 samples by this method were consistent with the expected results without false positives and false negatives. Conclusions The detection method for ZIKV has good specificity and repeatability. The detection results are not affected by interfering substances. The LOD meets clinical requirements, and the operation is simple. It can be used as a backup diagnostic tool for ZIKV and it needs to be further verified in real clinical samples.

On the basis of retaining the technical identification system of medical negligence, the Medical Association Identification Rules of Medical Damage mainly provides technical services for various types of conciliation work about doctor-patient dispute. Its identification work is still influenced by the thinking of medical negligence technical identification and has certain administrative color. Guidance for Judicial Expertise of Medical Malpractice is mainly reflected that the trial of civil cases and pre-trial mediation of courts need service. Its procedures and evidence review are strictly required by the litigation rules and has the characteristics of public legal services provided as a third-party neutral institution. Technical identification of medical damage, whether organized by the Medical Association or the forensic identification institutions, is carried out under the background of the current Regulations on the Prevention and Treatment of Medical Disputes and the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China; both have a corresponding positive role in regulating the medical damage identification activities, and have also laid a certain foundation for the establishment of a unified identification system in the future in China. To understand the different characteristics of the medical damage identification rules issued by the Chinese Medical Association and the Ministry of Justice, and to improve the understanding of the standardization of the forensic identification of medical damage, a comparative study was conducted on Medical Association Identification Rules of Medical Damage and Guidance for Judicial Expertise of Medical Malpractice from seven aspects: Concept and legal status, entrust of identification, identification acceptance, identification procedures, identification presentation meeting, theory of medical malpractice evaluation, consequences and causality of medical damage. The subject of evaluation, the function of evidence review, the role of consulting experts, the technical standard system of malpractice evaluation and other contents were emphatically analyzed.

In order to reconstruct the historical typhoon wind field in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and calculate the maximum wind speed in 50 years of the Northwest Pacific Ocean, Yan Meng wind field model is used to simulate the wind field. There are 3 important parameters for wind field simulation in Yan Meng wind field model: The radius of maximum wind, pressure distribution constant B, and roughness z0. Therefore, it is necessary to test and reasonably optimize the value of the three parameters by measured data of the buoy stations during the typhoon in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.First, based on the JTWC (Joint Typhoon Warning Center) dataset, the relationship between the radius of maximum wind and its impact factors is discussed and four combinations scheme of calculating the radius of maximum wind are proposed, and then the best combination scheme is selected through the measured data. Second, the values of B and z0 are estimated with the observed wind speed of buoy stations during different typhoons. Finally, the simulation effect of the typhoon wind field at sea is evaluated with 19 typhoon processes, and the applicability of the model and estimation scheme of three parameters are verified.The results show that it is more reasonable to find the radius of maximum wind by combination scheme of Vmax (the maximum wind speed of typhoon center) and the latitude of typhoon. In the parameter value test, the wind speed simulation effect of sea surface (buoy stations) is better given z0 being 0.005 m and B being 1.0, according to the absolute deviation between the simulated and the measured maximum wind speed at 10 buoy stations during 6 typhoons. Except for the parameter test, 19 other typhoon processes landing in northern Fujian and Zhejiang, heading north to the East China Sea, moving west to the South China Sea, and crossing Taiwan Island into the Taiwan Strait are selected to test the simulation effect, which illustrates that when the Vmax published by Central Meteorological Observatory is below 40 m·s-1, the simulated Vmax is close to the published Vmax if B is equal to 1.0 and z0 is equal to 0.005 m, and the simulated wind speed in the non-maximum wind speed region is well fitted with the observed wind speed of the buoy stations. In addition, When Vmax published is greater than or equal to 40 m·s-1, the simulated Vmax is close to the published Vmax if B is equal to 1.4 and z0 is equal to 0.005 m, and the simulated wind speed of non-maximum wind speed region is more reasonable when B is equal to 1.0 and z0 is equal to 0.005 m.

Objective To investigate the effect of casein kinase 2 interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1) on craniofacial soft tissues and hard tissues, to provide the basis for the study and treatment of craniomaxillofacial related diseases. Methods 6-month- old male CKIP-1 knockout (KO) mice were selected as the experimental group, and wild-type (WT) mice were selected as the control group. The craniomaxillofacial hard tissues (parietal bone, nasal bone, incisors and molars) were analyzed through micro- CT, and the morphological changes of maxillofacial soft tissues (nasal cartilage, lip mucosa and tongue) were analyzed through HE staining and toluidine blue staining. Results CKIP-1 negatively regulated bone mass of cancellous bone of cranial and maxillofacial bones and dentin mineralization. Compared with the WT mice, the thickness of the parietal baffle layer increased by 93% in KO mice, while cortical bone showed no significant difference between the two groups. The nasal cancellous bone thickness increased by 160% in KO-mice, while cortical bone showed no significant difference between the two groups; the enamel thickness was normal, but the pulp cavity became smaller and the dentin thickness increased by 48%. Compared with the WT mice, the HE staining and toluidine blue staining analyses of the soft tissues revealed that the thickness of the alar cartilage plate of KO mice increased by 57%, and local ossification was found within the cartilage plate. The thickness of the keratinized layer of the labial mucosa increased by 170% in KO mice and the muscle fiber diameter of the lingual muscle increased by 45%. Conclusion CKIP-1 genes have different effects on the growth and development of various soft and hard tissues in the maxillofacial region of mice.

Steel mesh supporting material（SMS） faces serious corrosion risks at underground application in the high-humidity environment of Shendong Coal Group Company. It’s better to supply a proper and onsite-suitable technology for protecting SMS from corrosion at coal roadway situation. In this paper, a kind of anti-rust oil which featured with non-volatile, fine fluidity, strong adsorption effect and excellent demulsification is proposed as a coating material for SMS. The research results show that the SMS with anti-rust oil layer can show obvious protective and stable effect in the simulated corrosion situations include humid, immersed and spraying water environment from coal roof. Furthermore, the corrosion rates of SMS decreased stably at below 0.005 mm/a by electrochemical test when anti-rust oil equipped with cross section and corrosion surface of SMS on active service. By applying self-developed anti-rust oil to the in-service SMS that have been corroded in the roadway, the corrosion process can be effectively inhibited, and its service life can be prolonged.

Objective To explore the antibacterial activity of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on P. gingivalis and the inhibitory effects on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) production induced by P. gingivalis. Methods The antimicrobial effect of EGCG against planktonic cultures and biofilms of P. gingivalis was evaluated using microplate dilution assays. The microstructural changes in biofilms were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The inhibitory effect of EGCG on arginine gingipain (Rgp) and lysine gingipain (Kgp) activity of P. gingivalis was evaluated using synthetic chromogenic peptides and fluorogenic substrates. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qRT-PCR analysis were used to assess MMP-1 and MMP-2 mRNA expression and secretion by human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) stimulated with P. gingivalis in the presence or absence of EGCG, respectively. Results The MIC and MBC of EGCG against P. gingivalis were 62.5 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively. EGCG can not only inhibit the biofilm formation of P. gingivalis but also has a scavenging effect on mature biofilms and can affect their viability. Additionally, 10 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL of EGCG inhibited the proteinase activities of Rgp and Kgp, respectively (P < 0.05). Finally, the mRNA expression and secretion of MMP-1 and MMP-2 by HGFs stimulated by P. gingivalis were significantly inhibited by 50 μg/mL of EGCG (P < 0.05). Conclusion EGCG exhibits antimicrobial effects against P. gingivalis and reduces the expression of MMPs by HGFs.

The entrapment and release of flavor substances is a frontier topic in the field of food flavor research. This paper mainly reviews the research progress on the entrapment and release of flavor substances based on starch-based wall materials. Starch-based wall material refers to a kind of natural polymer material which uses starch or its derivatives to cover fat-soluble components through its hydrophobic cavity. This paper mainly focuses on the methods and classification of hydrolysis， physical modification and chemical modification of starch-based wall materials， molecular dynamics simulation of non-covalent interaction between starch and flavor substances， preparation and structural characterization of starch-based flavor microcapsules， starch-based flavor microcapsules release process， influencing factors， flavor release mechanism (diffusion， erosion， degradation， swelling， melting， etc.). And the application of starch-based flavor microcapsules was reviewed. In order to have a comprehensive understanding of the domestic and foreign research progress on the entrapment and release of flavor substances in starch-based wall materials，and provide certain theoretical and practical references for the development of starch-based flavor materials.

At present, ablation is still considered as one of the most effective, reliable, mature and economical thermal protection methods, which is widely used in thermal protection systems (TPS) of aerospace flight vehicles. Recent years, series of advanced lightweight ablative composites (LAC) were developed driven by major projects such as manned space flight, lunar exploration program, deep space exploration, and near space flight vehicles. Particularly, material's developing, engineering application and corresponding applied basic research of LACs filled in honeycombs and new LAC integrated ablation & insulation were emphatically introduced. Furthermore, complicated ablative mechanisms and synergistic effects of multiple thermal protection methods were explored. With the development of advanced TPS demand, multi-functionalization, compatibility and integration are the main development tendency of LAC for earth reentry or atmospheric entry aerospace flight vehicles.

Objective To investigate the effects of different phases of menstrual cycle or different physiological levels of estradiol (E2) on the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells and bearing nude mice to epirubicin (EPI). Methods CCK-8 assay was used to observe the proliferation of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with E2 (0, 50, 500, 2 500, 5 000, 10 000 pg/mL) for 24 h. After the MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were pretreated with different doses of E2 for 12 h and then with EPI alone for 24 h, the effects of E2 on the chemosensitivity of the cells to EPI were detected by CCK-8 assay. MCF-7 tumor bearing nude mice model was established after bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). The MCF-7 tumor-bearing nude mice were randomly assigned to non-OVX+EPI group (group B), OVX+EPI group (group D), OVX+E2(0.1, 5, 10 mg/kg)+EPI groups (group E, F and G) and control group. After the mice were treated with EPI, the inhibitory rate of tumor growth was calculated to detect the effects of E2 on tumor inhibition of EPI chemotherapy. Results In vitro, E2 promoted the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with the 50 pg/mL E2 group, the 500 pg/mL E2 group had significantly promoted proliferation in MCF-7 cells (P < 0.05). But E2 showed no significant effects on the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells (P>0.05). Furthermore, E2 increased chemotherapeutic efficacy of EPI on MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The 2 500 and 5 000 pg/mL E2 groups had significantly enhanced the chemosensitivity of EPI on MCF-7 cells when compared with the 50 pg/mL E2 group (P < 0.001). But E2 had no significant effects on the chemosensitivity of EPI in MDA-MB-231 cells (P>0.05). In vivo, the tumor weights of nude mice were significantly lower in the OVX+E2+EPI groups (groups E, F and G) than the OVX+EPI group (group D) (all P < 0.01). The inhibitory rate of tumor growth was 23.3% in the non-OVX+EPI group (group B), 10.8% in the OVX+EPI group (group D), and 38.3% (group E), 37.7% (group E) and 41.3% (group E) in the OVX+E2+EPI groups. Conclusion E2 dose-dependently promotes the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 cells to EPI, suggesting that chemotherapy should be carried out in physiological periods with higher E2 level in order to improve the chemotherapy efficacy in HR+ breast cancer.

Objective To identify the natural protein arginine kinase (AK) extracted from oysters, and to understand its basic properties and homology. Methods AK was isolated and purified from oysters by ammonium sulfate salting out and anion exchange, and the relative molecular mass and secondary structure were determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Its stability was also studied. The amino acid sequences of oyster AK and 11 other crustacean and mollusk allergens were compared by bioinformatics software, and their homology was analyzed. Results The natural protein with a relative molecular weight of 40 kDa was oyster AK. AK was neither heat-resistant nor acid-resistant. Oyster AK has high homology of mollusk allergen AK amino acid sequence, and homology of crustacean amino acid sequence is 55%-60%. Conclusion Natural AK is extracted from oysters, and the stability and homology are basically understood. It will lay the foundation for comprehensive research on sensitization and sensitization mechanism of oysters.

Temperature and moisture content are two important physical variables that play a considerable role in the study of quality changes during grain storage. Ventilation is used to cool the grain pile and keep the temperature constant to prevent moisture migration. Good ventilation conditions have a significant impact on the storage safety in the granary. At present, the research on the influence of relative humidity of ventilation air on the moisture of the grain reactor is relatively rare. The changes of grain temperature and moisture during ventilation caused by different inlet air relative humidity were explored and compared by a combination of numerical simulation and experimental research in this paper. According to the results, the cooling and drying efficiency is higher when the relative humidity of the inlet is lower, which makes the wheat grain pile cool more quickly and keeps the activities of insects and molds at a lower level.

Cognitive radar can sense the battlefield environment and feed this information back to a transmitter by imitating the cognitive learning process of bats to enable self-adaptive detection and processing, which are vital for the future intelligent development of radar. Therein, full utilization of the prior information of the target and environment to design radar waveform for improving the performance of target detection, tracking, and anti-jamming is difficult and has been the focus of cognitive radar development. Therefore, based on different jamming environments, target models, and antenna configurations (e.g., Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs (MIMO)), this study summarizes the key elements and main ideas of waveform design. Furthermore, this study lists the related literature on representativeness from the viewpoint of the use of different jamming environments and target models, aiming at providing reference and basis for cognitive waveform design research in the future.

Recently, Netted Radar System (NRS) has received much attention due to its robust performance gain. Usually, the NRS Detect Before Track (DBT) method detects the received data at each time, acquiring a set of alarm plots, and then transmits these plots or the trajectories obtained based on them to the fusion center, thus generating a global estimated result. However, when the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is low, the performance becomes highly degraded because the targets cannot pass the single-frame detection threshold of DBT. To solve this problem, a netted radar Multi-Frame Track Before Detect (MF-TBD) method is proposed in this paper. First, MF-TBD is performed in local radar nodes, and then it acquires estimated target plot sequences and transmits them to the center for further fusion. MF-TBD can take advantage of NRS, and also can utilize target space time correlation through MF-TBD processing and enhance the target SNR. Thus, it can improve detection performance. However, the outputs of MF-TBD are different from that of DBT. Therefore, the current fusion methods for DBT are not suitable for MF-TBD. To solve this problem, this paper first derives a fusion method for plot sequences, then reports its processing steps in radar system, and finally proposes an implementation method based on the particle filter. The simulation results show that the proposed method has a detection performance gain of 4 to 6 dB than the traditional method based on DBT, and a 50% gain on estimation accuracy than single-sensor MF-TBD.

Objective To investigate the expression of D-bifunctional protein (DBP) in hepatocarcinoma tissues of rat and its correlation with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3). Methods Rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) was induced by intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine(DEN). HE staining and serum biochemical indicators were used to detect liver pathological severity in HCC rats. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to detect the expression of DBP, PCNA, cyclinD1, p-STAT3, p-Akt, p-MEK and p-ERK. Results DEN induced severe liver deterioration in HCC rats. The expression of DBP in liver tissues of HCC rats was higher than that in normal rat liver. The mRNA expression of PCNA and cyclin D1 in HCC group were significantly higher than those in normal control(NC) group, and the expression of DBP was positively correlated with PCNA and cyclin D1 expression. The over-expression and knockdown of DBP increased and decreased the number of cells and the expression of PCNA, cyclin D1 protein in HepG2 cells, respectively. The expression of p-STAT3 was significantly increased in HCC group, and positively correlated with DBP expression. The protein levels of p-Akt, p-MEK and p-ERK were also significantly enhanced compared with the NC group. Conclusion Highly-expressed DBP plays a catalytic role in the development of rat liver cancer.

In this work, monodisperse hollow Fe3O4 magnetic microspheres were synthesized by hydrothermal method. And the P(GMA-DVB) polymer layer was coated on the surface of Fe3O4 microspheres by distillation precipitation polymerization method to form core-shell structure. After adsorption of Au nanoparticles, a magnetic core-shell Fe3O4/P(GMA-DVB)-SH-Au supported catalyst was obtained. The morphologies, structures and catalytic performance of the catalysts were characterized by TEM, SEM, FTIR, XRD, TGA, VSM and UV-vis. Results show that the synthesized materials have uniform particle size, regular microsphere, and obvious core-shell struc-ture. For the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol, the Fe3O4/P(GMA-DVB)-SH-Au exhibits excellent catalytic performance, and the catalytic efficiency still maintains over 80% after 8 successive cycles.

Preheating and reduction of iron ore fine in a multi-stage continuous fluidized bed (FB), which can improve gas utilization, heat efficiency and decrease production cost of hot metal, is a development direction for ore fine reduction with gas as a reductant. Multi-stage FBs coupled with a gasifier for producing hot metal have been successfully industrialized in Southern Korea. However, progress of FBs for iron ore reduction is slow in China. The reduction fraction and utilization ratio of gas are two important parameters for the iron reduction process. The key to feasible estimation of new technologies and design of parameters in the reduction process and reactors is understanding the influence of various parameters. As a result, the coupling kinetic model of iron oxide reduction and reducing gas oxidation in two-stage FB was established to investigate the influence of technical parameters on reducing the efficiency of iron ore fine in a continuous FB. FeO, which comes from a R2 FB, is reduced in a R1 FB using qualified gas as a reducing gas. Fe2O3, which comes from R3 preheating of a FB, is reduced to FeO in R2 FB using off-gas from a R1 FB. The results are in a good accordance with literature data. The influence of parameters, such as the size of the ore fine and pressure in the FB, on reducing efficiency was investigated according with this model. For the reduction results to be ≥ 85% metallization ratio, ≥ 38% gas utilization rate and 950~1050 m3·t-1 ratio of gas flow to ore mass, the technological conditions are an average ore fine size less than 1.5 mm, FB temperature of 780~800℃, gas reduction potential greater than 93%, volume fraction of inert gas less than 5% average pressure of 3.5×105~4.0×105 Pa, the reciprocal of standing time ug/H of 1.0~1.1 s-1, average retention time in R1 FB of 30 min and average retention time in R2 FB of 20 min.

The Direct Position Determination (DPD) method can fully use the information of an observed signal, and it is known to outperform the traditional two-step methods at a low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR). To solve the problem of localizing multiple transmitters with unknown Linear Frequency Modulation (LFM) signals in multi-static passive radar systems, a multi-target positioning algorithm based on DPD algorithm and FRactional Fourier Transform (FRFT) is proposed. First, according to the established signal model, the theoretically optimal high-dimensional maximum likelihood estimator is deduced; Then, to address the high computational complexity of the estimator in jointly estimating high-dimensional signal parameters and positions of sources, we propose a dimensionality reduction strategy based on the FRFT and some basic classification algorithms to transform the multi-target localizing problem to a multiple single-target localizing problem. Through this method, the position and the corresponding signal parameters of each source can be efficiently estimated by a four-dimensional grid search. Simulation results show that the proposed method outperforms the existing DPD algorithm, and it can determine the positions of sources without directly utilizing the transmitted signal information.

In this paper, we address target tracking problems by the use of multiple sensors via the Dynamic Programming (DP)-based Track-Before-Detect (TBD) method. Generally, DP-TBD is a grid-based method that estimates target trajectories by searching all the physically admissible paths in a determinate discrete state space. However, this multi-frame detection algorithm provides plot sequences without filtering or smoothing. With the growing complexity of the battle field environment, single radar based on DP-TBD cannot achieve satisfactory results when the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is low. Besides, it is very difficult to fuse plot sequences from different radars because they contain no state error covariance matrix. Furthermore, various radars always contain asynchronous data due to the diversity of sampling times and communication delays. To alleviate these problems, we propose a distributed asynchronous recursive filtering fusion (Dynamic Programming Fuison, DPF) algorithm based on DP-TBD, which is divided into two steps. In the first step, we propose an iterative filter algorithm via DP-TBD. Then, we convert the asynchronous evaluation data into synchronous data and implement several distributed fusion algorithms to estimate the target state. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can correctly estimate target trajectories and significantly enhance tracking accuracy compared to solo radar. In addition, this algorithm can decrease the track loss rate and calculation burden.

Phased array radar can simultaneously form multiple beams that can scan without inertia allowing for flexible pointing. In this paper, we propose a joint beam and dwell time allocation strategy for multi-target tracking in a phased array radar system to achieve multi-target tracking with less system resources. First, we formulate an optimization problem for minimizing the total dwell time on all targets while guaranteeing to meet a predetermined target-tracking accuracy requirement. The Bayesian Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (BCRLB) is introduced as the tracking performance metric since it provides a lower bound for the error of target state estimate. Second, after proving the optimization problem is nonconvex, we propose a two-step decomposition algorithm which is first to determine the beam pointing and then allocate the beam dwell time to solve it. Finally, we achieve multi-target tracking based on the resource allocation results. Simulation results show that our optimization strategy is effective in saving resources and is favorable for achieving a better tracking performance of worse targets as compared to an operating mode wherein uniform resource allocation occurs.

This study considered parameter estimations for micro-motion targets embedded in non-Gaussian noise with a Single Input Multiple Output (SIMO) radar. A novel estimation algorithm based on mutual correntropy was presented and used to derive the micro-perturbation parameters by exploiting the second and higher-order knowledge of the return signals among multiple channels. Compared with a conventional Fourier Transform (FT) method, the method proposed herein had a much higher Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) gain. In addition, the location was derived by employing the Phase-Comparison Monopulse (PCM) technique. Finally, several numerical results were provided and discussed.

A three-dimensional mathematical model is developed based on the Navier-Stokes momentum equation and the low Reynolds number turbulence k-ε equation. This model comprehensively considers energy conservation,molten steel solidification and the influence of the mushy zone on the flow process. Heat flux obtained through an inverse heat transfer model combined with measured temperature is set as the boundary condition to the coupling model,to investigate fluid flow,heat transfer and solidification in the continuous casting mold. It is found that liquid steel flow has important influence on the distributions of temperature and heat flux,and the solidification process is governed by a synthetic action of fluid flow and heat flux. The proposed model and the non-uniform characteristic of solidification can provide reference for further investigation on longitudinal cracks and other surface defects during continuous casting.

In view of problem of difficult parameters determination existed in fault diagnosis method of asynchronous motor based on RBF neural network, the paper proposed a fault diagnosis method of asynchronous motor based on RBF neural network optimized by differential evolution algorithm. Firstly, the method uses wavelet transformation to make de-noising process for running state signal of asynchronous motor, then it uses principle component analysis method and wavelet packet analysis method to extract feature of the de-noised signal of asynchronous motor, and at last it uses RBF neural network optimized by differential evolution algorithm to diagnose the feature. The experiment result shows that the RBF neural network optimized by the differential evolution algorithm can identify faults of asynchronous motor effectively compared with RBF neural network without optimization.

Objective: To evaluate the positional relationship between protective channel and sural nerve while treating acute Achilles tendon rupture with channel assisted minimally invasive repair (CAMIR) technique based on anatomical observations of cadaver specimens., Methods: Twelve adult cadaveric lower limb specimens (6 left, 6 right) were utilized. A CAMIR device was implanted at a distance of 4 cm from the proximal end of the specimen to the Achilles tendon insertion. The skin was incised along the tendon's medial side, the sural nerve was dissected, and the positional relationship with the protective channel was observed. The distance from the sural nerve-Achilles tendon intersection to the calcaneal insertion, the vertical distance between protective channel and the calcaneal insertion, and the horizontal distance between the sural nerve and protective channel were measured by using vernier caliper., Results: Anatomical examination demonstrated a variable positional relationship between the sural nerve and protective channel, with the sural nerve positioned above (8 specimens) or below (4 specimens) the protective channel. The distance from the sural nerve-Achilles tendon intersection to the calcaneal insertion was (105.67±14.94) mm, the vertical distance between protective channel and the calcaneal insertion was (93.20±9.57) mm, and the horizontal distance between the sural nerve and protective channel was (0.31±0.14) mm., Conclusion: The use of CAMIR technique for the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture can effectively avoid iatrogenic injury to the sural nerve.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world, which is a serious threat to human health. HBV infection is one of the most common causes of hepatocellular carcinoma.The diagnosis of most hepatocellular carcinoma has progressed to the middle and late stage, and the prognosis is poor. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment are important supports to improve the clinical outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have established various hepatocellular carcinoma risk prediction models, which are conducive to improving the early diagnosis rate of hepatocellular carcinoma and reducing the mortality rate. This article reviews the risk factors and risk prediction models of chronic hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma, in order to provide reference for HBV-associated liver cancer risk monitoring and management decision.

Gastric cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and infection with Helicobacter pylori and EBV, smoking and a salt-heavy diet have been shown to be risk factors for the development of gastric cancer. Currently, numerous research has demonstrated that differences in the structure of the gastric flora can be exploited to distinguish the different stages of gastric mucosal lesions and to predict the progression of gastric cancer. Therefore, a new biomarker is presented for the diagnosis of gastric cancer based on the structural differences of the gastric flora. Gastric flora has also potential in the treatment of gastric cancer. The application of non-H. pylori flora to modulate immune cells may increase the sensitivity of tumour cells for chemotherapy, improve the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors and significantly prolong the survival of patients. This review of advances in the application of gastric flora in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer is aimed at providing a reference and basis for future research in this field.