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In this paper, an analysis was made on the varieties and standards of labiatae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine. The results showed 71 species of labiatae plants in 21 genera (including varieties) recorded in relevant literatures, involving 44 varieties of medicinal materials. Specifically, seven species (9.9%) were intersected with traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), 19 varieties (43%) were recorded in Chinese medicinal material standards at all levels, and 27 species (38%) were source plants. In Tibetan medicine standards and literatures, there are great differences between Tibetan names and translated Chinese names and among varieties of source plants. Apart from a few of varieties intersected with traditional Chinese medicines had complete standards and regulations in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, most of species only had characters, microscopic, physical and chemical identifications in Standards Issued by Ministry of Health-Tibetan Medicine, Tibetan Medicine Standard and local standards. Therefore, the Tibetan medicinal material variety-source specification and quality standard system shall be promoted on the basis of literatures research, investigations for resources and current applications and modern pharmaceutical studies.

Objective: In order to find out the pastem's content and property., Methods: The colloid substances-pastem were extracted from the grass with high pressure and high temperature and then were compared., Results: The pastem's average content was 30. 55 g/100 g. The average intrinsic viscosity of pastem was 85.01 ml/g. Using the cassava starch complex gums as a standard reference, the coefficient of hardness, elastic coefficient and coefficient of cohesion were 23.71, 1.128, 0.431, respectively., Conclusion: This study provides the theory basis of setting quality standard of country, and helps to develop the pastem's prodution.

Objective: To establish the characteristic fingerpint from Phlomis younghustbandii., Methods: The different collecting time and county samples of Phlomis younghusbandii were determined by HPLC., Results: The HPLC-FPC of Phlomis younghusbandii was set up by establishing 14 common peaks. Accuracy, stability and repeatability of the method were good., Conclusion: The peaks in the spectrum were all separated perfectly, which met the regulation of HPLC-FPC.

To investigate the correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin by sequencing ITS1 and ITS2 genes, and provide molecular information for its germplasm evaluation, ITS1 and ITS2 genes of Pogostemon cablin from different localities were identified by PCR direct sequencing. The sequences of ITS1 and ITS2 genes were 424 bp and 380 bp in length, respectively. And nineteen base substitutions were observed in ITS1 gene, and five in ITS2 gene. The results showed a good correlation between genotype and distribution of Pogostemon cablin, and ITS gene sequencing could provide useful molecular information for germplasm evaluation of the plant species verification.

Objective: To establish the characteristic fingerprint and parameter of volatile oil from Herba Pogostemonis., Methods: The dffferent collecting time and county samples of Herba Pogostemonis were determined by GC., Results: Accuracy, stability and repeatability of the method were good. The same region samples had good stability and main constituents were same in different collection time, but content were different. The samples collected from different region were more different in constituents and content., Conclusion: The 11 components in common buildup the characterisitic fingerprint of volatile oil from Herba Pogostemonis. The ratiio of pogostone to patchoulic alcohol were used index parameter for quality evaluation and characteristics of producing region.

Objective: To realize the relationships of the plants of genus C. chinensis in our country and confirm the feasible quality of the application of Hierarchical cluster in the classification of genus C. chinensis., Method: The chemical information of 20 samples of 10 kinds of plants was obtained with high-performance liquid chromatographic method and classification based on their chemical information was made through Hierarchical cluster. Flavonoids and saponins were the main components of the C. chinensis plants. We did the high-performance liquid chromatography from the flavonoids and saponins side respectively., Result: Expected results were achieved in the Hierarchical clusters of the chromatographic data of the plants of genus C. chinensis which supplied the foundation for studying crude drugs categorys and those close of C. chinensis., Conclusion: The cluster and identification results show the method is acceptable, simple, rapid, inexpensive and repeatable.

Aim: To analyze and compare the constituents of the volatile oil of Pogostemon cablin collected from different regions of cultivation and harvesting times in order to evaluate the quality of Shipai Huoxiang and to expound the chemical intension of Pogostemon cablin., Methods: The combination of GC and MS., Results: The volatile oil compositions of Herba Pogostemonis collected from various of cultivation regions and harvesting times are obviously different. Based on the chemical differences of the volatile oil compositions, Pogostemon cablin is divided into two chemotypes, Pogostone-type and Patchouliol-type. The former was cultivated in Guangzhou and Gaoyao regions, locally named as "Shipai Huoxiang"; the latter was locally named as "Hainan Huoxiang", cultivated in Wuchuan, Suixi and Leizhou regions of Guangdong Province and Wanning region of Hainan Province. The Pogostone-type contains rich oxygenated components, especially pogostone in the volatile oil compositions and poor non-oxygenated composition with patchouliol. The above chemical data may be used as evaluation standard for the authentic Shipai Huoxiang. The Patchouliol-type contains similar quantities of oxygenated and non-oxygenated composition, especially rich patchouliol with poor pogostone in oxygenated compositions, rich delta-guaiene and alpha-guaiene in non-oxygenation compositions. The contents of volatile oil and their constituents were varied due to different harvesting time. The yields of pogostone and volatile oil of Shipai Huoxiang was higher in July. The quality of the samples collected in this month was better., Conclusion: According to the volatile oil compositions, there are two chemotypes (Pogostone-type and Patchouliol-type) in Pogostemon cablin plant. These two chemotypes correspond to the genotypes of plastid matK gene and nuclear 18s rRNA gene by cluster analysis.

Aim: To analyze sequences of the nuclear ribosomal RNA small subunit (18S rRNA) gene and the chloroplast matK gene of crude drug Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) in order to provide molecular evidence for identification of Patchouli drug., Methods: To sequence the entire 18S rRNA gene and partial matK gene of Patchouli from Guangzhou and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop (Agastache rugosa) from Sichuan using PCR direct sequencing and to detect the homology of two gene sequences between these two crude drugs., Results: The complete 18S rRNA gene sequence is 1,805 bp in length for Patchouli from Guangzhou whereas 1,794 bp for Wrinkled Gianthyssop from Sichuan. The 3'-end sequence of matK gene is 521 bp (747-1,268 nt from upstream of matK gene) for these two crude drugs. Based on multiple sequence alignment, it is found that there are 18 variable sites and 11 aligned gap sites in 18S rRNA sequence, 49 variable sites in 3'-matK sequence between these two crude drugs. The homology is 98.4% for 18S rRNA and 90.6% for 3'-matK between two crude drugs, respectively., Conclusion: DNA sequencing can provide an accurate and reliable tool in the crude drug identification of Patchouli and its substitute Wrinkled Gianthyssop.

Aim: To provide molecular evidence for quality evaluation and GAP production of Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth. cultivated in different regions in Guangdong and Hainan provinces, China, by comparing two sequences (1.2 kb of plastid matK gene and 1.8 kb of nuclear 18S rRNA gene) and two chemotypes (Pogostone-type and Patchouliol-type in essential oil composition)., Methods: PCR direct sequencing was applied to detemine the matK and 18S rRNA sequences for six samples of Pogostemon cablin from different localities., Results: The matK sequences of six samples of Pogostemon cablin from different regions of cultivation are 1,245 bp in length, which coding 415 amino acids of protein (maturase), and 18S rRNA sequences are 1,803-1,805 bp in size. Based on multiple sequence alignment, there are 47 variable sites in the matK sequence of these six samples, 17 in the 18S rRNA sequence. The cluster tree reconstructed by UPGMA method shows that the sequence divergence both in matK and 18S rRNA genes among six samples of Pogostemon cablin was well correlative with their regions of cultivation and intraspecific chemotypes of essential oil composition., Conclusion: Combining with chemical and biogeographical data, DNA sequencing can become a powerful tool in the key technique-species identification of quality evaluation and GAP production of Pogostemon cablin.

Objective: To identify two types of Pogostemon cablin (Guang Huoxiang), Shipai Huoxiang and Hainan Huoxiang., Method: Morphological and microscopical methods., Results: Long bag-like glandular hairs with one-cell head existing in the intercellular space are found in the cortex of stems, mesophyll and parenchyma of midrib. The glandular hairs with special large one-cell head and with a special short and small one-cell stalk, flat bag-like cuticle above secretory cell are caved in the forms of square, triangle, convex len and round-oids are also found in the surface of leaves and stems. The primary pholem fiber bundles with very thick walls are uncontinuous and arranged with a circle in the transverse section of stems; the perimedullary cells contain needle and prism crystals. Above-mentioned characters are differed from other plants of Labiate family. The old stems are cylinderoid forms, branch angles are usually smaller than 60 degrees, the surface of upper, middle stems and young leaves with purple colour are unusual, the palisade ratio are less than 10(5.05 and 9.26 cultivated seperatedly in Guangzhou and Gaoyao), in Shipai Huoxiang. But in Hainan Huoxiang, the old stems are rectangular cylinder, branch angles are usually over 60 degrees, the surface of upper, middle stems and young leaves are commonly purple colour, the palisade ratio are over 10(14.35, 13.18, 13.84 and 14.33 cultivated separatedlly in Wuchuan, Suixi, Leizhou and Hainan)., Conclusion: Above-mentioned characters may distinguish two types of Pogostemon cablin, Shipai Huoxiang and Hainan Houxiang.

The article reports the morphological, histological and TLC identification for Herba Pogostemonis and its adulterant, Anisomeles indica, which appears recently. It provides foundation for identificating Herba Pogostemonis.

Objective: To determine the contents of buddlejasaponin IV in Clinopodium plants., Method: A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was used to determine buddlejasaponin IV in Clinopodium plants and Tabellae Clinopodii. The determination was carried out on a C18 reversed-phase column by methanol-water(70:30) elution solvent with UV detection at 210 nm., Result: The contents of buddlejasaponin IV in different samples were different. The average recovery was 101.3% and RSD 1.73%., Conclusion: The method for determining buddlejasaponin IV was established for the first time.

Four original plants of Xihuangcao have been differentiated from each other by random amplified polymorphic DNA polymorphism. The results show that RAPD technique is an effective method for identification and quality study of Chinese medicinal materials.

Studies have been made on the comparison and identification of morphological and anatomical characteristics of six species Scutellaria barbata and its adultrants. Several tables and drawings are given. This paper may be helpful to pharmacognosists for identifying commercial crude drugs.