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Objective: It was elucidated the anti-inflammatory active components and their mechanisms of action in the fruits of Diospyros lotus. Methods: Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to qualitatively analyze the chemical constituents of Diospyros lotus fruits, and combined with network pharmacology to explore the potential anti-inflammatory active components and their mechanisms of action, and validated the results by molecular docking. Results: A total of 26 flavonoid compounds, including 10 myricetin derivatives, 7 quercetin derivatives, 4 kaempferol derivatives, 2 apigenin derivatives, and 3 other flavonoid compounds, were identified from extract of D. lotus fruits based on molecular ion peaks and mass spectrometry cleavage characteristics in negative ion mode, among which 12 compounds were reported for the first time in the fruits. Network pharmacological analysis showed that compounds myricetin 3-sambubioside, myricetin 3-(2G-rhamnosylrutinoside), morin, myricetin 3-rhamnosyl-(1->2)-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, myricetin, quercetin, naringenin, apigenin and kaempferol had potential anti-inflammatory activities and exerted anti-inflammatory effects mainly related to PI3K-Akt, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and cancer signaling pathway. Molecular docking showed that the active components stably docked with the key targets, and the results were consistent with the network pharmacological predictions. Conclusion: Flavonoids in D. lotus extracts have potential anti-inflammatory effects and are useful as adjunctive preventive agents in inflammatory diseases.

Theoretical research on betavoltaic batteries require calculating characteristic parameters of the radiation-voltage conversion device，in order to predict the output characteristics under irradiation. Through the calculated output characteristics，important theoretical references for the design of betavoltaic batteries are provided. Our algorithm calculates the characteristic parameters of the radiation-voltage conversion device based on the tested dark current-voltage curve and evaluates the quality of the characteristic parameters by statistical methods. To prove the effectiveness of the algorithm，the current-voltage curves under irradiation were predicted，and compared with those obtained by exposing to a real radioactive source. Calculation results achieved good results in both curve fitting and output characteristic prediction of the radiation-voltage conversion device. The results show our algorithm can predict the output of betavoltaic battery through the dark current-voltage curve without irradiation and provide guidance for the design of batavoltaic batteries.

Uranium-zirconium alloy is an important nuclear fuel in Integral Fast Reactor, which is of great significance to study its basic physical properties at high temperature by using advanced calculation methods. This work used deep potential molecular dynamics method, which combines the high accuracy of the first principles with the high efficiency of the classical molecular dynamics, to perform an evaluation of the static and thermophysical properties of body-centered cubic phase zirconium, uranium, and uranium-zirconium alloy. Firstly, the deep potential(DP) models of body-centered cubic zirconium(Zr-BCC), body-centered cubic uranium(U-BCC), and body-centered cubic uranium-zirconium alloy(U-Zr（BCC）) were trained by using deep neural network machine learning. Secondly, the DP models were used to predict equilibrium state equation, lattice constant, elastic properties, and phonon spectrum of the three systems, and the predicted results can reach the accuracy of the first principles. Then, the variation of heat capacity and density at constant pressure of Zr-BCC, U-BCC, and U-Zr（BCC） with temperature were predicted by using DP models, and the results are in good agreement with the experimental values. The research results show that the machine learning method provides an important path for successfully exploring more complex nuclear fuel properties.

Safely and effectively increasing the permeability of coal seams and improving the efficiency of coalbed methane extraction is the key to promoting efficient energy utilization. With the increase of coal mining depth in China, the difficulty of coalbed methane mining is increasing, and the risk of gas outbursts is becoming more and more serious. The expansion fracturing technology has the unique advantages of no noise, no vibration, and no dust, which makes it have broad application prospect in the field of coal seam permeability enhancement. Through the investigation and analysis of the existing research results, the reaction mechanism of static expansion materials and the mechanism of expansion cracking and permeability improvement were analyzed, and the influence of parameters such as borehole diameter, spacing, and shape on the cracking effect of the coal body was combed, and the mechanical models of coal damage (coal damage fracture model and crack propagation model) in the process of expansion cracking were summarized, and the application status of expansion cracking technology in the field of coal seam permeability enhancement was expounded, and the research direction and development suggestions of expansion fracking technology in the field of coal seam permeability enhancement were proposed.

Achieving robust joint utilization of multidomain characteristics and deep-network features while maintaining a high jamming-recognition accuracy with limited samples is challenging. To address this issue, this paper proposes a multidomain characteristic-guided multimodal contrastive recognition method for active radar jamming. This method involves first thoroughly extracting the multidomain characteristics of active jamming and then designing an optimization unit to automatically select effective characteristics and generate a text modality imbued with implicit expert knowledge. The text modality and involved time-frequency transformation image are separately fed into text and image encoders to construct multimodal-feature pairs and map them to a high-dimensional space for modal alignment. The text features are used as anchors and a guide to time-frequency image features for aggregation around the anchors through contrastive learning, optimizing the image encoder’s representation capability, achieving tight intraclass and separated interclass distributions of active jamming. Experiments show that compared to existing methods, which involve directly combining multidomain characteristics and deep-network features, the proposed guided-joint method can achieve differential feature processing, thereby enhancing the discriminative and generalization capabilities of recognition features. Moreover, under extremely small-sample conditions (2～3 training samples for each type of jamming), the accuracy of our method is 9.84% higher than those of comparative methods, proving the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method.

The pre-oxidation combustion technology and catalytic combustion technology of pulverized coal can not only reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases and NOx, but also can ensure the high combustion efficiency of pulverized coal. Therefore, the effects of O2/Ar pretreatment and K addition on the structural characteristics of pretreated char (SC-Ar and SC-K-O2Ar) were investigated by the employment of ADCH and ESP. And the combustion mechanisms of SC-Ar and SC-K-O2Ar were determined through DFT (density functional theory) method. The study results demonstrated that the O2/Ar pretreatment with K addition altered the ADCH and ESP of SC-Ar and SC-K-O2Ar. Among them, the ADCH charges of atoms C6, C7, C8 and C9 altered from 0.18e, 0.03e, −0.25e. and −0.01e. to −0.41e., 0.01e, 0.11e and −0.16e. In the ADCH diagram, the positive charge characteristics of H in —OH and K were more pronounced. The obvious charge characteristics could be attributed to the stronger electron adsorption of atoms O and K than C. According to the combustion pathway, there were two pathways (path 1 and path 2) for the combustion of SC-K-O2Ar. The rate-determining step of path 1 was \begin{document}$ {\text{IM5}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{TS6}}}}{\text{IM6}} $\end{document}, and the corresponding value was 325.01 kJ/mol. It slightly lowered than that of in path 2 (\begin{document}$ {{{\mathrm{IM}}2'}}\xrightarrow{{{{{\mathrm{TS}}3'}}}}{{{\mathrm{IM}}3'}} $\end{document}, 360.98 kJ/mol). Therefore, the appropriate combustion route of SC-K-O2Ar was path 1. The combustion of SC-Ar also had two reaction pathways, which were called path 3 and path 4. The rate-determining step in path 3 was\begin{document}$ {\text{R}}\xrightarrow{{{\text{TS1}}}}{\text{IM1}} $\end{document}, the energy barrier is 430.34 kJ/mol. The rate-determining step in path 4 is \begin{document}$ {\text{R}}\xrightarrow{{{{{\mathrm{TS}}1'}}}}{{{\mathrm{IM}}1'}} $\end{document}, the energy barrier is 425.09 kJ/mol, slightly lower than that in path 3. Path 4 is the appropriate route for the combustion of SC-Ar. The energy barrier of rate-determining step in path 4 is lower than that in path 1. Therefore, the combustion of SC-K-O2Ar occurs more easier than SC-Ar, illustrating that the O2/Ar pretreatment with K addition could effectively promote the combustion of pretreated char.

The stress change of coal body around the gas drainage borehole is one of the important factors affecting its permeability. In order to study the permeability with different degrees of fragmentation around the gas drainage boreholes, some coal particle composite samples with different range of particle diameter were prepared by the method of continuous grading, and the triaxial permeability tests with different Talbol power exponent n were carried out to analyze the influence of the effective stress on the internal structure and permeability characteristics of the fragmented coal samples. The results show that during the loading process, the axial pressure affects the permeability by changing the porosity of the broken coal, which decreases exponentially with the increase of the axial pressure. At the early stage of loading, the increase of axial pressure makes the volume of coal sample compressed, and the internal voids are closed, which causes the decrease of porosity and the weakening of permeability, resulting in the decrease of permeability. When the axial pressure is loaded with the porosity tends to 0.1, the internal compact structure of the coal sample makes a stable permeability. In the process of increasing the Talbol power exponent n of broken coal from 0.1 to 1.0, the permeability k shows three growth periods that are slow, linear and exponential stages, which are affected by the low-grade size particle, ratio of particle size and high-grade size particle respectively. The velocity of permeate is affected by the Talbol power exponent, pressure gradient, confining and axial pressure, however, the effect of pressure gradient is more significant. The larger the Talbol power exponent and pressure gradient with the smaller the confining pressure and axial pressure are, the larger the velocity of permeate is. There are the Talbol power exponent promotion effect of permeate velocity and the axial pressure and confining pressure inhibition effect of permeate velocity. The effective stress can characterize the inhibition effect of permeate velocity caused by the axial and confining pressure very well. The permeability of broken coal with different Talbol power exponents generally decays exponentially with the increase of effective stress, but the promotion effect of the Talbol power exponent on permeability gradually weakens, while the inhibition and amplitude effect of the effective stress on permeability gradually strengthen. The parameter change of the equation between the effective stress and permeability has three stages corresponding to the permeability curve. With the increase of the Talbol power exponent n, the parameter a of the equation decreases gradually, and the inhibition effect of the effective stress increases, while the increase of b, and the amplitude effect is gradually strengthened.

ObjectiveTo screen differentially-expressed circRNA in plasma exosomes of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and verify its diagnostic value for NSCLC. MethodsThe plasma exosomes of six patients with NSCLC and six healthy people were analyzed by circRNA sequencing. The expression of hsa_circ_0052513 in plasma exosomes of 60 NSCLC patients and 60 healthy controls was detected by qRT-PCR. The expression level of hsa_circ_0052513 in plasma exosomes of NSCLC patients before and after surgery was detected by qRT-PCR. The correlation between the expression of plasma exosomal hsa_circ_0052513 and clinical data of patients with NSCLC was statistically analyzed. ResultsSequencing results showed that the expression of hsa_circ_0052513 in the plasma exosomes of NSCLC patients was higher than that of healthy controls, and the results were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Hsa_circ_0052513 was decreased in patients with NSCLC after tumor resection (P

Objective To investigate the effect of remimazolam (RE) on myocardial injury in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) rats and its mechanism. Methods The MI/R rat model was constructed and divided into sham group, MI/R model group, RE low, medium, high dose group (RE-L, RE-M, RE-H group)and Yes associated protein(YAP) inhibitor verteporfin group. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS) were recorded in each group and commercially available kit was applied to detect the level of myocardial injury marker like LDH, c-TnI and CK-MB. The size of myocardial infarction was evaluated by TTC staining. Pathological changes in myocardial tissue was microscopied by HE staining.The apoptosis of myocardial cell was observed by TUNEL method. Expression of Hippo/YAP signaling pathway proteins in myocardial tissue was detected by Western blot. Results Compared to the sham surgery group, the myocardial structure of rats in the model group was disrupted,myocardial cells were reduced, the LVFS and LVEF were decreased, the expression of YAP was greatly reduced. The level of serum LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, myocardial infarction area, myocardial cell apoptosis rate, p-MST1/MST1, p-LATS1/LATS1 and p-YAP expression were all significantly increased(P＜0.05); As compared to model group, the pathological change in myocardial tissue of rats in the low, medium, and high-dose RE groups was greatly reduced. The LVFS and LVEF were increased. The expression of YAP was significantly increased. The serum level of LDH, CK-MB, cTnI, the myocardial infarction area, myocardial cell apoptosis rate, p-MST1/MST1, p-LATS1/LATS1 and p-YAP expression were evidently reduced (P＜0.05). The YAP inhibitor verteporfin reversed the improvement effect of RE on myocardial injury in MI/R rats. Conclusions RE may improve cardiac function in MI/R rats, alleviate myocardial infarction and myocardial cell apoptosis and inhibit myocardial injury by regulating the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway.

The production splitting coefficient is a key parameter for predicting gas production and reserves, evaluating gas recovery efficiency, and guiding the optimization of well patterns in multilayer commingled gas reservoirs. Therefore, developing a reliable splitting method to calculate this coefficient is critical for the development of multilayered commingled gas reservoirs. The gas drainage radius emerges as a key parameter in determining the production splitting coefficient grounded in the physical concept of production splitting. This coefficient is influenced by several factors—such as the wellbore radius, production layer thickness, porosity, initial gas saturation, gas deviation coefficient, reservoir temperature, gas drainage radius, and average formation pressure. Usually, calculating the gas drainage radius and average formation pressure cannot be performed in actual applications. Combining the gas well deliverability and material balance equations forms a closed-loop model for calculating the production splitting coefficient. This model features three equations with three unknowns—gas drainage radius, average formation pressure, and the production splitting coefficient. It introduces a double-cycle calculation method to solve the model. Specifically, the internal cycle computes the gas drainage radius, whereas the external cycle determines the production splitting coefficient, each offering unique solutions and employing alternating forward recursion and reverse recursion rules. The establishment of a double-cycle calculation process—defined by specific cycle step sizes and an error threshold—ensures that the external cycle progresses only upon the convergence of the internal cycle. Moreover, it determines whether the internal cycle can converge. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the production splitting coefficient exhibits different patterns across different production stage layers, highlighting the accuracy and mechanism soundness of the double-cycle method compared with direct numerical simulations. Moreover, it has good feasibility in field application because it can calculate the production splitting coefficient even without known values for gas drainage radius. Comparing gas-producing profiles indicates that the dual-cycle calculation method has reliable accuracy in field applications when the gas drainage radius and average formation pressure are unknown. Ultimately, the double-cycle calculation method offers a comprehensive solution for a three-element equation system, enabling simultaneous estimations of the production splitting coefficient, gas drainage radius, and average formation pressure.

BackgroundPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of persistent organic pollu-tants. Industrial production and consumer use of PFAS are the primary sources of exposure in urban areas. E-waste recycling activities are also a significant source of environmental PFAS exposure. ObjectiveTo compare exposure profiles between traditional and emerging PFAS in neonatal cord blood collected from an e-waste recycling area and a general exposure area characterized by modern economic development (hereafter referred to as general exposure area). MethodsBased on a birth cohort study conducted in 2018, 85 pregnant women were recruited (36 participants from an e-waste recycling area and 49 participants from a general exposure area). Neonatal cord blood was collected at delivery. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to detect 28 common PFAS in the blood. A structured questionnaire was used to gather sociodemographic characteristics of the pregnant women. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare PFAS exposure levels in neonatal cord blood between the e-waste recycling area and the general exposure area. Multiple linear regression models were used to explore the influence of residing in the e-waste recycling area on neonatal PFAS exposure, with area as the independent variable and the natural logarithm of PFAS exposure levels as the dependent variable. ResultsA total of 22 PFAS were positive in neonatal cord blood, of which 13 congeners were 100% detectable in the samples from both areas. The median ∑PFAS exposure levels in neonatal cord blood were 14.19 ng·mL−1 and 14.02 ng·mL−1 for the e-waste recycling area and the general exposure area, respectively, with linear perfluorooctanoic acid (L-PFOA) showing the highest median concentration (5.49 ng·mL−1 and 6.39 ng·mL−1, respectively). The results of Mann-Whitney U tests showed that the median exposure levels of long-chain perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnDA), perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoDA), and perfluorotridecanoic acid (PFTrDA), as well as emerging alternatives 6:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (6:2 Cl-PFESA) and 8:2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonate (8:2 Cl-PFESA), were higher in the e-waste recycling area than in the general exposure area. In contrast, the median exposure levels of short-chain perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), as well as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) branched isomers, including perfluoro-6-methylheptanoic acid (iso-PFOA), perfluoro-5-methylheptanoic acid (5m-PFOA), and perfluoro-4-methylheptanoic acid (4m-PFOA), were lower in the e-waste recycling area than in the general exposure area (P

In recent years, great breakthroughs have been made in the exploration and development of natural gas in deep coal-rock reservoirs in Junggar, Ordos and other basins in China. In view of the inconsistency between the industrial and academic circles on this new type of unconventional natural gas, this paper defines the concept of “coal-rock gas” on the basis of previous studies, and systematically analyzes its characteristics of occurrence state, transport and storage form, differential accumulation, and development law. Coal-rock gas, geologically unlike coalbed methane in the traditional sense, occurs in both free and adsorbed states, with free state in abundance. It is generated and stored in the same set of rocks through short distance migration, occasionally with the accumulation from other sources. Moreover, coal rock develops cleat fractures, and the free gas accumulates differentially. The coal-rock gas reservoirs deeper than 2000 m are high in pressure, temperature, gas content, gas saturation, and free-gas content. In terms of development, similar to shale gas and tight gas, coal-rock gas can be exploited by natural formation energy after the reservoirs connectivity is improved artificially, that is, the adsorbed gas is desorbed due to pressure drop after the high-potential free gas is recovered, so that the free gas and adsorbed gas are produced in succession for a long term without water drainage for pressure drop. According to buried depth, coal rank, pressure coefficient, reserves scale, reserves abundance and gas well production, the classification criteria and reserves/resources estimation method of coal-rock gas are presented. It is preliminarily estimated that the coal-rock gas in place deeper than 2 000 m in China exceeds 30×1012 m3, indicating an important strategic resource for the country. The Ordos, Sichuan, Junggar and Bohai Bay basins are favorable areas for large-scale enrichment of coal-rock gas. The paper summarizes the technical and management challenges and points out the research directions, laying a foundation for the management, exploration, and development of coal-rock gas in China.

Taste is an important quality attribute of tea. In order to find out the taste quality of green teas made from the major varieties in Wanzhou district, Chongqing, the taste profile of the tea infusions was determined by sensory evaluation and 5 taste components including catechins, free amino acids, alkaloids, flavanols and their glycosides, and organic acids were analyzed by targeted detection methods. The results showed that there were obvious differences in the taste quality of green teas prepared from the 4 varieties of tea trees. Sichuan middle- and small-leafed tea group variety had a strong taste, and ‘Anji Baicha’ had an obvious fresh and brisk taste with mellow sweet aftertaste. ‘Fuding Dabaicha’ tasted strong with fresh and brisk taste and mellow sweet aftertaste. ‘Zhonghuang 1’ tasted fresh and brisk but less strong. The results of taste component analysis showed that the Sichuan middle- and small-leafed tea group variety contained high contents of catechins but low contents of free amino acids. ‘Anji Baicha’ had the highest content of free amino acids. The content of each flavor component was high in ‘Fuding Dabaicha’, and the contents of total flavor components and water extract of ‘Zhonghuang 1’ were low. The results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the 4 varieties could be well distinguished. Thirteen major taste contributors such as rutin and caffeine were identified. The differential analysis indicated that aspartic acid, glutamic acid and theanine were the major contributors to the fresh and brisk taste characteristics of ‘Anji Baicha’ and ‘Fuding Dabaicha’. Yangmeiin-3-O-galactoside and chrysin were the major taste contributors for ‘Zhonghuang 1’ that distinguished it from the other 3 varieties. There were also large differences in taste components within the Sichuan middle- and small-leafed tea group variety, with samples C4 and C5 being closer to each other. They both contained high contents of flavonoid glycosides, having a strong astringent taste. This study provides a reference for research to improve the flavor quality of green tea in Wanzhou district.

Objective: To study the spectrum-effect relationship between the extracts of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum and its antioxidant activity, and to clarify the quality markers of its antioxidant activity. Methods: The extract was prepared and separated by macroporous resin elution, six different elution sites were obtained using ethanol at concentrations of 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%. The fingerprints of the Tetrastigma hemsleyanum extract and each elution site were established by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and the characteristic peaks were screened. The free radical scavenging rate of 1,1-diphenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine (DPPH) was used as an antioxidant index to investigate the antioxidant activity of the extract and each elution site of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. The Pearson correlation coefficient method and orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) method were combined to analyze and study the spectrum-effect relationship between the characteristic peaks and the antioxidant activity, to screen the quality markers, and to analyze and identify the chemical compositions. Results: Under the positive and negative ion modes, 57 and 92 characteristic peaks were identified in the extract and each elution site of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum, respectively. The combined results of Pearson correlation coefficient and OPLS analysis showed that 14 ion peaks contributed more to the antioxidant activity, which was vanillin (P2), catechin (P13, N19), rutin (P27, N54), and isoquercitrin (P28), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (P33, N61), proanthocyanidin B (N18), proanthocyanidin C (N22), and ion peaks N23, N25, N26, and N29, respectively. Conclusion: UPLC-Q-TOF-MS fingerprints of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum extract and each elution site were established, and the quality markers of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum antioxidant activity were revealed to provide technical support for the formulation of quality standards and resource development and utilization of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum.

Fish are generally classified as herbivorous, carnivorous, omnivorous, or filter-feeders according to feeding habits, including the feeding method and food content. The feeding habits of fish are reflected in their digestive organ, mainly the intestine. The intestine tract is the main site for digestion and nutritional uptake, and it is regarded as a key organ in fish nutrition. Reportedly, fish gut microbiota contributes to digestion and affect gastrointestinal tract development as well as the overall growth of the fish. The disruption of the intestinal microbiota induced by their feeding habit via diet usually affects the digestive functions of the host through disturbance in bacterial digestive enzyme production. Feeding habits determine the feed composition, which shapes the microbial communities in fish. For example, diet has been reported as a dominant cause of variation in the microbiota composition of rainbow trout. In contrast, feeding habit, which is regulated by many factors, including intrinsic and external factors, such as appetite, structure of the digestive tract, and feed palatability, is an important area of research in the intestinal microflora study. The feeding habit of fishes is one of the main factors affecting the differential colonization of fish intestinal flora. For example, the feeding habit increases the colonization of fish intestinal flora in the order omnivorous > herbivorous > carnivorous. It is also known that feeding habits influence intestinal digestion and structure. However, the influence of feeding habit on proximate composition, digestive enzyme secretion, and intestinal histomorphology is currently not well-known in fish. On the contrary, the feeding habit affects the composition and diversity of the intestinal microflora of fish. The composition and diversity of the microbiota in Carassius auratus, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Siniperca chuatsi, and Schizothorax grahami from the same environment have also not previously been studied. The present study aimed to compare and analyze the differences in the composition and diversity of the intestinal microflora of four fish species, investigating the relationship between their feeding habits and intestinal microflora as well. This study collected 12 intestine samples from each of the four fishes with different feeding habits, including omnivorous (C. auratus), herbivorous (C. idella), filter-feeder (S. chuatsi), and carnivorous (S. grahami), from the same pond. The composition and diversity of the microbial communities were determined by using high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA. Meanwhile, this study investigated the effects of feeding habits on the composition and diversity of the intestinal microflora of fish and predicted the potential functions of specific microflora with different nutrients. The results showed that the diversity of the intestinal microflora in fish was significantly affected by feeding habit (P < 0.05), such that higher levels occurred in the order omnivorous (C. auratus) > herbivorous (C. idella) > filter-feeder (S. grahami) > carnivorous (S. chuatsi). Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the common dominant flora among the four fishes, although there were differences at the genera and species levels. For example, Acinetobacter and Bacteroides species were the most dominant flora in S. chuatsi and C. idella, respectively. Function prediction showed that the intestinal tract of S. chuatsi was mainly gram-negative. The disease resistance potential of C. idella was slightly higher than that of the other three fish species. Acinetobacter johnsonii, Acinetobacter lwoffii, and Pseudomonas stutzeri might help the host to digest protein, while Bacteroidetes may help the host to digest cellulose. In conclusion, feeding habit is one of the main factors affecting the differential colonization of fish intestinal flora. Analyzing the correlation between feeding habits and dominant intestinal flora as well as exploring the function of specific flora, could lay a theoretical foundation for studying the microbial effect of fish nutrition metabolism.

Structural fractures are pivotal in enhancing the physical properties of buried hill reservoirs within basement metamorphic rocks, thereby increasing oil and gas productivity. However, there is limited comprehensive, multi-scale investigations into the development characteristics and main controlling factors of such fractures. Taking B block in the Bohai Bay Basin as a case study, this research systematically synthesized thin-section, core, and imaging logging data to delineate the characteristics of structural fractures in buried hill reservoirs within basement metamorphic rocks. This study identified the principal controlling factors and revealed the influencing factors and development patterns of these fractures. The study area mainly developed shear fractures, followed by tensile fractures, with lesser occurrences of oblique and vertical fractures. The fractures exhibited a high overall filling degree, primarily filled with mud followed by carbonate. Four groups of structural fractures in near-EW, NE-SW, NW-SE and NNW-SSE directions were identified. Among them, the near-EW fractures were more developed, indicating that the strong compressive environment during the early stage of Indosinian was crucial for widespread fracture development. The development of structural fractures in the study area was mainly controlled by rock mechanics properties, tectonic activity, weathering processes, reservoir physical properties, and lithology. The effectiveness of structural fractures was mainly controlled by factors including the angle between the maximum horizontal principal stress direction and the orientation of structural fractures, tectonic movement, fracture filling and dissolution. Vertically, the influence of weathering decreased with depth in buried hill reservoirs, with local development of dissolution pores along faults in the internal zones. Rocks with different mechanical properties showed different degrees of fracture development. Rocks with higher brittleness index exhibited higher degree of fracture development. Laterally, the line density of structural fractures in the core of the anticlines was greater than that in the flanks, providing favorable conditions for the development of structural fractures when reservoir porosity and permeability were within suitable ranges.

Under the influence of multiple mining influences, the mining pressure is more intense and the surrounding rock deformation is large, which is easy to cause the surrounding rock instability of gob-side entry retaining in fully mechanized mining face. In order to study the surrounding rock control problem of gob-side entry retaining in large mining height working face, taking 1313 working face retaining roadway as the research background, the movement characteristics of surrounding rock of gob-side entry retaining roadway were analyzed through theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, on-site practice, and other methods. The “support unloading balance” coordinated control technology for roadway surrounding rock was proposed, which strengthened the support strength of roadway surrounding rock and improved the stress environment of roadway surrounding rock. It was verified through on-site engineering practice. The deformation of the top and bottom of the roadway in a mine 1313 working face is 246 mm, and the deformation of the two sides is 442 mm. There is no obvious bulging phenomenon on the surface of the roadway, and the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway meets the relevant regulations of the operation regulations.

Study of chemical properties of water radical cations is of great significance for elucidating related reactions process. In this paper, the reaction characteristics of (H2O)2+• prepared online with several benzene derivatives were investigated. The results showed that, when (H2O)2+• reacted with aromatic compounds without electron-withdrawing groups, such as benzene (C6H6, 78 u), anisole (C7H8O, 108 u) and 2,4-dimethylaniline (C8H11N, 121 u), the corresponding phenol product ((C6H5OH) +•, m/z 94), (C7H7O−OH)+•, m/z 124) and (C8H10NOH+H)+, m/z 138)) were observed, accompanied with the production of electron transfer (ET) products (C6H6) +•, (C7H8O) +•) or proton transfer (PT) product ((C8H11N+H)+). Isotope labeling experiments proved that OH in corresponding phenol products was originated from (H2O)2+•. Interestingly, when (H2O)2+• reacted with substituted benzenes bearing strong electron-withdrawing group, such as benzonitrile (C6H5CN, 103 u) and nitrobenzene (C6H5NO2, 123 u), the main products were the radical substituted adducts (C6H5CN+ H2O)+• (m/z 121) and (C6H5NO2+H2O)+• (m/z 141), respectively, without phenol products or substituted benzene radical cation were noticed. It was obvious that the reaction between (H2O)2+• and the substrate occurred through four competing processes: (a) electron transfer (ET) reaction, in which aromatic compounds release an electron to (H2O)2+• to from an aromatic radical cation; (b) proton transfer (PT) reaction in which aromatic compounds got a proton derived from the dissociation of (H2O)2+•; (c) dissociative electron transfer (DET) reaction, accompanied with the electron transfer process, C−H bond cleavage and C−OH bond formation; (d) radical substitution reaction in which a radical cation adduct consisting of aromatic molecule and H2O generates. It was speculated that the diverse reactivity of (H2O)2+• was owe to its two interchange structures ((H2O)H+−•OH and [H2O∴OH2]+•) generates. It was proposed that the electron withdrawing groups on the aromatic ring would benefit for the existence of two-center and three-electron structure of (H2O)2+• and induced the radical substitution reaction. In contrary, compounds without electron withdrawing groups or bearing electron donating groups on the aromatic ring would contribute to the presence of proton transfer structure of (H2O)2+• (containing H+ and •OH) and facilitate the C−OH bond formation. This study will help to elucidate the chemical reaction processes involving benzene or substituted benzenes and (H2O)2+•.

The large number of network elements in the mega-constellations pose a severe challenge to the existing network architecture and technical system.Based on the concept and characteristics of constellation architecture, combined with the development of domestic and foreign satellite constellations and technology prediction, a multi-layer and multi-domain hybrid intelligent cooperative network architecture was proposed, which consist of four layers (perception plane, data plane, control plane, intelligent management plane) and three layers (resource layer, transport layer, service layer) , the architecture of constellation network management and control, technology reference model and protocol architecture were designed.At the same time, accorded to the construction and development trend of constellation, this paper expounded and analyzed the evolution trend of the key technologies, such as constellation network addressing and routing, network robust agile guarantee, differentiated service bearing, end-to-end reliable transmission, etc.The research results could support the development and construction of LEO giant constellation network in our country.

Phospholipid is widely found in eggs, poultry, legume seeds and aquatic products, which is prone to oxidation degradation during food processing and storage. Moderate oxidation gives food a special flavor, while excessive oxidation will cause food quality deterioration and a decrease in food flavor. The oxidation of phospholipid could be influenced by light, temperature, and oxygen. Phospholipid oxidation is complex and gives rise to a wide range of products. When used singly, existing analytical techniques cannot accurately evaluate the level of phospholipid oxidation, and the regulation techniques for phospholipid oxidation have limitations from safety and economical perspectives. This paper gives an overview of the mechanism, detection and regulation techniques for the oxidative degradation of phospholipids, which will facilitate a systematic understanding of the oxidative degradation of phospholipids during the processing and storage of meat and aquatic products and may also provide a theoretical basis for regulating food flavor and improving food quality.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to analyzes the shock response characteristics of a large-scale floating shock platform (LFSP) subjected to underwater explosion. MethodsThe acoustic-solid coupling approach is used as the basis for the numerical simulation. The validity of the calculation method used in this paper is verified by comparing the experimental data with simulation, and the shock response characteristics of the location of interest in the LFSP's inner bottm plating is investigated in terms of its longitudinal section distribution as well as the effects of changes in the horizontal distance to the blast source on the whole shock environment of LFSP's inner bottom structure, thereby the LFSP's shock response prediction formula is obtained by fitting method.ResultsThe results indicate that the shock response characteristics of the locations (i.e. outer and inner plates, longitudinal section in centre plane) distributed along the longitudinal section of the inner bottom structure are basically the same. The shock response amplitude of the front and back sides of the floating platform are small, while that of the middle is large. The shock responses of the outer and inner plates differ, and the spectral velocity of the inner plate is greater than that of the outer plate, while the spectral displacement of the outer plate is greater than that of the inner plate.ConclusionsThe measurement points within the inner bottom plating are excited so spikes appear in the shock spectral lines, resulting in the spectral velocity of the inner plate is higher than that of the outer plate. The horizontal distance of bottom plate to the blast source is smaller so the shock response is stronger, bringing about a greater spectral displacement of the outer plate than that of the inner plate.

According to studies by relevant scholars, the ground subsidence rate in Sanhe City, Hebei, increased gradually from 2003 to 2016, with the most severe subsidence observed in the Yanjiao area , which has become contiguous with the subsidence area in Tongzhou, Beijing. However, the development trend of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City after 2016 remains unclear. With the implementation of national policies such as the integration of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the construction of Beijing’s sub-center, it is crucial to identify the development and evolution characteristics of land subsidence disasters in Sanhe City and analyze their causes to ensure the urban safety and sustainable development of Sanhe City. In this context, the authors used SBAS-InSAR technology to interpret the evolution characteristics of ground subsidence in Sanhe City from 2018 to 2020, and analyzed several inducing factors that led to land subsidence in Sanhe City, summarizing the main causes. Through this study, the spatial distribution and evolutionary characteristics of land subsidence disasters in Sanhe City were grasped: the western part of the city exhibits severe subsidence, while the eastern part is less affected, with a focus on the overall characteristics of key subsidence areas. Two main subsidence areas were identified, namely, the Yanjiao Town subsidence area with three subsidence funnels and the DuanJialing town subsidence area with one subsidence funnel, with the former being the most severely affected. From 2018 to 2020, the overall trend of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City showed a slowdown. Through comparative analysis, it was determined that severe overexploitation of groundwater, soil properties, urbanization development, and population growth are the main factors contributing to the occurrence and development of ground subsidence disasters in Sanhe City. The research results of this paper will provide reference for the prevention and control of ground subsidence disasters in the region.

Due to the use of lumbar folding steering for heavy-duty articulated vehicles in coal mines, the lateral stiffness is weak and the disturbance factors are complex, making it more difficult to operate and easily causing safety problems. A new pump controlled electro-hydraulic steering system with lateral motion feedback compensation was proposed to improve the safe driving and handling performance of coal mine heavy-duty articulated vehicles in wet and low adhesion road environments, and further enhance the intelligent level of coal mine auxiliary transportation. A four-degree-of-freedom dynamics model of articulated vehicle and a mathematical model of pump-controlled electro-hydraulic steering system were established, including front body longitudinal, lateral, yaw and rear body yaw motion. Based on the yaw velocity and lateral acceleration of the decoupling dynamics model, the two-channel articulated steering control strategy of “steering control follow - yaw stability compensation” was designed. The steering control follow channel can realize the real-time tracking of the steering input of the driver by the articulated angle. The yaw stability compensation channel ensures that the actual yaw velocity is close to the ideal yaw velocity by actively adjusting the articulated angle. By setting up a pre-filters and attenuation integrator, an active steering control system was designed, which provides corrective action by adjusting the steering angle to ensure that the vehicle can follow the driver's intention and maintain path following. Based on the dSPACE/DS1007 semi physical simulation platform, some simulation tests were conducted on the low adhesion steering conditions of articulated mining vehicles. The effectiveness of the active controller for tracking the desired path of articulated vehicles was verified by simulating the J-shaped turning condition and selecting the low friction coefficient road conditions for the medium to low speed operation. Meanwhile, based on the experimental conditions of equivalent low adhesion coefficient road surface covered with ice and snow, a 25 t coal mine heavy-duty articulated support truck was used for actual vehicle turning experiments. The results show that the dynamics model of articulated vehicle and a mathematical model of pump-controlled electro-hydraulic steering system established can truly reflect the lumbar folding motion state of this type of vehicle by decoupling the yaw rate and lateral acceleration. The two-channel articulated steering control strategy of "steering control follow - yaw stability compensation" based on the analysis of articulated vehicle yaw stability control, as well as the designed active control system, can effectively improve the lateral stability of articulated vehicles under low adhesion coefficient road conditions, and the system has not changed the driver's driving experience, and after active control intervention, it can timely, safely, and smoothly hand over the vehicle's driving rights to the driver.

Based on the data of outcrop, core, logging, gas testing, and experiments, the natural gas accumulation and aluminous rock mineralization integrated research was adopted to analyze the controlling factors of aluminous rock series effective reservoirs in the Ordos Basin, NW China, as well as the configuration of coal-measure source rocks and aluminous rock series reservoirs. A natural gas accumulation model was constructed to evaluate the gas exploration potential of aluminous rock series under coal seam in the basin. The effective reservoirs of aluminous rock series in the Ordos Basin are composed of honeycomb-shaped bauxites with porous residual pisolitic and detrital structures, with the diasporite content of greater than 80% and dissolved pores as the main storage space. The bauxite reservoirs are formed under a model that planation controls the material supply, karst paleogeomorphology controls diagenesis, and land surface leaching improves reservoir quality. The hot humid climate and sea level changes in the Late Carboniferous–Early Permian dominated the development of a typical coal-aluminum-iron three-stage stratigraphic structure. The natural gas generated by the extensive hydrocarbon generation of coal-measure source rocks was accumulated in aluminous rock series under the coal seam, indicating a model of hydrocarbon accumulation under the source. During the Upper Carboniferous–Lower Permian, the relatively low-lying area on the edge of an ancient land or island in the North China landmass was developed. The gas reservoirs of aluminous rock series, which are clustered at multiple points in lenticular shape, are important new natural gas exploration fields with great potential in the Upper Paleozoic of North China Craton.

Explosion-proof diesel engine is one of the most widely used power sources for auxiliary transportation vehicles in coal mines at present. It is affected by explosion-proof transformation and harsh underground environment, resulting in serious exhaust pollution, which is contrary to the green mine development strategy. The emission standard of Non-road National Stage III has been implemented in coal mine since December 2020, but at the present stage, the exhaust gas purification of explosion-proof diesel engines for mining uses the internal pretreatment technology, which cannot meet the emission requirements of the Non-road National Stage IV and higher standards. Aiming at the problems of serious exhaust pollution and lagging exhaust purification technology, a four-element combined exhaust aftertreatment system was designed. Through simulation and bench test, the structural parameters optimization of key components and the purification performance of exhaust were studied. First of all, according to the explosion-proof requirements of underground coal mines, a four-element combined exhaust aftertreatment system of explosion-proof diesel engine composed of Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC), Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF), Selective Catalyst Reduction (SCR), and Explosion-proof & Temperature Control device（EPTC） was designed, which exceeds the Non-road National Stage IV standard. The heat transfer analysis of EPTC device structure was carried out through the STAR-CCM+ software. The results show that the pipe wall temperature is less than 150℃, which could meet the explosion-proof requirements of coal mine safety regulations. Then, taking a 60 kW explosion-proof diesel engine as the research object, the simulation models of DOC, SCR and DPF aftertreatment components were built based on the GT-Power software. The key structural parameters and purification performance of the aftertreatment system were optimized by orthogonal test, and the optimal structural parameters of the key components were determined, and the following rules were obtained. The purification efficiency of pollutants increases with the increase of carrier diameter, carrier length and channel density of DOC and SCR. The effect of carrier length and diameter on the capture efficiency of DPF is consistent with the laws of DOC and SCR. Due to the special wall flow carrier structure of DPF, the capture efficiency of PM particles can always be maintained around 96% as the channel density increases. On this basis, the coupling model of the explosion-proof diesel engine and the aftertreatment system was established, and the simulation test of purification efficiency, power and economy of exhaust pollutants from explosion-proof diesel engine was carried out. Finally, a prototype of exhaust aftertreatment system was developed and bench test was carried out. The purification efficiency of the system for CO, NO, HC and particulate matter is greater than 95%, 90%, 83% and 95% respectively, which could meet the requirements of the Non-road National Stage IV standard. The overall output torque of explosion-proof diesel engine equipped with exhaust aftertreatment system decreased by 4.83% on average, and the overall fuel consumption rate increased by 1.19% on average, which had little impact on the power and economy of explosion-proof diesel engine.

Background Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective treatment for hematopoietic malignancies. Malnutrition is a common complication and negatively affects prognosis. Muscle mass has been shown to reflect the nutritional status of patients earlier than blood biochemical parameters such as albumin. However, the influence of pre-transplantation skeletal muscle mass (SMM) on the complications associated with early transplantation remains unclear. Objective To investigate the effect of pre-transplant SMM on the early outcomes of allo-HSCT, provide a clinical basis for nutritional interventions and prognosis improvement. Methods A study was conducted with 77 leukemia patients who underwent allo-HSCT at the Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University from January to October 2022. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to assess skeletal muscle mass. The patients were divided into the normal SMM group of 36 cases and low SMM group of 41 cases according to their SMM. Baseline data, including personal and clinical details, were collected. Early post-transplant complications (within 30 days post-transplant) such as oral mucositis, gastrointestinal symptoms, infection and hematopoietic reconstitution time between the two groups were compared using SPSS 23.0 software. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain/gastritis incidence between the normal and low SMM groups (P>0.05). The incidence of oral mucositis, hypoalbuminemia, overt gastrointestinal bleeding, and infection was lower in the normal SMM group than in the low SMM group (P

With the gradual application of duplex stainless steel in the oil and gas industry, the application of offshore oil and gas fields and acid service conditions increases. Correspondingly, the failure risk of duplex stainless steel in a hydrogen environment gradually increases. At present, the hydrogen damage failure faced by duplex stainless steel pipelines in offshore oil and gas fields mainly occurs in seawater protects the environment through the cathodic and acidic service environment containing H2S. The introduction of hydrogen could impact the corrosion properties and microstructure of the duplex stainless steel. In addition, it inevitably suffers from hydrogen damage, including hydrogen embrittlement and hydrogen cracking. This work reviews the research status of the influence of hydrogen on duplex stainless steels, including hydrogen damage problems, corrosion properties, and microstructure changes caused by hydrogen entering duplex stainless steel, to guide the application of duplex stainless steel in the oil and gas industry in a hydrogen environment. The similarities and differences of hydrogen damage problems in duplex stainless steel under two failure scenarios are summarized. Both belong to the failure caused by hydrogen introduction: the cathodic protection environment tends to hydrogen-induced cracking, whereas the H2S environment tends to hydrogen bubbling. Measures to reduce hydrogen-induced cracking in duplex stainless steel are proposed in two situations: applying appropriate negative retention potential and controlling the H2S partial voltage. The influence of hydrogen on the corrosion behavior of duplex stainless steel is mainly manifested in the introduction of hydrogen changes the composition and structure of the passivation film, changes the type of passivation film semiconductor (from p-type to n-type) and selective corrosion, and promotes the occurrence of pitting corrosion, selective corrosion, and accelerated crevice corrosion. The influence of hydrogen on the microstructure of duplex stainless steel is manifested in hydrogen-induced phase transition (induction of martensite transition in the austenite phase and induction of ferrite phase difference microtwinning) and a sharp increase in dislocation density, which further promotes the hydrogen embrittlement of duplex stainless steel. The diffusion path and distribution of hydrogen in duplex stainless steel are the basis for understanding the correlation between local hydrogen concentration and structural changes, and the diffusion behavior of hydrogen in the two phases of duplex stainless steel is different. Moreover, austenite is regarded as a hydrogen trap because of its high solubility and low diffusion coefficient for hydrogen. The research status of hydrogen diffusion and distribution in duplex stainless steel was analyzed: the diffusion path of hydrogen in duplex stainless steel was tortuous, easily accumulated at grain boundaries, and then diffused to ferrite. Modern analytical techniques and methods related to hydrogen are introduced, focusing on two methods: the hydrogen sensitivity method and the structural characterization method. Further, the development trend of duplex stainless steel research in hydrogen environment is proposed: the corrosion behavior problem has basically reached a consensus, the hydrogen damage problem needs to be studied, and relevant theoretical mechanisms are not perfect. Thus, a new hydrogen damage theoretical model must be developed, and modern analysis technology must be combined with theoretical computational simulations.

The dynamic parameters of the dangerous rock mass can represent the damage to the structural plane between the dangerous rock mass and the bedrock. For a dangerous rock mass in the field, measuring the first-order natural frequency by artificially stimulating the dangerous rock mass is difficult. Therefore, how to measure the dynamic parameters of dangerous rock mass based on constant micromotion remains an urgent issue. In this paper, the vibration of a dangerous rock mass undergoing excitation from constant micromotion is categorized as forced undamped structural vibration with a single degree of freedom. The ratio of the amplitude of the spectrum of the dangerous rock mass to the amplitude of the spectrum of the bedrock refers to the relative amplitude spectrum. The first-order natural frequency of the dangerous rock mass is determined at the frequency associated with the maximum peak point of the relative amplitude K > 1. The possibility of calculating the first-order intrinsic frequency of dangerous rock bodies under constant micromotion conditions was confirmed by modeling experiments using macroscopic crack-controlled dangerous rock mass (cantilever and shear fractured dangerous rock mass) and microscopic crack-controlled dangerous rock mass (sliding dangerous rock mass) as the study objects. The possibility of determining the first-order natural frequency of dangerous rock mass under underdamped conditions was experimentally confirmed. The damage and weakening of the structural plane of the cantilever dangerous rock mass and shear fractured dangerous rock mass were simulated by cutting the trailing edge cracks. Analysis of the experimental data revealed that the first-order natural frequency has a significant downward trend with an increasing degree of damage. Conversely, those of the structural plane of the sliding dangerous rock mass were simulated by hydrosol melting, demonstrating that with increasing degrees of damage, the first-order natural frequency did not change significantly, but the center frequency changed significantly. The experimental results show that the structural plane damage of the macroscopic crack-controlled dangerous rock mass can be recognized by the first-order natural frequency. The structural plane damage of the dangerous rock mass controlled by microscopic cracks can be identified by the center frequency change in the high-frequency range of the dangerous rock mass. Therefore, it will be more effective to determine the structural surface damage of dangerous rock mass by combining first-order natural and center frequencies in the high-frequency range.

Due to the advantages in low cost, ease of maintenance and license-exempt spectrum, etc, IEEE 802.11ax is widely adopted in industrial control applications.For a wireless networked control system based on IEEE 802.11ax, a control-aware resource scheduling method was proposed to support the wireless high-speed control of multiple control systems.Firstly, considering the packet dropout problem of sensing data in IEEE 802.11ax, the optimal state estimator and the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control of the studied control system were given.Secondly, the dependency between the LQG performance and the transmission reliability of IEEE 802.11ax was analyzed, the expected LQG performance minimization problem of resource scheduling was formulated, and further, an LQG control-aware resource scheduling (LCARS) method was proposed.Finally, the effectiveness of the LCARS method was demonstrated via extensive simulations.LCARS can be applied to smart factory applications including navigation of automated guided vehicles, remote control of robots and so on.

The architecture of satellite Internet composed of LEO satellites with remote sensing/inter-satellite and satellite-earth networking, on-board edge computing functions, and ground cloud computing centers, and various types of terminals such as sky, near space, space, ground, sea terminals was put forward.The functional architecture of on-board edge computing, included resource layer, virtualization layer, service layer, service management layer and application layer was given.On the basis of proposed the construction method of on-board edge computing simulation and verification system, a satellite Internet simulation and verification system serving space sensing services was designed, and space-based sensing information processing and distribution experiments were carried out.According to the comparison of network resource occupation and user service delay with different information processing and distribution methods, the capability level of satellite Internet for space sensing services under different capability conditions were analyzed.

Aiming at the development problems of deep coal reservoirs, such as deep burial, low permeability and complex stress field, this paper clarifies that the resource enrichment conditions, effective fracturing volume, effective horizontal section length, and good reservoir conditions are the key factors for high productivity on the basis of summarizing the exploration and development practice of the Daning-Jixian Block in the past five years. Under the guidance of the theory of “artificial gas reservoir” development, a technical system for the efficient development of deep coalbed methane was preliminarily established as follows. ① According to the reservoir resource conditions, structural preservation conditions and engineering fracturing conditions, a total of 11 indicators in three categories established the geological-engineering “dessert” evaluation standards of deep coalbed methane. ② Based on the techniques such as microstructural characterization, multi-scale fracture prediction, and 3D geological model construction, the quantitative and visual characterization of all elements of “geology + engineering” of deep coal seam was achieved. ③ Based on the guiding idea of “geological small scale, three-dimensional seismic microscale, drill along the target, less adjustment and fast drilling”, a three-stage geological-engineering geo-steering technology with an excellent design of pre-drilling trajectory, precise target entry and post-target fine-tuning as the core was developed.④ The optimization design of the five-in-one well network based on “in-situ stress field, natural fracture field, artificial fracture field, well type and orientation, well network and well spacing” realized the maximization of resource utilization and the maximization of gas field recovery. ⑤ According to the occurrence characteristics, seepage mechanism and production characteristics of deep coalbed methane, a reasonable production capacity evaluation and EUR prediction technology based on the rate-transient analysis method, the empirical production decline method, the numerical simulation method, and the empirical analogy method was formed. ⑥ Following to the design principle of “four-in-one” precision fracturing section and “fracture staggering + differentiation between fracturing segments”, a large-scale volumetric fracturing technology aimed at constructing artificial gas reservoirs was proposed.⑦ According to the characteristics of gas-water variation in gas wells, the optimal control technology of drainage and production in different production stages through the whole life cycle of wells was put forwarded. ⑧ Combined with the current progress of AI technology, and the characteristics of deep coalbed methane development law, gathering and transportation, the technology of gathering, transportation and digital intelligence integrating geological, engineering, and ground aspects was explored. Under the guidance of this achievement, 29 horizontal wells that have been put into production，with an initial production of 5×104−16×104 m3/d, an average of 10.2×104 m3/d, and the daily gas production of the block has exceeded 3 million cubic meters, which has important guiding significance for accelerating the large-scale production of deep coalbed methane in the eastern margin of the Ordos basin. Also the study establishes a reference and standard for the efficient development of similar resources.

In this investigation, the starch-Lycium barbarum complex (CS-LB) was fabricated using corn starch (CS) and Lycium barbarum (LB) through a high-speed shear method. The stability of the guest molecules was also explored. The influence of shear time, rotational speed, and LB to CS mass ratio on Lycium barbarum pigment (LP) content and its stability were investigated. The CS-LB was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was found that the content of LP in the product was 0.99±0.03 mg per gram when the shear time was 1.5 hours, the rotational speed was 12000 r/min, and the mass ratio of LB to CS was 3:1. The SEM results illustrated that the products had an agglomerated morphology. The XRD results showed that the crystal domain of starch particles was destroyed and transformed into amorphous structures due to the high-speed shear treatment, but the CS-LP crystalline structure changed into a V-type, which was promoted by the interaction between CS and active components of LB. The FT-IR results showed that the absorption peak at 3421 cm−1 shifted, indicating that CS and LB were bound through hydrogen bonds. The TGA results showed that the thermal stability of the product was also enhanced, with a mass retention rate of 36% at 600 ℃ for the composite. Thus, the CS-LB could be effectively fabricated by high-speed shear treatment. Additionally, it was found that the composite could effectively reduce the effects of temperature, oxygen, and light on the stability of guest molecules in stability experiments. The shelf-life of guest molecules was also extended, enabling them to perform their related functions better.

In order to play the important role of safety culture in accident prevention, we use the method of safety culture improvement based on accident causation “2-4” model (24Model) to study the status quo of safety culture construction in a coal enterprise and put forward improvement measures. Firstly, the applicability of the safety culture level improvement method in our country under the vision of 24Model is clarified. Then, starting with the current situation of safety culture level and safety concepts, we carry out practical research. Finally, the improvement measures are put forward. The results show that the safety culture level of the enterprise is generally better than that of the domestic or the same industry with poor safety performance, and worse than that of the enterprise with good safety performance; the enterprise’s safety concepts involves 13 aspects of 32 elements; the first-line workers, monitors, professionals and management of the enterprise have a poor understanding of some elements, and only elements 3, 4, 6, 13 and 16 of these poorly understood elements are reflected in the enterprise’s safety concepts; fourteen improved safety concepts are proposed to improve the enterprise’s safety culture level.

Objective At present, the oil companies international marine forum (OCIMF) rules are frequently used to calculate wind load for large tankers and the American petroleum institute (API) rules for offshore platforms. However, due to the complexity of floating production storage and offloading (FPSO) superstructures, whether these two sets of rules can be applied to the wind load calculation of FPSO requires further study.MethodsThis paper establishes a numerical model of a 300 000-ton class FPSO with a universal superstructure. The wind load on the FPSO under severe sea conditions and different wind angles is calculated and compared to the results of the rules. The shielding effect and heeling angle of the FPSO are analyzed. ResultsThe maximum heeling moment and wind load under an upright floating attitude appear at a 270° wind angle. The heeling moment and wind load under a heeling floating attitude are greater than those under an upright floating attitude, and the maximum heeling moment appears at a 10.5° heeling angle and a 280° wind angle. The results of the API and OCIMF rules show big differences compared with CFD: the differences between their results at a 270° wind angle and CFD are 13.6% and 24.5% respectively. Conclusion The flow field details obtained by numerical simulation are conducive to analyzing the shielding effect between superstructures and enhancing the accuracy of ship wind load prediction, thereby providing valuable references for the stability design of FPSO.

ObjectiveIn order to improve the safety of ship navigation, this study focuses on virtually aided ship navigation strategies.MethodsTwo different inland river routes are chosen for the simulation of virtually aided ship navigation models based on the fluid-structure interaction mechanism, while taking the navigation rules and flow details of the rivers into consideration. The simulation of the ship sailing process on a typical inland river route under specific current conditions provides the corresponding virtually aided navigation plan in which the ship's velocity, location and course are obtained in a timely manner. ResultsIt is found that the simulation method established on the basis of Fluent can be used to solve the problems of multi-degree-of-freedom motion and fluid-structure interaction. When sailing through bends or branches, steering with a small rudder angle over long distances ensures safe navigation and prevents speed reduction and significant lateral displacement.ConclusionThe proposed method can be effectively combined with the flow field information of digital channels to simulate the ship sailing process, thereby providing data support for the decision-making of intelligent navigation on inland river routes.

ObjectiveAiming at the problem of ship hull number recognition, this paper proposes a real-time ship's hull number recognition method for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). MethodsBased on a one-stage object detection model (e.g. YOLO), the attention mechanism is introduced to make the network more sensitive to the target area by the spatial information interaction module and divided attention method. Considering the effect of prior knowledge on accuracy, the adaptive anchor method and positive sample assignment strategy are utilized to improve the accuracy of regression. Aiming to resolve the problem of slow convergence at the beginning, the loss function is redesigned to speed up the convergence and enhance the stability of the network in the training phase. Finally, the proposed method is deployed in a USV to validate the availability of the recognition performance. ResultsThe results shows that the proposed method can achieve the recognition of ships and hull numbers simultaneously under Sea State 3 conditions, and has a 14% improvement in mean average precision (mAP) compared with the original model, with the ability to perform recognition in real time. ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that the proposed method can be applied to USVs to perform hull number recognition, even under complex ocean conditions.

[Objective] In contrast to the planned and faulty maintenance modes commonly used in modern metro vehicles, condition-based repair can capture the health status and operation condition of the vehicle system while optimizing maintenance strategies and costs. To realize condition-based repair, the health status of vehicle system needs to be accurately evaluated. [Method] Focusing on metro vehicle bogie system as object, the evaluation method of its health status is studied in-depth. Based on the hierarchical characteristics of bogie system composition, with reference to the degree of deterioration, combining the analytical hierarchy process method and variable weight theory are combined, to establish the variable weight fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of metro vehicle bogie based on deterioration degree according to using the idea of fuzzy comprehensive judgment, and the modelling process is proposed. By evaluating the health status of the selected metro vehicle bogie system with the health status evaluation indexes, sample data is obtained and used to train three different artificial neural networks, namely, BP (back propagation) neural network, support vector machine and random forest. Then, the evaluation performance of the three different types of artificial neural networks is judged with actual test data. [Result & Conclusion] The random forest model has the strongest ability to identify the health status of the metro vehicle bogie system and realizes the intelligent health assessment of the metro bogie system.

The preparation of porous starch by biological enzyme method is mild conditions, simple process, and environmentally sustainable. This study employed a dextranase with specific hydrolysis of α-1,6-glycosidic bonds ability to prepare porous wheat starch. The structure of the starch was analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and particle size analysis. The rates of starch swelling, oil and water absorption, and drug loading, as well as solubility, were measured. The results showed the formation of pores on the starch surface after treatment at 50 ℃ for 16 h, together with reduced particle sizes, while the crystal structure of the starch did not change significantly. The specific volume of the porous starch was 2.11±0.02 cm3/g, and the solubility was 9.02%±0.21%. Swelling reached 9.91%±0.22% while the water and oil absorption rates were increased to 80.12% and 78.23%, respectively. The loading rates of curcumin, dabigatran mesylate, nystatin, and ofloxacin in a 160:1 ratio reached an average of 75.07%. In vitro experiments showed that the release rate of curcumin loaded onto wheat porous starch was significantly reduced. The release rate in stomach for 2.5 h was approximately 30%, and it was approximately 40% in intestine for 5 h. The research results provided a basis for the preparation and application of wheat porous starch.

This paper proposes a novel multimodal collaborative perception framework to enhance the situational awareness of autonomous vehicles. First, a multimodal fusion baseline system is built that effectively integrates Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds and camera images. This system provides a comparable benchmark for subsequent research. Second, various well-known feature fusion strategies are investigated in the context of collaborative scenarios, including channel-wise concatenation, element-wise summation, and transformer-based methods. This study aims to seamlessly integrate intermediate representations from different sensor modalities, facilitating an exhaustive assessment of their effects on model performance. Extensive experiments were conducted on a large-scale open-source simulation dataset, i.e., OPV2V. The results showed that attention-based multimodal fusion outperforms alternative solutions, delivering more precise target localization during complex traffic scenarios, thereby enhancing the safety and reliability of autonomous driving systems.

In order to promote the technological development of ultrasonic vibration induced cracking of coal and rock masses, improving the efficiency of coalbed methane production and hard rock excavation in mines, it reviews the development history of ultrasonic technology, summarizing the application status and research progress of ultrasonic vibration in fracturing coal and rock mass, and the key obstructive technology problems and development trends of ultrasonic vibration in the field of coal and rock fracturing are clarified. ① The technical problems of traditional technologies in the fields of coal seam methane production and hard rock excavation in mines is summarized, introducing unique advantages and application fields of ultrasonic technology, besides the development stages and corresponding performances of ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic transducer are described; ② The equipment and process of ultrasonic vibration to promote coalbed methane desorption and permeability increase are induced, analyzing the current situation of promoting permeability increase of coalbed methane by ultrasonic vibration, and the mechanism of pressure reduction, acceleration, potential energy and kinetic energy increase of coalbed methane under ultrasonic cavitation effect, mechanical vibration effect and thermal effect to promote its desorption and permeability increase is expounded; ③ The equipment and process of ultrasonic vibration rock fragmentation are generalized, describing the progress of ultrasonic vibration crushing of hard rock, and it reveals the internal mechanism of hard rock breaking caused by mechanical vibration effect and thermal effect of ultrasonic vibration, such as fatigue damage, subcritical propagation of microcracks, uneven thermal expansion or mineral phase transformation of mineral particles, and deterioration of rock physical and mechanical properties; ④ In view of limitations of ultrasonic generator, transducer and ultrasonic vibration in coal and rock mass fracturing in mines, four suggestions are put forward for the research focus on the efficient application of ultrasonic vibration induced fracturing of coal and rock masses in the field in the future: research and development of high-performance explosion-proof ultrasonic generator and transducer, in-depth analysis of the mechanism of increasing permeability by ultrasonic vibration and design of pipeline technology framework, development and test of multi-function and multi-field coupling indoor ultrasonic vibration cracking coal and rock mass equipment, research and application of anti-interference ultrasonic vibration equipment in underground mines.

Background and Purpose: Accurate differentiation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from mass-forming chronic pancreatitis (MFCP) is clinically significant. The application of dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) in pancreas has been explored. This study aimed to investigate the value of DLCT in distinguishing resectable PDAC from MFCP. Methods: We retrospectively collected data of 33 patients with resectable PDAC and 19 patients with MFCP admitted to Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center from September 1, 2021 to May 31, 2023. Prior to surgery, patients underwent enhanced DLCT scans, including arterial phase (AP), parenchymal phase (PP) and venous phase (VP). DLCT quantitative parameters, including attenuation enhancement fraction (AEF), lesion-to-parenchyma ratio (LPR) and iodine enhancement fraction (IEF) were calculated. Difference analysis was conducted using independent sample t-test or chi-square test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using binary logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used for performance evaluation. P

Time-sensitive networking (TSN) is a set of protocols developed by the IEEE TSN task group, aiming at achieving deterministic communications over Ethernet.As the implementation method of TSN traffic scheduling is not specified in the protocols, the routing and scheduling algorithm for TSN remains an open issue.The joint optimization problem of routing and scheduling in TSN for industrial applications was modeled, and then an online heuristic algorithm was proposed to deliver the routing and scheduling solution for dynamic traffics.The routing path was determined by optimizing both the transmission delay and network load factors, and the scheduling time was quickly conducted by twice clipping operations.Finally, a simulated TSN testbed was developed with NeSTiNg framework based on OMNeT.The simulation results show that the execution time of the proposed algorithm outperforms the baseline algorithms even with large scale of network size and network traffics.It shows that the proposed algorithm guarantees the real-time performance even in dynamically changing networks.

Objective To diagnose coronary artery stenosis by using the postmortem computed tomography angiography （PMCTA）, and to explore the diagnostic value of PMCTA in sudden cardiac death. Methods Six death cases were selected, and the contrast medium iohexol was injected under high pressure through femoral artery approach with 5F pigtail catheter to obtain coronary image data and then the data was analyzed. The results of targeted coronary imaging and coronary artery calcium score （CaS） were compared with the results of conventional autopsy and histopathological examination. Results The autopsy and histopathological examination of cases with coronary artery stenosis obtained similar results in targeted coronary angiography, with a diagnostic concordance rate of 83.3%. Targeted coronary angiography could effectively show coronary artery diseases, and the CaS was consistent with the results of conventional autopsy and histopathological examination. Conclusion Targeted coronary angiography can be used as an effective auxiliary method for conventional autopsy in cases of sudden cardiac death.

Monorail crane, as one of the important equipment forms of underground auxiliary transportation, has a generally low running speed (full load < 2 m/s), and the traditional single power drive is difficult to meet the power and environmental requirements of monorail crane. In order to improve the driving performance of monorail crane and achieve the goal of green mine, a new distributed hybrid power drive system is proposed based on the traditional monorail crane structure. Its control strategy is established based on the deterministic rules and its modeling and simulation tests are carried out. First of all, combined with the multi section of the monorail crane structure, different power sources are set at different drive ends, and a distributed architecture is adopted as the hybrid power architecture of the high-speed monorail crane. Different working modes under the architecture are formulated to determine the energy flow direction under different modes; Secondly, in order to improve the power performance of the monorail crane and the working range of the explosion-proof diesel engine, the working mode switching logic strategy and torque distribution strategy are formulated in the face of conventional working conditions. On this basis, the deterministic rule control strategy based on the logic threshold value is designed, and the overall switching logic simulation strategy is built using MATLAB; Then, according to the actual running situation of the high-speed monorail crane, three complete machine cycle conditions are established, namely, small slope heavy load, small slope light load and large slope light load; Finally, the control strategy is imported into AMESim simulation software, and the physical model of the high-speed monorail crane distributed hybrid power system is jointly simulated. The simulation results show that the designed control strategy based on the deterministic rules can make the working points of the explosion-proof diesel engine and explosion-proof motor of the monorail crane in the high efficiency range, and make the whole machine have a good speed following performance; Under the condition of small slope and heavy load, the state of charge (SOC) consumption of the battery pack is only 17.6%, the maximum operating speed under full load reaches 3.01 m/s, and the emissions of CO, HC and NOx are reduced by 67.3%, 36.4%, 49.4% and 13.1% respectively compared with the emissions of traditional monorail cranes; Under the working condition of large slope and light load, the consumption of SOC value of the battery pack is only 13.1%, the maximum operating speed under full load reaches 2.29m/s, and the emissions of CO, HC and NOx are 70.2%, 58.1% and 41.7% lower than those of traditional monorail cranes respectively. The research results are of great significance and practical value to improve the running speed of monorail crane, enhance its transportation efficiency, and reduce exhaust emissions to improve the downhole working environment.

To solve the problem of left-right Doppler ambiguity in forward-looking Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging, Forward-Looking Multi-Channel SAR (FLMC-SAR) can achieve Doppler ambiguity resolving imaging through beamforming. However, array deviation angle and time-varying platform attitude errors lead to the mismatch between the space and time characteristics of a target, which affects the Doppler ambiguity resolving imaging performance. This study proposes an FLMC-SAR imaging and array attitude error compensation method. First, the three-dimensional FLMC-SAR array deviation-angle error and time-varying platform attitude error models are established. The mechanism of matching the spatiotemporal characteristics of targets in the two-dimensional spatiotemporal spectrum plane is analyzed. In addition, a representation model is established to study the spatiotemporal characteristics mismatch caused by the array attitude error in the spatiotemporal plane. Thereafter, based on the non-left-right spatial variation of the error, we propose a method of adding an error compensation phase to the back projection function to uniformly compensate the array attitude error of left-right symmetric targets. The results of simulation experiments show that the proposed method can achieve FLMC-SAR array attitude correction and error compensation, enhance the performance of forward-looking Doppler ambiguity suppression, and ensure the azimuth resolution performance of forward-looking imaging.

This is an essay in the field of ceramics and composites.With the increasing demand for crude oil processing technology, China′s platinum rhenium catalyst industry is also developing. Catalyst is the core material of petroleum smelting, and impregnation method is the most important preparation method of reforming catalyst. Catalytic reforming catalysts generally refer to trace rhenium catalysts. The main research direction in the future is to increase the rhenium content of the catalyst and reduce the amount of platinum in the catalyst. The characteristics of platinum-rhenium catalysts are good stability, slightly poor selectivity, long-term stable operation, and regeneration cycle that can reach 3~5 years, which have been widely used in large-scale production of semi-regenerative reforming processes. Since the late 20th century, China′s refining catalyst market has formed a′Sinopec and PetroChina′s catalyst companies, supplemented by private catalyst companies′ market structure, catalyst demand is stable at more than 10 tons per year.

Objective To investigate the possible molecular pathogenesis of a child with hemophilia A accompanied by coagulation factor Ⅺ reduction by testing coagulation-related indicators and genotyping in the child and his family. Methods Peripheral blood from the patient and his parents for detection of coagulation factors Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ, VWF∶Ag, lupus anticoagulants and F VIII, F XI inhibitors were collected. All exons and flanking sequences of the genes encoding FⅧ and FⅪ were sequenced and bioinformatically analyzed. Results The child had low FⅧ and FⅪ activity and no parental abnormalities were observed. The sequencing results showed that there was a c. 1834(exon12) C>T heterozygous mutation in the FⅧ gene and a c. 1817 (exon15) G>A heterozygous mutation in the FⅪ gene, which was de novo. Bioinformatics analysis shows that the FⅪ mutation changes the original protein structure and increases the number of carboxyl groups. Conclusion For patients with prolonged APTT, in addition to excluding factors that interfere with APTT testing, all coagulation factors related to APTT should be tested to clarify the diagnosis.

In order to better understand the corrosion risk of single pole operation of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grounding electrodes on pipelines, a comprehensive review of corrosion monitoring technologies for buried pipelines over recent decades was conducted in this paper; the principles of various corrosion monitoring techniques were introduced, and the application status of different corrosion monitoring technologies in the context of HVDC interference with buried pipelines was summarized; the advantages and disadvantages of four rapid corrosion measurement methods, namely the field burial method, intelligent pile monitoring method, electrochemical reduction (ER) corrosion rate probe method and laboratory simulation experiments, in evaluating the corrosion rate of buried pipelines under HVDC interference were mainly analyzed. Based on this analysis, recommendations for the application of various corrosion monitoring techniques in the field of HVDC interference with buried pipelines were proposed. Additionally, new directions in monitoring technology for corrosion rate of buried pipelines under HVDC interference were explored, providing references for relevant researchers and engineers.

Beautiful Bay is the main task of marine eco-environmental protection during 2021-2025. In recent years, Jiangsu has fully implemented the deployment requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on promoting the construction of Beautiful Bay, and became the first one to establish a series of funding policies and whole-process supervision systems for Beautiful Bay in China. The construction of the first provincial demonstration projects of Beautiful Bay was organized and carried out, which has been a good example for the construction of Beautiful Bay in China. Based on the analysis of the progress, problems and challenges in the construction of Beautiful Bay in Jiangsu Province in recent years, this paper discusses the practical path for the construction of Beautiful Bay in Jiangsu Province and puts forward the following suggestions: improving water quality in coastal waters by coordinating land and sea areas, focusing on areas where water quality is not stable enough to meet standards and controlling rivers flowing into the sea; Improving coordination mechanisms and carrying out construction of Beautiful Bay in a coordinated manner; Expanding the space and improving the quality of marine services by restoring damaged shoals, strengthening the management of marine garbage, and improving supporting public facilities; Strengthening the assessment of the ecological environment of the bay and promoting the construction of Beautiful Bay in batches. The above suggestions will help the marine ecological environment improve fundamentally.

Low-level wind shear significantly impacts aviation safety and operational efficiency.Zhongchuan Airport， located in a mountainous inland region， experiences the influence of complex terrain and weather systems.Wind shear is frequently observed during the summer season.This study analyzes the spatial and temporal characteristics of low-level wind shear events at Zhongchuan Airport using aircraft reports spanning from 2009 to 2018.During the observation period from May 2016 to November 2017， a total of 18 low-level wind shear events were confirmed through aircraft verification.Two methods， namely the fixed and adaptive window methods， were compared to identify wind shear events using LIDAR data from the Windcube 400s-at instrument.The study also explored the continuous evolution and spatial characteristics of the three-dimensional wind shear structure.The results indicate that the frequency of low-level wind shear events has increased at a faster rate compared to the flight volume at Zhongchuan Airport over the past ten years.The peak months for low-level wind shear events at Zhongchuan Airport are April-July and August-October， influenced by local weather patterns.The peak months for low-level wind shear events at Zhongchuan Airport are April-July and August-October， influenced by local weather patterns.Wind shear induced by convective weather occurs in the weak or non-echo region surrounding the convective cloud， resulting from the convergence of updrafts and downdrafts outside the cloud， or the formation of a gust front following the downdraft's contact with the ground.The wind shear factor is correlated with the intensity of radar echoes.Compared to the fixed window method， the adaptive window method had a larger recognition range due to the different data sets included in the recognition window.Therefore， the adaptive window method was found to be more suitable for studying the three-dimensional evolution of wind shear structures.Therefore， the adaptive window method is better suited for studying the evolution of the three-dimensional wind shear structure.The wind shear in the vicinity of Zhongchuan Airport is characterized by a low spatial distribution， small horizontal scale， and short duration， primarily concentrated in the small-scale and γ mesoscale.In other words， the wind shear events occurred at relatively low altitudes， with horizontal scales mostly ranging between 1000~1500 m and 2000~2600 m， lasting less than 20 minutes.Furthermore， 40.5% of the wind shear events were attributed to the movement of the wind， primarily influenced by the background wind.The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the characteristics of wind shear， offering valuable insights for the identification， mechanisms， forecasting， and early warning of low-level wind shear events at Zhongchuan Airport.