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Optimization of direct-regulated wind power automatic generation control (AGC) system and grid online optimal dispatch system requires the establishment of an accurate wind farm available power estimation model. Based on the new energy stand-alone information management system, this paper put forward a method of accurate estimation of wind power plant considering power generation conditions and station losses. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the number of key historical moments in the estimation moment, and the theoretical power estimation model of wind turbines was established based on the long short-term memory (LSTM) network. The operating conditions of the wind turbines were subdivided into six types (named as waiting wind, power generation and outage etc.), and the equivalent circuit model of the loss in the wind farm was established. Finally, the actual data of a wind farm was used to perform simulation calculations. The calculation results show that the root mean square error is reduced by 40% when the theoretical power model of a single machine considers the historical wind speed;When the available power model of wind farm takes into account the power generation condition and in-station loss, the root square error is reduced by 76.9%. The available power estimation model for wind farms proposed in this paper will facilitate the optimization of online dispatching and direct-regulation wind power AGC system strategies, and improve the level of wind power consumption.

In order to clarify the differences in anthocyanin components and contents of new potato varieties with colored flesh, Mincaishu 1, Mincaishu 2, Mincaishu 3 and Mincaishu 4, and provide a foundation for the screening, and cultivation of novel cultivars and the development and application of anthocyanins. Qualitative and comparative analyses of the anthocyanin components in the tubers were conducted by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The results showed that there were fourteen anthocyanin monomers in the four cultivars, among which, Mincaishu No. 1 contained six types of monomers, Mincaishu No. 2 had nine types of monomers, and Mincaishu No.3 contained ten types of monomers. The main anthocyanin components of the three purple-fleshed potatoes were delphinidin 3-p-coumaroylrutionoside-5-glucoside and peonidin 3-p-feruloylrutinoside-5-glucoside. Mincaishu No.4 contained five types of of anthocyanin components, with cyanidin 3-rutinoside and pelargonidin 3-p-coumaroylrutinoside-5-glucoside were the main components. There were significant differences in the anthocyanin components between the purple-fleshed potato and the red-fleshed potato. The anthocyanin contents in the four potato varieties with colored flesh were 139.77, 95.48, 78.08 and 67.25 mg/100 g FW, respectively, indicating the vast differences among the varieties. The four varieties contained all the six fundamental anthocyanin aglycones and their anthocyanin structures were relatively stable, which can serve as important raw materials of natural pigments and as the parent materials for hybrid breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] This study explored components and composition of soluble sugars in different persimmon germplasm resources to provide basis for rational conservation and effective utilization of persimmon resources. [Method] Fructose, sorbitol, glucose and sucrose contents in 41 mature fruits of persimmon germplasm resources and one hard-ripened persimmon fruit treated with CO2 desiccation were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. The diversity of sugar contents of persimmon fruit was investigated using dispersion analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. [Result] All 41 persimmon germplasm resources contained four sugar components. Sorbitol and sucrose contents were low, fructose and glucose contents were high, and their ratios to total sugar differed greatly. Correlation analysis showed that total sugar was significantly and positively correlated with all four sugar components, sorbitol was significantly and positively correlated with fructose, glucose and sucrose, and sweetness values were significantly correlated with total sugars, fructose and glucose. The clustering analysis divided the 41 persimmon germplasm into three groups at a genetic distance of 15, and the first group was divided into subgroups I-a and I -b at a genetic distance of 5. Subgroup I -b was fructose accumulating, while the rest was hexose accumulating. Based on the diversity analysis of sugar components and contents, Xiuning Bi-antashi, Shu Huangshi and Tian Baogai with high total sugar content as well as Xiuning Biantashi and Zhi-gan Bayuehuang with high sweetness value were selected. The fructose, glucose, total sugars and sweetness values of the CO2-treated fruit were significantly higher than those of naturally soft-ripened fruits. [Conclusion] The diversity of persimmon sugar content and composition was rich and the selected specific resources could provide parents for crossbreeding new species with flavor diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scriptural Reasoning (SR) is an intensively discussed new method of interreligious dialogue. SR has during the past two decades gained wide acceptance among Jews, Christians, and Muslims, and is rapidly gaining attention all over the world. SR as interfaith dialogue between the Abrahamic religions which emerged in the US and Britain in the early 1990s and has been further developed mainly by the Universities of Cambridge and Virginia. During the past years, Chinese scholars have shown increasing interest in SR. It is commonly believed that SR could be extended to include the traditional Chinese religions. The first experiment of SR in China was carried out in Beijing from Dec. 2014 to Sept. 2015 as a co-operation between Minzu University of China and University of Helsinki. Prof. You Bin and Prof. Miikka Ruokanen were the moderators of the experiment. There were two SR groups meeting simultaneously at the Minzu University once a month, ten times, each time for three hours. The participants of our SR groups were self - declared followers of a faith tradition. We included the six main faiths of China: Taoism, Confucianism, Buddhism, Islam, Catholicism, and Protestantism. The members of the first group were scholars of the six religions, and members of the second group were young students representing the six faith traditions. The topics of each session were decided by the participants of the SR groups: Why does the universe exist?, The problem of poverty, The problem of suffering and evil, The role of women in religion and society, What is a good society?, What is saintliness?, 0ur responsibility for the environment, What is death?, etc. During the weeks before a meeting, each member of the SR groups chose a passage from the sacred texts of her/his tradition and prepared a short written commentary on that for discussion in the group. The basic results of the investigation were rather similar in the two groups: The participants of the groups thought that SR is a good method of interfaith encounter, because it challenges us both to understand one's own religious tradition more deeply and, at the same time, to understand more clearly the authentic teachings of the other faith traditions. They expressed that this experience clearly increased their ability not only to tolerate, but find interest in, learning wisdom from other scriptural traditions. Most of the members felt that other participants were carefully listening to them and were keen to learn the views of other traditions. Moreover, the participants felt that SR gives a clear purpose and structure for interreligious dialogue; it is non-elitist, it offers equal opportunity for each member actively to participate in discussion. SR fits equally for scholars and for ordinary believers, women, men, and young persons. The participants maintained that this SR experience has motivated them to think how concretely to foster moral education in their faith communities in order to strengthen civil society. Special interest was shown in cooperation through religious charities for the welfare of the people, for the equality of women and men, and for environmental protection. Already now it is justified to say that SR seems to fit well to be a method of interfaith dialogue between the main faith traditions of China. We can expand discussion on the canonical texts of the Abrahamic religions to include the sacred texts of the Chinese traditions. The ten - month experiment offers a solid foundation and a very positive prospect for Chinese interfaith engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to analyze the threshold changes in distortion product otoacoustic emissions（DPOAE） and auditory brainstem response（ABR） in adult Otof-/- mice before and after gene therapy, evaluating its effectiveness and exploring methods for assessing hearing recovery post-treatment. Methods: At the age of 4 weeks, adult Otof-/- mice received an inner ear injection of a therapeutic agent containing intein-mediated recombination of the OTOF gene, delivered via dual AAV vectors through the round window membrane（RWM）. Immunofluorescence staining assessed the proportion of inner ear hair cells with restored otoferlin expression and the number of synapses.Statistical analysis was performed to compare the DPOAE and ABR thresholds before and after the treatment. Results: AAV-PHP. eB demonstrates high transduction efficiency in inner ear hair cells. The therapeutic regimen corrected hearing loss in adult Otof-/- mice without impacting auditory function in wild-type mice. The changes in DPOAE and ABR thresholds after gene therapy are significantly correlated at 16 kHz. Post-treatment,a slight increase in DPOAE was observeds,followed by a recovery trend at 2 months post-treatment. Conclusion: Gene therapy significantly restored hearing in adult Otof-/- mice, though the surgical delivery may cause transient hearing damage. Precise and gentle surgical techniques are essential to maximize gene therapy's efficacy., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Objective: To carry out optical genome mapping (OGM) for a Chinese pedigree with a rare paracentric reverse insertion of chromosome 17., Methods: A high-risk pregnant woman identified at the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Hangzhou Women's Hospital in October 2021 and her family members were selected as the study subjects. Chromosome G banding analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP array) and OGM were applied to verify the balanced structural abnormality of chromosome 17 in the pedigree., Results: Chromosomal karyotyping analysis and SNP array assay have identified a duplication of 17q23q25 in the fetus. Karyotyping analysis of the pregnant woman showed that the structure of chromosome 17 was abnormal, whilst SNP array has detected no abnormality. OGM revealed that the woman has carried a paracentric reverse insertion, which was confirmed by FISH. The karyotype of her husband was normal., Conclusion: The duplication of 17q23q25 in the fetus has derived from a paracentric reverse insertion of chromosome 17 in its mother. OGM has the advantage for delineating balanced chromosome structural abnormalities.

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the applications of vestibular function tests in diagnosis, identifying tumor origins and prognosis of vestibular rehabilitation of patients with acoustic neuroma. Methods: This research is a single-center cross-sectional clinical study, which retrospectively analyzed the data of 335 patients with acoustic neuroma from March 2013 to March 2020 in the Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University. The study included caloric test, cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials（cVEMP, oVEMP）, video head impulse test（vHIT） and sensory organization test（SOT）. Firstly, the sensitivity, specificity, and Yoden index of each test were calculated. Secondly, the internal relevance of these tests was studied for application in judging the origins of the tumor. Results: The abnormal rates of caloric test, cVEMP, oVEMP, vHIT and SOT was 85.3%, 86.1%, 85.5%, 55.6% and 67.7% in these participants. Among all the vestibular function tests included, the caloric test showed the best sensitivity（0.855）, specificity（0.981）, and Yoden index（0.836）. The study found that the higher the Koos grades, the higher the abnormal rates of the caloric test, vHIT, and oVEMP（Cochran-Armitage test, P <0.05）. There was no significant relationship between the combination of abnormal vestibular function tests and tumor origin nerves（ P >0.05）. Conclusion: Majorlty of the participants in this study with acoustic neuroma showed abnormal results in SOT related to poor balance control. More than half of the patients had at least two abnormal result of the battery of vestibular function tests, among which the caloric test was proved to have better sensitivity and specificity. The higher the Koos grades of the tumor, the higher the abnormal rates of the caloric test, vHIT, and oVEMP., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

In 1972, the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium of the American Academy of Otoaryngology （AAO-CHE） produced the first diagnostic guidelines for Ménière's disease. The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation （AAO-HNS） modified them in 1985, 1995 and 2015. Then, AAO-HNS developed the latest updated version of the Ménière's Disease Guidelines in 2020, based on the latest evidence-based medicine foundation. In this paper, the overall framework and key content of the latest guideline in 2020 are interpreted for domestic colleagues., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose.

Objective: To describe tne regional different factors which impact on early cochlear implantation in prelingual deaf children between eastern and western regions of China., Method: The charts of 113 children who received the cochlear implantation after 24 months old were reviewed and analyzed. Forty-five of them came from the eastern region (Jiangsu, Zhejiang or Shanghai) while 68 of them came from the western region (Ningxia or Guizhou). Parental interviews were conducted to collect information regarding the factors that impact on early cochlear implantation. Result:Based on the univariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) value of universal newborn hearing screening (UNHS) was 5. 481, which indicated the correlation of UNHS with early cochlear implantation is significant. There was statistical difference between the 2 groups (P<0. 01). For the financial burden, the OR value was 3. 521(strong correlation) and there was statistical difference between the 2 groups (P<0. 01). For the communication barriers and community location, the OR value was 0. 566 and 1. 128 respectively, and there was no statistical difference between the 2 groups (P>0. 05). The multivariate analysis indicated that the UNHS and financial burden are statistically different between the eastern and western regions (P=0. 00 and 0. 040 respectively)., Conclusion: The UNHS and financial burden are statistically different between the eastern reinforced in the western region. In addition, the government and society should provide powerful policy and more financial support in the western region of China. The innovation of management system is also helpful to the early cochlear implantation.

Objective: To evaluate the verbal communication skills of post-lingual cochlear implantees with categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating(SIR), and to explore their relationships with the duration of hearing loss, the postoperative time and preoperative hearing aid usage., Method: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 23 cases of post-lingual patients with cochlear implantation. CAP and SIR were applied in the evaluation of verbal communication skills. IBM SPSS Statistics 19 was used in statistical analysis., Result: The average score of CAP was 6.13, and statistical analysis showed CAP score was not significantly correlated with the duration of hearing loss, the postoperative time or the time of wearing a hearing aid preoperatively. The average SIR score of all these post-lingual patients was 4.91., Conclusion: It showed that CAP score was not significantly correlated with these three factors. This may due to the low accuracy of CAP or the small sample size in the present study. SIR was not suitable for the evaluation of post-lingual cochlear implantees.

Objective: To study the vertical and pyramidal segment of facial nerve canal based on three-dimensional reconstruction of temporal bone CT, and provide a quantitative data for the middle ear and mastoid surgery., Method: Reconstruction of adult axial CT images shows the vertical and pyramidal segment of facial nerve canal. Using the Able Software 3D-DOCTOR 3.5 to show and measure the angle of the vertical and pyramidal segment of the facial nerve canal and to analyze the features and regularity based on the measured data., Result: According to the angle of the vertical and pyramidal segment of facial nerve canal based on the three-dimensional reconstruction model. A certain regularity has been found in the direction and the angle of different segments of the vertical and pyramidal segment of facial nerve canal., Conclusion: The temporal bone CT three-dimensional reconstruction can accurately show the characteristic and angle of the vertical and pyramidal segment of facial nerve canal. The characteristics and quantitative angle of the vertical and pyramidal segment of facial nerve canal from the anatomical viewpoint for clinical utility could keep the vertical and pyramidal segment of facial nerve from injury in temporal bone surgery.

Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations and the diagnosis of the facial nerve tumor according to the clinical information, and evaluate the different surgical approaches depending on tumor location., Method: Twenty-seven cases of facial nerve tumors with general clinical informations available from 1999.9 to 2006.12 in the Shanghai EENT Hospital were reviewed retrospectively., Result: Twenty (74.1%) schwannomas, 4 (14.8%) neurofibromas ,and 3 (11.1%) hemangiomas were identified with histopathology postoperatively. During the course of the disease, 23 patients (85.2%) suffered facial paralysis, both hearing loss and tinnitus affected 11 (40.7%) cases, 5 (18.5%) manifested infra-auricular mass and the others showed some of otalgia or vertigo or ear fullness or facial numbness/twitches. CT or/and MRI results in 24 cases indicated that the tumors originated from the facial nerve. Intra-operative findings showed that 24 (88.9%) cases involved no less than 2 segments of the facial nerve, of these 24 cases 87.5% (21/24) involved the mastoid portion, 70.8% (17/24) involved the tympanic portion, 62.5% (15/24) involved the geniculate ganglion, only 4.2% (1/24) involved the internal acoustic canal (IAC), and 3 cases (11.1%) had only one segments involved. In all of these 27 cases, the tumors were completely excised, of which 13 were resected followed by an immediate facial nerve reconstruction, including 11 sural nerve cable graft, 1 facial nerve end-to-end anastomosis and 1 hypoglossal-facial nerve end-to-end anastomosis. Tumors were removed with preservation of facial nerve continuity in 2 cases., Conclusion: Facial nerve tumor is a rare and benign lesion, and has numerous clinical manifestations. CT and MRI can help surgeons to make a right diagnosis preoperatively. When and how to give the patients an operation depends on the patients individually.

Objective: To explore a set of quantitative methods to determine the position of the facial nerve based on three-dimensional CT reconstruction of temporal bone structures on personal computer, which can provide a series of important parameters for ear and the lateral skull base surgery., Method: The internal structures of temporal bone were reconstructed based on a set of axial CT images of adult patients, the complicated relationship and their morphologic characteristics were clearly presented by using Able Software 3D-DOCTOR. The precise measurement of some parameters between facial nerve and its adjacent structures could easily be processed with the software. Based on all obtained data, the relationship of facial nerve and its adjacent structures were effectively summarized and analyzed., Result: Three-dimensional images, including the facial nerve, tympanic anulus, auditory ossicles, chochleariform process, pyramidal eminence, internal auditory, the cochlea, semicircular canal, jugular fossa and carotid artery in the temporal bone, were reconstructed. Some parameters obtained from measuring the distance or angle between the facial nerve and its adjacent structures in the three-dimensional models had some extent regularity, which were benefit to design surgical approach and determine the position of facial nerve during relevant operation., Conclusion: CT 3D reconstruction can accurately display the detailed internal structures anatomy of the temporal bone and their quantitative spatial relationships.

Objective: To supply valuable markers for hair cell development and regeneration., Method: Cryosections of new hatched chicken inner ear were made. The position and intensity of Hair Cell Antigen, Espin, and Myosin7a expression were detected by indirect immunocytochemistry., Result: Hair Cell Antigen, Espin, and Myosin7a were all expressed in both auditory and vestibular hair cell. Hair Cell Antigen was located in the apical part of hair cell and hair cell bundles. Espin was expressed in the hair cell bundles and cuticular plate. Myosin7a immu no-staining resulted in the typical cytoplasm staining., Conclusion: Hair Cell Antigen, Espin, and Myosin7a are ideal markers for hair cell and can be used for studying the hair cell development and regeneration. These markers combined with F-actin staining could give a better result for qualitative and quantitative investigation for hair cell development and regeneration.

The study showed that the adsorbed cadmium in soil could be dissolved in water, and the lower the soil pH, the higher and stronger the dissolving rate and mobility, and the more uptake by crops. The water-soluble, exchangeable and complexed cadmium contents in the contaminated soil were lower when the soil was chemically neutral, with the values being 0.68%, 12.70% and 12.40%, respectively, while the insoluble (granulated) cadmium content was 74.40%. Radish caudex in the contaminated soil could absorb cadmium, and be considered as the hyperaccumulator of soil cadmium.