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New energy industries, such as wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generation, are key to supporting the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals of China. The installed capacity of wind and PV power in China is the largest worldwide; therefore, it is necessary to secure the supply of key metal materials and conduct a more accurate management of emerging solid wastes. This study sets different development scenarios based on the historical data and planning objectives of wind and PV power industries of China. It assesses the demand, waste, and supply of key metals in China’s new energy industry using a life distribution model of wind and PV power generation equipment, and focuses on identifying the supply pressure of silver, copper, gallium, silver, steel, and neodymium,thereby providing a basic support for realizing the green and low-carbon development of the energy industry by 2060. In the baseline scenario, the decommissioned volume of the wind and PV power generation industries will reach 4.6 GW and 28.3 GW in 2035,respectively; and the total decommissioned volume (by mass) of both wind and PV power generation equipment will reach 2.54 ×106 t and 1.048 ×107 t in 2035 and 2060, respectively. In terms of the supply of key metals for the new energy industry during 2030‒2060,iron and steel have a low supply risk (≤5%), neodymium has a medium-high supply risk (25%‒50%), copper and silver have a high supply risk (50%‒100%), and the supply of gallium and indium are at an extremely high risk owing to their excessive peak demand.To improve the security and diversity of the supply chain of the new energy industry, it is necessary to ensure the sustainable supply of metal mineral resources and promote material recycling and efficient use. Furthermore, we propose the following recommendations:(1) treating decommissioned equipment for wind and PV power generation as waste electrical and electronic products, (2) incorporating wind and PV power generation enterprises into the Catalogue of Classified Management of Pollutant Discharge Permits for Stationary Pollution Sources, (3) improving the distributed new-energy solid-waste recycling system, and (4) developing recycling technologies for emerging solid wastes.

In order to improved the defects of xylan-based films such as strong hygroscopicity and low mechanical strength, a collaborative modification protocol of citric acid (CA) and MPTMS-modified xylan (MSMX) was proposed. Xylan from sugarcane bagasse was firstly modified by (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane (MPTMS), and then citric acid was used as crosslinking agent or plasticizer. The MSMX/PVA/CA films were prepared by casting method and the effects of citric acid content on the structure and packaging performance of the composite film were studied. The results show that with the increase of CA content, the cross-linking degree of MSMX/PVA/CA films increases and the internal structure becomes more dense, which lead to the significant enhancement of mechanical properties and water vapor barrier performance. Meanwhile, the hydrophobicity of the MSMX/PVA/CA films is improved with the decrease of hydrophilice groups. When CA content is 20% (mass fraction), the tensile strength of MSMX/PVA/CA film is 41.8 MPa, water contact angle is 82°, and the water vapor transmittance reaches 2.79×10-13 g·cm·cm-2·s-1·Pa-1, which is 37.79% lower than that of film without CA. The addition of CA improves the moisture barrier properties and mechanical strength of xylan composite films, which makes it have a potential application in the field of food and drug packaging.

Sardinops melanostictus is mainly distributed in Northwest Pacific Ocean, which is significantly affected by climate change. The carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of the muscles of Japanese sardines from the Northwest Pacific Ocean were measured based on samples taken by the ocean-going fishery resources survey ship "Songhang" in the high seas of the Northwest Pacific Ocean between June and July 2021. The GAM model was then used to examine the effects of both biotic (body length) and abiotic (Latitude, sea surface temperature, offshore distance, chlorophyll-a) factors on the stable nitrogen isotopes; The differences in the trophic niche among sex and body length groups were also analyzed in Japanese sardines in Northwest Pacific Ocean. The results showed that there was no significant difference in muscle δ13C and δ15N between males and females during La Niña years. However, both δ13C and δ15N differed among body length groups. The GAM model's results showed that as body length increases, both δ13C and δ15N exhibited a trend of first decreasing and then increasing; δ13C also exhibits this trend with increasing latitude; δ15N exhibits a negative correlation with both offshore distance and chlorophyll-a. The overlap rate between female and male niche is generally high, with a similar niche width between females and males ranging from 100 to 160 mm. The width of the ecological niche varied across the length groups, and its position changed with growth. However, compared to males, females have substantially broader niches, ranging from 161 to 220 mm. In contrast to usual years, the La Niña year's readings for δ13C and δ15N are all low. The study demonstrates that the feeding ecology of Japanese sardines in Northwest Pacific Ocean varies depending on sex and body length, and that changes in the marine environmental elements under La Niña events affected the feeding ecology of Japanese sardines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Introduction] Large diameter cellular sheet pile cofferdam has been applied in practice recently due to the advantage of construction speed and less pollution to the environment. However, the design method of this cofferdam in soft clay is still in its infant. [Method] Taking a large diameter cellular sheet pile cofferdam in an artificial island project in China as an example, this study focused on the potential problems in its design in soft clay. Three different methods were used to calculate the stability of the cofferdam. These methods included China′s code method, Japan′s code method and three-dimensional finite element method. [Result] The results show that the earth pressures of foundation calculated by China′s code method are smaller than that of the other two methods. The overturning point is located at the un-overturning side of the cofferdam based on the results of Japan′s code method and the finite element method, whereas it is fixed at the front toe point of the cofferdam in China′s code. The safety factor of overturning failure by China′s code method is larger than that of the other two methods due to the different positions of the overturning points. [Conclusion] This showed that more work of the design code method and theory should be conducted on large diameter cellular sheet pile cofferdam in soft clay foundation.

Foam concrete was prepared by water glass as the initiator in cement, mineral powder and large amount of phosphogypsum cement for subgrade filling. And the influence of cement content on the properties of foam concrete was studied in order to further reduce the cement content and improve the utilization rate of solid waste. The results show that the optimal cement content is 15%, and the flow value and 28d compressive strength of foam concrete are 172 mm and 3.36 MPa, respectively. At the same time, foam concrete with different wet densities was prepared by adjusting the foam content, and when the wet density was 600kg/m³ and 700kg/m³, the compressive strength of 28d was 0.61 MPa and 0.87 MPa respectively, which still met the requirements of the current subgrade material for the compressive strength of foam concrete; when the cement content was 8%, the peak heat release rate and 7d heat release were the largest. With the decrease of cement content, foam concrete expands under 80% humidity conditions, and foam concrete expands early and shrinks late under 60% humidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effect of the liquid resuscitation therapy strategy using intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and oxygenation index (PaO 2 /FiO 2 ) as the end point in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)., Methods: A retrospective study was performed, including 84 patients with SAP in emergency intensive care unit of Qingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January 2018 to August 2021. According to the status of fluid balance at admission, all patients were divided into the positive fluid balance group (43 cases) and the negative fluid balance group (41 cases). The clinical data including gender, age, etiology, underlying disease, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) of all patients were collected. Fluid balance, PaO 2 /FiO 2 , IAP, compliance rate, new mechanical ventilation rate and overall hospital stay of 1 week after admission were recorded and compared between the two groups., Results: After 72 hours of treatment, the cumulative fluid balance was (5 219.5±1 038.4) mL in the positive fluid balance group; IAP was higher than that before treatment [mmHg (1 mmHg ≈ 0.133 kPa): 11.9±2.0 vs. 11.7±2.1], but no significant difference was found (P > 0.05); PaO 2 /FiO 2 was significantly higher than that before treatment (mmHg: 299.8±51.4 vs. 220.5±50.4, P < 0.05). After 72 hours of treatment, the cumulative fluid balance in negative fluid balance group was (-3 542.4±1 310.6) mL; IAP was significantly lower than before treatment (mmHg: 11.4±1.8 vs. 15.2±1.9, P < 0.05); PaO 2 /FiO 2 was significantly higher than that before treatment (mmHg: 309.9±50.9 vs. 215.4±49.7, P < 0.05). In the fluid resuscitation goals, after 72 hours of treatment, the compliance rate in the negative fluid balance group was significantly higher than that in the positive fluid balance group [82.93% (34/41) vs. 62.79% (27/43), P < 0.05]; 1 week after admission, the new mechanical ventilation rate in the negative fluid balance group was significantly lower than that in the positive fluid balance group [21.95% (9/41) vs. 41.86% (18/43), P < 0.05]; however, there was no significant difference in overall hospital stay between the two groups (days: 41.2±10.9 vs. 39.1±11.5, P > 0.05). After treatment, 70 patients survived and 14 patients died (including 9 cases in the positive fluid balance group and 5 cases in the negative fluid balance group)., Conclusions: Using IAP and PaO 2 /FiO 2 to guide liquid therapy could result in effective fluid resuscitation in SAP. The treatment strategy effectively improved prognosis of patients with SAP.

Objective: To detect the expression changes of the demethylase TETs (Ten-eleven translocation enzymes) in human embryonic kidney cell (HEK293) exposed to high dose cadmium chloride (CdCl2), and to investigate the regulation effects of TETs on global genomic methylation., Methods: HEK293 cells were exposed to CdCl2 for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, the survival rate was tested by CCK-8 (cell counting kit-8) method, and the cell morphology was observed. The levels of TETs mRNA and protein were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot, respectively. The genomic DNA methylation level was detectedby pyro sequencing assay., Results: CdCl2 had toxic effects on HEK293 cells, and the half inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 1.78 µmol/L. After exposure of CdCl2 for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, the morphology of HEK293 cells was altered, and the high dose group (2.0 µmol/L) showed vacuolar changes and fuzzy appearance. The level of TET1 mRNA in groups of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 µmol/L were 0.23 ± 0.13, 0.48 ± 0.12, 0.59 ± 0.16 and 0.95 ± 0.39, respectively (F = 182.89, P = 0.002); The level of TET2 mRNA in groups of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 µmol/L were 0.23 ± 0.12, 0.32 ± 0.02,0.31 ± 0.10 and 0.34 ± 0.07, respectively (F = 27.94, P < 0.001); The level of TET3 mRNA in groups of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 µmol/L were 0.26 ± 0.10, 0.27 ± 0.11, 0.25 ± 0.11 and 0.28 ± 0.09, respectively (F = 1.76, P = 0.036). The interaction effect existed between exposure time and doses of TET1 mRNA, TET2 mRNA and TET3 mRNA (F values were 32.94, 23.04 and 13.78, respectively; P values were < 0.001, 0.041 and < 0.001, respectively). Western blot showed that in different exposure time and dose, the protein expression levels of TETs had the similar trend as mRNA levels. In 24 h (55.01 ± 3.62)%, 48 h (48.31 ± 8.99)%, 72 h (48.76 ± 6.60)%, the DNA methylation had significant differences (F = 18.50, P < 0.001); In groups of 0.0 µmol/L (55.29 ± 2.83)%, 0.5 µmol/L (55.35 ± 3.11)%, 1.0 µmol/L (48.58 ± 6.40)% and 2.0 µmol/L (43.56 ± 7.89)%, the differences of DNA methylation had significant differences (F = 7.03, P = 0.048); the effect of interaction was also existed (F = 2.73, P = 0.043)., Conclusion: In the short term exposure to CdCl2, the levels of TETs mRNA and protein showed a trend of increase according to the exposure time and dose, and the methylation level of whole genomic DNA was also altered. The demethylase TETs may play a role in regulating the genomic methylation level of HEK293 exposed to cadmium.

Objective: To observe the effect of integrin beta8 on the neuronal apoptosis after hypoxia ischemia (HI) in astrocyte/neuron co-culture system., Methods: Astrocytes and neurons were cultured in vitro from cerebral cortex of the P1-3 days Sprague Dawley rats and E16 days fetal rats, respectively. Immunocytochemistry staining was used to identify the purity of cells. Integrin beta8 mRNA expression was qualified in the astrocytes at 12 hours, 1 day, and 2 days after HI and reoxygenation (experimental group) and in normal astrocytes (control group) by RT-PCR. Integrin beta8 small interering RNA (siRNA) system was established to specifically block astrocyte beta8 expression, the efficiency of integrin beta8 inhibition was detected by real-time fluorescent PCR. The astrocytes and neurons were co-cultured to established the astrocyte/neuron co-culture system. The neuronal apoptosis was detected with TUNEL in the normal neurons/astrocytes group (co-cultured HI group), the astrocytes infected by integrin beta8 siRNA for 2 days/normal neurons group (beta8 RNA interference group), and normal neurons in vitro with HI treatment group (HI group) at 1 day after HI and reoxygenation. The normal neurons without treatment as control (control group)., Results: Glial fibrillary acidic protein and neuronal nuclei staining suggested a purity of more than 90% in cultured cells. HI resulted in an increase of integrin beta8 mRNA expression at 12 hours after reoxygenation in astrocytes, which peaked at 1 day after reoxygenation, then slowly decreased and remained higher at 2 days, showing significant differences between control group and experimental group and among different time points in experimental group (P < 0.05). RNA interference efficiency was most significant at 2 days after astrocytes infected with integrin beta8 siRNA (P < 0.05). The neuronal apoptosis was significantly increased in HI group, co-cultured HI group, and beta8 RNA interference group when compared with control group (P < 0.05). But neuronal apoptosis index (AI) was significantly decreased in co-cultured HI group and beta8 RNA interference group when compared with HI group (P < 0.05). The significant difference of AI was found between co-cultured HI group and beta8 RNA interference group (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Integrin beta8 expression can be induced with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, leading to decreased AI of neurons and obvious protective effect.

Objective: To observe the effect of 3'-methoxy puerarin on cerebral infarction volume and free radical change of focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats and discuss the protective effect of 3'-methoxy puerarin on the cerebral ischemic/ reperfusion injury., Method: The thread method was used to induce middle cerebral artery embolization, to establish the focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. Rats were divided into five groups: the sham and model group, the two-dose group (5, 10 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) of 3'-methoxy puerarin and nimodipine group (5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). The behavior changes and volume of cerebral infarction were observed, and the leves of SOD and the content of MDA were measured., Result: 3'-methoxy puerarin could significantly improve the symptoms of neurological deficit and reduce the infarct volume, and increased SOD activity and reduced the content of MDA of cortex in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rat, the action of 10 mg x kg(-1) of 3'-methoxy puerarin is more remarkable., Conclusion: 3'-methoxy puerarin has protective effect on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat.

In order to study the Vapor Extraction Technology that can be applied to China, on the basis of mechanism analysis of Vapor Extraction Technology for oil-contaminated soil, a simplified and practical contaminant removal model to simulate the soil remediation time was presented. With the typical unsaturated soils in North of China, the effects of the vapor flow rate, soil water content and quality on the remediation process were studied. The results showed that the best value of flow velocity was existed, and water content had different influence on different kinds of soil, for silty soil, the efficiency of remediation enhanced with water content increase, but there was a reverse result for clayey soil. Through one-dimension soil column experiments, the results showed that these factors had different effects on remediation time. The research using the soil column apparatus show that the predicted results were validated and the applied conditions of this model were qualified.