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With the rapid development of science and technology, wheel hubs of automobile are also developing towards lightweight and convenient. Aluminum alloys are increasingly used in wheel hubs due to their excellent performance, but the corrosion of aluminum alloy wheel hubs is still a big problem. This work briefly introduced several common corrosion types of aluminum alloy wheel hubs (filiform corrosion, pitting corrosion, grain boundary corrosion, stress corrosion, peeling corrosion). The influence of atmospheric environmental factors on the corrosion of aluminum alloy wheel hubs was introduced. Furthermore, the corrosion of different types of aluminum alloys in typical atmospheric environments at home and abroad, and the anti-corrosion methods of substrate modification and surface treatment for aluminum alloy wheel hubs were described.

Objective To explore the role of elevated serum interleukin 1(IL-1) levels in patients with gastric cancer and activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in tissues of gastric cancer. Methods A total of 30 gastric cancer surgery patients and 30 healthy subjects were selected from Wuwei Cancer Hospital of Gansu Province; The levels of IL-1 and IL-10 in serum was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the contents of Bcl-2, Bax and JAK2,STAT3, pJAK2, pSTAT3, Bcl-2, Bax in tissues. The contents of JAK2, STAT3, Bcl-2 and Bax genes were measured by RT-qPCR. Results Compared with the control group, the level of IL-1 in the serum of patients with gastric cancer was up-regulated, and the level of IL-10 was down-regulated(P＜0.05); The content of Bcl-2 in cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in the normal group and the adjacent group, but the Bax content showed an opposite profile(P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, JAK2, STAT3, pJAK2, pSTAT3 and Bcl-2 protein content in cancer tissue and adjacent tissues were increased, while the content of Bax was decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with the adjacent tissues, the JAK2, STAT3, pJAK2, pSTAT3 and Bcl-2 protein contents in cancer tissues increased, while the Bax content was decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with the control group, the contents of JAK2, STAT3 and Bcl-2 mRNA in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were increased, while Bax mRNA was decreased(P＜0.05). Compared with adjacent tissues, the contents of JAK2, STAT3 and Bcl-2 mRNA in cancer tissues increased, while the content of Bax mRNA was decreased(P＜0.05). Conclusions Abnormal elevation of proinflammatory factors and abnormal activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway are closely related to the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.

Objective To investigate the molecular mechanism of interleukin-17 in the development of gastric cancer through NF-κB signaling pathway. Methods Thirty patients with gastric cancer in Wuwei Cancer Hospital of Gansu province and 30 control individuals who had physical examination in the hospital at the same time were selected. The expression of IL-17,IL-6 and IL-8 in serum of patients with gastric cancer and control was detected by ELISA.The pathological changes of gastric cancer were observed by microscopy with HE staining; Immunohisto-chemistry method was used to detect the expression of IL-17, NF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 in gastric cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and gastric tissues far from cancer tissues.The expressions of IL-17, NF-κB p65, pNF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 in gastric cancer tissues, adjacent tissues and gastric tissues far from cancer tissues were detected by Western blot. Results IL-17, IL-6 and IL-8 were up-regulated in serum of gastric cancer patients compared with healthy controls group(P＜0.05). The expressions of IL-17, NF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 in gastric cancer tissues were significantly higher than that in normal and adjacent groups (P＜0.05). The expressions of IL-17, NF-κB p65, pNF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 were increased in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal gastric tissue (P＜0.05); the expressions of pNF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 increased in peri-cancer tissues compared with normal gastric tissue (P＜0.05).The expressions of IL-17, NF-κB p65, pNF-κB p65, IKK-β and IL-6 were increased in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues(P＜0.05). Conclusions IL-17 can stimulate IL-6 to function in regulation of gastric cancer and promote the development of gastric cancer through the NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.This result may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of gastric cancer and suggests that IL-17 may be a potential target of gastric cancer treatment.

Biochar has been recognized as a new exogenous organic substrate and is often used as an important organic resource for carbon reduction because of its stability, adsorption and carbon nutrient richness. The study was conducted in a typical indica rice area of Nanning from 2021 to 2022, against the background of having high early indica rice yields, simultaneous rain and heat, and unique cropping system. In this paper, authors set three treatments: Control treatment (CK): no fertilizer. Inorganic N input (T1, chemical fertilizer) treatment: chemical fertilizer application at conventional fertilizer level, compound fertilizer 800kgha-1, urea 260.87kgha-1, potassium 193.55kgha-1. Inorganic N with organic N (T2, biochar + chemical fertilizer) treatment: biochar 4000kgha-1, compound fertilizer 738.67kgha-1, urea 146.09kgha-1, potassium 34.19kgha-1. The cumulative greenhouse gas emissions, emission equivalents, rice yield traits and the effect of isonitrogen substitution of biochar application on greenhouse gas emissions and rice yield in early southern rice fields were analyzed by regular monitoring of soil greenhouse gas emissions in rice fields during the rice reproductive period using a split static box-meteorological chromatography method 5d after rice transplanting, this study provide a basis for optimizing intensive early rice low-carbon cultivation and reduce fertilizer and increase efficiency. The results showed that: (1) biochar can reduce CH4 and CO2 emissions from paddy soils, and reduce the combined emission equivalent by slowing down CH4 emissions. The application of fertilizer with biochar can mitigate the increase of greenhouse gas carbon emissions caused by fertilizer application alone, and its delayed effect of mitigating CO2 emissions is more obvious. In biochar treatment (T2), compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment (T1), the maximum CH4 emission flux in 2021 was reduced by 41.38% and the cumulative emission was reduced by 31.25%, and the maximum emission flux in 2022 was reduced by 50.50% and the cumulative emission was significantly reduced by 50%, and the combined emission equivalents of 2 years were significantly lower than those of the T1 treatment. The maximum CO2 emission flux and cumulative emission in 2021 were reduced by 57.38% and 37.68%, respectively, compared with the T1 treatment, and the corresponding reduction in 2022 was 16.06% and 35.52% compared to the T1 treatment. (2) Biochar can suppress N2O emissions, significantly reduce cumulative emissions, and reduce nitrogen source emission equivalents. Compared to the T1 treatment, the maximum N2O emission flux was reduced by 5.43% and the cumulative emission was significantly reduced by 33.53% in 2021 in T2 treatment; the maximum emission flux was reduced by 73.75% and the cumulative emission was significantly reduced by 54.33% in 2022, and there was no significant change with the CK treatment. (3) Biochar facilitates the optimization of intensive early indica rice cultivation structure and enhances the productivity of early indica rice. After biochar was put into the paddy field for 2 years, the effect of increasing yield became more and more obvious, and the theoretical yield of T2 treatment was 1.02-1.33 times that of T1 treatment, while the actual yield was 1.06-1.32 times that of T1 treatment. Fertilizer with biochar reduced greenhouse gas emissions and increased rice yield in early indica rice fields, which can be used as an optimization model for low-carbon production of intensive early indica rice in the south. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lophatherum gracile extract (LG) was taken as the research object, and its efficacy and safety were evaluated, aiming to enhance its application prospect in the field of cosmetics. Eye irritation and skin irritation were evaluated by HET-CAM test and human patch test. Through the cell model in which the transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) was highly expressed, the influences on the expression of interleukin 8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured. Skin stimulation models for sensitive skin were established using sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), lactic acid and capsaicin as irritants. These models were used to determine the ability of LG to relieve skin sensitivity. HET-CAM test and human patch test show that LG has good safety to eyes and skin. In the cell model with over-expression of TRPV1, LG can reduce the expression of IL-8 and MCP-1 in a dose-dependent manner. In human evaluation, LG can significantly reduce the transepidermal water loss rate (TEWL) and skin erythema index (EI) caused by SDS (p < 0.05), instantly alleviate the skin irritation caused by lactic acid, and significantly reduce the skin discomfort and redness caused by capsaicin, indicating that LG can accelerate the repair of damaged skin and enhance the barrier function of sensitive skin (p < 0.05). Therefore, as an active raw material of plant origin, LG has the characteristics of high efficiency, strong efficacy and safety, which can be widely used in the development of skin care products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methyl acryloyloxy propyl silsesquioxane(MAP-POSS) was prepared by hydrolysis condensation of KH-570, and composing free radical-cationic hybrid UV curing system with the unsaturated epoxy resin. The changes of characteristic absorption peak in the curing process was characterized by using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and the influence of MAP-POSS content on the surface water contact angle, silicon elements distribution, mechanical properties and thermal performance of UV-cured film was investigated. The results show that with the addition of MAP-POSS the crosslinking degree, hydrophobicity, thermal stability and glass transition temperature(Tg) of the film are improved. When the content of MAP-POSS is 12% (mass fraction, the same below), Tg is increased by 16.9℃. When the MAP-POSS content is 15%, the water contact angle of film is increased from 58.0° to 94.2°. The impact strength is improved firstly and then decreased with the addition of MAP-POSS.

On the basis of redundancy analysis (RDA), eliminating the rare species whose frequency and coverage are less than 5% in Dongling Mountain of Beijing and our objective was to explore the effects of rare species on RDA ordination and summarizing the using-actuality of two methods. In this paper, Monte Carlo permutation test was used to analyse their relationship between species and environmental variables, and the correlation of corresponding ordination axes of two methods was measured by Spearman's rho correlation. The results were as follows: (1) The Monte Carlo permutation test results showed that their species and environmental variables had a significant correlation; (2) From the perspective of the cumulative percentage variance of species-environment relation, the RDA results of eliminating rare species had a higher amount of the interpretation of species-environment relationship both in the first two axes and the first four axes, therefore, it could better explain the relationship between species and the environment; (3) Two-dimensional RDA ordination diagram revealed the distribution of environmental variables, samples and species were basically the same; the results from the Spearman rank correlation of corresponding axes showed that the third axis of untreated rare species corresponded to the forth axis of eliminating rare species and the forth axis of untreated rare species corresponded to the third axis of eliminating rare species, whereas there were very prominent relationships between their first four axes (P<0.001), which revealed the same environmental gradient. In conclusion, the findings in this study suggested that the results of two methods were basically the same when the number of environmental factors was less, but some differences were existed on the explanation tendency for their environmental factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the text sentiment analysis has always been a hot iisue in the field of natural language processing. As a short text, micro-blog is featured of refined and concise, rich in views, tendencies and attitudes. Thus, the identification of emotional tendencies has important practical significance. This paper proposed a method of sentiment analysis based on SVM and CRF, used various features including word, speech, emotional word, negative word, adverb of degree and special symbols. They designed diiferent combinations of features to make the effect optimal through multifile sets of experiments. The accuracy of SVM reached 88.72% using the combination of speech, sentiment word and negative word, while CRF attained 90.44% selecting the combination of sentiment word, negative word, adverb of degree and special symbols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The integrative technology of fertilization and micro rain-collecting film for cassava planting was explored to provide references for improving soil quality and increasing cassava yield. % Method] In field tests, the total NPK content was 900 kg/ha in each treatment. Treatment 1 was application of bio-organic fertilizer produced from cassava processing waste + + soil testing and fertilizer + micro rain-collecting film (film-mulching line spacing was 2-3 cm higher than cassava planting line spacing and the width was 80 cm) . Treatment 2 was traditional technology without film (the control). The effects of different treatments on cassava growth index, yield and soil physic-chemical properties were measured. [Result]Soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, moisture content, total porosity treated by integrative technology were 9.19%, 9.17%, 3.32%, 8.25%, 32.21%, 9.60% higher than those of the control. The bulk density was 6.25% lower than the control, and soil pH improved. Chlorophyll, dry matter in leave, cassava stem diameter, tuberousroot diameter, tuberousroot length, number of tuberousroot per plant, tuberous-root weight per plant, tuberousroot fresh weight and economic benefit increased by 51.36% , 11.14% , 18.48% , 21.57%, 18.76%, 34.88%, 40.04%, 31.89%, 9033.8 Yuan/ha , respectively. The difference reached significant (P< 0.05) or extremely significant level(P<0.01). [Conclusion]The integrative technology of bio-organic fertilizer, fertilization and micro rain-collecting film can offer prompt, sustainable and balanced nutrient conditions and markedly improve soil physic-chemical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective]The integrated fertilization and tillage technologies on cassava were discussed to provide references for cassava yield increase and soil improvement. [Method] A kind of cassava processing waste was made into bio-organic fertilizer. The integration method (T1) of bio-organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer + deep plowing + shallow sowing (two-time furrow, furrow depth of 50-60 cm, planting depth of 15-20 cm) and traditional method (T2 : one-time furrow depth of 30-35 cm & planting depth of 15-20 cm 'were designed with the total NPK nutrient of 900 kg/ha in each treatment. The effects of the two treatments on cassava growth indicators , yield and soil physical and chemical properties were measured. [Result] Compared with the control, integration method brought about the increase of 11.14% , 15.06% ,12.44% ,21.43% , 32.39% ,23.04% and 7697.90 yuan/ha on cassava stem diameter, tuberous root diameter, tuberous root length, tuberous root number per plant, tuberous root weight per plant, fresh weight of tuberous root per hectare and benefit, increase of 8.84% ,8.73% ,5.22% , 7.56% ,3.08% , 15.51% and 9.86% on available nitrogen , phosphorus , potassium , organic matter, pH , moisture content and total porosity in cassava soil, and decrease of 5.63% on soil bulk density. [Conclusion]Such technology of bio-organic fertilizer + formula fertilizer+ deep plowing + shallow sowing should be popularized as a good method to promote cassava yield, profit and improve soil physical and chemical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the influence of lignosulfonates dispersant(LS) on the slurry ability of coal slime, the adsorption mechanism of LS in coal slime surface was earned out through static adsorption experiments and the adsorption curves were analyzed by kinetic equations and isothermal adsorption models. The results showed that the initial concentration of LS had notable effects on adsorption. The best absorption effect could be obtained while the initial concentration of LS was 0.4 g/L. Meanwhile, the adsorption capacity increased with temperature at the same concentration of LS. Adsorption process fit well pseudo second order kinetics equation and the adsorption rate of LS on the coal slime was controlled by the combination of surface diffusion and intraparticle diffusion. The adsorption behaviors well accorded with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equation. The thermodynamic parameters calculation results indicated that LS spontaneously adsorb on the coal slime to increase the surface wetting properties of coal slime as well as the stability of coal slime water mixture by hydrogen bond and static electricity functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With eight methyl ring four micro-powder (D4), 1,3,5-trimethyltris (3,3,3-trifluoropyropyl) cyclotrisiloxane as fluorine-containing monomers, emulsifier AEO-9 (vinyl ether was gathered oxygen) as the composite emulsifier, they can get the silicon and fluorine finishing agent by the emulsion polymerization. Synthetic silicon and fluorine finishing agent, which forms a layer of film in the wool fabric surface and makes its surface tension significantly reduced less than the average liquid, is covered on the wool fabric, which shows water repellency and stain resistance function. Compared with the original sample, the processed wool fabric shows better in the water and antifouling decontamination function, such as, water repellency can reach the level 4, antifouling and decontamination performance can be up to grade 5, fabric breaking strength increases with the increase of finishing liquid density in a certain range, elongation at break fluctuates in a certain range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the efficacy of compound Chinese traditional medicine (CTM), which is composed of gallic acid, magnolol and polysaccharide of Bletilla, against apical periodontitis in dogs and cytotoxic assay. METHODS: A animal model of apical periodontitis was built, CTM was then used to disinfect the root canal. The effect of the restoration of periapical bone in dogs was investigated after regular root canal filling. SAS6.12 software package was used for statistical analysis, and MTT was used to test cell toxicity of CTM. RESULTS: CTM can cure inflammation effectively, and CTM had no cytotoxic effect on periodontal ligament cells at 5-week. CONCLUSIONS: The compound Chinese traditional medicine may be an effective disinfecting drug for root canal disinfection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concepts of ω-Conway semirings and ω-inductive* -semirings are introduced, and their properties are studied. It is obtained that ω-inductive* -semirings are ω-Conway semirings. The semirings of formal power series of ω-inductive * -semirings are discussed. It is proved that the matrix semirings of ω-Conway semirings (ω-inductive-semirings) are also ω-Conway semirings (ω-inductive* -semirings). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)/nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB) signaling pathway, this study observed the regulatory effect of ginsenoside Rb&#95;1(Rb&#95;1) on liver lipid metabolism in db/db obese mice and explored its potential mechanism. Thirty 6-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into a model group, a metformin group, and Rb&#95;1 groups with low, medium, and high doses, with six mice in each group. Additionally, six age-matched male db/m mice were assigned to the normal group. The intervention lasted for five weeks. Body weight, fasting blood glucose, and food intake were mea-sured weekly. At the end of the experiment, serum lipid levels and liver function were detected. Hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining and oil red O staining were performed to observe pathological changes in liver tissue. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65. RESULTS:: showed that compared with the normal group, the model group exhibited significant increases in body weight, liver weight, liver index, epididymal fat mass, epididymal fat index, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, liver function parameters, and fasting blood glucose levels. Liver lipid accumulation significantly increased, along with elevated mRNA and protein expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB p65 in the liver. After Rb&#95;1 treatment, the above-mentioned parameters in the intervention groups showed significant reversals. In conclusion, Rb&#95;1 can improve obesity and obesity-related hepatic steatosis in mice while regulating abnormal lipid and glucose meta-bolism. Mechanistically, Rb&#95;1 may improve liver steatosis in db/db obese mice by modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

The present study aimed to explore the effects of different exercise modes on neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and metabolism of skeletal muscle-related proteins in aging rats. Ten from 38 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (3-month-old) were randomly selected into young (Y) group, while the rest were raised to 21 months old and randomly divided into elderly control (O), endurance exercise (EN) and resistance exercise (R) groups. After 8 weeks of corresponding exercises training, the gastrocnemius muscles of rats were collected, and the expression of S100B in Schwann cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of agglutinate protein (Agrin), low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 4 (Lrp4), muscle- specific kinase protein (MuSK), downstream tyrosine kinase 7 (Dok7), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), phosphorylated mammalian target rapamycin (p-mTOR), and phosphorylated forkhead box O1 (p-FoxO1) in rat gastrocnemius muscles. The results showed that, endurance and resistance exercises increased the wet weight ratio of gastrocnemius muscle in the aging rats. The protein expression of S100B in the R group was significantly higher than those in the O and EN groups. Proteins related to NMJ function, including Agrin, Lrp4, MuSK, and Dok7 were significantly decreased in the O group compared with those in the Y group. Resistance exercise up-regulated these four proteins in the aging rats, whereas endurance exercise could not reverse the protein expression levels of Lrp4, MuSK and Dok7. Regarding skeletal muscle-related proteins, the O group showed down-regulated p-Akt, and p-mTOR protein expression levels and up-regulated p-FoxO1 protein expression level, compared to the Y group. Resistance and endurance exercises reversed the changes in p-mTOR and p-FoxO1 protein expression in the aging rats. These findings demonstrate that both exercise modes can enhance NMJ function, increase protein synthesis and reduce the catabolism of skeletal muscle-related proteins in aging rats, with resistance exercise showing a more pronounced effect.

This study aims to explore the effect and mechanism of Danggui Buxue Decoction(DBD)-containing serum in alleviating the H9c2 cell injury caused by the exposure to intermittent low oxygen. H9c2 cells were assigned into five groups: control(CON) group, intermittent low oxygen(IH) group, intermittent low oxygen plus DBD-containing serum(IH+DBD) group, intermittent low oxygen plus the autophagy enhancer rapamycin(IH+RAPA) group, and intermittent low oxygen plus DBD-containing serum and the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine(IH+DBD+3-MA) group. Monodansylcadaverine(MDC) staining was employed to detect the changes of autophagosomes. Cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay was employed to determine the activity of myocardial cells, and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine kinase(CK) kits were used to measure the LDH and CK levels in the cell culture, which would reflect the degree of cell damage. TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling(TUNEL) staining was used to detect the apoptosis of myocardial cells, and JC-1 fluorescence probe to detect the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot was employed to determine the expression levels of the autophagy-related proteins microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3Ⅱ(LC3Ⅱ), microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3Ⅰ(LC3Ⅰ), P62, Parkin and apoptosis related proteins pro caspase-3, caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated X(Bax). The results showed that compared with the CON group, the IH group showed decreased fluorescence intensity of MDC staining, decreased LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio, down-regulated Parkin expression, and up-regulated expression of P62. In addition, the IH group showed decreased cell survival rate, increased content of LDH and CK in the culture medium, increased number of TUNEL positive cells, and decreased pro caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bcl-2/Bax ratios and mitochondrial membrane potential. Compared with the IH group, the IH+DBD and IH+RAPA groups showed increased fluorescence intensity of MDC staining, increased LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio, up-regulated Parkin expression, and down-regulated P62 expression. In addition, the two groups showed increased cell survival rate, reduced content of LDH and CK in the culture medium, decreased number of TUNEL positive cells, and increased pro caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bcl-2/Bax ratios and mitochondrial membrane potential. The IH+DBD+3-MA and IH groups showed no significant differences in the above indicators. Compared with the IH+DBD group, the IH+DBD+3-MA group showed decreased fluorescence intensity of MDC staining, decreased LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratio, down-regulated Parkin expression, and up-regulated P62 expression. In addition, the group had decreased cell survival rate, increased content of LDH and CK in the culture medium, increased number of TUNEL positive cells, decreased pro caspase-3/caspase-3 and Bcl-2/Bax ratios, and declined mitochon-drial membrane potential. To sum up, DBD could promote the mitophagy, inhibit the apoptosis, and alleviated the injury of H9c2 cells exposed to low oxygen.

It has been well documented that exercise can improve bone metabolism, promote bone growth and development, and alleviate bone loss. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and other bone tissue cells, and regulation of balance between bone formation and bone resorption by targeting osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors. Thus miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Recently, regulation of miRNAs are shown to be one of the ways by which exercise or mechanical stress promotes the positive balance of bone metabolism. Exercise induces changes of miRNAs expression in bone tissue and regulates the expression of related osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors, to further strengthen the osteogenic effect of exercise. This review summarizes relevant studies on the mechanism whereby exercise regulates bone metabolism via miRNAs, providing a theoretical basis for osteoporosis prevention and treatment with exercise.

Objective: To investigate the effects of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) on the expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), P-samd3, serum laminin (LN) and hyaluronidase (HA) in mouse lung tissues and the protective effects of Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction on lung interstitial deposition damage in CIH mice., Methods: Fifty SPF-grade C57BL mice were randomly divided into five groups ( n =10): blank control group, CIH model group, and CIH+ low, medium and high doses of Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction group. Mice were placed under normoxia or CIH conditions, respectively. The Chinese medicine group was given the corresponding doses of drugs. HE staining was performed to assess pathological changes and Masson staining was performed to assess collagen deposition. Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of channel proteins such as TGF-β1, P-smad3 and down stream α-SMA and Collagen I. ELISA was performed to detect the serum levels of TGF-β1, LN and HA., Results: HE staining showed alveolar collapse, septal thickening and epithelial cell necrosis in CIH mice, Masson showed massive collagen fiber proliferation and deposition in lung interstitium, while the above changes in lung tissues were significantly improved in the CIH + Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction groups compared with the CIH group. TGF-β1, P-smad3 and Collagen I, Collagen Ⅲ, and α-SMA expression levels were increased compared with the blank control group ( P ＜0.05), and the expressions of TGF-β1 and LN in serum were upregulated ( P ＜0.05). The expressions of TGF-β1, P-smad3, Collagen I protein and SMA-α in the lung tissues of the CIH+ Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction groups were downregulated significantly compared with those of the CIH group ( P ＜0.05), and the improvement of multiple indexes in the CIH+high-dose CIH intervention group was better than those of the low-dose group ( P ＜0.05)., Conclusion: Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction can inhibit alveolar structural changes and excessive collagen deposition in the interstitium of CIH mice, and then improve lung function in CIH mice. The mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of protein expression related to TGF-β/smads signaling pathway by Bu Zhong Yi Qi decoction.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Banxia Houpo decoction on the renal NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway in chronic intermittent hypoxia mice. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, normal control group (Control), chronic intermittent hypoxia group (CIH), and Banxia Houpo decoction treatment group (BHD), with 10 mice in each group. Mice in the CIH group and BHD group were placed in a hypoxic chamber. The oxygen volume fraction in the cabin was decreased from 21% to 9% in 90 s, and then oxygen was filled in 90 s to gradually increase the oxygen volume fraction in the cabin to 21%, while the mice in the control group were placed in the cabin and filled with normal air, processing 8 hours per day for 21 days. The mice in BHD group were treated with Banxia Houpu decoction by gavage before entering the cabin every day, and the control group and CIH group were given an equal volume of normal saline. After modeling, the changes of renal function indexes in each group were detected; HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological conditions of the kidney; Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect the protein expression levels of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3), aspartate-specific cysteine protein 1(Caspase-1) and interleukine-1beta(IL-1β). Results: Compared with control group, the contents of serum renal functional indexes UA, BUN and SCr in CIH group were increased significantly (P<0.01), and after BHD treatment, they all were decreased significantly compared with CIH group (P<0.01). Compared with control group, the results of HE staining showed that in the CIH group, glomerular endothelial cells were degenerated and necrotic, and vacuoles of different sizes appeared in renal tubular epithelial cells, and a small amount of renal tubular epithelial cells fell off and died. The pathological condition of the BHD group was improved compared with CIH group, the glomerular morphology gradually returned to normal, and a small amount of renal tubular epithelial cells fell off and died. Compared with control group, Masson staining results showed that there was obvious fibrosis around the glomeruli in the CIH group, the fibrosis was significantly reduced in the BHD group. The expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 were increased significantly compared with control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and immunohistochemical staining showed that NLRP3 was mainly expressed in renal tubular epithelial cells and interstitial macrophages, caspase-1 and IL-1β were mainly found in the cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells. After BHD treatment, the expression levels of each protein were decreased compared with CIH group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Banxia Houpu decoction can reduce the kidney damage by inhibiting the expression of related molecules in the NLRP3/Casapse-1/IL-1β signaling pathway.

The study established a chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH) model in mice to investigate the effects of Danggui Buxue Decoction(DBD) on mitochondrial autophagy and cardiomyocyte apoptosis and explore its protective effect and mechanism on cardiac function of CIH mice. Forty C57 BL/6 N male mice were randomly divided into the control(CON) group, CIH group, CIH+DBD group, and DBD group, with 10 mice in each group. CIH was induced by filling the hypoxic chamber with N&#95;2(90 s) to reduce the O&#95;2 concentration to 5% and then filling the hypoxic chamber with O&#95;2(90 s) to restore O&#95;2 concentration to 21%, 3 min per cycle, and the CIH treatment continued for 35 d, 8 h per day. Mice in the CIH+DBD and DBD groups were treated with intragastric administration of DBD every day, while those in the CON and CIH groups with the same volume of normal saline. The cardiac function of mice was measured by echocardiography. The pathological changes in myocardium were observed after HE staining, followed by the observation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis by Tunel staining. The expression of apoptosis-related proteins pro-caspase-3, caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax and autophagy-related proteins LC3Ⅱ, LC3Ⅰ, P62, parkin, and cytochrome C(Cytc) was detected by Western blot. The mitochondrial membrane potential was observed using JC-1 fluorescent probe. Compared with the CON group, the CIH group exhibited remar-kably lowered left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS), elevated left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV) and end-diastolic volume(LVEDV), disordered myocardial fiber arrangement, increased number of TUNEL-positive cells, decreased pro-caspase-3/caspase-3, Bcl-2/Bax, and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratios, parkin, mitochondrial Cytc expression, and mitochondrial membrane potential, and up-regulated P62 and Cytc expression. Compared with the CIH group, DBD increased LVEF, LVFS, pro-caspase-3/caspase-3, Bcl-2/Bax, and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ ratios, and parkin expression, as well as mitochond-rial Cytc expression, and mitochondrial membrane potential, decreased LVESV, LVEDV, and the number of Tunel-positive cells, and improved the myocardial fiber arrangement. DBD has a protective effect on the heart function of CIH mice. It improves the heart function possibly by promoting mitochondrial autophagy to ameliorate mitochondrial function and inhibiting the cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

On the basis of previous studies, this study prepared and evaluated microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium and investigated its protective effect against peripheral nervous system damage caused by chemotherapeutics. The preparation method and the type and dosage of the matrix were investigated from rheology, preparation difficulty, and drug loading. Then the optimal prescription was determined and the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium was prepared. The in vitro release and transdermal behaviors of the gel were investigated in the Franz diffusion cell with epimedin A1,A,B,C, and icariin as evaluation indicators. The oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy(OIPN) model was established in Wistar rats. The protective effect of the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium against peripheral nervous system damage caused by chemotherapeutics was evaluated by behavioral measurement after drug administration and histopathological examination of dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve. The preparation process of the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium was stable, and the release of the five components was consistent with the Hixson-Crowell cube root law. Behavioral indicators intuitively showed that the drug could effectively relieve mechanical allodynia caused by oxaliplatin. The histopathological examination showed that the drug can improve neuron damage in the dorsal root ganglia, axon degeneration, and demyelination caused by oxaliplatin. Therefore, the preparation process of the microemulsion gel loading enriched ingredients of Epimedii Folium is feasible, which can achieve stable drug release. It has a certain therapeutic effect on chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy(CIPN).

We analyzed the spatial distribution pattern and correlation of the top four dominant tree species in a 2 hm 2 karst secondary forest plot of Tianlong Mountain in central Guizhou, using pairwise correlation function g(r ) combined with a completely random model (CSR). The results showed that the diameter structure of trees followed an inverted J-shape, and that more trees belonged to diameter class Ⅴ (≥10 cm) driven by the dominant trees of Lithocarpus confinis and Platycarya longipes . L. confinis presented an inverted J-shaped distribution, and the population could renew very well and was in the primary growth stage. The abundance of P. longipes and Itea yunnanensis increased gradually with increasing diameter class. The density of grown and large trees was far more than the young and small individuals, which indicated poor population regeneration, and the population was in the middle and late growth stages. The top dominant tree species, except L. confinis , showed clustering distribution at large scale, which was decreased gradually with scale and trended to distribute randomly. The pattern was particularly prominent in the diameter class for young trees. Different diameter classes of different tree species presented diffe-rent spatial distribution patterns which influenced by many factors. In terms of interspecific associations, the four dominant tree species showed negative or no associations. The higher importance value of tree species, the lower the degree of association with other dominant species. The two negative correlation tree species had the lowest degree of correlation at small scale. With the increase of spatial scale, the degree of negative correlation decreased gradually, and tended to be no correlation.

This study aims to analyze the research on the prevention and treatment of cerebral small vessel diseases(CSVDs) with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) based on knowledge map, and to preliminarily explore the research hotspots and trends. To be specific, articles on TCM treatment of CSVDs in CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP(from establishment to November 2021) were retrieved, followed by bibliometric analysis. Then CiteSpace 5.7 R4 and Gephi were employed for generation of maps on annual number of articles, author cooperation, institution cooperation, keyword co-occurrence, keyword clustering, and keyword emergence. A total of 106 eligible articles were screened out, and the annual number of articles presented a steady upward trend. A total of 277 authors were included in the author cooperation network, among whom CHEN Zhigang published the most articles. A total of 87 institutions were included in the institution cooperation network, among which Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine showed the most frequent cooperation with other institutions. Keyword clustering showed that research on the TCM treatment of CSVDs mainly focused on five aspects: related disease research, neurological function deficits, disease nature and location in TCM, TCM treatment methods, and formulas. The prevention and treatment of CSVDs with TCM in China has been developing steadily in the past ten years, and TCM has unique advantages in the prevention and treatment of this disease. The knowledge maps vividly demonstrated the development and research hotspots and trends in this field. The result is expected to provide a reference for further research in this field.

Objective: To investigate the effects of the pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 on nerve injury in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). Methods: Seventy-two SD rats were randomly divided into three groups ( n =24): Sham group, ICH group and MCC950 group. ICH group and MCC950 group rats were injected with autogenous non-anticoagulant blood to establish ICH model, and then the rats in MCC950 group were intraperitoneally injected with MCC950 at the dose of 10 mg/kg(2 mg/ml) for 3 days after ICH model was established. Seventy-two hours after the establishment of the model, the forelimb placement test, the corner test and mNSS score were performed to observe the neurological function of the rats with ICH. The volume of hematoma was observed in fresh brain tissue sections. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of brain tissue. The dry-wet weight ratio was calculated to evaluate the changes of brain tissue edema. The degeneration of neurons was observed by FJC staining. The neuronal apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining. The protein expression and activation levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18 and GSDMD were determined by Western blot. Results: Compared with sham group, the percentage of successful placement of left forelimb and left turn was decreased significantly ( P ＜0.01, P ＜0.05), mNSS score was increased significantly ( P ＜0.01) in ICH group. Hematoma volume was increased significantly, the number of microglial cells around the hematoma was increased, the number of neurons was decreased, nerve cell swelled, some cells showed pyknotic necrosis, and the staining was deepened. The water content of the right base was increased significantly ( P ＜0.05). The number of FJC positive and TUNEL positive cells around the hematoma was increased significantly ( P ＜0.05). The levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1/pro-caspase-1 ratio, GSDMD-N, GSDMD, GSDMD-N/GSDMD ratio, IL-1β and IL-18 were increased significantly ( P ＜0.01, P ＜ 0.05). Compared with ICH group, the percentage of successful placement of left forelimb and left turn was increased significantly in MCC950 group ( P ＜0.05), while the mNSS score and the volume of hematoma were decreased significantly ( P ＜0.01), the swelling degree of nerve cells around the hematoma was reduced significantly, and the number of pyrotic necrotic cells was decreased. The water content of the right base was decreased significantly ( P ＜0.05), and the number of FJC positive and TUNEL positive cells around the hematoma was decreased significantly ( P ＜0.05). The levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1/pro-caspase-1 ratio, GSDMD-N, GSDMD, GSDMD-N/GSDMD ratio, IL-1β and IL-18 were decreased significantly ( P ＜0.05). Conclusion: MCC950 can ameliorate nerve injury after ICH by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome mediated inflammation and pyroptosis.

To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Ginkgo Leaf Tablets(GLT) in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction(ACI). Seven databases both at home and abroad were systematically retrieved from their establishment to March 2020. The data of the included studies were extracted after review and screening. The quality of the included studies was assessed with the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool, and then the included studies were put into Meta-analysis by RevMan 5.3 to evaluate the total cli-nical efficiency, neurological function score, blood lipids and incidence of adverse reactions in treatment of ACI by GLT. Finally, the GRADE system was adopted to evaluate the evidence quality of each outcome indicator and form recommendations. Ten studies involving 886 participants were included, all of which were of low quality. Meta-analysis results showed that,(1)in terms of the total clinical efficiency, GLT+Western medicine was superior to Western medicine alone(RR&#95;(NDS)=1.20, 95%CI[1.06, 1.36], P=0.005; RR&#95;(NIHSS)=1.35, 95%CI[1.09, 1.69], P=0.007), and there was no statistical difference between GLT+Xuesaitong Injection+Wes-tern medicine and Xuesaitong Injection+Western medicine(RR=1.16, 95%CI[1.00, 1.35], P=0.05).(2)In terms of improving neurological function score, GLT+Western medicine was superior to Western medicine alone(MD&#95;(NIHSS[moderate(severe)])=-1.55, 95%CI[-2.22,-0.88], P&lt;0.000 01; MD&#95;(NIHSS(severe))=-7.51, 95%CI[-8.00,-7.02], P&lt;0.000 01; MD&#95;(NDS)=-1.36, 95%CI[-2.39,-0.33], P=0.01), and GLT+Danshen Injection+Western medicine was superior to Danshen Injection+Western medicine(MD&#95;(NDS)=-3.09, 95%CI[-3.84,-2.34], P&lt;0.000 01).(3)In terms of regulating blood lipids, GLT+Western medicine was superior to Wes-tern medicine alone(MD&#95;(TC)=-1.40, 95%CI[-2.13,-0.66], P=0.000 2; MD&#95;(TG)=-1.29, 95%CI[-1.86,-0.73], P&lt;0.000 01; MD&#95;(LDL-C)=-1.48, 95%CI[-2.91,-0.04], P=0.04; MD&#95;(HDL-C)=0.07, 95%CI[0.02, 0.12], P=0.009).(4)In terms of incidence of adverse reactions, there was no statistical difference between GLT+Western medicine and Western medicine alone(RR=0.63, 95%CI[0.30, 1.32], P=0.22). The results of the evaluation showed that the evidence level of each outcome indicator was low, and the recommendation was at weak level. In conclusion, GLT+Western medicine could improve the total clinical efficiency, neurological function score, and blood lipid status, with a low incidence of adverse reactions. However, due to the small amount of included stu-dies, low study quality and low level of evidence, it is expected to carry out clinical studies with standardized design and large sample size in the future to further investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of GLT in the treatment of ACI.

Objective: To analyze the rules of acupoint selection in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease in China using data mining technology., Methods: The published literature of treating gastroesophageal reflux disease with acupuncture was retrieved from electronic databases from January 1, 1983 to December 1, 2019, including SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP database. Acupuncture prescription database was established, and the rules of acupoint selection were explored by statistical software SPSS 20.0 and SPSS Modeler 18.0., Results: A total of 92 articles were included into this analysis, involving 92 acupuncture prescriptions, 76 acupoints. The total frequency of using these acupoints reached 549 times. Zhongwan (CV 12) was the most frequently used acupoint; the often selected meridians were conception vessel, stomach meridian, governor vessel, bladder meridian; the acupoints located at the abdomen, lower limbs and back were commonly selected; crossing points in the specific acupoints were commonly selected; the most frequently used group was Zusanli (ST 36)-Zhongwan (CV 12) and Neiguan (PC 6)., Conclusion: Treating gastroesophageal reflux disease by acupuncture in China is dominated by shu-mu point combination, supplemented by mu-he point combination; yin meridians are emphasized as much as yang meridians; using specific acupoints is advocated, especially the crossing points.

Objective: To develop an automated chimeric analysis and reporting platform based on short tandem repeat (STR) and capillary electrophoresis methods for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) so as to improve work efficiency., Methods: Apache, MySQL, PHP and HTML5 were used to build the database and interface. The STR locus geno typing and chimeric analysis logic and flow were set up on the basis of STR rules and capillary electrophoresis. STR genotyping and 194 times of chimeric testing data of 100 patients after allo-HSCT were used to test the platform for automatic STR locus genotyping, chimeric calculation and report generation., Results: The established platform could realize the functions of STR locus customization, STR genotype determination, automatic chimeric analysis, and detection information database management, which can automatically generate an integrated report including multiple sequential chimeric results and trend graphs for the same patient and can be accessed and used simultaneously by different users through different browser interfaces. The results of automated analysis by the platform are completely consistent with that of manual analysis by experienced technicians, and the possibility of manual analysis error is reduced through automation. The time required for automatic analysis using this platform is approximately 1/6-1/5 of manual analysis., Conclusion: The automatic analysis platform built in this study is operation stable and reliable in analysis results, which can improve work efficiency and report connotation, thus worthing popularized and applicable.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma(PTCL)., Methods: The clinical data of 6 patients with relapsed or refractory PTCL undergoing allo-HSCT from Sep. 2014 to Sep. 2018 in the department of hematology, aerospace center hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Complications and disease-free survival after HSCT were observed., Results: All the patients could well tolerate the conditioning regimen and acquired hematopoietic recon-struction. Following up till December 2018, with a median time of 11.5 months (1-51); acute GVHD developed in 2 cases and chronic GVHD developed in 5 cases, Among 6 cases one case died of viral pheumonia and the other 5 patients remained disease-free survival. The longest disease-free survival time has reached 51 months., Conclusion: allo-HSCT is a safe and effective method for relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma, which can be chosen as salvage treatment method for patients with primary resistance. Optimization of the conditioning regimen may result in better efficacy of allo-HSCT.

In order to evaluate the quality of Styrax more comprehensively,this study attempted to establish an HPLC wavelength switching method to simultaneously determine the content of seven compounds in Styrax,and chemometrics were used to analyze the quality difference between different sources of Styrax,and finally establish a characteristic chromatogram of Styrax. The column was Agilent ZORBAX Extend C18( 4. 6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with phase a mixture of acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase in a gradient elution procedure; the detection wavelength was set as follows: 0-13. 5 min,194 nm( benzoic acid);13. 5-20. 5 min,278 nm( cinnamic acid); 20. 5-32 min,194 nm( benzyl benzoate,benzyl cinnamate,cinnamyl cinnamate,dehydroabietic acid); 32-55 min,241 nm( abietic acid). The methodological verification results showed that when the injection masses of benzoic acid,cinnamic acid,benzyl benzoate,benzyl cinnamate,cinnamyl cinnamate,dehydroabietic acid and abietic acid were0. 006 948-0. 694 8,0. 001 426-0. 142 6,0. 013 16-0. 658 0,0. 006 148-0. 614 8,0. 008 035-0. 803 5,0. 002 121-0. 212 1,and0. 010 172-1. 017 2 μg,respectively,there were good linear relationship between injection mass and peak area. The average recovery rates of seven compounds were in the range from 94. 34% to 105. 8%,and all RSD were less than 3. 0%( n = 6). The methodological verification results showed that the developed HPLC wavelength switching method has good accuracy and repeatability. The results of the sample analysis showed that the quality of Styrax from different sources was quite different. The chromatogram of Styrax reference material( S1) was used as the reference chromatogram to calculate the fingerprint similarity of each batch of samples. The results showed that the similarities of samples S2-S10 were 0. 952,0. 949,0. 981,0. 351,0. 751,0. 969,0. 979,0. 992 and 0. 971,respectively.The similarity values of other batches samples were satisfactory,except for sample S5 and S6,indicating that the quality difference among these samples is small. The similarity values of S11-S20 were 0. 060,0. 055,0. 054,0. 285,0. 092,0. 002,0. 044,0. 044,0. 044,and 0. 040,respectively. The results showed that compared with the sample S1,there was a large quality difference among S11-S20. Based on the chromatograms of S1-S10,the HPLC characteristic chromatograms of Styrax was established and the purpose is to give reference to other pharmaceutical researchers. The newly developed HPLC wavelength switching method have the advantages of simplicity,reproducibility and specificity,and the developed HPLC characteristic chromatograms provided a reference method for the overall quality evaluation of Styrax.

Objective: To study the expression of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L3 (UCH-L3) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) tissues, and to analyze the relationship between UCH-L3 expression and the clinic pathological characteristics and prognosis of EOC patients., Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to evaluate UCH-L3 expression in different ovarian epithelial tissue specimens. The correlation between UCH-L3 expression and clinical pathologic parameters, prognosis and of EOC was statistically analyzed., Results: The expression level of UCH-L3 in EOC was higher than that in benign ovarian tumor and normal ovary ( P < 0.05). The positive expression level of UCH-L3 in late FIGO group, high-level group, group with intraperitoneal metastasis were significantly higher than that in early FIGO group ( P =0.006), low-level group ( P =0.001), group without intraperitoneal metastasis ( P =0.032). There was no significant difference in survival time between the high and low expression groups of UCH-L3., Conclusion: UCH-L3 may play a role in EOC pathogenesis and progression., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

In this study, we synthesized Ca/Mg biochar sorbents (CMZZs) by pyrolysis of biogas residue (ZZs) impregnated with calcium chloride and magnesium chloride and investigated their potential to adsorb P from water. The results showed that the content of calcium and magnesium in the modified biochar was 1.3 and 15.4 times, respectively, what they were before the modification. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the type of chemical functional groups on the surface of biochar had not changed, but several new peaks appeared, indicating that Mg (OH) 2 and MgO might be present on the surface of the CMZZs. The biochar equilibrium data were well described by the Freundlich model, and the adsorption reached equilibrium after 100 min. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the CMZZs was 76.92 mg·g -1 when the pH was 9 and the temperature 303 K. The results revealed that a soaking method can effectively load Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ onto the surface of ZZ, and CMZZs offer a promising adsorbent for P removal with a high adsorption capacity for P from wastewater.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect and safety of anti-D immunoglobulin (anti-D) in the treatment of children with newly diagnosed acute immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) through a Meta analysis., Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cohrane Library, Ovid, CNKI, and Wanfang Data were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to April 2017. Review Manager 5.3 was used for the Meta analysis., Results: Seven RCTs were included. The Meta analysis showed that after 72 hours and 7 days of treatment, the intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) group had a significantly higher percentage of children who achieved platelet count >20×10 9 /L than the anti-D group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in platelet count after 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days of treatment between the anti-D (50 μg/kg) group and the IVIG group (P>0.05), and there were also no significant differences in platelet count after 24 hours and 7 days of treatment between the 50 μg/kg and 75 μg/kg anti-D groups (P>0.05). The anti-D group had a significantly greater reduction in the hemoglobin level than the IVIG group after treatment, but did not need transfusion. No children in the anti-D group or the IVIG group experienced serious adverse reactions., Conclusions: Intravenous injection of anti-D may have a similar effect as IVIG in improving platelet count in children with acute ITP, but it may be slightly inferior to IVIG in the rate of platelet increase after treatment. The anti-D dose of 50 μg/kg may have a similar effect as 75 μg/kg. The recommended dose of anti-D for treatment of ITP is safe.

Warming-induced decrease in seasonal snow cover has a great potential to affect soil nitrogen cycle in alpine cold forest ecosystems. In this study, a wooden-shelter method was used to remove the snow accumulation. Soil nitrogen pools and mineralization rates in the snow removal and control plots were measured synchronously in three critical periods (early snow cover, deep snow cover and snow cover melting) in a subalpine spruce forest of western Sichuan, China. Seasonal snow cover kept soil from cold air temperature. Snow removal decreased average and minimum soil temperatures (5 cm) by 0.33 and 1.17 ℃, respectively. In addition, snow removal caused a positive effect on soil frost depth and freeze-thaw cycle. There was a significant dynamic in soil labile nitrogen pool among different periods. Snow removal on average increased NH 4 + -N, NO 3 - -N and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) contents by 38.6%, 23.5% and 57.3%, respectively, over the winter. Moreover, snow removal increased soil net nitrification and mineralization rates in the snow co-ver melting period. Overall, warming-induced decrease in snow cover could stimulate winter soil nitrogen cycle of subalpine forests.

Objective: To construct a recombinant human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) expressing luciferase and GFP reporter gene and detect neutralizing antibodies against adenovirus type 5 in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) to provide basic laboratory data for evaluating adenovirus vaccines., Methods: Luciferase and GFP reporter genes from plasmid pHAGE-CMV-GFP were inserted into pDC315 to construct the recombinant adenovirus shutter plasmid pDC315-Luc-GFP. The shutter plasmid was co-transduced with pBHGlox(delta)E1,3Cre in 293A cell line to package the recombinant adenovirus rAd5/Luc/GFP. Three rounds of plaque formation experiment were performed to select the monoclonal adenovirus followed by purification with cesium chloride density gradient centrifugation and virus titration with TCID50 method. Chemiluminescence assay and flow cytometry were employed to detect the neutralizing antibody levels in 14 common marmosets., Results: The shuttle plasmid pDC315-Luc-GFP was successfully constructed and the recombinant adenovirus rAd5/Luc/GFP was packaged with a the titer reaching 6.9×10(11.5) PFU/mL. In the 14 marmosets, chemiluminescence assay identified 4 (28.6%) marmosets that were positive for Ad5-neutralizing antibodies, including 2 with a antibody titer of 1/16 and another 2 with a titer of 1/32; flow cytomery detected Ad5-neutralizing antibodies in 3 marmosets at the titer of 1/16., Conclusion: Chemiluminescence assay is a simple, sensitive, and accurate modality for detecting Ad5-neutralizing antibodies. Common marmosets have a very low positivity rate for Ad5-neutralizing antibodies and are therefore promising models for studying adenovirus-based vaccines and therapies.

Purpose: This study was to evaluate clinical results of adhesives to sclerotic dentin in non-carious cervical lesions pretreated with ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA)., Methods: Twelve patients who had at least one pair of teeth with typical cervical wedge-shaped defects and class III sclerotic dentin were selected. The teeth were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, EDTA was used to pretreat dentin surface first and then self-etching resin adhesive; In the control group, only self-etching resin adhesive was used. Modified USPHS rating system was applied in baseline, 6 months and 12 months after treatment. SAS 8.02 software package was used for two-sample rank sum test., Results: At the time point of 6-month and 12-month, the scores in the experimental group were significantly better than the control group (P<0.05)., Conclusions: EDTA pretreatment of the sclerotic dentin of cervical wedge-shaped defects could improve the resin bonding strength, marginal discoloration, marginal form and surface quality.

In this paper, we have prepared polyacrylonitrile (PAN) /Ag nanoparticle composite nanofibers as a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate via an electrospinning technique. First, the PAN and AgNO3 were dissolved in N, N'-dimethylformamide solvent to get PAN/Ag seed solution; then the PAN/Ag seed solution was electrospun for the preparation of PAN/Ag seed composite nanofibers; Finally, the PAN/Ag seed composite nanofibers were treated by hydrazine hydrate to syn- thesize PAN/Ag nanoparticle composite nanofibers. The as-prepared PAN/Ag nanoparticle composite nanofibers were mixed with the probes for the SERS detection to get the SERS spectrum of the probes. The PAN/Ag nanoparticle composite nanofibers substate showed a good SERS signal when the concentration of PATP is as low as 10(-6) mol x L(-1). Furthermore, this kind of SERS substrate could be large-scale prepared, which showed a high commercial value.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential for regulating conformational changes, activities and functions of proteins, and are involved in almost all cellular pathways and processes. Identification of protein PTMs is the basis for understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms. In contrast with labor-intensive and time-consuming experiments, the PTM prediction using various bioinformatics approaches can provide accurate, convenient, and efficient strategies and generate valuable information for further experimental consideration. In this review, we summarize the current progresses made by Chineses bioinformaticians in the field of PTM Bioinformatics, including the design and improvement of computational algorithms for predicting PTM substrates and sites, design and maintenance of online and offline tools, establishment of PTM-related databases and resources, and bioinformatics analysis of PTM proteomics data. Through comparing similar studies in China and other countries, we demonstrate both advantages and limitations of current PTM bioinformatics as well as perspectives for future studies in China.

Objective: To explore whether edaravone protects cells damage via mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signal pathway, and which procedure of p38 be affected so as to add theories for AD pathogenesis and treatments., Methods: According to different drugs treated, PC12 cells in vitro were divided into four groups. Negative control group: cells were treated with media alone. AD model group: cells were treated with 30 pmol/L Abeta(25-35). Inhibitor control group: cells were treated with 10 micromol/L SB203580 Cp38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) inhibitor], 10 micromol/L SP600125 [c-Jun NH2 terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor], or 10 micromol/L PD98059 extracelular signal regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor]. Low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose edaravone group: cells plated for 24 hours treated with 30 micromol/L Abeta(25-35) and co-treated with 20, 40, 80 micromol/L edaravone 3 hours, respectively. The morphology of the treated cells were observed, the p-p38, p-JNK and p-ERK proteins in each group were tested by the Western blot. The p38 mRNA were tested in each group above (only add SB203580 10 micromol/L in third group) by the real time PCR., Results: (1) The p-p38 protein was significantly increased in model control group compared with that in negative control group (P<0.05). The p-p38 protein in the inhibitor group and edaravone groups was decreased significantly (P<0.05) when compared with that in model control group. The p-p38 proteins were significantly increased in the three edaravone groups compared with that in inhibiter control group (P<0.05). The p-p38 protein in middle-dose edaravone group was decreased compared with that in low-dose edaravone group (P<0.05). There was no relationship in dose-dependent manner about edaravone. Compared with three edaravone groups, the p-p38 protein was lower than it in high-dose edaravone & inhibiter group (P<0.05). (2) The p-JNK protein was significantly increased in model control group compared with that in negative control group (P<0.05). The p-JNK protein in the inhibitor group was decreased compared with that in model control group (P<0.05). (3) No significantly difference of p-ERK protein concentration was observed in other groups when compared with that in negative control group (P>0.05 each). (4) Compared with negative control group, the p38 mRNA in model control group was significantly increased, and it was significantly decreased in inhibitor control group (P<0.05 each). In 40 micromol/L and 80 micromol/L edaravone groups, the p38 mRNA was significantly decreased compared with that in model control group, and it still was decreased compared with that in inhibitor control group (P<0.05). The p38 mRNA in 40 micromol/L edaravone group was the lowest among three edaravone groups, and it was obviously different from that in 20 micromol/L and 80 micromol/L edaravone groups (P<0.05)., Conclusion: Abeta(25-35) could increase the p-p38 and p-JNK protein expression in cultured PC12 cells, but there was no obviously expression of p-ERK protein. These indicated that Abeta(25-35) might activate MAPKs signal pathway, especially p38 and JNK, and lead to PC12 cell damage. Edaravone could decrease p38 mRNA induced-Abeta(25-35), which indicated edaravone could protect PC12 cell damage via blocking p38 signal pathway in mRNA stage and protein stage simultaneously. Hence, it is promising that edaravone would be a new medicine for AD.