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Pearlite transformation and its re-austenitization process, which involve triple phases and dual phase interfaces, have been considered difficult phase transformation processes. Thus, the mechanism and physical nature of them are waiting to be studied. The partition of carbon and substitutional alloying element M during transformation by integrating the previous results were clarified. Moreover, the application of phase field method in the pearlite transformation was introduced. Based on the large amount of the experimental and calculated results, the influence of the inhomogenous microstructure and composition on the re-austenitization from pearlite were further discussed. Partitional and non-partitional transformed temperature (PNTT), which is due to the large difference of diffusion coefficient between C and M, was further studied. Based on this, a new heat treatment of near-eutectoid Mn-contained steel has been put forward. The segregation of Mn in retained austenite can be significantly improved compared to the traditional Q&P treatment, and then the stability of the retained austenite can be enhanced and the guidance can be provided for controlling the martensite/austenite dual phase microstructure more systematically.

A general test turntable was designed and developed for the test of the bomb chamber, and in-depth research on the system oscillations and long system response time that occur during the test of different load processes are given. A fuzzy adaptive PID control method is proposed. Taking the error e and the error change rate ec as inputs, the fuzzy parameters are used to modify the PID parameters online to meet the requirements of e and ec for PID parameter self-tuning under different loads, which will eliminate the oscillations and increase the response speed of the system. Through system modeling and simulation, the control effects of common PID control and fuzzy adaptive PID control under different loads are compared. According to the simulation analysis, the fuzzy adaptive PID control can recognize the change of the load in time compared with the normal PID control, which will help to adjust the PID parameter of the system accordingly, so that the system maintains a certain response speed.

The Zhuxi ultra-large type copper-tungsten deposit in the Northeast Jiangxi province located in Taqian -Fuchun metallogenic belt which belongs to Jiangnan ancient island-arc, the discovery of the deposit has verified Southern Tungsten North Expansion perspective and challenge the viewpoint that Tungsten located in the south but the copper located in the north of Jiangxi provience, but the previous lack of accurate chronology study related to Zhuxi copper-tungsten mineralization of granite not enough, resulting in the geodynamic background of understanding. In this study, on the basis of detailed field investigation, core logging and petrology studies on the granodioritic porphyries which had intruded into the Middle Proterozoic Shuangqiaoshan group and with copper mineralization alteration, using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) zircon U-Pb dating, we obtained the granodioritic porphyries zircon 206Pb/238U weighted mean age of 847.2±9.4Ma (MSWD=0.111), which can represent the granodiorite porphyry magma emplacement and crystallization age, belonging to the neoproterozoic. The results reveal that the granodioritic porphyries of Zhuxi copper-tungsten mine is a product of the early Neoproterozoic Southern China ancient oceanic crust subduction and Yangtze and Cathaysian continental blocks collisional magmatism, the magmatic activity provides the basis for the metallogenic Qinzhou-Hangzhou metallogenic belt, and the magma event is close related to the Taqian-Fuchun ore belt mineralization, it also provides new evidence for the study of Zhuxi ultra-large type copper-tungsten deposit.

Accompanied by the crucial breakthrough of prospecting for skarn-type Cu-W deposit in Zhuxi of Jiangxi Province, the previously established model of ore distribution was incorrect in that the W and Cu deposits distribution was in the south and north regions respectively. A new model is presented, indicating that the south W deposit might occur in the north region. To verify the new hypothesis, the crystallizing ages and tectonic attributes of ore-related igneous rocks become a critical issue. Furthermore, there are several lamprophyre veins in the study area that might have some temporal and spatial relationships to the Cu-W deposit. Consequently, after extensive field surveying, core logging recording and thin section observation, the veins were dated accurately by zircon U-Pb isotopic method of LA-ICP-MS. Two groups of 206Pb/238U weighted ages of crystallization were yielded, one being (856 ± 10) Ma (MSWD=0.22), and the other is (160.3 ± 2.1) Ma (MSWD=0.17). Considering overall proofs, it is suggested here that the former group of age might represents a magmatism event during the period of subduction for South China ancient oceanic crust in early Neoproterozoic and of collision between the Yangtze and the Cathaysia continental blocks, while the latter one might indicate a magma intrusion event in the early period of Late Jurassic, which produced re-melting of previous rocks triggered by subduction from the Pacific to the Eura-asia plates in Early Jurassic, in accordance with the metallogenic age of the Taqian-Fuchun metallogenic belt in Zhuxi area. The lamprophyre geochronological study in the paper provides a sound theory basis for the metallogenesis of Zhuxi Cu-W deposits.

In order to clarify the rules and differences of natural aging and sealed aging at lower oxygen concentration under different regional climatic conditions, tobacco strips of two varieties from Pu'er region in Yunnan Province were synchronously aged in Guangzhou and Kunming. In Guangzhou, natural aging and sealed aging at less than 2% oxygen concentration were used, while only natural aging was used in Kunming. The differences in leaf appearance, sensory quality and chemical components of the strips aged in the two cities were analyzed by periodic sampling. The results showed that: 1) The mass fractions of total alkaloids, total sugars, polyphenols and amino acids of the naturally and sealed aged Pu'er tobacco in Guangzhou decreased over the 23-month aging period, the reducing sugar/total sugar ratio increased, and the optimum quality of the strips reached after aging for 10-13 months. 2) The variations in the chemical components of the naturally aged strips in Kunming were relatively small throughout the experimental period, and the quality of the strips gradually increased with the progress of aging. 3) The high-temperature environment of the warehouses in Guangzhou was conducive to the rapid aging of the tobacco strips, and the sealed deoxidization treatment improved the quality of the tobacco strips to a certain extent. The warehouses in Kunming were more suitable for the slow aging of tobacco strips, and the variations in the chemical components of tobacco strips during aging were significantly smaller than those in Guangzhou. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The K27+100~K30+100 section of the Ciyao-Dongdu Railway (referred to as the "Cidong Line") has a long-term speed limit since the late 1980s due to coal mining along the line, and it severely restricts the local economic development. In order to improve the speed and ensure operation safety, InSAR technology was used for dynamic subsidence monitoring of the railway section on the surface, and various methods such as geological surveying and mapping and stability calculation were used for comprehensive analysis. Combined with geological data, coal seam mining data, and subsidence monitoring data over the years, safety assessment was conducted for the goaf of the line with suggestions proposed. The stability calculation results show that the maximum land subsidence caused by the mining is 1 771 mm, and the active period of subsidence in the underlying goaf has basically ended; The InSAR surface monitoring results indicate that the relatively large areas with total line deformation are located in the K27+320~K27+725 section, K28+290~K28+ 673 section, and K29 +137 bridge section, with a maximum subsidence of 41. 058mm, nearing the coal mining boundary. There are relatively large subsidence deformation for the K29 + 137 bridge and culvert section, K28+404, and K27+655 subgrade section. It is recommended to strengthen the treatment of these sections, and the speed of other line sections can be improved to 45 km/ h; Areas with the other relatively small deformation of the K27+100 ~ K30+100 section of the Cidong Line have stable subsidence without obvious deformation of the track, and the speed can be improved to 60 km/ h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To solve the problem of the short transmission distance of terahertz (THz) links, the performance of the recon-figurable intelligent surface (RlS)-assisted mixed dual-hop radio frequency (RF)/THz system was studied. An RIS was used to enhance signal strength, thereby improving the system performance. Using the fixed-gain amplify-and-forward protocol, the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio of the RF/THz link were derived. Capitalizing on the statistical characteristics, the analytical expressions of outage probability, average bit error rate, and average channel capacity of the mixed relaying system were further derived. In addition, the asymptotic analyses of the outage probability and the average bit error rate were carried out to obtain the diversity order of the mixed RF/THz system. Simulation results show that the RIS can effectively improve the performance of the mixed RF/THz system. Furthermore, the system performance is related to the channel fading, pointing errors, and propagation distance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the energy absorption and transformation characteristics of marble, the release of strain energy and dissipation mechanism during creep process, this paper tested the stress-strain relationship of marble under uniaxial cyclic loading and multi-level creep cyclic loading respectively, and calculated their elastic energy density curves.The power function is used to fit the relationship between elastic energy density and stress of marble.By comparing the test data of the two loading modes, the results showed that the elastic energy density curves of uniaxial cyclic loading and multi-level creep cyclic loading were basically coincident, and they have the same elastic energy density curves, which means neither the creep loading mode nor the uniaxial cyclic loading mode will affect the elastic energy density curve of the marble.Comparing the ratio of elastic energy to external power in two loading modes, the results showed that the marble materials all went through three stages: compaction, stabilization and deterioration.After creep cyclic loading, the elastic energy storage capacity of marble would decrease to 43 % of uniaxial cyclic loading.Correspondingly, its strength also decreased obviously, which was 62 % of uniaxial cyclic loading.If the long-term bearing issue of this kind of marble is taken into account, the maximum stress value should be controlled below the stress that corresponds to the end point of the compaction stage of material.

Objective To explore the attention level and influencing factors of elderly stroke patients. Methods From September 2019 to September 2020, 178 elderly stroke patients over 60 years old who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology of a grade A hospital in Tangshan City, Hebei Province were selected as the research objects. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and hospitals were used. Research tools such as the Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) were used for investigation and research. Use SPSS 25. 0 statistical software for statistical analysis. Results The results of the study showed that gender, drinking alcohol, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, stroke type and cognitive impairment were the main influencing factors for attention disorders in the elderly after stroke. Conclusion This study found that the research subjects had a higher incidence of attention disorders, and older stroke patients who were men, usually drinking alcohol, poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and ischemic stroke with cognitive impairment were more likely to have attention dysfunction. (目的 探讨老年脑卒中患者的注意力水平及影响因素。方法 选取2019年9月～2020年9月河北省唐山市某三甲医院神经外科、神经内科住院的178例60岁以上的老年脑卒中患者为研究对象, 应用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)、蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)等研究工具进行调查研究。使用SPSS 25. 0统计软件进行统计分析。结果 研究结果显示: 性别、是否饮酒、睡眠质量、有无焦虑、有无抑郁、卒中类型、是否有认知功能障碍是卒中后老年人注意力障碍的主要影响因素。结论 老年脑卒中患者注意力障碍发生率较高, 且男性、平常习惯饮酒、睡眠质量差、有焦虑、抑郁、及缺血性脑卒中并有认知功能障碍的老年脑卒中患者更易发生注意力障碍。)

The article focuses on a study which discusses the genetic and phylogenetic properties of Eurasian avian-like swine H1N1 and classical swine H1N1 influenza viruses in China.

The article reports on the study of enterovirus E from cattle with respiratory diseases in Jilin Province, China.

Objective To investigate the effects of berberine on the proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells and related mechanism. Methods MTT assay was used to evaluate the effects of berberine on cell viability. Propidium iodide staining was used to detect cell cycle progression. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining assay was used to measure cell apoptosis, and Western blot analysis was performed to determine the phosphorylation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) as well as the two major downstream signaling molecules AKT and p42/44MAPK(ERK). Results In vitro, berberine inhibited the proliferation of four esophageal cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the IC50 values of berberine against different esophageal cancer cells were negatively correlated with the expression level of IGF-1R. The distribution of KYSE450 cells cycle was arrested in G2/M phase. Berberine dose-dependently induced the cell apoptosis, and the apoptosis ratio of KYSE450 cells with high IGF-1R level was significantly higher than that of KYSE150 cells with low IGF-1R level after berberine treatment at the same concentration. Berberine dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of IGF-1R and blocked AKT and ERK activation. Conclusion Berberine could inhibit cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest and induce cell apoptosis of esophageal cancer via inactivation of IGF-1R as well as the downstream molecules AKT and ERK.

Objective: To investigate the perfection and improvement of the execution of integrative medicine therapy in severe tetanus therapy, to successfully control tetanus severe spasms, autonomic dysfunction and prevent lethal side-effect of prolong and high-dosage sedative-muscle-relaxant therapy, resulted in significant reduction of mortality of tetanus., Methods: Symptoms, treatments and outcome of tetanus patients admitted to Peking University Third Hospital from 1965 to 2020 were reviewed. Patients were classified with Ablett classification. The cases of Ablett grade III and IV were severe tetanus. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were treated together with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) simultaneously during the standard tetanus treatment; the patients in the TCM group were divided into the tetanus TCM medication group and the non tetanus TCM medication group according to the medicine provided whether was in accord with the conventional tetanus TCM prescriptions. The mortality of each group was calculated. In addition, one survived and one deceased case with severe convulsion, autonomic nerve dysfunction (Ablett grade IV) were selected, combined with the treatment methods and curative effects, the types, use methods and outcomes of Chinese and Western medicine were analyzed., Results: The 46 tetanus cases were treated with Western medicine. Twenty-two of them, TCM were applied. Fifteen of the 22 cases took the TCM prescription which was accord with the conventional tetanus prescription. The mortality of the 46 cases was 21.7% (10/46). The number of non-TCM group was 24 cases, with mortality of 20.8% (5/24); 1 case was Ablett II, 1 was Ablett III and 3 were Ablett IV. The number of the TCM group was 22 cases, with mortality of 22.7% (5/22), 2 cases were Ablett III, 3 were Ablett IV. The TCM prescription of these 5 deceased cases was not directed towards tetanus. The tetanus TCM medication group was 15 cases, with no mortality. Case analyses: case 1 was intubated because of severe spasms. Autonomic dysfunction occurred on the 8th day after admission. Esmolol with increasing the dosage of the sedatives and muscle relaxant, was not effective. Tetanus TCM was applied after 2 days of autonomic dysfunction happened. Autonomic dysfunction was then under controlled on the 2nd day post-TCM. She was recovery and discharged after 4 weeks. Case 2, also was intubated because of severe spasms. Autonomic dysfunction happened on the 3rd day after admission, and failed to be controlled by large-dose sedatives, muscle relaxant,and Esmolol. After 8 days of persistent autonomic dysfunction, tetanus TCM was applied and autonomic dysfunction was under controlled on the 2nd day post-TCM administration. Large dosage of muscle-relaxant was applied continuously. After 5 days' administration of TCM, the TCM was withdrew. One day after the withdrawal of TCM, respiratory and cardiac arrest happened because of the diffused bronchiole obstruction with pulmonary secretions loading., Conclusions: Based on the precise and real-time diagnosis of the state of the disease, integrative medicine therapy with an overall analysis tetanus TCM prescription, is the key of declining tetanus mortality.

Objective: To analyze Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infection among the patients attending the clinic of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) in Nanjing., Methods: Urethral and cervical swabs were collected from 2 753 patients (2 161 males and 592 females) who first sought medical care at our STD Clinic from November 2015 to December 2017. The patients ranged in age from 18 to 67 years (［37.55 ± 10.37］ yr), divided into six age groups: ≤20, 21－30, 31－40, 41－50, 51－60, and >60 yr. The samples were examined for MG infection by simultaneous amplification and testing, Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) by quantitative real-time PCR, Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) and Mycoplasma hominis (MH) with the Thayer-Martin medium, and the count of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) by microscopy with Methylene blue stain., Results: Among the 2 753 samples, 219 (7.95%), including 176 males (8.14%) and 43 females (7.26%), were found positive for MG, with no statistically significant differences between the male and female groups (χ2 = 0.492, P = 0.483). The MG infection rates in the male and female groups were 6.67% vs 12.12% in the ≤20-year-olds, 8.44% vs 8.64% in the 21－30-year-olds, 7.63% vs 6.19% in the 31－40-year-olds, 10% vs 4.72% in the 41－50-year-olds, 5.64% vs 0 in the 51－60-year-olds, and 8.33% vs 0 in the >60-year-olds, with no statistically significant differences among the age groups (χ2 = 4.76, P = 0.446), or in the males (χ2 = 7.240, P = 0.200) or females (χ2 = 6.718, P = 0.076). The incidence rate of MG simple infection was markedly higher in the males than in the females (62.30% ［76/122］ vs 36.84% ［14/38］, χ2 = 7.041, P < 0.01). MG infection was found in combination with one or more pathogens like NG, CT, UU and MH, with MG+UU as the most common co-infection (21.31% ［26/122］ in males and 31.85% ［12/38］ in females). Of the 76 male patients with MG simple infection, 30 (39.47%) had ≥5 PMNLs per high-power field, and 66 (86.84%) showed symptoms of urethritis., Conclusions: MG infection was found in both the symptomatic and asymptomatic patients attending the STD clinic in Nanjing, with no significant difference in the incidence rate between males and females. A higher rate of MG simple infection was observed in the males than in the females, most of the male patients with symptoms of urethritis and urethral PMNLs.

Objective: To explore the effect of c-FLIP expression on drug resistance of Kasumi-1 leukemia cells and its mechanisms., Methods: Tet-on inducible system was used to construct the conditional expression vector of c-FLIP by cloning the c-FLIP gene into lentivirus vector pLVX-Tight-Puro, then the Kasumi-1 cells were transfected with lentivirus pLVX-Tight-Puro-c-FLIP. The expression of c-FLIP was induced by doxycycline(Dox) for different time and doses, and verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot. On the basis of the overexpression of c-FLIP, the Kasumi-1-c-FLIP cells were treated with CH11 and PB in order to induce apoptosis, and the Giemsa staining was used to show the apoptotic cell morphology., Results: qRT-PCR and Western blot showed the overexpression of c-FLIP, the CH11 and PB can induce Kasumi-1 cell apoptosis, while the c-FLIP overexpression weakened this effects. Western blot showed that the c-FLIP blocked the caspase-8 activation., Conclusion: The overexpression of c-FLIP inhibits the apoptosis caused by CH11 and PB, and leads to drug resistance in leukemia cells.

The secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Cerrena sp.A593 from Pogostemon cablin and their cytotoxic activities were investigated. Eight sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the fermentation broth of the strain A593 by silica gel, reverse phase silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, HPLC and so on. Their structures were identified as chloriolin B(1), chloriolin C(2), pleurocybellone A(3), dihydrohypnophilin(4), cucumin F(5), antrodin A(6), 10α-hydroxyamorphan-4-en-3-one(7), and connatusin A(8). Compounds 1- 8 were firstly found from the genus Cerrena. All isolated sesquiterpenoids were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activities against HepG-2, SF-268, MCF-7 and NCI-H460 tumor cell lines. Compounds 1-3 showed inhibitory activities against the four tumor cell lines with IC₅₀ values ranging from 20.33 to 63.13 μmol•L⁻¹., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Seventy-two strains of endophytic fungi were isolated from roots, stems and leaves of Pogostemon cablin and identified as 40 species of 25 genera based on ITS sequences analysis. Among them, Phomopsis, Colletotrichum and Fusarium were dominant genera. Distribution of endophytic fungi in P. cablin showed obvious tissue-specificity, and more strains were isolated from stems with an isolation rate of 78%. The bioassay results indicated that 34 strains of 15 genera displayed antimicrobial activities against at least one of test bacteria or plant pathogenic fungi. The results obtained in this study showed that endophytic fungi in P. cablin were rich in species diversity, and some strains exhibited strong antimicrobial activities, which deserve further research., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Objective: To analyze the gene expression profiling characteristics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with secondary syphilis, and gain an insight into the host molecular immune mechanisms involved in Treponema pallidum infection., Methods: Using genome-based high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology, we comprehensively determined the transcriptional difference in PBMCs from 4 secondary syphilis patients and 4 healthy controls, followed by real time PCR to validate the results of Illumina sequencing., Results: Totally, 78 differentially expressed genes were found in the PBMCs of the secondary syphilis patients, among which 16 were associated with the immune system. Significant upregulation was observed in the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines and related receptors, such as TNF receptor super-family member 17 (TNFRSF17), IL-17C, IL-21, IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA), chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 10 (CXCL10), and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 (CCL1), as well as the transcripts for the CD4+ T lymphocytes activation markers CD38, Fc-mediated phagocytosis receptors (FcγR1A, FcγR3B), and complement (C2, SERPING1)., Conclusions: Systemic innate and adaptive immune effecter molecules are involved in the host clearance mechanism of secondary syphilis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on contraction capacity of diaphragm in type 1 diabetic rats.
, Methods: Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group (NC), a diabetic group (DM), a NaHS treatment group (DM+NaHS) and a NaHS group (NaHS) (n=8). Intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin was utilized to establish diabetic rat model. After the modeling, the rats in the DM+NaHS and the NaHS groups were intraperitoneally injected with 28 μmol/kg NaHS solution. 8 weeks later, the diaphragm contractility was assessed by isolated draphragm strips perfusion. The peak twitch tension (Pt), maximum tetanic tension (Po) and maximal rates of contraction/relaxation (±dT/dtmax) were determined. The alterations in diaphragm ultrastructure were observed under electron microscopy. The diaphragm weight/body weight (DW/BW) was measured. The activities of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) were analyzed by spectrophotometric method. The mRNA levels of SERCA and prospholamban (PLB) in diaphragm were detected by RT-PCR.
, Results: Compared with the NC group, there was no significant change in all measured index in the NaHS group (P>0.05), while Pt, Po and ±dT/dtmax were significantly decreased in the DM group (P<0.05). Transmission electron microscopy revealed obvious ultrastructural changes in the diaphragm. The DW/BW ratio and the activities of SDH, LDH and SERCA were decreased. The SERCA mRNA was decreased, while PLB mRNA was increased. Compared with the DM group, the diaphragm contractility and ultrastructure damage were improved in the DM+NaHS group. The DW/BW ratio and the activities of SDH, LDH and SERCA were increased. The SERCA mRNA was increased, while PLB mRNA was decreased (all P<0.05).
, Conclusion: H(2)S can enhance the contraction capacity of diaphragm in type 1 diabetic rats, which is involved in regulating the activities of biological enzymes and the gene expressions of calcium regulatory proteins.

Using bioactive compounds 7-hydroxy flavone, salicylaldehyde, cinnamic acid and 4-amino-5- mercapto-1,2,4-triazoles as starting materials, three new types of flavone derivatives containing 1,2,4-triazole structure were synthesized via different step reactions. These new compounds were characterized by 1IHNMR, ESI-MS, IR and elemental analysis. Their scavenging effects on the superoxide radical (O2·-), hydroxyl radical (·OH), DPPH · radical and their total reduction activities were tested. The results showed that all of the compounds possessed some antioxidative activity at the concentration of 0.5 mg · mL(-1), but the scavenging ability of the target compounds was lower than that of the standard compound Vc.

Objective: To investigate design methods of dual insertion paths and observe a short-term clinic overview of rotational path removable partial dentures (RPDs)., Methods: In the study, 40 patients with partial edentulous arches were included and divided into two groups. The patients in group one were restored with rotational path RPDs (10 Kennedy class III and 10 Kennedy class IV respectively). The patients in group two (20 patients), whose edentulous area was matched with the patients' in group one, were restored with the linear path RPDs. After surveying and simulative preparation on diagnostic casts, the basic laws of designing rotational path RPDs were summarized. The oral preparation was accurately performed under the guidance of indices made on diagnostic casts after simulative preparation. The 40 dentures were recalled two weeks and one year after the insertion. The evaluations of the clinic outcome, including retention, stability, mastication function, esthetics and wearing convenience, were marked out as good, acceptable, and poor. The comparison of the evaluation results was performed between the two groups., Results: In the rotational path design for Kennedy class III or IV RPDs, the angles (α) of dual insertion paths should be designed within a scope, approximate 10°-15°.When the angle (α) became larger, the denture retention turned to be better, but accordingly the posterior abutments needed more preparation. In the clinical application, the first insertions of the 40 dentures were all favorably accomplished. When the rotational path RPDs were compared to linear path RPDs, the time consuming on first insertion had no statistical difference[(32±8) min and (33±8) min respectively, P>0.05]. Recalled two weeks and one year after the insertion, in the esthetics evaluation, 20 rotational path RPDs were all evaluated as "A", but only 7(two weeks after) and 6 (one year after) linear path RPDs were evaluated as "A"(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in other evaluation results., Conclusion: Rotational path incorporated an initial straight path of placement, which gained access to undercut areas by rigid guide plate, followed by a final curved path of placement. Without showing clasps in the anterior part of the mouth, esthetics could be improved remarkably. The results of this preliminary study suggest that rotational path RPDs can get the similar retention, stability and mastication function as linear path RPDs. Meanwhile, simulative preparation on diagnostic casts, oral preparation under the guidance of indices and precise fabrication of framework are indispensable procedures.

Objective: To study the role of procalcitonin (PCT) in the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis (APN) in children., Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical records of children aged under 3 years who were diagnosed with primary urinary tract infection (UTI) from September 2011 to February 2012. These children were divided into those with upper UTI (UUTI) (APN) and those with lower UTI (LUTI) (non-APN) based on 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) renal scan results as a gold standard. The UUTI and LUTI groups were compared in terms of serum levels of PCT and C-reactive protein (CRP). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the diagnostic values of serum PCT and CRP., Results: Sixty-five children with UTI, including 39 cases of APN and 26 cases of LUTI, were included in this study. The APN cases had significantly higher serum levels of PCT (3.08 ng/mL vs 0.37 ng/Ml; P<0.01) and CRP (6.25 mg/L vs 3.01 mg/L; P<0.01) than the LUTI cases. The sensitivity and specificity of serum PCT level for APN were 84.6% and 88.5%, respectively, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.873 (95%CI=0.781-0.965) and an optimal threshold point of 1.03 ng/mL. The sensitivity and specificity of serum CRP level for APN were 71.8% and 69.2%, respectively, with an AUC of 0.735 (95%CI=0.612-0.858) and an optimal threshold point of 3.91 mg/L., Conclusions: As a result of its high sensitivity and specificity for the disease, serum PCT can be used as a marker in the early diagnosis of APN in children.

With the emergence of avian flu, influence A virus and other diseases, the development of rapid, real-time, label-free biological sensors has become increasingly significant at the early detection and clinical diagnoses of various diseases. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have unique one-dimensional structure, special electrical properties, good biocompatibility and size compatibility, so that the SWNTs have great potential uses in the biosensor fields due to these advantages. This article reviews recent examples of carbon nanotubes field-effect transistor (CNTFET) as a label-free biosensors for detecting a variety of biological macromolecules, such as protein, enzyme, DNA, cancer, virus, carbohydrate and so on.

Objective: To study clinical efficacy on cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) treated by transvaginal surgery., Methods: From Jan. 2008 to Mar. 2011, 31 cases with CSP were managed by transvaginal surgery in Anshan Women and Children Hospital. Based on ultrasonograpy examination and intraoperative exposure of lesion, variable surgical options were executed. Fifteen cases in group A were treated by debridement resection and vaginal repair of uterine wall, 7 cases in group B were treated by transvaginal uterine artery ligation and curettage, 9 cases were treated by cutting the anterior wall in the lower uterine segment and repairing uterine. The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, hospital stay, hCG fluctuation at postoperative period and complications were analyzed among those groups., Results: All cases in 3 groups were cured well in one time. (1) The intraoperative blood loss were (41 ± 21) ml in group A, (27 ± 7) ml in group B and (148 ± 132) ml in group C. There was no statistically different blood loss between group A and group B (P > 0.05), however, the amount blood loss in group C was significantly more than those in group A and group B (P < 0.05). (2) The average surgical time, the mean hospital stay, postoperative recovery time of blood hCG were (40 ± 11) minutes, (4.7 ± 0.8) days and (2.7 ± 1.0) weeks in group A, (44 ± 5) minutes, (4.0 ± 0.8) days and (2.9 ± 1.0) weeks in group B, (40 ± 12) minutes, (4.9 ± 1.0) days and (2.8 ± 0.9) weeks in group C. Those clinical index were no statistically different among those 3 groups (P > 0.05). (3) No bladder injury and other complications were observed in those groups., Conclusions: Transvaginal surgery is efficacy, easy to operate, to keep the uterus, safe and economy in treatment of CSP. Surgery in group A is suitable to treat early and exogenous lesions; surgery in group B is suitable to treat endogenous lesions; surgery in group C is suitable to treat failure cases in group A and B, however, the injury is greater than those in group A and B.

Objective: To explore the pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis induced by SiO2 in rats and pigs., Methods: The silicosis models in rats and pigs were established by non-exposure method. The pathologic changes in lung tissues of rats and pigs were observed with HE staining under a light microscopy and under a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the expression of cytokines was detected by immunohistochemistry., Results: (1) The main pathologic changes of silicosis models in rats and pigs included: in 7 ∼ 15 days after treatment, silica dusts, dust cells, a lot of macrophages, lung epithelial cells, a few neutrophils, macrophage alveolar inflammation and nodules of stage I were found in alveolar space; in 30 ∼ 90 days after treatment, many nodules of stage I-III or IV with lymphocytes infiltration were observed in respiratory bronchioles, alveoli, interlobular septa, the subpleural and around blood vessels and bronchi. (2) The expression levels of CK protein, SP-A protein, CD68, b-FGF, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β1, NFKappa/P50, Kappa/P65 and VEGF reduced with exposure time, but still were higher than those of the control. (3) The shed alveolar type I cells, proliferation of alveolar type II cells or macrophages and activated cellular function induced by silica were observed under TEM., Conclusion: The development of pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis models corresponded with the process from macrophages alveolar inflammation to pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective: To study the pathologic changes of the palatopharyngeal muscles with transmission electronmicroscopy (TEM) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), the role of the above muscle in OSAHS pathogenesis was discussed., Methods: Thirty-eight palatopharyngeal muscle from OSAHS patients receiving uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) were collected in in-patient department of Chinese Medical University and five palatal tumor patients receiving resection without snoring were chosen as the control. The palatopharyngeal muscle fiber and the feature of changes in mitochondrial morphology were observed by TEM., Results: The pathological changes were not observed in the normal control group. The muscle fibers were regularly arranged, and the mitochondrial between muscles were normal. The palatopharyngeal myofibrillar in mild OSAHS group was regularly arranged. The Z lines were straight, and most mitochondria structure were normal. In the moderate group, the myofibrillar was disorganized, and the Z lines were shortened or distorted. The myofibrillar in severe group was disorganized, similar to point-like or flake, and the Z lines and the structures of sarcomeres were disappeared. And organelle were disintegrated and mitochondria were disappeared similar to flocculent. There existed obvious fatty infiltration in the palatopharyngeal muscle. In the control, mild, moderate and severe group, pharyngeal muscle fiber disarrangement of the occurrence rate was 0, 2/10, 8/13, 14/15, the occurrence rate of mitochondrial degeneration was 0, 2/10, 8/13, 14/15, increased with the severity of the ultrastructural changes in the trend of increasing incidence., Conclusions: The degree of OSAHS is correlated with the pathological changes of palatopharyngeal muscles. Incidence of myopathy is an important part of OSAHS secondary to chronic intermittent hypoxia in OSAHS and other pathological lesions, but also an important reason for increasing pharyngeal collapse.

This study is to investigate the effects of fluvastatin on the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB1) in glomerular mesangial cells under high concentration of glucose. High concentration glucose and fluvastatin were used to stimulate the cultured rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) in vitro. The protein expressions of p38 MAPK, CREB1, p-p38 MAPK and p-CREB1 were observed with Western blotting. TGF-beta1 and fibronectin (FN) mRNA were measured with reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein synthesis of laminine (LN) and type IV collagen in the supernatants of the GMCs were detected with radioimmunoassay. Compared with low glucose control group, the expressions of p-p38 MAPK, p-CREB1 were increased obviously in high glucose group, TGF-beta1 mRNA and FN mRNA, LN and type IV collagen in the supernatants were increased significantly in GMCs under high concentration glucose medium. The expression levels of p-p38 MAPK, p-CREB1, TGF-beta1 mRNA, and FN mRNA, LN and type IV collagen in the supernatants were significantly lower in the fluvastatin group than those in the high concentration glucose group. It is concluded that fluvastatin can inhibit over production of TGF-beta1 and ECM proteins in GMCs under high concentration of glucose, partly by regulating the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and CREB1.

Ancient prescription rhiaoma coptidis powder is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine compounds (TCMC) which is composed of rhizoma coptidis (RC) and radix glycyrrhiza (RG). In the present investigation, the compositions in solutions and precipitates of single decocted RC and RG, and decocted RC-RG mixture were studied by FTIR spectroscopy, HPLC technique and TOF-MS method. The components of decocted RC-RG mixture are different from those of the addition of RC and RG, suggesting that the interactions between RC and RG occurred. The results of FTIR spectroscopic characterization, and HPLC and TOF-MS measurements demonstrated that in both solutions and precipitates some new chemical compounds formed, while some components in the original single decocted RC and RG were restrained in the mixed system, indicating that RG plays an important role in this TCMC-rhizoma coptidis powder.

Notoginseng (Sanqi) is one of the most important components of famous Chinese recipe (Yunan Baiyao) and possesses a wide variety of applications in clinical practice. It has been found that Sanqi of different size exhibits different curative effects. Such a phenomenon may be attributed to that the chemical constituent from shell region is different from that of core region. To prove the above-mentioned hypothesis, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis), FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy, together with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS) were utilized to study the variation of chemical compositions from shell and core regions of Sanqi. The results demonstrate that the chemical compositions of Sanqi from shell and core regions are different. In summary, differences in chemical composition between Sanqi shell and core were manifested from versatile aspects. Such differences shed a light on the different curative effects of Sanqi.

This review presents the most outstanding contribution in the field of polymeric nanoparticles used as targeting drugs delivery systems. Nanoparticles barrier is a novel kind of controlled release system for drugs which can effectively deliver the drug to a target site and increase the bioavailability and therapeutic benefit, while minizing the side effects. In this paper the applications of nanoparticles in the active, passive and physical targeting drugs carriers are reviewed.

The use of biodegradable polyurethane as medical appliance has rapidly become a fascinating new field of research in biomedical science. Tremendous progress has been made in this area during the last years. Applications of these materials in the field of organic repairing, tissue engineering and drug-controlled delivery system were reviewed. These new type materials possess excellent properties, such as good biocompatibility and mechanical strength, facile formation and inexpensive, so it can be expected to find wide application in the medical treatment in future.

The centrosomal protein, Cenexin, is a molecular marker of mature centriole. To elucidate the variability and function of mature centriole in spermatogenesis, the high titer polyclonal antibody against rat cenexin was obtained by immunizing mice with recombinant cenexin which was made up in this study. The expression of cenexin in rat spermatogenesis was carried out by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and Western Blot. The results demonstrated that the level of Cenexin mRNA was higher in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, then decreased in following stages, while Cenexin protein was located on one centriole from spermatogonia to spermatids, showing mature centriole existed in these stages. Cenexin protein was localized to the basal body of the flagellum in elongated spermatids and the stained signal disappeared in the most of epidydimal sperms. These results suggested that the expression pattern of cenexin in rat spermatogenesis might be related to the initiation of the flagella formation.

A new method of using photoactivable ester with azido group was described to immobilize urease on polyether sulfone(PES) film surface. The effects of photoactive enzyme concentration, temperature, pH, irradiation time on the activity of immobilized urease were investigated. Reused times and storage stability were also studied. The results showed that the surface concentration of urease immobilized on PES surface was about 0.33 mg/cm2. When the irradiation time was 5 minutes, the relative activity of immobilized urease was the highest and the activity increased with the increase of the concentration of photoactive urease solution. The optimum pH and temperature of immobilized urease were 7 and 50 degrees C respectively. The relative activity of immobilized urease was stable (50%) after 12 times reused at 50 degrees C.