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To explore the photosynthetic system adaptation mechanism of two dominant ephemeral plants, including Malcolmia scorpioides and Arnebia decumbens, to light and temperature, this study measured the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and discussed their light damage and the change of photosynthetic activities under different temperatures (25-60℃) and constant room temperature (25℃) and high temperature and different illumination (80-400 μmol·m-2·s-1). The results were as follows: (1) The photosynthetic efficiency and electron transport rate increased first and then decreased with the increase of temperature, reached the highest value at 40℃ and then rapidly decreased, the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation in PS Ⅱ［Y(NO)］and PS I receptor side heat dissipation efficiency［Y(NA)］increased, and the photosynthetic system was damaged due to the accumulation of excitation pressure at the receptor terminal. (2) Under the light range of 80-400 μmol·m-2·s-1 and room temperature, the photosynthetic efficiency increased with the enhancement of light intensity; under high temperature, the combined stress of light and high temperature on plants descended the photosynthetic activities of plants and the quantum yield of regulatory energy dissipation in PS Ⅱ［Y(NPQ)］, and when the light intensity reached 320 μmol·m-2·s-1, the ring electron transport flow disappeared. In conclusion, light and temperature within a certain range can improve the photosynthetic activity, activate heat dissipation and ring electron transport flow and reduced photoinhibition. However, with the increase of temperature and light intensity at high temperature, the adaptation ability of the two ephemeral plants decrease and the photoprotective mechanism disappeared. The main reason is the accumulation of PS I receptor side excitation pressure and the failure of regulatory heat dissipation.

Engine vibration and noise are one of the important factors that affect the comfort of drivers and passengers during driving, and active control technology of engine mounts can effectively realize dynamic adjustment of stiffness during low-frequency vibration and high-frequency vibration, reduce the vibration and noise generated by the engine under different working conditions and significantly enhance driving comfort. This paper uses control theories such as feedforward control and feedback control to design a fusion control strategy, and combines the suspension control model to form a suspension active control scheme. The control scheme is verified and optimized in laboratory and in actual vehicle. Test results show that the active control technology of engine mount has a significant control effect on engine vibration in various frequency bands, and the vibration amplitude of engine in a specific frequency band is reduced by more than 80%, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.

In order to better characterize the strength characteristics of coal, according to P. R. Rittinger’s new surface theory, a determination method of specific energy of crushing based on particle compression experiment is proposed. Based on this method, the specific energy of crushing of primary coal and different types of tectonic coal in Yangquan Mining Area is systematically measured. The results show that the specific energy of crushing of tectonic coal in Yangquan Mining Area is 18.14-87.39 J/m2, which is 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than that of primary coal(about 1 098.46 J/m2); at the same time, the specific energy of crushing of broken coal (64.26-87.39 J/m2) is significantly greater than that of mylonitic coal(about 18.14 J/m2), which is 3.54-4.82 times that of mylonitic coal.

Objective To investigate the effects of high expression of high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) on the invasion ability of glioblastoma (GBM) and the efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ) therapy. Methods The HMGB1 sequencing data of 319 GBM samples from TCGA database were gained for differential expression and survival analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was adopted to assess the expression of HMGB1 in 4 samples (3 glioma samples, with WHO grade Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively, and 1 para-tumoral brain tissue as control) which were collected from our hospital's biobank (inpatients from May to October 2019, male, aged 40~88 years, median 58.5 years, being confirmed as glioma by histopathological examination after tissue resection, without radiotherapy or chemotherapy prior to surgery). Moreover, lentiviral vector was transfected to construct HMGB1 silenced GBM cell lines (U251 and LN229). Western blotting was performed to detect HMGB1 expression; CCK-8 and transwell assays were adopted to analyze the effect of HMGB1 on cell proliferation and invasion ability. Finally, the role of HMGB1 in TMZ therapy was evaluated by CCK-8 assay (TMZ powder was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare 100 mmol/L storage solution, and the final concentration used was 250, 500, 1 000 and 1 500 μmol/L, respectively). Results TCGA database showed that HMGB1 mRNA level was significantly upregulated in glioma tissue (P < 0.01), increasing with WHO grade, and was negatively correlated with the prognosis of patients (P < 0.01). HMGB1 silenced GBM cells had decreased proliferation (P < 0.05) and inhibited invasion ability (P < 0.01), and were more sensitive to TMZ therapy. Conclusion HMGB1 is remarkably up-regulated in GBM cells, and its high expression contributes to the enhanced invasion ability and temozolomide resistance of GBM cells.

Under the background of low oil price, the effective upgrading and utilization of the inferred initially in-place petroleum reserves are essential. At present, there is a large quantity of existing inferred initially in-place petroleum, but there is no systematic study on the evaluation of the upgrading potential. In this paper, a funnel screening method is used to establish a clear and effective evaluation procedure and to focus on the evaluation and control of risks in each stage of the process. In order to minimize the influence of human factors in geological risk assessment, the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) is used to evaluate the geological factors that affect the reserves upgrading for the first time. Eleven potential upgrading blocks have been selected and achieved good results in clastic rock reservoirs in the Bohai Bay Basin. The research results show that the uncertainty of the predicted reserves is large. In the upgrading process, the risks and difficulties should be identified in time. The corresponding technical measures are taken and the strategy are proposed, which provides guarantee for the further efficient and economic upgrading of reserves.

Abstract: As the ultra-heavy oil reservoirs developed by steam assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) in the Fengcheng oilfield, Xinjiang have problems such as huge steam usage, long preheating period, low production, and inaccessible reserve in local parts. Based on the rock mechanics and porosity/permeability characteristics of heavy oil reservoir and interlayer, a series of true triaxial experiments and CT tests considering the fracturing fluid injection rate, viscosity, perforation density and location of fracture initiation were conducted to disclose the propagation behavior of micro- and macro-fractures in the reservoirs and mudstone interlayers. These experiments show that fracturing in the heavy oil reservoirs only generates microfractures that cannot break the interlayer. In contrast, when fracturing in the interlayer, the higher the injection rate (greater than 0.6 m3/min), the lower the viscosity, the easier it is to form macro-fractures in the interlayers, and the further the fractures will propagate into the reservoirs. Also, increasing perforation density tends to create complex macro-fracture network in the interbedded reservoirs and mudstone interlayers. The findings of this study can provide scientific guidance for the selection of fracturing layer and the optimization of parameters in the interlayer fracturing of heavy oil reservoirs.

The experiment was to screen suitable Avena sativa varieties for cultivation in the agricultural pastoral ecotone of the Qinghai Plateau. Field observations were conducted in Riyue Township, Huangyuan County, a typical agricultural pastoral ecotone of the Qinghai Plateau. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted on seven Avena sativa materials considering aspects such as production performance, nutrient composition and effective nutrient output. The results showed that Avena sativa varieties with different milk ripening stages had significant differences in the same ecological environment. The hay yield of Qingyin No.1 and Qingtian No.1 significantly higher than that of other varieties (P<0.05). The crude protein (CP) content of Mengsiyan No.1 reached up to 10.01%. The net protein utilization rate of Qingyin No.3 was the highest, reaching 58.55%, followed by Qingtian No. 1 and Qingyin No. 1. The metabolic energy and metabolic energy output of Qingyin No. 1 were the highest, reaching 10.21 MJ/kg and 10 429.35 kg/hm², respectively, with significant differences compared to other varieties (P<0.05). The CP output per unit area and net protein output of Qingtian No.1 were the highest, reaching 1 468.98 and 774.89 kg/hm², respectively, with significant differences compared to other varieties (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that based on a comprehensive evaluation of dry matter output, net protein output, and metabolic energy output, it is recommended to plant varieties Qingtian No.1 and Qingyin No.1 in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to systematically evaluate the nutritional value of annual grasses in the alpine region. Four common species of oat grass (white oat, green oat, Connor oat and Rinna oat) in the plateau region were studied, the general nutrient analysis, gas production in vitro and yield per unit area in different periods were adopted. The results showed that the fresh grass yield of the four species of oat grass reached the peak at the milk stage, and the hay yield reached its peak at the mature stage. The fresh to dry ratio, CP content and EE content of the four oat grass decreased, while the content of ADF and NDF increased with little change in energy. The content of TVFA in the 72 h fermentation broth of four oat grasses decreased with the increase of harvest time, and the content of acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid and butyric acid was the highest at heading time. The study indicates that oat grass has the highest hay yield at maturity, the highest hay quality at heading, and the highest nutrient output, digestible dry matter and organic matter yield per unit area cut at milk maturity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xingcheng City, in Liaoning Province, is one of the advantageous apple production regions in the Bohai Bay area, where apple industry has greatly promoted rural revitalization. Studying the spatial distribution characteristics of soil fertility plays the basis role for realizing scientific fertilization in orchards and promoting high-quality development. Through the research on the spatial distribution and profile distribution of soil nutrients in apple orchards in Xingcheng, the data set of soil nutrient in 2019 was obtained, including soil pH, EC, SOM, TSN, AHN, AP, AK, ACa, AMg in soil layers 0-30 cm. Users can obtain the database by phone or email, or contact the Research Institute of Pomology, CAAS. The establishment and sharing of the dataset of soil nutrient characteristics of apple orchard in 2019 in Xingcheng can support the research for the distribution of soil nutrient, providing the theoretical basis for scientific fertilization, orchard soil fertility and fruit quality improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strain of microorganism that demonstrated efficient nitrogen removal potential under low C/N conditions was screened from landfill leachate. The strain was identified as Galactomyces candidum by ITS sequencing, and growth density and removal of ammonia nitrogen were assessed after 24 h of incubation. The results showed that the optimum ammonia nitrogen reduction conditions for G. candidum was at pH 8.0 and 30 t, with a C/N ratio of 1.5; the highest rate of ammonia nitrogen removal was 93.1%. This novel function of G. candidum offers great potential in the removal of ammonia nitrogen from sewage, especially in low C/N wastewater. Our study provides a new theoretical basis for the industrial application of microorganism in the biochemical treatment of wastewater and reduces environmental pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was to provide reference for the rational utilization of straw resources in Qinghai Province, and systematically analyzed the feed utilization potential of local main crop straw resources. The results showed that from 2015 to 2021, the main crops in Qinghai Province could collect 1 660 800~1 723 000 t of straw, produced 61 500~68 300 t of crude protein (CP) and 948.73~984.16 GJ of metabolic energy (ME). The livestock carrying capacity of available straw was 3 421 200~3 049 300 sheep units, the livestock carrying capacity of digestible crude protein (DCP) was 989 800~ 1 098 700 sheep units, the livestock carrying capacity of ME was 3 101 800~3 217 600 sheep units, the indirect food saving was 1 728 200~1 793 200 t, and the potential of straw meat production was 87 300~90 600 t. In 2020, the amount of grain saved by straw in Qinghai Province was equivalent to 435 500 hm² of wheat planting area increased that year, the meat output of livestock raised with straw accounted for 26.79% of total output of beef and mutton in that year. The study indicates that the straw resources in Qinghai Province have the potential of feed utilization, which can provide material resource for the construction of Qinghai green organic agricultural and livestock products export place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xiwan lead-zinc deposit is located in the northeaster margin of Luzong Basin, the Middle- Lower Yangtze metallogenic belt. It is difficult to identify the occurrence of strata and orebodies because of the heavy destroyed and corroded ore-bearing rocks. Therefore, in order to accurately delineate the orebodies, the primary halo geochemical characteristics are studied following the primary halo prospecting theory of hydrothermal deposits. Samples are collected from the boreholes of the No. 16 exploration line in Xiwan mining area, the contour map of the primary halo profile is drawn according to the spectral test results, the concentration zoning and axial zoning characteristics of the primary halo are distinguished and their indicative significance to delineating and connecting the orebodies are also discussed. Cluster analysis and factor analysis based on those different characteristics suggest that As, Sb, Pb, Zn, Ag and Mo are closely related to lead-zinc mineralization. Research on concentration zoning of primary halo in Xiwan lead-zinc deposit reveals that the front halo is indicated by As and Sb, the near-ore halo is indicated by Pb, Zn and Ag, and the tail halo is indicated by Mo. The axial zoning characteristics of primary halo reflect that the No. - ore bodies which shows features of "reverse zoning". The change of the axial zoning and indicator elements indicate that the mineralization of Xiwan Pb-Zn deposit is complex, which is speculated to be multistage mineralization or orebody extendalong the trend. Furthermore, zoning characteristics of concentrations of As, Sb, Pb, Zn, Ag and Mo have objective and intuitive significance for the delineation and connection of the orebodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzed the meaning of the method to combine computer science and linguistics on the research of network text from the point of academic and application value. It further specified network text' related work by describing such as the analysis of the characteristics of network text, the evolution rules of network vocabulary and the development platform and relevant support tools to construct the knowledge base for network text. These works aimed to find a way to process semantic information for Chinese network text, which would provide the foundation for the further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Papermaking is one of the four great inventions in ancient China; the most influential genre of Chinese literature is poetry; and paper and poetry are therefore both our "national quintessence" of which the Chinese people are proud. The period people use the tablets of bamboo or pieces of silk had lasted several thousand years before paper was created, when the instantaneous exchange of emotion had to be oral, and that is why the way of verbal expression used to be oral songs, but not textual poetry; meanwhile, owing to the heaviness and inconvenience of the media, the written texts were only used for conveying the diachronic tradition, not suitable for special circulation. The invention of paper and its wide usage made the Chinese culture step into the Middle Ancient Time and hence led to the boom of textual literature in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Thereafter, poetry changed its form from oral to written texts, which in turn led to the changes in the importance of the literary nature and the poetic ambience of poetry. The revolution of poetry relevant to the aesthetic nature and the formal rhyme was hence the result by using the material media of paper, demonstrating the influence of the material upon the spirit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gene resources and development prospects of plants in Paris were evaluated. Applied researches in genetic diversity of plant in Paris were carried out based on SCOT markers. Genomic DNA polymorphic analysis in total forty individuls of nine species in Paris were performed by the approach of start codon targeted polymorphism(SCOT). The genetic diversity of the nine species in Paris was high in Sichuan Province. Clustering analysis could be used to study the classification of Paris,which indicated that forty individuls were clustered 4 classes. P. polyphylla var. stenophylla was clustered alonely. P. fargesii,P. delavayi var. petiolata,P. delavayi var. delavayi,P. polyphylla var. yunnaensis were clustered. P. thibetica and P. polyphylla var. chinesis were clustered. P. axiparis var. axialis and P. mairei were clustered. In conclusion,plant in Paris was identified accuracily in molecular by SCOT markers and molecular evidences were provided on the taxonomic status of species and interspecific. It is helpful to further study on gene mapping of P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bamboo shoots are widely used in food processing. Many ageing bamboo shoots, which are rich in dietary fiber and protein, contain crude fiber and are of bad taste. In recent years, the micronization technology has been applied in food industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of micronization on the physicochemical properties of dried bamboo shoots. In this study, the coarse powder was processed by vibrational micronization (with cooling system) after coarse grinding. The new technology, which is more efficient than ball grinding, was applied to obtain micronized power. By strong- and high- frequency vibration from an eccentric motor, the samples in the grinding chamber were fluidized under the combined effects of high intensity hit, cut and grind from grinder's rod and wall. Huge mechanical force was produced between grinding media and materials, while the cooling system controlled the grinding temperature. The micronized powders were obtained, their particle sizes, powder flowability, water holding capacity, and swelling were studied. The results indicated that the particle sizes of coarse powders become 18.67 μm and 10.35 μm after micronizing for 30 min and 60 min, respectively. The lightness index (L*) changed from 79 to 90, the yellow depth index (b*) was reduced from 23 to 11, and the red depth index (a*) reduced from 4 to 1. Thereby the colour of the micronized powder looked more uniform and brighter, which improves the appearance quality of bamboo shoots powder. The angles of repose of two kinds of ultrafine powders increased from 36.3° to 49.8° and 51.2°, respectively. The sliding angle increased from 50.8° to more than 69.6°. Both were significantly higher than those of coarse powders (P<0.05). The bulk density reduced from 0.37 to 0.26 g/mL, but no significant change was found for the rap density. This made the compressibility nearly doubled, which changed from 22.8 to 46.9 and 48.5, It is showed that the flow properties of powders were poor after micronization. Compared to coarse powder, water holding capacity of micronized powders was reduced from 5.75 to 3.71 g/g after micronized for 30 min, it further decreased to 3.35 g/g after 60 min micronization. The effect of micronization on oil holding capacity was smaller than water holding capacity. The oil holding capacity reduced significantly (P<0.05) from 2.2 to 1.75 g/g only after 60 min micronization. Micronization decreased the final swelling degree from 8.65 to 6.57 and 7.20 mL/g, but the swelling speed was significantly improved. The micronized powder (particle size of 10.35 μm) can reach to 3.63 mL/g in 15 min, while the shoot's coarse powder (particle size of 298 μm) was only 0.97 mL/g. The above properties suggest that the vibrational micronization is an effective technology. The micronized powder with many characteristic changes can be applied usefully in food industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large hadron collider (LHC) plans a series of upgrades to enter a higher luminosity phase in which the particle experiments are going to be more efficient. However, higher luminosity will introduce a lot of out-of-interest interactions, regarded as pile-up interactions, which are going to be a great challenge to the event reconstruction. To meet the challenges of the pile-up, in toroidal LHC apparatus (ATLAS) and compact muon solenoid (CMS) of the LHC, a new particle detection technique was proposed, which combines high resolution time measurement with position information. This technique will enhance the capability in event discrimination for pile-up mitigation, to make the event reconstruction more accuracy. Under this background, a novel silicon-based semiconductor detector called low-gain avalanche detector (LGAD), was expected to satisfy the requirements on high time precision and spatial resolution of millimeter pitch size, which also has application potentials in other particle physics experiment complexities. Considering the spatial density of the LGAD channels, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) with high granularity, instead of discreet component electronics, is indispensable for the high time precision readout. The ASIC was expected to integrate amplification, discrimination and time-to-digital conversion (TDC), to conduct high precision time measurement with digitized output in the front-end close to the detectors. As one of the collaborators of the ATLAS, a research group in University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) has been working on the LGAD study and testing. Meanwhile, a prototype ASIC for the LGAD readout has been designed and tested in the fast electronics laboratory of USTC. The analog part (including amplifier and discriminator) and the TDC part of the ASIC were researched, designed and tested independently, which will be integrated in one ASIC later after the verification. To meet the requirement of the time precision, the TDC was expected to reach a minimum bin size smaller than 20 ps and an RMS resolution better than 10 ps. And considering the minimum interval between two hit events in one channel, the conversion time (defined as the digitizing time consumption after the arrival of stop signal) of TDC should be smaller than 20 ns. For these design indexes, a dual-ring vernier structure was proposed for coarse-fine time measurement with “locked delay difference” in the vernier line, so that the requirements of TDC bin size, measurement range and conversion time were reached. Additionally, the ring structure largely optimizes the circuit area. During the TDC design, the structure of the delay cell, phase detector (and also the TDC arbiter), DLL and its charge pump were studied and optimized for better performance. The test results indicate that the TDC successfully reaches a bin size around 15 ps and an RMS resolution better than 10 ps, which meets the design indexes well.

Objectives: To observe the effects of acupoint application with turmeric blistering moxibustion plaster on pain, shoulder range of motion (ROM) and upper limb motor function in the patients with post-stroke hemiplegic shoulder pain (PSHSP)., Methods: Eighty-two patients with PSHSP were randomly divided into an observation group (41 cases, 1 case was eliminated, 4 cases dropped out) and a control group (41 cases, 2 cases were eliminated and 2 cases dropped out). The routine treatment, nursing care and rehabilitation training were performed in the control group. On the basis of the intervention as the control group, in the observation group, the turmeric blistering moxibustion plaster was applied to bilateral ashi points, Jianyu (LI 15), Jianliao (TE 14), Binao (LI 14), Shousanli (LI 10) and Hegu (LI 4), once a day, remained for 6 hours each time. This moxibustion therapy was operated 5 times weekly, one course of treatment consisted of 2 weeks and 2 courses were required. Separately, before treatment and after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment, the score of visual analogue scale (VAS), shoulder ROM and the score of upper limbs in Fugl-Meyer assessment (U-FMA) were observed in the two groups., Results: VAS scores were lower ( P< 0.05), ROM in shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation and external rotation was larger ( P <0.05), and U-FMA scores were higher ( P< 0.05) after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment when compared with those before treatment in the two groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, VAS score decreased ( P< 0.05), and ROM in shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, external rotation and U-FMA score increased ( P <0.05) in comparison with those after 2 weeks of treatment in either group. In the observation group, VAS scores were dropped ( P <0.05) after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment respectively, and ROM of shoulder flexion and abduction enlarged after 2 weeks of treatment ( P< 0.05) when compared with those in the control group. After 4 weeks of treatment, ROM in shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation and external rotation in the observation group was larger ( P <0.05) and U-FMA score was higher ( P <0.05) than those in the control group., Conclusions: Acupoint application with turmeric blistering moxibustion plaster may effectively reduce the degree of shoulder pain and improve the shoulder range of motion and the upper limb motor function in the patients with post-stroke hemiplegic shoulder pain.

This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of CPD1, a novel phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, on renal interstitial fibrosis after unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (UIRI). Male BALB/c mice were subjected to UIRI, and treated with CPD1 once daily (i.g, 5 mg/kg). Contralateral nephrectomy was performed on day 10 after UIRI, and the UIRI kidneys were harvested on day 11. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson trichrome and Sirius Red staining methods were used to observe the renal tissue structural lesions and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were used to detect the expression of proteins related to fibrosis. HE, Sirius Red and Masson trichrome staining showed that CPD1-treated UIRI mice had lower extent of tubular epithelial cell injury and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in renal interstitium compared with those in the fibrotic mouse kidneys. The results from immunohistochemistry and Western blot assay indicated significantly decreased protein expressions of type I collagen, fibronectin, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) after CPD1 treatment. In addition, CPD1 dose-dependently inhibited the expression of ECM-related proteins induced by transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in normal rat kidney interstitial fibroblasts (NRK-49F) and human renal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2). In summary, the novel PDE inhibitor, CPD1, displays strong protective effects against UIRI and fibrosis by suppressing TGF-β signaling pathway and regulating the balance between ECM synthesis and degradation through PAI-1.

Capsaicin is a lipid-soluble vanillin alkaloid extracted from Capsicum plants in the Solanaceae family, which is the main active ingredient in capsicum, with multiple functions such as anti-inflammation, analgesia, cardiovascular expansion, and gastric mucosa protection. Recently, capsaicin has been confirmed as a potential antitumor compound. It can induce cell cycle arrest, inhibit cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and angiogenesis, and promote apoptosis or autophagy in malignancy cell models and animal models of lung cancer, breast cancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer. Meanwhile, capsaicin shows a synergistic antitumor effect when combined with other antitumor drugs such as sorafenib. Based on the recent literature on the antitumor effect of capsaicin, the present study analyzed the molecular mechanism of capsaicin in resisting tumors by inducing apoptosis and reviewed the effects of capsaicin in inducing tumor cell cycle arrest, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis, and combating tumors with other drugs, thereby providing a theoretical basis for further research of capsaicin and its rational development and utilization.

Exogenous calcium can enhance the resistance of certain plants to abiotic stress. Research have demonstrated that exogenous calcium could enhances the resistance of honeysuckle under salt stress by promoting the transmission of photosynthetic electrons.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous calcium on the contents of Na~+,K~+,Ca~(2+),Mg~(2+)and the expression of photosynthetic related genes Cab and rbc L. In this study,we used ICP-OES to analysis ion contents and used qRT-PCR to analysis the expression patterns of Cab and rbc L. The results showed that CaCl&#95;2 significantly enhanced the K~+-Na~+,Ca~(2+)-Na~+,Mg~(2+)-Na+ratio of honeysuckle treated with 50 and 100 mmol·L~(-1) NaCl. Meanwhile,Cab and rbc L were significantly up-regulated under short-term salt stress,and CaCl&#95;2 promoted this trend. From the two gene expression patterns,rbc L rapidly up-regulated on the first day of stress and then decreased,and was more sensitive to environmental changes. In summary,exogenous calcium could alleviate salt stress and increase plant development by increasing intracellular K~+-Na~+,Ca~(2+)-Na~+,Mg~(2+)-Na+ratio,and the transient overexpression of Cab and rbc L.

Objective: To study the clinical features of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) involving the oral and maxillofacial region in children., Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 12 children with LCH involving the oral and maxillofacial region who were hospitalized and treated from September 2012 to September 2017, including clinical manifestations, pathological features, treatment and prognosis., Results: Of the 12 children, 8 (67%) had multiple system involvement and 7 (58%) had the involvement of organs at risk. Bone was the most common affected site (11 children, 92%), among whom 7 children had the involvement of the mandible. Oral soft tissue involvement manifested as gingival ulcer or hyperplasia in 4 children, loose teeth in 5 children, oral mucosal lesions in 2 children, and nodular lesions in 1 child. Pathological examination showed positive CDla in 11 children and positive CD207, CD68, S-100, and LCA in 12 children. Surgery combined with chemotherapy was the major treatment method, and surgical resection alone was performed for focal lesions. After treatment, 11 children were cured or improved and 1 gave up treatment and was lost to follow-up. No recurrence was observed., Conclusions: LCH children with oral and maxillofacial involvement often have the involvement of multiple systems and organs at risk, with the mandible as the most common affected site. These children may also have the involvement of gingiva, oral mucosa and teeth. Surgery combined with chemotherapy is the major treatment method, and the patients generally have a good prognosis without recurrence.

Exogenous calcium can enhance the resistance of certain plants to abiotic stress. However,the role of calcium insaltstressed honeysuckle is unclear. The study is aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous calcium on the biomass,chlorophyll content,gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence of honeysuckle under salt stress. The results showed that the calcium-treated honeysuckle had better photochemical properties than the salt-stressed honeysuckle,such as PIABS,PItotal,which represents the overall activity of photosystemⅡ(PSⅡ),and related parameters for characterizing electron transport efficiency φP0,ψE0,φE0,σR,and φR are significantly improved. At the same time,the gas exchange parameters Gs,Ci,Trare also maintained at a high level. In summary,exogenous calcium protects the activity of PSⅡ,promotes the transmission of photosynthetic electrons,and maintains a high Ci,therefore enhances the resistance of honeysuckle under salt stress.

This study aimed to analyze the endogenous metabolite changes in the serum of mice infected with H1N1 virus after intervention by Mahuang-Xixin-Fuzi decoction (MXF) based on metabolomics method, investigate potential biomarkers and related metabolic pathways, and explore the therapeutic mechanism of MXF through metabolomics technology. Thirty-six Kunming (KM) mice were randomly divided into three groups: normal group, model group and MXF group. Influenza virus H1N1 was used by nasal drip to establish influenza mice model. The mice in MXF group were orally administrated with MXF for 6 consecutive days after inoculation, and the other two groups were given with equal volume of saline solution in the same way. Body weight, rectal temperature, morbidity and mortality were recorded daily. Serum samples were collected 24 hours after the last administration for HPLC-TOF-MS analysis. The results showed that as compared with the normal group, the body weight and rectal temperature were decreased in model group, and their lung index and mortality rate were significantly increased (P<0.05); MXF had good therapeutic effects on the abnormity of body weight, rectal temperature, lung index and high mortality rate of mice infected with H1N1 virus. The original data collected from the serum samples were analyzed with R language, MPP, SIMCA-P and other software, and significant changes were found in 14 kinds of endogenous substances from mice serum (P<0.05). As compared with model group, the potential metabolic markers in MXF group recovered to normal levels to a certain degree after being intervened by MXF. Further analysis with MetPA data platform showed that, the pathways involved in 14 metabolites included glucose metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids metabolism etc. The metabolomics study and pharmacological experiment showed that MXF might play a role of efficacy by improving glucose metabolism, regulating arachidonic acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid metabolic pathways., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.)

Objective: To investigate the effects of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene expression up-regulating on cisplatin resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines., Methods: The cDNA length of DHFR gene was amplified by PCR and was connected to lentiviral vector pWPI, the recombinant retroviral vector DHFR-pWPI was infected SKOV3 cells by lipofectamine 2000. The groups included DHFR-pWPI-SKOV3 cell, pWPI-SKOV3 cell and SKOV3 cell group. Western blot was used to detect the expression of DHFR. Flow cytometry was applied to measure the cell apoptosis rate of 3 groups cells in different cisplatin concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 µg/ml) and at different time period (24, 48 and 72 hours), and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) treated with cisplatin concentration (6.0, 4.0, 4.9 µg/ml). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to test intracellular cisplatin concentration in different cisplatin concentration (4.0, 6.0, 8.0 µg/ml) at 24 and 48 hours. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe ultrastructural changes cells under IC50 cisplatin concentration., Results: The recombinant plasmid DHFR-pWPI was constructed and then infected into SKOV3 cell successfully. (1) The expression of DHFR detected by western blot in transfection group was higher than those in the negative control group and blank control group (10.280±0.009 vs 2.050±0.003 vs 3.480±0.003; P<0.01). (2) Treated with cisplatin concentration (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0 µg/ml) at 24, 48 hours, the apoptosis rate detected by flow cytometry results shown that they were lower than those in the negative control group and blank control group (P<0.05), while treated at the concentration of 5.0 and 10.0 µg/ml for 72 hours, whose apoptosis rate in transfection group was higher than those in the negative control group and blank control group (P<0.05). When treated cells under IC50 cisplatin concentration (6.0, 4.0, 4.9 µg/ml) at for 24 and 48 hours, the results indicated that there were mainly G0/G1 stage cell cycle rate in 3 groups, it was obviously higher in transfection group than those in two control groups (P<0.05). However, mainly G2/M, S stage cell cycle rate for 72 hours, and S stage cell cycle rate in transfection group obviously higher than those in two control groups, but G2/M stage cell cycle rate were lower (P<0.01). (3) After treated with cisplatin concentration (4.0 µg/ml) for 24, 48 hours and cisplatin concentration (6.0 µg/ml) for 24 hours, the intracellular cisplatin content tested by HPLC method in the transfection group were significantly lower than those in two control groups (P<0.01). While, at 6.0 µg/ml of cisplatin concentration for 48 hours and 8.0 µg/ml of cisplatin concentration for 24 and 48 hours, the intracellular cisplatin content of transfection group were obviously higher than those two control groups (P<0.05). (4) Treated with IC50 (6.0, 4.0, 4.9 µg/ml) cisplatin concentration at different time to obeserve ultrastructural changes by transmission electron microscopy. The results shown that the microwire gathered together at 24 and 48 hours, and the number and structure of mitochondria had obvious change in transfection group, while there was rare microfilament, the number of mitochondria decreased but structure change was not apparent in two control groups. There were appeared expansion of endoplasmic reticulum and had rare normal organelles among three groups. After treated with cisplatin for 72 hours, there were inordinate microfilament, a part of nuclear membrane disappeared, a lot of ribosomes gathered together in two control groups, and there were rare microfilament in transfection group, nuclear membrane completely disappeared, many white cystic matter were seen in cytoplasm, mitochondrial structure disappeared completely, which seems most cells on the verge of death., Conclusion: The lentiviral expressing vector harboring human DHFR gene were successfully constructed. When the up- expression of DHFR gene, the drug-resistant in ovarian cancer cell may be increase, which suggest that there were certain contact between resistance increases with microfilament gathered and the change of the mitochondria.

The method of monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay has a great importance in the study of quality control of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and detection of trace components in vivo animals. Synthesis of small molecule artificial antigen is the prerequisite for the establishment of this method. In present study, catalpol-BSA was synthesized by sodium periodate oxidation method. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry ( MALDI-TOF-MS) and molecular exclusion chromatography showed that catalpol was successfully conjugated with BSA. The mice could specifically produce anti-catalpol antibodies with titer up to 1:8000. The artificial antigen of catalpol was successfully synthesized.

Through this research a lentiviral vector expressing the gene of folate-binding protein-1 (FOLR1) was constructed and the corrsponding expression products were identified. Firstly, full-length of the FORL1 gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into the plasmid pWPI. Then it was further confirmed by PCR and sequencing. Secondly, after the recombinant pWPI and its helper plasmid co-transfected the virus packaging 293T cells, SKOV3 cells were infected with the virus particles and sorted by flow cytometry. Thirdly, the FOLR1 gene was detected by RT-PCR and its protein expression was detected by Western blot. Finally, the recombinant expression vector was successfully constructed, and lentiviruses were successfully packaged by the 293T cells. A great quantity of green fluorescent cells could be seen after the SKOV3 cells were effectively infected with the lentiviruses carrying the FOLR1 gene. The sorting could be done and detected by cytometrying the FORL1 gene and its stable expression by the two methods above, which laid experimental foundation for exploring its biological function in ovarian cancers.

Objective: To evaluate percutaneous reduction by Kirschner pin and internal fixation with cancellous screw and plate through minimal incision at the lateral side of heel for the treatment of intra-articular displacement fracture of calcaneus., Methods: From September 2009 to June 2012, 80 patients with close intra-articular displacement fractures of calcaneus were divided into treatment group and control group. There were 40 patients in the control group, including 21 males and 19 females, ranging in age from 23 to 64 years old, averaged (39.1 +/-11.7) years old; and the patients were treated with fixation by compress screws and plates of self-broken type. There were 40 patients in the treatment group, including 24 males and 16 females,ranging in age from 21 to 67 years old, averaged (39.6+/-14.3) years old;and the patients were treated with full thread cancellous screws and plates fixation. The fixation time,intra-operative blood loss and the number of injured medial plntar nerve were compared between the two groups. The Böhler angle, Gissane angle and the correction degree of calcaneal width were measured at 1 year after operation. The internal fixators were taken out after 1 year. The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was used to evaluate therapeutic effects., Results: All the patients were followed up,and the duration ranged from 9 to 32 months, with a mean of 16 months. There were shorter operation time, less injury, satisfactory postoperative Böhler angle and calcaneal width in treatment group compared with control group,which reduced the medial neurovascular injuries, and the plate was easily removed after fracture healing., Conclusion: Full thread cancellous screws and plate fixation for the treatment of calcaneal fractures could get same therapeutic effects as compress screws and plate of self-broken type fixation, and also has follow advantages: shortening the operation time, reducing blood loss, easily to be removed, avoiding the medial neurovascular damage, reducing the incidence of complications.

Remote sensing monitoring of alpine grassland nutritional status is a key factor of grassland reasonable utilization, also a difficulty for dynamic vegetation monitoring. The present paper studies the correlations between vegetation nutrition and hyperspectral data. The results showed that two band ratio models have a significant correlation with biomass, air-DM, P, CF, and CP. MAXR models have a significant correlation with most of nutrition index when selected wavebands equaled five. On the whole, the MAXR model precedes two band ratio models. Using MAXR models to estimate air-DM, P and CF can obtain higher accuracy.

The present paper is a preliminary exploration of the possible way the gallstones are formed. Five categories of gallstones from clinical surgery in Xuzhou region were extracted by a series of solvents. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to characterize the structure of morphological changes between gallstone and residue by extracting. The gallstone samples are from clinical surgeries in Xuzhou region where gallstone disease is quite common. Samples were extracted with a series of solvents, and then FTIR and other instrumental analysis were applied to characterize the composition, structure and morphological changes of the samples both before and after the extraction. The results show that the gallstone samples can be classified as 5 types: cholesterol-type, cholesterol-based hybrid type with salt, bilirubin and protein as its insoluble substances, brown pigment type and black pigment type gallstones. The results also indicate that protein plays a key role in gallstone nucleation process by providing a sediment matrix for the formation of gallstones. Both cholesterol and carbonated hydroxyapatite are found in the insoluble substances of the samples. It is possible that cholesterol was accompanied by carbonated hydroxyapatite and there are interactions between them, and these interactions contribute to the crystallization process and speed up the formation of gallstones. All the results above may provide useful references for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention of gallstones.

FAIMS is a fast and high sensitive technique for detecting trace volatile organic compounds. Spectra of acetone, benzene and toluene were obtained on a homemade high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometer and they can be easily separated in the spectra. Three xylene isomeric compounds were also successfully separated in FAIMS. Effect of carrier gas flow rate on the ion intensity was analyzed, and the optimal flow rate of carrier gas was 220 L x h(-1) which can be used for the optimization of FAIMS instrument. The detection limit for acetone is 100 ng x L(-1) that is an order of magnitude lower than the foreign traditional IMS.

Objective: To investigate whether Ca2+ contribute to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) through PI3-kinase pathway., Methods: The protein content was assayed with Lowry's method. The cardiomyocytes volumes were measured by computer photograph analysis system. The protein synthesis was assayed with [3H]-leucine incorporation method. [Ca2+]i transient was measured by Till image system by cell-loading Fura-2/AM., Results: (1) TNF-alpha significantly induced the increase of protein content, [3H]-leucine incorporation and cell size. These responses were significantly suppressed by LY294002, a selective PI3-kinase inhibitor. Verapamil, L-type calcium channels antagonist, slightly attenuated TNF-alpha-induced these responses. (2) TNF-alpha increased the amplitude of the spontaneous Ca2+ transients in cultured ventricular myocytes from the neonatal rat; PI3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 could suppress the elevation induced by TNF-alpha, but calcium antagonist verapamil took the minor effects of TNF-alpha on [Ca2+]i metabolism., Conclusion: Increasing the intercellular free Ca2+ level may play an essential role in TNF-alpha-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through PI3-kinase pathway in rats, while L-type calcium channel takes the minor effects on it.

Background and Objective: The incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is low. Current treatment for ICC is unsatisfied. This study was to investigate the prognosis of patients with resectable or unresectable ICC., Methods: Clinical data of 84 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC treated at Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University from January 1997 to December 2007 were reviewed. Survival and prognosis were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model., Results: Of the 84 patients, 56 (66.7%) had resectable ICC, and 28 (33.3%) had unresectable ICC. Among the 56 patients with resectable ICC, 27 (48.2%) underwent radical resection, and 29 (51.8%) underwent palliative resection. The 2-year overall survival rate was 3.1% in unresectable ICC group; it was significantly higher in radical resection group than in palliative resection group (P<0.01). For the patients with resectable ICC, univariate analysis revealed that operation pattern, histological type, tumor size and number, lymph node metastasis, intrahepatic metastasis, portal vein thrombus, postoperative serum level of albumin, preoperative serum levels of CEA, CA199, TBIL, ALT and AST were related to the prognosis; multivariate analysis found that operation pattern, histological type, tumor number, preoperative serum levels of CEA, CA199 and TBIL were independent prognostic factors. For the patients with unresectable ICC, univariate analysis found that histological type and preoperative serum level of CA199 were related to the prognosis; whereas multivariate analysis found that histological type was the only independent prognostic factor. Chemotherapy showed no survival benefit in both resectable and unresectable ICC groups (P=0.30, P=0.78)., Conclusions: Radical resection is the main effective treatment for ICC patients to achieve long-term survival. Preoperative serum levels of CEA, CA199 and TBIL are significant prognostic factor for patients with resectable ICC.

Endophytic SR-15, SR-25 and SL-37 strains screened from rice hybrid D you 527 in Sichuan were analyzed. Through penetration and microscopic test, the strains were found be mainly located in the cell gap, vacuole and cytoplasm. PUC18 transferring and ERIC-PCR showed that the recombination strain SR-15 could grow in the plant stably. The strain was identified as Bacillus halmapalus based on its chemical components of cell wall, physiological and biochemical characters. It was also shown that the strain was not injurious to rice plant, instead, it promoted rice plant growth by penetration. The Cry1Ac gene was transferred into the stain and verified by Southern analysis. Cry1Ac-transferred SR-15 was toxic to the Chilo suppressalis, brought about death ratio as high as 84.2%.

The fermentation process of recombinant human Endostatin expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) was studied. The effects of factors such as concentration of IPTG, induction time, cultivation temperature and feeding strategies were investigated. Beside that, by changing the temperature to 40 degrees C after induction, the high-density cultivation finished in a much shorter period. After 9 hours cultivation, the optical density (OD) at 600 nm reached 140 and the yield of inclusion body was 3 g/L. While E. coli system was used, protein with better activity and stability was obtained. The cost was much lower and the producing process was much steadier. It will meet the demands of the industrial production.

Objective: benzene; Air pollution; Risk assessment in the air of workshop and validate the methods., Methods: Expert-reference, BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were separately used to estimate benzene concentration in a slurry-applying workshop and modeling workshop of a rubber factory. The estimations were compared with current newly monitored data., Results: The estimated averages of expert-reference, BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were 100.0, 16.9, 33.2 mg/m3 respectively for the slurry-applying workshop and 100, 156, 115 mg/m3 for the modeling workshop. No significant difference was observed between the estimations and validating sample except to that of the expert-reference for the former., Conclusion: BAYES statistics and expert-measurement were precise and expert-reference was candidate if no measurements in spite of its subjectivity.

Objective: To study the relationship between low benzene exposure doses with workers' peripheral blood parameters of different similar exposure groups (SEG)., Methods: The workers were from a shoe factory and divided into different SEG, according to the observation method and sampling method. Exposure levels, blood samples and job histories were collected. The relationship between benzene level and blood routine were analyzed using multiple regression method., Results: Five SEGs were defined. No significant differences were found among different SEG in length of service, smoking, drinking, blood routine and symptoms except for ages. Significant negative correlation (r = -0.36, P < 0.05) between benzene exposure levels and white blood cell counts were found by multiple regression analysis. Similar negative correlation was also found between length of benzene exposure and red blood cell counts (r = -0.29, P < 0.05). No significantly statistical relationships were found between benzene exposure and red blood cell counts or platelet count., Conclusion: SEGs method is sensitive for determining the relationship between benzene exposure levels and white blood cell counts. Further study is needed by increasing the number of workers to study the relationship between low benzene exposure and peripheral blood parameters.

In this paper, point to point video communication system based on internet is deeply studied. Meanwhile the application system designed practically is introduced. It is emphasized that video compression coding based on low bit rate stream with ITU-T H. 263 agreement and related international standards is realized.