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【Objective】 Brackish waters including saline groundwater and treated wastewater have been increasingly used as a complimentary irrigation water resource in regions where freshwater is scarce. In the paper we investigate the effect of various concentrations of saltine irrigation water on photosynthetic characteristics of winter jujube. 【Method】 The experiment was conducted in 2020 in a jujube orchard, with the winter jujubes irrigated by mixtures of saltine groundwater and freshwater at concentrations of 1 (S1), 2 (S2), 3 (S3), 4 (S4) and 5 g/L (S5), respectively. In each treatment, we measured the spaciotemporal changes in soil water and salt, as well as the photosynthetic traits of the jujubes. 【Result】 Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration and stomatal conductance of the plant leaves varied with irrigation salinity nonlinearly, all peaking in S3 or S4. Compared with other treatments, S3 and S4 reduced the SPAD, maximum fluorescence and maximum quantum efficiency significantly. Compared to S1, S3 and S4 increased the apparent quantum efficiency, maximum net photosynthetic rate, light compensation point, and dark respiration rate, but reduced the light saturation point. These indicate that, although S3 and S4 reduced the range of available light intensity, they improved the physiological activity and efficient photosynthesis of the jujube leaves. 【Conclusion】 Irrigating the winter jujubes with saline water at concentration of 1-3 g/L during the fruit enlargement period can prevent light reaction inhibition and promote efficient photosynthesis. However, irrigation with water salinity exceeding 4 g/L led to salinity stress, thereby significantly reducing light energy utilization efficiency. To minimize soil salt accumulation and improve growth and development of the winter jujube, maintaining irrigation water salinity around 3 g/L is most beneficial.

Human milk oligosaccharides （HMOs） are a group of complex glycans in human milk and play an important role in promoting the growth and development of infants, and more than 200 kinds of HMOs have been identified so far. In this paper, the types and structures of HMOs and their roles in improving infant intestinal health, promoting immune system development and brain development were reviewed. The application status of HMOs was summarized, the possibility and necessity of industrial production and application of HMOs in the future were prospected.

In order to predict the rotating-bending fatigue life of 40CrNi2Si2MoVA steel specimens after machining and shot peening in room temperature, the applicability and accuracy of different numerical calculation methods were compared by combining the commercial finite element software ABAQUS with the fatigue life analysis software FE-SAFE, the empirical formula for predicting the life of 40CrNi2Si2MoVA steel strengthened by shot peening was presented. The results show that using "Brown-Miller" algorithm and surface residual stress in FE-SAFE can obtain a relatively precise prediction result for machined specimens. And for shot peened specimens, this method also can be taken in high stress level. While the "stress-based Brown Miller" algorithm and maximum residual stress are more suitable for shot peened specimens in low stress level. The empirical formula σmax =–64.378•lg N + 1449.268 proposed based on the two methods can enhance the accuracy of fatigue life prediction of 40CrNi2Si2MoVA steel shot peened specimens.

YVO4, YPO4 and YV1-xPxO4 phosphors with various Tb3+ doping concentrations were prepared by high-temperature solid-state method. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements were conducted to evaluate the chemical reactions during synthesis process, determining 1 350 °C as the optimal synthesis temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the synthesized materials confirmed a tetragonal crystal structure for all samples. The luminescent properties of the mentioned phosphors at room temperature were investigated. Under ultraviolet excitation, luminescence in YVO4 : Tb3+ predominantly arises from the 5D3→7FJ(J = 6, 5, 4, 2) transitions, resulting in blue emission. The introduction of P element modified the crystal field environment in YV1 - xPxO4 :Tb3+, enhancing multi-phonon relaxation (MPR) and cross-relaxation (CR) between 5D3 and 5D4 energy levels. With increasing P element content, the emission gradually shifted towards 5D4→7FJ' (J' = 6, 5, 4, 3), displaying blue, cyan, and green emissions. In YPO4 : Tb3+, higher doping concentrations enhanced cross relaxation between 5D3 and 5D4 energy levels of Tb3+, leading to weakened 5D3 luminescence and intensified 5D4 luminescence. Fine- tuning the doping concentration enabled the control of luminescence from blue to green. In conclusion, by adjusting the matrix composition and doping concentration, the blue-green luminescence modulation of Tb3+ -doped vanadium phosphate system can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of transcervical non-inflatable endoscopic thyroidectomy through the posterior inferior sternocleidomastoid approach. Methods: From December 2022 to May 2023, the clinical data of 35 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma treated by transcervical non-inflatable endoscopic surgery via posterior inferior sternocleidomastoid approach were retrospectively analyzed. There were 14 males and 21 females, with an average age of 44.7 years. The operation time, bleeding volume, postoperative recovery, complications and follow-up were recorded. Results: All 35 patients successfully completed the surgery, with an average operation time of 4 hours and 7 minutes, an average bleeding volume of 14 ml, and an average postoperative hospital stay of 3.5 days. There were no serious complications and no obvious neck discomfort during postoperative follow-up. Conclusion: Transcervical non-inflatable endoscopic thyroidectomy via posterior inferior sternocleidomastoid approach is safe and effective, with fast postoperative recovery,high appearance satisfaction and good neck comfort., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Agilent 3000 + is a typical micro gas chromatograph (micro GC) which is widely used for its fast analysis, high resolution, wide dynamic range and energy-efficient. However its amplifier circuit and analog-to-digital convertor (ADC) are of high power consumption and high working temperature. Based on the results of theoretical calculation, ADS1255, a 24-bit delta-sigma ADC from TI, was selected as the core component for its low noise and energy-efficient. Furthermore, a low noise, high common-mode voltage durable full differential amplifier circuit was designed to accomplish the functions of impedance matching, filtering, and level shifting in front of ADC. The full differential amplifier was optimized with the analysis of noise model and theoretical calculation. In addition, a testing platform was developed to test the full differential amplifier and ADC. The testing results showed that the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) noise value of new full different amplifier and ADC was as low as 1.25 microV and the power dissipation was 3.7 W lower than that of the old circuit. The new circuit is low noise, energy-efficient, compact and cheap and can cater for the requirement of the micro GC of next generation.