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Objective: The aim of this paper is to compare the refractive correction effects of rigid gas permeable contact lenses (RGPCL) and spectacle correction in children with aphakia after congenital cataract surgery. Methods: This was a prospective non-randomized controlled trial. Children with aphakic eyes after congenital cataract surgery, who underwent vision correction in the Strabismus and Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinic of Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University from April 2012 to November 2019, were continuously collected. Those who voluntarily chose to wear RGPCL for refractive correction were included in the experimental group. Patients with monocular disease were in trial group 1, and patients with binocular disease were in trial group 2. Patients who chose to wear frame glasses for refractive correction were included in the control group. Patients with monocular disease were in control group 1, and patients with binocular disease were in control group 2. Regional origin, medical history, and family information were collected at the first diagnosis. During the follow-up, adverse reactions occurring during the process of wearing glasses were recorded. The Teller acuity card was used for visual examination to obtain the best-corrected visual acuity and convert it into the logarithm of the minimum resolution angle. The degree of nystagmus was determined according to the amplitude and frequency of nystagmus. Treatment cost, treatment compliance, and the reasons for adopting or not adopting RGPCL were analyzed through a questionnaire completed by the parents of children with RGPCL. Results: A total of 203 children (344 eyes) who underwent congenital cataract surgery were included, including 124 males (210 eyes) and 79 females (134 eyes). The age range was 3 to 36 months. There were 28 cases in the experimental group, including 19 cases in trial group 1 and 9 cases in trial group 2. There were 175 cases in the control group, including 43 cases in control group 1 and 132 cases in control group 2. Except for 6 months of age, the visual acuity of the experimental group was better than that of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P <0.05). The visual acuity of children in trial group 1 was better than that of children in control group 1 at the same age. Among them, at 12 months of age [1.54 (1.27, 1.97), 1.84 (0.97, 2.12)], 18 months of age [1.27 (0.97, 1.84), 1.84 (0.97, 2.12)], 24 months of age [1.54 (1.27, 1.84), 1.84 (0.97, 2.12)], and 30 months old [0.97 (0.66, 1.27), 1.54 (0.66, 2.12)], the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.001). The visual acuity of children in trial group 2 was better than that in control group 2 at the same age. Among them, at 18 months old [1.27 (0.97, 1.54), 1.27 (0.66, 2.12)], 24 months old [0.97 (0.66, 1.27), 1.27 (0.66, 2.12)], and 30 months old [1.27 (0.66, 2.12)], the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). The remission rate of nystagmus in the experimental group was 8/9 (8 cases), the remission rate of nystagmus in the control group was 34.40% (32 cases), and the exacerbation rate was 29.03% (27 cases). The average annual cost of the experimental group was 25 125 yuan, and that of the control group was 2 511 yuan. Conclusions: RGPCL is a well-tolerated, safe, and effective treatment for infants and young children. The visual acuity and degree of nystagmus were significantly improved in children who wore RGPCL for aphakia refractive correction after congenital cataract surgery compared with spectacle correction.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and prognostic factors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) . Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective clinical study, adult patients aged ≥18 years who underwent allo-HSCT for sAML at four centers of the Zhejiang Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Collaborative Group from January 2014 to November 2022 were included, and the efficacy and prognostic factors of allo-HSCT were analyzed. Results: A total of 95 patients were enrolled; 66 (69.5%) had myelodysplastic syndrome-acute myeloid leukemia (MDS-AML) , 4 (4.2%) had MDS/MPN-AML, and 25 (26.3%) had therapy-related AML (tAML) . The 3-year CIR, LFS, and overall survival (OS) rates were 18.6% (95% CI 10.2%-27.0%) , 70.6% (95% CI 60.8%-80.4%) , and 73.3% (95% CI 63.9%-82.7%) , respectively. The 3-year CIRs of the M-AML group (including MDS-AML and MDS/MPN-AML) and the tAML group were 20.0% and 16.4%, respectively ( P =0.430) . The 3-year LFSs were 68.3% and 75.4%, respectively ( P =0.176) . The 3-year OS rates were 69.7% and 75.4%, respectively ( P =0.233) . The 3-year CIRs of the groups with and without TP53 mutations were 60.0% and 13.7%, respectively ( P =0.003) ; the 3-year LFSs were 20.0% and 76.5%, respectively ( P =0.002) ; and the 3-year OS rates were 40.0% and 77.6%, respectively ( P =0.002) . According to European LeukmiaNet 2022 (ELN2022) risk stratification, the 3-year CIRs of patients in the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups were 8.3%, 17.8%, and 22.6%, respectively ( P =0.639) . The three-year LFSs were 91.7%, 69.5%, and 65.6%, respectively ( P =0.268) . The 3-year OS rates were 91.7%, 71.4%, and 70.1%, respectively ( P =0.314) . Multivariate analysis revealed that advanced disease at allo-HSCT and TP53 mutations were independent risk factors for CIR, LFS, and OS. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the prognosis of patients who underwent allo-HSCT among the MDS-AML, MDS/MPN-AML, and tAML groups. Advanced disease at transplantation and TP53 mutations were poor prognostic factors. ELN2022 risk stratification had limited value for predicting the prognosis of patients with sAML following allo-HSCT.

Objective: To investigate how gender differences between the donor and the recipient affect the effectiveness of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and pure peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) in the treatment of malignant hematological diseases. Methods: From February 2015 to September 2020, 648 hematological malignancies patients underwent myeloablative condition regimen haplo-HSCT treatment at the Bone Marrow Transplant Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University. The median age was 32 (14-62) years, with 363 males (56.0% ) and 285 females (44.0% ) present. 242 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (37.3% ) , 293 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (45.2% ) , 56 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (8.7% ) , 27 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) (4.2% ) , and 30 cases of other hematological malignancies (4.6% ) . Results: ① The 3-year overall survival (OS) , DFS, the incidence of Ⅱ-Ⅳ grade acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) , the incidence of Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade aGVHD, the 3-year incidence of moderate & severe chronic GVHD (cGVHD) , severe cGVHD, the 3-year incidence of relapse, and NRM of the whole group were (73.10±1.90) % , (70.80±1.90) % , (33.96±1.87) % , (13.08±1.33) % , (35.10±2.14) % , (10.66±1.38) % , (19.43±1.67) % , and (9.80±1.24) % , respectively. ②There was no statistically significant difference between the donor-recipient gender match and donor-recipient gender mismatch groups in the 28-day cumulative neutrophil engraftment rate, 28-day cumulative platelet engraftment rate, the incidence of Ⅱ-Ⅳ grade aGVHD, the incidence of Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade aGVHD, 3-year OS, 3-year DFS, the cumulative incidence of relapse, NRM, and incidence of moderate & severe cGVHD, severe cGVHD. ③The 28-day cumulative neutrophil engraftment rate did not differ statistically between the male-female, female-female, male-male, and female-male groups ( P =0.148) . The incidence of Ⅱ-Ⅳ grade aGVHD, the incidence of Ⅲ-Ⅳ grade aGVHD, 3-year OS, 3-year DFS, cumulative relapse rate, and NRM, and the incidence of cGVHD were not statistically different among the four groups ( P >0.05) . The 28-day cumulative platelet engraftment rate of the female-male group was significantly lower than male-female group, and the female-female group [ (91.45±2.63) % vs . (94.77±1.75) % , P =0.004; (91.45±2.63) % vs . (95.54±2.05) % , P =0.005]. No significant difference existed in the 28-day cumulative platelet engraftment rate between the female-male group and the male-male group [ (91.45±2.63) % vs . (95.08±1.41) % , P =0.284]. ④Among patients ≤35 years old, the 3-year incidence of severe cGVHD patients receiving sister donors and sibling donors were (26.71±5.90) % and (10.33±4.43) % , respectively ( P =0.054) . Patients accepting daughter donors and son donors had a 3-year incidence of moderate and severe cGVHD that was 40.07% vs . 27.41% , respectively, among those over 35 (40.07±6.65) % vs . (27.41±4.54) % ( P =0.084) . ⑤Female donors to male recipients had a significantly lower 28-day cumulative platelet engraftment rate compared to the other groups [ (91.45±2.63) % vs . (95.08±0.95) % , P =0.037]. ⑥ Female donors to male recipients had a significantly lower 28-day cumulative platelet engraftment rate than the other groups in the ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) 10 mg/kg group [ (89.29±4.29) % vs . (94.49±1.45) % , P =0.037]. But when compared to the other groups in the Rabbit Antihuman Thymocyte Immunoglobulin (rATG-T) 6 mg/kg group, the 28-day cumulative platelet implantation rate between female donors and male recipients was not significantly different [ (93.44±3.38) % vs . (95.62±1.26) % , P =0.404]. Conclusion: The main clinical outcomes of patients with malignant blood diseases following transplantation are unaffected by the gender combination of the donor and patient in the haplo-HSCT mode based on ATG and PBSC sources. Female donors to male recipients have a lower 28-day cumulative platelet engraftment rate and longer platelet engraftment times.

Objective: To investigate the changes of brain network characteristics in patients with depression before and after precise repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment. Methods: Patients with depression in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University and healthy volunteers in the community of Xinxiang city from February 2018 to March 2019 were simultaneously recruited. The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was precisely selected as the stimulation target through the latest Human Brainnetome Atlas, and the near infrared navigation was used to achieve accurate brain stimulation treatment in combination with the structural magnetic resonance data. Moreover, functional connectivity was analyzed before and after rTMS treatment in significantly altered brain areas of patients with depression. Results: Nineteen patients (11 males and 8 females) with depression were included, aged (34±11) years. Meanwhile, 22 healthy controls (9 males and 13 females), aged (30±9) years, were also enrolled. Functional connectivity of insular cortex was decreased in depression patients when the insula was analyzed as the target area ( P <0.05). The functional connection from insula to middle frontal lobe and superior parietal lobe in patients with depression decreased before rTMS treatment ( P <0.05), but increased after rTMS treatment ( P <0.05). The functional connection between dIg&#95;L of the insula and the right middle prefrontal lobe was correlated with Beck Anxiety Index (BAI) before rTMS treatment and Beck Depression Index (BDI) after rTMS treatment ( r =0.737, P =0.003; r =0.696, P =0.005). Conclusions: Abnormal functional connectivity of insula may be the brain imaging mechanism of rTMS treatment. Precise brain region selection based on Human Brainnetome Atlas provides a new technical method for clinical rTMS precision treatment.

Objective: To determine the effect of metformin and adiponectin on the proliferation of EC cells and the relationship between metformin and adiponectin., Methods: The proliferation impact of different concentrations of metformin and adiponectin on two types of EC cells ishikawa (IK) and HEC-1B was confirmed by CCK-8 method. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effect of different concentrations of metformin on the changes of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) of the EC cells both in mRNA and protein level and the role of compound C, an adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor, on the above effects., Results: (1) Both metformin and adiponectin could significantly promote the proliferation of endometrial cancer (EC) cells in a time and concentration dependent manner (P<0.05).(2)Metformin and adiponectin had synergy anti-proliferative effect on EC cells and the combination index (CI) value of IK cells was 0.906 34 and of HEC-1B cells was 0.827 65. (3)qRT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 after 5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L metformin, respectively, stimulating IK and HEC-1B cells for 48 hours and the mRNA expressions of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were significantly increased when compared with the control group (0 mmol/L)(IK: AdipoR1 of 5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L group: P<0.001,AdipoR2 of 5 mmol/L group: P<0.001; HEC-1B: AdipoR1 of 5 mmol/L group: P<0.001, 10 mmol/L group: P=0.023, AdipoR2 of 5 mmol/L group: P<0.001, 10 mmol/L group: P=0.024). When combined with compound C, the RNA levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were not different compared with the control group (0 mmol/L, P>0.05). (4) Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 after 5 mmol/L and 10 mmol/L metformin, stimulating IK and HEC-1B cells for 48 hours and the protein level was significantly increased when compared with the control group (0 mmol/L)(IK: AdipoR1 of 5 mmol/L group: P=0.04, 10 mmol/L group: P=0.033, AdipoR2 of 5 mmol/L group: P=0.044, 10 mmol/L group: P=0.046; HEC-1B: AdipoR1 of 5 mmol/L group: P=0.04, 10 mmol/L group: P=0.049, AdipoR2 of 5 mmol/L group: P=0.043, 10 mmol/L group: P=0.035). When combined with compound C,the protein levels of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were not different compared with the control group (0 mmol/L, P>0.05)., Conclusion: We find that metformin and adiponectin have synergy anti-proliferative effect on EC cells. Besides, metformin can increase adiponectin receptors expressions of EC cells both in mRNA and protein levels and this effect is accomplished by the activation of AMPK signaling pathway.

Objective: To identify the sensitive scales and the early change of nerve conduction for chronic oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy (OXLIPN), and to investigate correlation between the symptoms of acute OXLIPN and chronic OXLIPN., Methods: Between December 2014 and August 2015, 16 colorectal cancer patients confirmed by pathology, from department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, scheduled to receive XELOX, completed the acute neurotoxic symptoms questionnaire at the end of 1 cycles and the scales of TNSc and NCI-CTC at the baseline and the end of 4 cycles. Nerve conduction studies (bilateral peroneal nerves and sural nerves) were performed in 11 patients at the baseline and the end of 4 cycles., Results: After chemotherapy, TNSc increased 1-9 points for all cases, while NCI-CTC increased 1 point for only 9 cases, the remaining 7 cases had the same NCI-CTC score before and after chemotherapy, where TNSc increased 1-6 points. Left sural nerve a-SNAP (amplitude of sensory nerve action potential) was (15.3±5.8)μV before chemotherapy and(12.3±5.0)μV after chemotherapy. Right sural nerve a-SNAP was (17.4±8.6)μV before chemotherapy and (13.3±6.7)μV after chemotherapy. After chemotherapy, these datum were significantly reduced for left peroneal nerve distal and proximal a-CMAP (amplitude of compound muscle action potential), bilateral sural nerve a-SNAP and left sural nerve SCV (sensory conduction velocity) (P<0.05). After chemotherapy, TNSc was correlated significantly with the acute neurotoxic symptoms questionnaire (Spearman r=0.698, P=0.003)., Conclusions: TNSc is more sensitive to the severity and changes in chronic OXLIPN than NCI-CTC. Sural nerve a-SNAP has a higher sensitivity for the early changes of nerve conduction studies in chronic OXLIPN. Patients who have more symptoms of acute OXLIPN are those who eventually develop more severe chronic OXLIPN.

This paper reports on the comparative susceptibility of A. dirus (Hainan strain) and A. stephensi (Hor strain) to the B strain of P. cynomolgi in paired feeding experiments. In the most susceptible infective period, the infection rate in midgut and salivary gland of the two species was over 90%, the difference is not statistically significant. In relatively infective period, three experiments were performed, the infection rate in midgut of A. dirus was 24.4-60.4% with an average of 46.5% (53/114), and that of A. stephensi was 11.5-21.1% with an average of 14.2% (16/113). Statistically, experiment I showed no significant difference, the difference in experiment II was highly significant (P less than 0.01), and that in experiment III was significant (P less than 0.05). The number of oocysts in A. dirus was three times over that in A. stephensi. The infection rate of salivary gland in A. dirus was 18.2-55.0% with an average of 30.6% (19/62) and that of A. stephensi was 6.7-14.3% with an average of 9.5% (6/63). Statistically, only one of the three experiments showed significant difference (P less than 0.01). The result suggests that the susceptibility of A. dirus is higher than that of A. stephensi to the B strain of Plasmodium cynomolgi.

In this paper four compounds isolated from Radix Ophiopogonis are described. Their structures have been identified as beta-sitosterol (I), 6-aldehydo-7-methoxy-isoophiopogonanone B (II), beta-sitosterol-beta-D-glucopyranoside (III) and 1-borneol-beta-D-apisyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IV) on the basis of spectral data and hydrolytic reaction.