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Coffee grounds, walnut shells, water hyacinth and coconut shells were used as raw materials to prepare biochars at different pyrolysis temperatures, and the simulated wastewater containing Cu, Zn, OTC, CIP, and DOX was purified. The results showed that 700 ℃ was the optimal pyrolysis temperature for biochar, and water hyacinth biochar(SBC700) had the best adsorption effect on single heavy metal Cu and Zn. Coconut shell biochar(YBC700) had a strong adsorption effect on single antibiotic OTC, CIP, and DOX. The adsorption behaviors of four biochars on single heavy metal and antibiotic were chemical adsorption. Composite biochar was prepared from SBC and YBC at 700 ℃, and its adsorption effect on Cu, Zn and one antibiotic compound contaminant was studied. Composite biochar was beneficial for enhancing the adsorption efficiecy of Cu and antibiotics in compound contaminant systems. The longer the residence time, the better the removal effect of composite biochar on Cu and Zn, and the effect on three antibiotics was no significant. Considering the economic benefits and removal effects, the optimal dosage of composite biochar was 2.5 g/L. The adsorption capacity of biochar for Cu and Zn also increased gradually with the increase of pH, which was 1.90 mg/g and 8.40 mg/g at pH 6, respectively. There was no significant change in the adsorption capacity of biochar for OTC, CIP, and DOX, and the average removal rates were higher than 88%. The water hyacinth and coconut shell composite biochar prepared at the pyrolysis temperature of 700 ℃ had the best comprehensive properties, which provided a new idea for the adsorption of heavy metals and antibiotic compound pollution.

This study investigates the effects of pH shift combined with ultrasound treatment on the structure and functional properties of tartary buckwheat protein. The results indicate that with ultrasound assistance and pH shift treatment significantly increased the free thiol content of tartary buckwheat protein (P < 0.05). This increase might attributed to protein unfolding, which exposed internal thiols or generated new thiols through disulfide bonds cleavage. When the ultrasonic time was 20 min and the ultrasonic power was 300 W, tartary buchwheat protein exhibited the highest surface hydrophobicity. This indicates that the protein underwent reorganization during the modification process, disrupting aggregates formed by hydrophobic interactions consequently, the protein particle size decreased, exposing more internal hydrophobic groups. In addition, the solubility of tartary buckwheat protein was significantly improved by ultrasonic assisted pH adjustment. Under alkaline pH conditions, the solubility was significantly increased from 63.85% to 103.48%. This treatment also significantly reduced the particle size of buckwheat protein (P

To comprehensively evaluate the research status and analyze the research hotspot and development trend of barrier dam break, this paper uses CitsSpace to analyze the number of publications, institutional authors, and keywords of research literature on barrier dam break from 2008 to 2023. The number of publications shows an upward trend, the top three countries in terms of the number of publications are China, Japan, and the United Kingdom, the main research institutions include the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, etc., and the main researchers include Zhong Qiming, Peng Ming, etc. Many researchers have summarized basic break stages through physical experiments; Three commonly used mathematical models have produced good results in the simulation of dam break cases. Good results can be obtained by using FLOW-3D software for the three-dimensional simulation of dam break. Research hotspots in recent years focus on the disaster chain of barrier dams, as well as pay attention to soil erosion happening simultaneously. Scholars in China and abroad have made rich achievements in the study of the mechanism of barrier dam break, focusing on the study of the dam break process and the construction of mathematical models. However, it is still necessary to strengthen the team research cooperation, the construction of refined mathematical models, and the study of the interaction mechanism between the break flood and the downstream river bed. The research on the barrier dam break mechanism may concentrate on the construction of refined mathematical models and enter a new rising period.

Objective To analyze the morphology of the pterygoid hamulus and its relationship with adjacent tissues on CBCT images, establish reference data of the anatomical structure of the pterygoid hamulus in the adult population, in order to provide a basis for clinical assisted diagnosis and treatment of pterygoid hamulus syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Methods A total of 151 patients with CBCT images who met the inclusion criteria were collected from August 2020 to December 2023 in the Department of Stomatology at the Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Jiangsu Province. The CBCT images were reconstructed using the maximum intensity projection(MIP) and volume rendering(VR) modes of cone-beam CT. The morphology, length, width, vertical height, abduction angle, mucosal thickness, distance from the pterygoid hamulus to the midline of the palate, and distance from the pterygoid hamulus to the greater palatine foramen were observed and statistically analyzed in 302 bilateral cases. The differences in the morphology of the pterygoid hamulus and its adjacent tissues were analyzed in different places, genders and age groups. Results The apex of the pterygoid hamulus faced inward on 6 sides and outward on 296 sides. The apex of the pterygoid hamulus was sharp on 46 sides and blunt on 256 sides. The pterygoid hamulus showed no statistically significant differences in various parameters between the left and right sides, except for the width. In males, the length, width, height, distance from the pterygoid hamulus to the mid-palatal suture, and mucosal thickness on the surface of the hamulus were all greater than those in females, demonstrating statistically significant differences. Females also exhibited a larger outward angle of the pterygoid hamulus than males, which was statistically significant. Moreover, with the increase of age, the length and height of the pterygoid hamulus initially increased and then decreased, exhibiting statistically significant differences. Conclusion CBCT has the advantages of low radiation dosage, convenient operation, clear imaging, stable measurement data, and clear images in the examination of pterygoid hamulus. It helps in the diagnosis and treatment of pterygoid hamulus-related diseases in a clinical setting.

The risk of hydrogen explosion accident in solution reactor system is high, because both hydrogen and oxygen are released simultaneously from the solution reactor vessel during normal operation. Once hydrogen explosion accident occurs, the overpressure and temperature loads induced by explosion could threaten the integrity and security of radioactive containment boundary. Thus, the structural safety assessment in the event of a hydrogen explosion accident is a key question, which is highly concerned by both designers and nuclear safety reviewers. In this paper, a multi-subject coupling analytical process of structural safety assessment under hydrogen explosive load was presented, which considered chemistry, thermodynamics and mechanics, and this multi-subject coupling analytical process was applied to the structural safety assessment of solution reactor system successfully. Firstly, the governing equation numerical simulation was built up based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method and combustion model to simulate hydrogen explosion behaviors. Considering the solution reactor system consisted of vessel and pipelines, the hydrogen explosion behavior in a narrow channel experiment and in a large-scaled vessel experiment was simulated respectively, and the numerical simulation results, such as overpressure and flame front speed, were compared with experimental data to verify the reasonableness and accuracy of numerical simulation method. Then, the authors established the full-scaled numerical model of solution reactor system and simulated the overpressure and temperature rise in the event of a hydrogen explosion accident, using the numerical method above. The initial hydrogen volume concentration, pressure and temperature derived from accident analysis, two ignition positions (the outlet of reactor vessel and the end of pipeline) were taken into account. Furtherly, the overpressure and temperature induced by hydrogen explosion were applied to the radioactive containment boundary, and the structural dynamic response of solution reactor under hydrogen explosive load was obtained. The results show that the validation of the simulation of hydrogen explosion in narrow channel experiment and large-scaled vessel experiment is verified, and the calculated result can fit well with experimental data. It proves that the numerical method above is accurate and is applicable to solution reactor system. The simulation of hydrogen explosion in solution reactor system presents that a significant overpressure and temperature rise occurs within the radioactive containment boundary. The explosive hazard is greater when the ignition position is located at the end of pipeline. However, even the worse explosive load is unable to undermine the integrity of radioactive containment boundary, the solution reactor system can maintain safety in the event of hydrogen explosion accident.

【Objective】 This paper is to address the research gap in ecosystem services of small mountainous watersheds and provide scientific support for comprehensive management and sustainable development of such regions. 【Method】 We take the Pengxi River Basin as an example. The InVEST model was used to evaluate water and soil conservation services in the region. The region was divided into different geomorphic types based on the terrain undulation and altitude. The geographical detector was then used to identify the dominant influencing factors and their interactions in different landform types. 【Result】 Spatially, water conservation increased from the north to the south, with its lowest value observed in the low-altitude areas (239.52 mm/m2) and the highest value observed in small undulating middle mountains (591.00 mm/m2). In contrast, soil retention increased from the south to the north, and increased with the elevation of landform gradients. Land use types and NDVI are the primary factors influencing water conservation and soil retention, respectively, with the forest and grassland performing particularly well. 【Conclusion】 In areas with high landforms gradients, ecological restoration needs to consider multiple factors to enhance water conservation and soil retention in the region.

Objective To establish a mouse model of pregnancy pain-depression comorbidity induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), and formalin, and to systematically evaluate the associated phenotypes and preliminarily explore the pathological basis of the comorbidity. Methods Eight-week-old C57BL/6J female mice were randomly strarified divided into a control group (no intervention before pregnancy) and a CUS model group (CUS intervention before pregnancy) based on sucrose preference test (SPT) data. After completing the CUS treatment, female and male mice were paired and mated. Pain was induced by injecting 50% CFA and 5% formalin in the right hind foot during pregnancy to create a model of pregnancy pain-depression comorbidity. The experiment was divided into 8 subgroups: control-blank group, CUS-blank group, control-CFA group, CUS-CFA group, control-formalin group, CUS-formalin group, control-CFA+formalin group, and CUS-CFA+formalin group, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in each group were subject to behavioral tests, including the SPT, forced swimming test, tail suspension test, and open field test before and after CUS intervention, during pregnancy, and after delivery. Pain sensitivity changes were measured using mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia tests. Mice were then euthanized. Levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in hippocampus, as well as cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in serum, were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ResultsCompared with the control-blank group, the CUS-blank group showed a significant depression-like behavior with reduced pain threshold (P

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) on subsolid nodule (SSN). Methods A practical randomized controlled study method, including 254 SSN patients was adopted. The patients were divided into the TCM (102 cases) and follow-up (152 cases) groups. The follow-up group received regular check-ups in accordance with the guidelines, and the TCM group received TCM syndrome differentiation treatment for 24 weeks. The two groups were compared in terms of the changes in their SSN diameter, SSN number, TCM symptom score, and overall therapeutic effect before and after treatment. Adverse reactions and safety indicators were also recorded. Results The TCM group showed a significantly higher effective rate of treatment (16.7%) than the follow-up group (2.6%) (P

ObjectiveTo investigate the infestation and disposal of bedbugs in Shanghai， and provide scientific evidence for comprehensive prevention and control of bedbugs.MethodsA questionnaire survey was conducted in the pest control operations （PCOs） of Shanghai Association for Health Promotion to investigate the infestation and disposal of bedbugs. The questionnaire included basic information of the unit， bedbug disposal experience， type of environment of bedbug infestation， main disposal site， main treatment method， main drug and formulation， and evaluation of the disposal. Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.ResultsOf the 116 PCOs， 78 （67.24%） had conducted bedbug disposal， and 29.49% had conducted the disposal no less than 5 times in the past three years. The main types of environment of bedbug infestation were dormitories （46.96%）， hotels （18.78%）， and households （20.44%）. Additionally， bedbug infestation was found in nursing homes， prisons and detention centers， and transport vehicles. Bed frame/bed board/mattress （32.42%） was the main site of bedbug infestation， followed by mat （19.63%）. Chemical spraying was the most common method for bedbug disposal （98.72%）， followed by high-temperature steam （11.54%）. The main drug used in chemical spraying were pyrethroids （69.23%）， nicotinoids （60.26%） and organophosphorus （42.31%）， for which the main formulation were suspended insecticides （55.13%）， followed by wettable powders （43.59%） and emulsifiers （43.59%）. Furthermore， 89.74% of the PCOs performed the assessment after disposal， in which the control effect was generally satisfactory.ConclusionBedbug infestation is relatively common in Shanghai. Dormitories， hotels and households are places where bedbug infestation is more likely to occur. Bed frame， bed board and mattress are the most vulnerable sites to bedbug infestation. Combination of physical and chemical methods should be used for disposal of bedbug infestation.

BackgroundNurses' moral courage is a special type of altruistic behavior， which is considered to be a key factor to improve patient safety. Empathy level can positively predict altruistic behavior， and moral sensitivity exerts an obvious mediation role in the positive prediction. At present， there is no relevant research to explore the path role of moral sensitivity in the relationship between empathy and moral courage.ObjectiveTo verify the mediation role of moral sensitivity in the relationship between empathy and moral courage among nursing students， so as to provide references for increasing the moral courage among nursing students.MethodsFrom June 1 to June 30， 2022， a total of 602 nursing students were recruited via convenience sampling from a tertiary grade A hospital in Mianyang， and participants were assessed using Interpersonal Reactivity Index-Chinese （IRI-C）， Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised Chinese Version （MSQ-R-CV） and Nurses' Moral Courage Scale （NMCS）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation among above scales. The Process macro plug-in for SPSS was used to test the mediation effect of moral sensitivity on the relationship between empathy and moral courage.ResultsA total of 602 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 96.78%. IRI-C score of nursing students was positively correlated with MSQ-R-CV score and NMCS score （r=0.269， 0.146， P

Based on the ANSYS finite element software, the NREL 5 MW monopile offshore wind turbine tower system was modeled in 3D. The influence of different wind speeds on the dynamic characteristics of the tower structure was simulated and analyzed under the full consideration of the soil structure coupling effect and the impeller rotation. The six average wind speeds and the corresponding impeller speeds in the interval between the cut-in wind speed of 3 m/s and the cut-out wind speed of 25 m/s were selected as simulation conditions. The analysis results show that, with the increase of wind speed and impeller speed, the modal frequency of the tower structure gradually increases, and the first two modal frequencies change most obviously. Moreover, the peak value of the tower displacement increases as the wind speed and impeller speed increases, but the amplitude decreases. The displacement shows a non-linear growth trend. The equivalent stress value of the tower increases as the wind speed and impeller speed increases, but the change trend is different from the displacement, which is roughly linear. The fatigue life of the tower decreases sharply, but they are far more than the actual working hours, the fatigue damage and safety factor hazard values are mainly distributed at the bottom of the tower and at the single pile, consistent with the maximum equivalent stress distribution position.

Anthocyanidin reductase is one of the key enzyme involved in the synthesis of flavonoids. In order to explore the structure of ANR gene, ANR enzyme expression pattern and flavonoid content under drought stress and their correlation, a HrANR gene identified from RNA-seq data of sea buckthorn was screened and analyzed by bioinformatics soft, the expression patterns of HrANR gene in different tissues and of flavonoid contents in leaves were performed. The results were as follows: (1) The ORF of HrANR gene was 1 017 bp, which encoded 338 amino acids. It was a stable hydrophilic protein, and the homologous protein had significant family and genus characteristics. (2) HrANR gene was expressed in roots, stems and leaves of sea buckthorn under drought stress, but the expression trends were different, with an increase followed by a decrease and then an increase in roots, a continuous decrease in stems, and an increase followed by a continuous decrease in leaves. (3) The flavonoid contents in leaves of sea buckthorn under different levels of stress showed a trend that first increased continuously and then decreased slightly, increased to the highest point after rehydration. The above results indicated that the expression of HrANR gene and the changes of flavonoid content were closely related to the drought resistance of sea buckthorn. The flavonoid content in leaves was positively correlated with drought stress at the beginning of drought stress and negatively correlated with drought stress under severe stress. (4) Leaf expression, stem expression and flavonoid content of HrANR gene were negatively correlated (Pleaf= -0.751, Pstem= -0.934) and root expression was positively correlated with flavonoid content (Proot= 0.444). The above results indicate that the expression of HrANR genes and changes of flavonoid content in sea buckthorn are closely related to drought resistance, and it provides a reference for elucidating the drought resistance mechanism of sea buckthorn.

The annual trading declaration of the electricity market for Kaidu River Cascade Hydropower Station depends on an accurate assessment of their power generation capacity. In order to fully tap the power generation dispatching potential of the hydropower station, rationally declare the annual power generation plan, and guarantee the economic benefits of the hydropower station, it is imperative to carry out research on the power generation dispatching potential of Kaidu River Cascade Hydropower Station. This study focused on Kaidu River Cascade Hydropower Station, aiming to minimize water shortage rates and maximize power generation. A multi-objective optimization dispatching model was created, and it was solved by using an improved NSGA-II algorithm. The model results were compared with simulated dispatching to tap the power generation of optimization dispatching. The results show that: ① Compared with simulation dispatching, optimization dispatching improves output reliability and increases power generation. Under simulation dispatching, the annual average power generation of Kaidu River Cascade Hydropower Station is 1.678 billion kW·h. Optimization dispatching obtains an additional 133 million kW·h (8% increase) in the annual average power generation; ② in different typical years, optimization dispatching has different effects on power generation dispatching potential exploitation of Kaidu River Cascade Hydropower Station, especially in extreme dry years, where the increase is 1.95 times that of normal years and 6.68 times that of extreme wet years. These results provide a decision-making basis for annual trading plan declarations of cascade hydropower stations and ensure the economic benefits of cascade hydropower stations.

ObjectiveTo present the exploration and application of a prospective follow-up research method for acute infectious disease surveillance based on natural community populations， using COVID-19 infection as an example， and to provide a reference for improving the infectious disease surveillance and early warning system.MethodsA multi-stage probability proportional sampling method was employed to sample residents from all communities of 16 administrative districts in Shanghai， with households as the units. A cohort for acute infectious diseases based on natural community populations was established. The baseline survey was conducted for all cohort subjects， and COVID-19 antigen test kits were distributed. From December 21， 2022 to September 30， 2023， prospective follow-up monitoring of COVID-19 antigen and nucleic acid was carried out on the study subjects on a weekly basis. The baseline characteristics and follow-up information of the cohort subjects were described.ResultsThe cohort for acute infectious diseases included a total of 12 881 subjects， comprising 6 098 males （47.3%） and 6 783 females （52.7%）. The baseline survey revealed that 35.2% （4 540/12 881） of the subjects had a history of COVID-19 infection. During the follow-up period from December 21， 2022 to September 30， 2023， the average incidence density in the cohort was 0.61/person-year， with a higher incidence density in females （0.63/person-year） compared to males （0.59/person-year）. Individuals aged 60 and above （0.64/person-year） and those with underlying health conditions （0.67/person-year） had a higher incidence density. Healthcare workers showed a notably higher incidence density （0.84/person-year） than that in other occupational groups. As of September 30， 2023， a total of 340 subjects in the cohort experienced secondary infections， with a median interval of 170 days between the first and second infections.ConclusionThis study applies cohort study method to acute infectious disease surveillance， providing crucial data support for estimating infection rates and forecasting alerts for acute infectious diseases in the community. This method can be promoted and applied as a new approach for acute infectious disease surveillance.

In order to study the effects of different functional strains on alleviating protein oxidation and enhancing flavor in fermented sausage, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum NJAU-01 (LpN), with excellent antioxidant activity, L. plantarum CGMCC 18217 (Lp10), with the ability to improve the flavor of fermented sausage, and Staphylococcus saprophytic CGMCC 3475 (Ss), with high protease activity, were selected for use in a multi-strain starter culture for fermented sausage. The degree of protein degradation and oxidation in fermented sausage during fermentation and the final flavor of the product were evaluated. The results showed that the Lp10 + LpN + Ss starter culture could reduce the degree of protein oxidation in fermented sausage and increase the types and contents of volatile flavor substances, while endowing fermented sausage with better color and improving its texture characteristics, and the fermented product had high sensory scores. This study showed that the combination of Lp10, LpN and Ss could improve the quality and flavor of fermented sausage while delaying the oxidation of protein.

Background At present, polypharmacy is common among residents with high risk of unsafe medication due to the lack of drug reorganization and whole-course drug management. Community pharmacy services provided by community health service centers (CHSC) with regional advantages is in line with its functional orientation, but there is still a large gap between the supply of pharmacy services in CHSCs and the demand of the public. Objective To understand the current situation of community pharmacy services and the integration of pharmacists into family doctor team in Shanghai, as well as the problems faced by community pharmacy services, so as to provide suggestions for promoting the development of community pharmacy services. Methods A combination of qualitative and quantitative research was adopted. In December 2020, a stratified sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 307 pharmacy staff on duty with licensed pharmacist qualification from 29 CHSCs, including 6 in the central urban area, 8 in the near urban area, and 15 in the far urban area. The questionnaire included the basic information of pharmaceutical staff, the development of community pharmacy services, and the participation of community pharmacists in the family doctor team. In the same period, a convenience sampling method was used to invite 29 key insiders, including 11 pharmacy section chiefs, 6 family doctor representatives, 12 community center directors and health commission managers from central urban area, near urban area and far urban area, to conduct a semi-structured focus interview on pharmacy service needs, pharmacy resource allocation and pharmacy service process. Results The quantitative research results showed that the highest proportion of community pharmacists participating in training is 1-2 times〔139 (45.3%) 〕, and the main form of training is continuing education, accounting for 252 (82.1%). The three most frequently conducted pharmacy service projects by community pharmacists are prescription dispensing〔284 (92.5%) 〕, prescription review〔253 (82.4%) 〕, and pharmaceutical window or outpatient consultation guidance〔196 (63.8%) 〕. The three longest service hours occupied by pharmacists are prescription dispensing〔280 (91.2%) 〕, prescription review〔244 (79.5%) 〕, and prescription comment〔145 (47.2%) 〕. A total of 78 (25.4%) pharmacists joined the family doctor team. The qualitative study showed that the elderly residents in the community had a great demand for pharmacy service, but their awareness of rational drug use was weak. In the allocation of community pharmacy resources, the pharmacists are lacjing, the professional quality needs to be improved, the community pharmacy drug list remains uncompleted, and the role of informatization needs to be strengthened. In the process of community pharmacy service, the recognition degree of community pharmacists is not high, with single service content and relatively little targeted training on rational drug use, and pharmacists fail to play a role in the family doctor team. Conclusion At present, the resource allocation and supply capacity of community pharmacy service cannot meet the needs of residents, and the pharmacy service process needs to be improved and optimized. The role played by the only part of pharmacists joining the family doctor team is limited. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the incentive mechanism, clarify the service content and improve the service model.

Online status monitoring and fault recognition of photoelectric composite submarine cables (hereinafter referred to as submarine cables) offers an effective approach for early warning of faults in submarine cables. In order to improve the speed and accuracy of this practice, this paper proposes a submarine cable vibration signal recognition method based on the sparrow search algorithm (SSA) optimized support vector machine (SSA-SVM). Firstly, the submarine cable fault signal was decomposed by the ensemble empirical module decomposition (EEMD) method, allowing for extraction of the kurtosis and energy entropy combination of each component as the training feature set, so as to avoid any potential signal distortion caused by direct noise reduction that may affect the extraction of target features. Then, the SSA was used to optimize the penalty factor and kernel function parameters of the SVM, thereby improving the recognition accuracy. Finally, through the submarine cable vibration signal simulation system based on Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA), 500 groups of submarine cable vibration signals under anchor smashing, erosion and friction conditions were obtained, and 3 types of noisy signals were decomposed by EEMD, to extract the feature data set of each component, in which 80% is taken as the training set, and the remaining 20% as the test set. The EEMD-SSA-SVM algorithm proposed in this paper was compared with the EEMD-PSO-SVM and SVM algorithms. The results show that the EEMD-SSA-SVM algorithm exhibits higher accuracy and superior optimization ability. Specifically, the accuracy of the test set reaches 95%, surpassing that achieved by other algorithm models.

Objective To examine the differences in therapy response and confirm the effective regimen for multiple myeloma (MM) patients with t (11; 14)/CD20- or CD20+, for the selection of transplantation as early treatment. Methods To find the differences in therapy response and to confirm the effective regimen for multiple myeloma (MM) patients with t (11; 14)/CD20- or CD20+, for the selection of transplantation as the early treatment. There were three cytogenetics groups: t(11; 14)/CD20- or CD20+ and low-risk profile including normal or cytogenetics other than t (11; 14). Eligible patients received the bortezomib-based induction and lenalidomide-based consolidation/maintenance regimen. Results Patients with t(11;14) gained adverse therapy response for bortezomib induction regimen than other low-risk arm (OR rate: 11.1% versus 84.0% versus 85.2%, P＜0.01). A prospective found that although the patients with t(11;14)/CD20- showed the poor overall response for the bortezomib-based regimen, lenalidomide-based treatment schedule makes them gain a similar therapy advantage comparing with t(11;14)/ CD20+ and other low-risk group in the study The subgroup analyses of progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival(OS) by continued lenalidomide-based consolidation/maintenance treatment also showed a benefit for lenalidomide therapy compared with observation regardless of cytogenetic risk profile and response at baseline (PFS at 4 years reached 75.0% versus 77.1% versus 84.2%, OS at 4 years was 75.0% versus 88.5% versus 90.4%, respectively). Moreover, the lenalidomide regimen little induced the incidence of fatal complications and was tolerated. There were only 3.2%, 8.4% and 15.8% patients had agranulocytosis, peripheral neuropathy and infection of 3-4 grade. Conclusions Lenalidomide regimen is more effective for t (11, 14)/ CD20- risk MM and t(11;14)/CD20+ and other cytogenetically low-risk MM are consistent in PFS and OS. In addition, the initial response rate of MM patients with unsatisfactory bortezomib treatment can also be improved.

BackgroundBeing complex and highly heterogeneous with regard to the etiology and clinical manifestations of depression， neuroimaging studies make a breakthrough for exploring the biological subtypes of depression， while the current data-driven approach for the identification of subtyping depression using structural magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） data is insufficient.ObjectiveTo explore the biological subtypes of depression using diffusion tensor imaging （DTI） and machine learning methods.MethodsA total of 127 patients with depression who attended Beijing Anding Hospital from September 2017 to August 2021 and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fourth edition （DSM-IV） diagnostic criteria were included， and another 80 healthy individuals matched for gender and age were recruited through advertisements in surrounding communities during the same period. DTI findings， demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected from all participants. Tract-based spatial statistics （TBSS） and the Johns Hopkins University （JHU） white matter probability maps were used to extract fractional anisotropy （FA） values of white matter tracts. A semi-supervised machine learning technique was used to identify the subtypes， and the FA values for whole brain white matter of patients and controls were compared.ResultsPatients with depression were classified into two biological subtypes. FA values in multiple tracts including corpus callosum and corona radiata of subtype I patients were smaller than those of healthy controls （P0.05）， while subtype I patients scored lower on HAMD-17 than subtype II patients after 12 weeks of treatment （t=2.410， P

In this paper, based on the research background of recovering uranium from wet-process phosphoric acid(WPA) by amino phosphonate acid chelating resin, the distribution of uranium in single particle amino phosphonate chelating resin was studied. The results show that the optimal laser frequency of LA-ICP-MS is determined to be 6 Hz, the beam spot diameter is 44 μm, and the energy density is 6 J/cm2. The resin with saturated adsorption and the resin with complete elution were selected as the external standard of the adsorption and leaching process, and the homogeneity test was carried out. The relative standard deviation of uranium content in the resin with saturated adsorption and the resin with complete elution are 3.87% and 3.52%(n=9), respectively. Uniformity is good. In situ microzone analysis of uranium in amino phosphonic acid chelating resin was carried out by LA-ICP-MS. The adsorption process of uranium on the resin is gradually completed from the outside to the inside, and the leaching process is gradually completed from the outside to the inside, and the concentration of uranium inside and outside the resin is gradually uniform and unified, and finally reaches adsorption saturation and leaching complete.

Background In China, schizophrenia patients have a high demand for basic medical care, but irrational healthcare-seeking behaviors among them may cause a waste of health resources. So relevant policies have been promulgated to improve the ensuring of healthcare and reasonably guide schizophrenia patients to seek medical care. The current research on policy factors and healthcare-seeking behaviors has rarely addressed the association between mental health policies and healthcare-seeking behaviors of patients with schizophrenia. Objective To analyze the influence of policy factors on healthcare-seeking behaviors in schizophrenia patients, to understand the status and outcome of health service utilization in this group under the guidance of basic medical insurance policies and mental health policies, providing empirical evidence for policy improvement. Methods In November 2019, we obtained a sample of 2 314 schizophrenic individuals with valid key data by matching the personal data in the three-level psychiatric prevention and treatment network system in a district of Chongqing in 2018, with information related to personal health service utilization in the district obtained from the medical insurance information platform of Chongqing Human Resources and Social Security Bureau. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted with healthcare-seeking behaviors and the medical institution chosen for treatment as explained variables, participation in basic medical insurance (including basic medical insurance for rural and urban non-working residents or basic medical insurance for urban employees, and reimbursement for medical cost due to special outpatient diseases) and mental health policy coverage (involving community rehabilitation services, guardianship subsidy, subsidy from the local disability federation, subsidy from the 686 program, and free second-generation antipsychotics, and the mental disability certificate) as key explanatory variables, and patients' demographic characteristics as control variables. Results Of the participants, 1 915 (82.76%) had medical visits, including 1 482 seeking outpatient treatment, and 795 seeking inpatient treatment. Among those seeking outpatient treatment, the prevalence of choosing primary, secondary and tertiary care institutions was 17.01% (252/1 482), 72.87% (1 080/1 482), and 10.12% (150/1 482), respectively. And the prevalence of choosing primary, secondary and tertiary care institutions for inpatient treatment was 4.78% (38/795), 65.16% (518/795), and 30.06% (239/795), respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the type of basic medical insurance, reimbursement for medical cost due to special outpatient diseases, receiving community rehabilitation services, enrolment in the 686 program and involvement in the free second-generation antipsychotics program were factors associated with healthcare-seeking behaviors (P

BackgroundThe use of controlled X-ray sources instead of 137Cs radioactive sources in density logging has become a new trend. The intensity of the X-ray source is substantially influenced by the high voltage on the target substrate, and the density measurement uncertainty can be maintained at 0.01 g·cm-3 when the high voltage is 350 kV.PurposeThis study aims to analyze the parameters of the shielding material and thickness suitable for the 350 kV high-voltage X-ray density logging instrument.MethodsThe Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the energy spectrum and counting rate of X-rays passing through different materials and thicknesses. By comparing the correlation between the 0~0.15 MeV and 0.15~0.35 MeV energy windows, the reasons for the difference between the X-ray attenuation and detector count rate in different energy windows were determined. In addition, combined with the actual instrument model construction of the four-detector X-ray density logging instrument, the influence of the three parts of particles on the detector was primarily considered. The placement mode and optimal thickness of each part of the shield for detectors were analyzed and designed using Monte Carlo N-particle (MCNP) simulation.ResultsThe simulation results show that the attenuation of X-rays in high- and low-energy windows increases with increase of atomic number and thickness of shielding materials. When tungsten nickel iron alloy is selected as the shielding material for the four-detector X-ray density logging instrument model, the suitable thickness of the shield between the base and the near-source detector is 1.75 cm. Meanwhile, to maintain the high voltage of X-ray generator at 350 kV, a shield layer with a thickness of 0.2 cm is placed between each detector, and a shield layer with a thickness of 0.35 cm is added to the back of the detector.ConclusionsThis study provides the design theory and key parameters for shielding materials and structures in the development of X-ray density logging tool.

Due to the lack of domestic 980 nm pump laser design experience and production process, the key technology of high power 980 nm pumped laser to break through. In this paper, a 980 nm pump laser with 400 mW output power has been successfully developed by using a domestic solution, including the design and implementation of chips, gratings and coupling fibers. By using the all metallized package directly coupled with wedge-shaped fiber and selecting the double grating structure for wavelength locking, the wavelength stability of the 980 nm pumped laser with 400 mW output power in the operating temperature range of -50~75 ℃ can reach 0.01 nm/ ℃. Moreover the 980 nm pump laser has passed the 800 mA charge aging at 75 ℃ for more than 5 000 h. This has laid a foundation for the research of domestic pump lasers with high reliability.

Objective To study the mechanism of learning and memory impairment in aged female mice caused by chronic stress. Methods Twenty-month-old ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups: control females, control males, stressed females, and stressed males. Chronic stress was applied to the stress group for 30 days. The learning and memory ability was measured by novel object recognition test and Morris water maze test. Damage to hippocampal neurons was observed with Nissl staining, and dendrites of hippocampal neurons were observed with Golgi-Cox staining microscopy, the expression of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p-mTOR in hippocampal tissue was measured by Western blot, and the level of serum corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) was measured by ELISA. Results There was a significant decrease in the learning and memory ability only in the stressed female group after applied stress. In the Morris water maze, after a 6-day swimming training, the escape latency decreased in the control female group, the control male group and in the stressed male group(P＜0.001, P＜0.001, P＜0.05), but not in the stressed female group. The swimming speed was consistent across groups, but the number of platform crossings and the number of target quadrant crossings were significantly lower in the stressed female group than those in the control female and stressed male groups(P＜0.001).There was significant damage to neurons in the hippocampal CA3, CA1, and DG regions of mice in the stressed female group. The expression of hippocampal m-TOR and p-mTOR protein was significantly decreased in the stressed female group of mice(P＜0.05). In addition, chronic stress caused a significant increase in serum CRH levels in aged female mice(P＜0.05). Conclusions Chronic stress caused learning and memory impairment and pathological damage of the hippocampus in aged female mice, but not in aged male mice, which may be related to a fact that chronic stress elevates CRH and inhibits the hippocampal m-TOR signaling pathway in aged female mice.

Tooth surface pitting is one of the main faults of helical gear. A large number of experimental data are needed for the diagnosis of pitting corrosion faults on different tooth surfaces and different degrees. Therefore, a method combining simulation and experiment is proposed to identify the degree and quantity of pitting corrosion on helical gear tooth surface. The envelope spectrum analysis of dynamic response signals is carried out, and the characteristic response laws of different pitting fault types in time domain and frequency domain are obtained. Through the characteristic analysis of the vibration signal of gear contact fatigue experiment, the accuracy of the dynamic model of helical gear pitting corrosion fault is verified. The results show that the gear pitting fault dynamic model can diagnose and identify the pitting corrosion degree of single tooth surface and multi tooth surface, and provide a diagnostic basis for transmission gear fault diagnosis and health prediction.

The pipeline design is one of the important contents of coal preparation plant design. At present, pipeline of coal preparation plant mainly depends on the manual design, which is difficult, time-consuming and difficult to guarantee the quality of pipeline layout. When A* algorithm is applied to the automatic layout of three-dimensional pipeline in coal preparation plant, the searched path does not meet the requirements of pipeline design. In order to solve the above problems, an automatic pipeline layout method for coal preparation plant based on optimized A* algorithm is proposed. Based on the pipeline layout rules of coal preparation plant, the layout space model of coal preparation plant is established. The grid and numerical processing are carried out on the layout space model. Aiming at the problem that the path searched by the A* algorithm has excessive bending, the evaluation function of the A* algorithm is optimized. To solve the problem of the slow search speed of the A* algorithm, dynamic weight are introduced into the evaluation function. Aiming at the problem that the pipeline path searched by the A* algorithm after the above optimization will bypass the required equipment, the direction-oriented strategy is introduced to improve the engineering practicability of pipeline layout. To improve the A* algorithm's operation efficiency, the Open table's array structure is replaced with the minimum binary heap structure. The simulation result shows the following points. ① After optimizing the evaluation function of the A* algorithm, the bending times of the pipeline path are reduced by about 80%. The ben is right angle, which accords with the actual situation of the pipeline layout in the coal preparation plant. After introducing the dynamic weight, the operation efficiency is improved and the path quality can be guaranteed. ② The path length of the pipeline before and after the direction-oriented strategy is introduced has no change. The lengths meet the basic constraint rule of the pipeline layout of the coal preparation plant. After the introduction of the direction-oriented strategy, the pipeline is more likely to be planned near the equipment with specific requirements for the pipeline. And the pipeline has a tendency to be arranged side by side. This indicates that the pipeline layout after the introduction of the direction-oriented strategy meets the requirements of the optimal overall layout, and is more consistent with the coal preparation engineering application. ③ The efficiency of A* algorithm after Open table optimization is improved obviously. The longer the pipeline path and the more obstacles in the middle, the more significant the efficiency improvement of the A* algorithm. The software system of automatic pipeline layout in the coal preparation plant is designed and developed. The application example of the optimized A* algorithm is verified. The results show that the optimized A* algorithm improves the efficiency and quality of piping design in the coal preparation plant, and has better visibility.

Education is the first step toward revitalizing the rural. The rational allocation of rural compulsory education resources is an important means of achieving comprehensive social development and urban-rural integration. This study used the Densi-Graph urban and rural identification method method to accurately identify urban and rural areas at the grid scale within the administrative division. Taking the rural area of Chongqing as an example, based on resource coverage, environmental constraints, and accessibility, this study explored the spatial differences in compulsory education resource availability. A spatial regression model and geographical detector were used to determine the main influencing factors. In order to provide data support and decision-making reference for the availability of rural compulsory education resources and spatial optimization of schools. The results show that the following: First, there is a significant difference between urban and rural areas based on the Densi-Graph urban-rural identification method, with the rural area of Chongqing reaching 79,752 km2, accounting for 96.82% of the total area; the urban area is 2,616 km2, accounting for only 3.18% of the total area, and is concentrated in the central city. There are significant circle layer increasing characteristics in the distribution of rural areas. From the central urban area to the periphery, the proportion of urban areas gradually decrease, and the proportion of rural areas gradually increase. The proportion of rural areas in the central urban area is 80.12%; the area of rural areas in the pioneering development areas of the same city, important strategic pivot cities, and bridgehead cities account for 95.81%, 96.32%, and 97.04%, respectively, which are higher in southeast and northeast Chongqing. Second, the availability of compulsory education resources in Chongqing has obvious spatial agglomeration and spatial correlation characteristics. High-level areas are clustered around the central urban area and scattered in the central area of the townships. Low-level areas are concentrated in backward mountainous areas, such as Chengkou, Wushan, and Pengshui. Specifically, high-level resource coverage areas are in a point-like agglomeration state in northeast and southeast Chongqing. The polarization of accessibility is significant. High-level areas only appear around the central urban area, while low-level areas are widely distributed in the west, northeast, and southeast of Chongqing. The degree of environmental constraint varies with terrain, and the spatial differences are small. A small number of low-level regions are concentrated at the junction of Chengkou, Kaixian, and Wuxi, with large terrain fluctuations. Overall, the availability level of compulsory education resources in rural areas of Chongqing shows a spatial difference pattern of decrease from the urban center to the periphery. Third, the degree of government attention, level of social and economic development, level of transportation facilities, and natural geographical environment are all related to the availability of compulsory education resources, but the degree of influence varies. Location dominance, slope, and topographic relief are negative factors, whereas the remaining factors play a positive role. Fourth, regional socioeconomic development affects the distribution of regional compulsory education resource points and investment in compulsory education, which is the basis for affecting the availability of resources. Public transport routes and traffic site density are key indicators affecting the availability of compulsory education resources, and there is significant interaction between social and economic development and education investment. Guaranteeing investment in education, optimizing the distribution of compulsory education points, and strengthening public transportation are equivalent to providing financial support and government attention. These are at the core of guaranteeing improvement in the level of availability of compulsory education resources in rural areas.

To investigate the effect of nitrogen on soil nutrients and microbial communities in peanut field with wheat straw returning under wheat peanut rotation mode, four nitrogen levels (N: 0, 45, 90, and 180 kg/hm²) were set to study the soil nutrient content, soil enzyme activity, soil bacterial community structure and diversity during podding stage. The results showed that under the same nitrogen level, straw returning increased soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity in peanut field at pod setting stage. Compared to the corresponding nitrogen level, the increase of total nitrogen content and total carbon content in soil with straw returning were 12.8%-23.1% and 20.9% -35.4% respectively, and the increase of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content were all higher than 48.3%. Wheat straw returning also affected the relative abundance of bacteria in phylum level and the function of bacteria. Under wheat straw returning conditions, the soil microbial carbon and nitrogen content, soil enzyme activity, and peanut yield all showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of nitrogen application rate. Under 45 kg/hm² nitrogen level, the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content were highest, the activities of invertase and cellulase were highest, the soil bacterial richness index was high, and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria was most affected by wheat straw returning. Addition, there was no significant difference in soil total nitrogen, total carbon content, and peanut yield between 45 and 90 kg/hm2 nitrogen level. Correlation analysis showed that the composition of soil bacterial community of each treatment was affected by the soil total nitrogen, total carbon, ammonium nitrogen, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content. The results indicate that wheat straw returning and nitrogen application not only affect the soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity, but also affect the composition of soil bacterial community during peanut pod setting stage. Under the condition of wheat straw returning, the nitrogen application of 45 kg/hm² can not only ensure stable peanut yield, but also increase the microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content in soil during the pod setting stage and improve the soil micro ecological environment. Therefore, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application can be reduced in the production of peanut with wheat straw returning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The effects of green manure on soil physical properties of dryland winter wheat field were investigated in order to provide scientific basis for its popularization in dry farming area of Loess Plateau. [Methods] Based on a 4-year winter wheat field experiment, the effects of planting Changwu soybean, Sudan grass, soybean/Sudan grass mixture and control with no cover crop (CK) on bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, and aggregation in the cultivated soil layer at 0—20 cm depth during the harvest of dry winter wheat were studied in the Loess Plateau. [Results] At 0—10 cm depths, compared with CK, Sudan grass and mixture treatment significantly decreased soil bulk density. Soybean, Sudan grass and mixture treatment significantly increased soil capillary porosity, total porosity, saturated water capacity, capillary water holding capacity, the proportion of large aggregates (> 5 mm), and aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD) (p

In order to accurately identify mine microseismic signals, this paper proposes a VGG4-CNN deep learning network model suitable for identifying mine microseismic signals. The model is written in Python language and built based on the PyTorch deep learning network architecture framework. Based on the time-domain characteristics of the microseismic signals of 9 types of events such as rock fracture, blasting operations, and background noise in the mine production process, VGG4-CNN has realized the supervised learning training and classification recognition application of 3 835 sets of mine microseismic signal data. The research results show that the recognition accuracy of the VGG4-CNN neural network constructed in this paper is as high as 94 %. This model does not require denoising of the original waveform signal and is more robust than other models. The implementation can be performed by a medium-level GPU to meet engineering requirements.

Several equipment clamps of main transformer in a nuclear power company were broken. Taking samples from the broken equipment clamps and the same batch of spare equipment clamps, the fracture causes were analyzed through macroscopic inspection, penetrant testing, metallographic analysis, micro morphology testing, crimping quality testing, conductivity testing and XRD testing. The main reason for the fracture is that the equipment clamp bears all kinds of stress under the condition of insufficient strength and performance degradation, and finally cracks appear at the weakest part of the weld, forming fracture. In order to avoid the occurrence of similar accidents, it is suggested to strengthen the metal supervision and strictly control the quality of the access equipment.

ObjectiveBy comparing some key factors in generating bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic mice, such as the background of strains, the concentration of the BAC DNA used for injection, the size of the BAC DNA, and the storage time of the BAC DNA injection, to optimize the generation of BAC transgenic mice.MethodsThe same procedure of BAC DNA preparation was used with two mouse strains, i.e. C57BL/6J and FVB/N to produce embryos; four concentrations of DNA for injection (0.75, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 ng/µL, respectively) were utilized to microinject into the embryos. The size of BAC DNA fragment and the time from BAC preparation to injection were recorded, and the birth rate and positive rate of transgenic mice were compared.ResultsThe positive rate of transgenic mice with FVB/N background was higher than that of C57BL/6J background (P < 0.05). When different concentrations of BAC DNA were adopted, the birth rates of C57BL/6J and FVB/N mice from high to low were 0.75 ng/µL>1.5 ng/µL>1.0 ng/µL>2.0 ng/µL. When the injection concentration was 1.5 ng/µL, the positive rates transgenic mice in C57BL/6J and FVB/N newborns were the highest, while the positive rate was 0 in C57BL/6J newborns when the injection concentration was 0.75 ng/µL and 2.0 ng/µL. When different concentrations of BAC DNA were adopted, the positive rate of transgenic mice in FVB/N newborns from high to low was 1.5 ng/µL>1.0 ng/µL>2.0 ng/µL>0.75 ng/µL. When the BAC fragment size was 197 kb, the mice birth rate was highest at (22.49±9.41)%, and when the fragment size was 99 kb, the birth rate was lowest at (13.61±15.65)%. When the BAC fragment was 197 kb, the transgenic mice had the highest positive rate of (13.56±12.88)%, extremely significantly higher than that for 114 kb (P < 0.01) and significantly higher than that for 99 kb (P < 0.05). The storage time of BAC injection was not linearly associated with the positive rate of transgenic mice.ConclusionCompared with C57BL/6J, mice with FVB/N background appear more suitable for the generation of BAC transgenic mice. When the concentration of BAC DAN injection is 1.5 ng/µL, the positive rate of transgenic mice is the highest. BAC fragment size is not a constraining factor for positive transgenic mice. The highest efficiency is expected when the BAC DNA is injected within one week after preparation.

Telomerase reverse transcriptase is a subunit of telomerase, which plays an important role in activating telomerase and regulating cell cycle. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT) is mainly expressed in germ cells, embryonic stem cells and tumor cells, only a few expressed in normal cell. hTERT is mainly located in nucleus and also distributed in mitochondria. hTERT migration from nucleus into mitochondria is called the mitochondrial translocation of hTERT. Mitochondrial translocation of hTERT functions in the process of apoptosis, immortalization and drug resistance. Control of hTERT is a potential breakthrough in the treatment of diseases.

BackgroundAccurately calculating the borehole size and standoff between the tool and borehole wall is the premise for correcting the effect of the borehole environment and improving measurement precision in logging while drilling (LWD).PurposeThis study aims to obtain an accurate calculation method for the standoff size of LWD.MethodsFirstly, the theoretical relationship of the standoff was derived based on the broad-beam γ-ray attenuation model for azimuth density LWD. Then, Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code (MCNP) was employed for simulation, and results were benchmarked according to experimental tool data. By analyzing the influence of standoff, mud and formation density, and other factors on the detector response, an accurate standoff calculation formula was derived. Finally, logging curves were drawn using the CIFLog platform and the calculated standoff results were compared with the measured ultrasonic results, hence to verify the accuracy of the proposed standoff calculation method.ResultsThe calculated standoff results in the simulation are fundamentally consistent with the theoretical value. The calculation result using measured data processing is in approximate agreement with the ultrasonic standoff, and the calculated calipers have good correspondence with the wireline well diameter. The proposed method provides accurate measurement even when the standoff is small and ultrasonic standoff measurement is abnormal. The applicable range of standoff calculation based on azimuthal density LWD is 0~3.81 cm.ConclusionsThe broad-beam γ-ray attenuation based standoff calculation method for density LWD complements to larger range ultrasonic measurements to provide key parameters for borehole correction for LWD tools.

BackgroundThe use of controlled X-ray sources instead of 137Cs radioactive sources in density logging has become a new trend. The high voltage on the target substrate significantly affects the intensity of the X-ray source, and the density measurement uncertainty can be maintained at 0.01 g∙cm-3 when the high voltage is 350 kV.PurposeThis study aims to examine the depth-of-investigation characteristics and influence of a 350-kV high-voltage X-ray density logging instrument.MethodsThe depth of investigation of various source distance detectors in 20% water-bearing limestone formation was studied using the Monte Carlo method. By comparing the investigation characteristics of 350-kV high-voltage X-ray source and 137Cs source density logging, the reasons for the differences in the depth of investigation among them were analyzed. Moreover, the contribution of mudcake and formation to the detector and the density deviations of various detectors were analyzed via simulation. Finally, the influence of mudcake on the density logging response of the well wall was explored.ResultsThe results indicate that the depth of investigation of X-ray density logging instrument increases with the augment of source distance. Compared to the 137Cs source density logging, the scattered particles of the X-ray density logging are mainly concentrated at 1~3 cm from the bore wall, resulting in the depth-of-investigation differences between the two techniques. Furthermore, the contributions of mudcake and formation to different source distance detectors are different, and the detector density deviation decreases with the increase in source distance.ConclusionsThis study affords a theoretical basis for the depth-of-investigation characteristics and influence of 350-kV high-voltage X-ray density logging.

The microstructure and mechanical properties of different heat-treated K4169 alloys after standard heat treatment (SHT), hot isostatic pressing + standard heat treatment (HIP + SHT) and hot isostatic pressing + heat treatment without homogenization (HIP + HTWH) were compared. The feasibility of heat treatment without homogenization of K4169 alloy after HIP was analyzed. A suitable heat treatment system for casting K4169 alloy was proposed. The results on microstructure show that the hot isostatic pressing (1170 °C/140 MP/4 h) can basically eliminate the Laves phase and δ phase of the alloy. Compared with the alloys after HIP + SHT, discontinuous short rod-like δ phase is existed at some grain boundaries of the sample without homogenization heat treatment (HIP + HTWH), which has no substantial influence on the uniformity of microstructure. The results on mechanical properties show that compared with the alloys after SHT, the yield strength at room temperature of alloys after HIP + SHT and HIP + HTWH is increased by 73 MPa and 91 MPa, and the stress-rupture life (704 °C / 448 MPa) is increased by 35% and 32% respectively. Although the dispersion of stress-rupture life and plasticity for alloys after HIP + HTWH are higher than that of HIP + SHT, the mechanical properties meet the requirements of AMS5383 for K4169 alloy. The HIP+HTWH heat treatment process has the practical application potential for K4169 alloy structure by comprehensive analysis of various factors such as reduction of process cost, the increase of production efficiency and the improvement of mechanical properties.

Y3+ : CaF2 powders were synthesized by chemical coprecipitation method, and transparent ceramics were fabricated by vacuum hot pressing sintering method. Characteristics of the as-synthesized powders were investigated by XRD, SEM and TEM techniques, the relationship between microstructure and transmittance of transparent ceramics were also analyzed. Crystal structures of as-synthesized Y3+ : CaF2 powders belong to single fluorite phase. With the Y3+ doping content increases, the average particles sizes decrease and the lattice constants increase from 5.452 1 Å to 5.465 5 Å. The 5% Y3+ :CaF2 transparent ceramics sintered at 900 °C for 3 h exhibits the highest transmittance, and the transmittance at 500 and 1 500 nm are 73. 1% and 86.4%, respectively. Microstructure of ceramics are modified by the Y3+ doping content and sintering temperatures. For a low growth velocity, it is not easy to eliminate the residual pores, while for a higher growth velocity, residual pores are easily embedded within grains. Both cases will reduce the transmittance of transparent ceramics. This work provides a reference for the preparation of high-quality composite CaF2 transparent ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article evaluates β-nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) from two dimensions of safety and efficacy, and provides a basis for its application in cosmetics. Safety was assessed by the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model and human skin patch test, which showed that NMN had high safety at 1% concentration with no irritation. An inflammation model was established by LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and the inhibition rate of inflammatory mediator NO was 16.86% at 0.003% concentration of NMN (p<0.000 1). In addition, the photo-damage model was also established by UVB irradiation of HFF-1 cells, and the up-regulation rate of type I collagen was 45.19% at 0.005% concentration (p<0.05). Clinical efficacy tests revealed that after 28 days of use containing 1% NMN, skin rebound time decreased significantly by 18.14%, which showed a significant difference compared with the control sample (p<0.05). It indicated that this component had a firming effect, but there were no significant differences in wrinkle length or skin moisture changes. In conclusion, NMN is a safe functional ingredient for cosmetics with anti-inflammatory properties and promoting type I collagen synthesis while providing a tightening effect on the skin. As a functional component of cosmetics, NMN has good application value and prospect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shape design of arch dams requires consideration of multiple complex factors, such as the shape of the valley at the dam site, engineering geological conditions, regional seismic intensity, hub layout, and flood discharge methods. Therefore, the shape design of arch dams is a typical complex optimization problem. In this paper, a general parametric design method of arch dam shape is proposed, which can describe all kinds of arch dams such as parabola and hyperbola. By fixing the position of the arch end and adjusting the position, shape, and thickness of the arch crown beam to drive the shape change of the arch dam, automatic modeling and finite element stress deformation calculation of the arch dam are achieved. Taking the minimum volume of the arch dam as the optimization objective, intelligent optimization of the arch dam shape is carried out under constraints such as geometry, stress, and stability. Using this method to optimize the shape of a high arch dam, the optimization efficiency is high and the optimization effect is obvious. The stress of the optimized arch dam body and the equivalent stress of the foundation surface meet the requirements of the specifications, and the flexibility coefficient and stress level also meet the indicators recommended by experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the preparation of ultra-early strength grouting material without external early-strength additives to meet the 6 h compressive strength of not less than 30 MPa, sulfur-aluminate cement (SAC) was used to replace part of the ordinary Portland cement, and the optimal content of SAC was explored. On this basis, the one-factor test and orthogonal test of silica fume, microbeads and redispersible emulsion powder were carried out to study the effects on the fluidity, and physical properties of ultraearly strength grouting material, as well as SEM micro-mechanism analysis. The test results show that; with the increase of SAC doping, the flexural and compressive strength of ultra-early strength grouting material were first increased and then decreased, and the optimal doping is 35%; on this basis, single doping of silica fume, microbeads and redispersible emulsion powder, the flexural and compressive strength of ultra-early strength grouting material were first increased and then decreased, with the optimal doping of silica fume at 7.5%, the optimal doping of microbeads at 1%, and the optimal doping of redispersible emulsion powder at 1%. For the orthogonal test of silica fume, microbeads and redispersible emulsion powder, the optimal content of the three is 5%, 5% and 0.5%, respectively; through SEM characterization of microscopic features, when hydrated for 6 h, the cementitious material also has high densification and compactness, which meet the compressive strength requirement of 30 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reveal the changing patterns of physicochemical indexes, active substances and microbial growth during liquid fermentation of medicinal black beans by Bacillus subtilis, the changes of microbial growth curves, pH, proteins, polysaccharides, reducing sugars, total phenolics, total flavonoids and isoflavone of black beans were determined during the fermentation process. Compared to black bean water extracts, the antioxidant ability of medicinal black bean ferments were comprehensively evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay and zebrafish embryonic ROS scavenging assay. The results showed that Bacillus subtilis entered the logarithmic growth stage after being cultured for 8 h and the pH of black bean ferments increased rapidly from 8~28 h stage. The protein content of the ferments firstly exhibited a decrease from 6.44 mg/mL to 5.66 mg/mL and increased constantly to 5.99 mg/mL accompanied by the proliferation and metabolism of the microorganisms. The polysaccharide content of the ferments decrxeased rapidly from 913.03 mg/L to 105.85 mg/L at the period of 0~24 h and then slowly decreased to 100.01 mg/L. The reducing sugar content increased from 0.44 mg/mL to a peak of 4.38 mg/mL and then rapidly decreased and finally leveled off. The levels of total phenols and total flavonoids of black beans were greatly enriched by Bacillus subtilis, especially the total phenols increased from 238.22 mg/L to 736.61 mg/L with an elevation of 209.21% and the total flavonoids increased from 172.22 mg/L to 495.30 mg/L with a maximum promotion of 187.60%. Seven soy isoflavone glycosyl groups were all hydrolyzed into three soy aglycones including daidzein, glycitein and genistein which were obviously accumulated, especially the content of genistein was up to (530.07 ± 0.66) μg/g. The results of antioxidant activity assay showed that 10% medicinal black bean ferments had 99.42% DPPH radical scavenging rate and 100.06% ABTS radical scavenging rate, respectively. Whereas the scavenging rates of the two free radicals in 10% black bean aqueous extract were only 70.81% and 41.89%. Finally in the results of 24 hpf zebrafish embryos ROS scavenging assay, the black bean fermentation at amount of 0.01%, 0.1% and 1% all exhibited higher ROS scavenging rates than black bean water extracts in a dose-dependent relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To evaluation the uncertainty of determination of methamidophos residues in vegetable oil by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.[Methods] A vegetable oil sample was detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the recovery rate was determined at the same time. By analyzing the sources of uncertainty in the experimental process, the measurement uncertainty was ultimately evaluated.[Results] The residue amount of methamidophos in olive oil samples was not detected, and the uncertainty of the accuracy 1 sample was evaluated, The results were (0.018±0.010) mg/kg. [Conclusion] In the uncertainty measurement process of methamidophos residue in vegetable oil, the influence of standard curve fitting, ultra-high liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and standard working solution is relatively large, while the influence of sample weighing, sample pretreatment, and sample repeatability determination is relatively small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of hidden hunger is a common challenge facing the world. In recent years, China has actively responded to the problem of hidden hunger, and the problem of hidden hunger has been significantly improved. The article summarizes the concept and connotation of hidden hunger, the current situation of hidden hunger in various countries around the world, the important measures and achievements of China in dealing with hidden hunger, and the challenges still facing, and puts forward suggestions on countermeasures in the future, aiming at better promoting the realization of nutrition and health for all people and common prosperity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black wheat bran is by-products of the black wheat processing， which is rich in many physiological active substances， including anthocyanins， phenolic acids and dietary fiber. In this study， the antioxidant activity of black wheat bran was extracted with different solvents and its antioxidant capacity was evaluated.The results showed that the dry matter yield of 75% ethanol extract was the highest， which was 10.72%. The content of total phenol extracted by 50% ethanol extract was the highest， which was 2.9 mg/ 100 mL. The scavenging power of DPPH was the strongest in 50% ethanol extract， and the antioxidant extraction capacity of DPPH was the strongest in 75% ethanol extract. 75% acetone extract had the strongest scavenging effect on ABTS， and 75% methanol extract had the strongest antioxidant extraction effect on ABTS. Therefore， the antioxidant capacities of different solvent extracts are different， and the comprehensive comparison shows that 50% ethanol is more suitable for the extraction of antioxidant active components from black wheat bran.

Objective To explore the application effect of functional dressings in the nursing of pressure injuries, and to provide evidence-based basis for the nursing of pressure injuries. Methods Computer search for randomized controlled trials on the effects of functional dressings in nursing of pressure injury in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, WOS, CNKI, Wanfang Data and VIP databases, screened and included the literature, and the search time limit was from the establishment of the database to June 2020. Two reviewers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and quality evaluation in accordance with Cochrane quality evaluation standards, and then used RevMan 5. 3 software for Meta analysis. Results Totally 17 articles were included, with a total of 1206 patients. The results of Meta analysis showed that functional dressings were superior to the control group in terms of nursing satisfaction, healing status, and healing time except for the number of dressing changes (P

Objective To investigate the effect of co-expression plasmid of MBD2 and VSVM on the proliferation of lung cancer cells and its chemotaxis on DC cells in vitro. Methods MTT assay was used to observe the proliferation inhibition rate of lung cancer LL/2 cells after plasmid transfection in each group. Cell morphological changes were observed by PI fluorescence staining. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-PE/7-AAD double staining. MBD2 activity was observed by DC chemotaxis experiments. Results pVSVM group, pVSVM+pMBD2 co-transfection group and pVSVM-MBD2 double expression plasmid transfection group significantly inhibited the proliferation of LL/2 cells, compared with liposome transfection group; and the cell morphology changed obviously. The cell apoptosis rates of blank control group and pMBD2 transfection group were lower, while those in other transfection groups were significantly increased, and the double expression plasmid had stronger apoptosis induction effect. pMBD2 had a good chemotactic effect on DC. Conclusion The co-expression plasmid of β-defensin-2 and vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of lung cancer cell line LL/2, and has the chemotactic ability of DC cells activity in vitro.

Objective To prepare 3D-printed porous materials of titanium alloy by electron beaming melting (EBM) and to confirm its biosafety to osteoblasts (OB). Methods Three topological structures of titanium alloy porous materials (2.0 mm, 2.25 mm and 2.5 mm Dode-Medium structure) were prepared by 3D printing technology. The extracts of titanium alloy porous materials were collected at multiple time points (24,48,72,96 h) and used for in vitro culture of osteoblasts cell line MC3T3-E1. The relative growth rate (RGR) of osteoblasts was cal-culated by MTT test. The morphological observation of osteoblasts was performed by HE staining. The activity of ALP was determined for analyzing the differentiate capacity of osteoblasts. The expressional level of Col Ⅰ in osteoblasts was assessed by immunofluorescence staining. Results Following incubation with extracts of titanium alloy porous materials, the osteoblasts were found to adhere and proliferate actively. There was no significant difference in the RGR of osteoblasts between extract group and the negative control group of DMEM. However, the RGR of osteoblasts increased significantly in extract groups compared with that in the positive control group of DMSO (P＜0.01). The cytotoxic degree of osteoblasts in extract groups was all less than or equal to 1. There was no significant difference in the level of ALP and Col Ⅰ of osteoblasts between extract groups and the negative control group of DMEM. However, the level of ALP and Col Ⅰ of osteoblasts enhanced significantly in extract groups compared with that in the positive control group of DMSO (P＜0.01). Conclusions The extracts of titanium alloy materials do not affect the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in vitro that confirmed its biosafety.

Objectives Aiming at the formation control of multiple vessels in an intermittent communication environment, a coordinated formation control law based on the backstepping method is proposed, and sufficient conditions for formation given to ensure robustness.Methods First, the backstepping method is used to design the control law of vessel formation in normal communication periods, and an error observer is added to eliminate errors caused by the external environment and ensure that the vessels form an ideal formation in normal communication periods. Then the control law is designed for the missing period of communication in an intermittent communication environment. In addition, during the initialization and maintenance of the vessel formation, communication duration must meet certain requirements. Therefore, sufficient conditions are given to realize formation in an intermittent communication environment. The stability of the formation control law is verified by the Lyapunov theory, and the reliability of the given sufficient conditions is proven.Results The simulation results show that by using this control law and satisfying the given sufficient conditions, vessels can realize formation in an intermittent communication environment.Conclusions In the case of intermittent communication or similar periodic communication absence, the results of this study have certain reference value for the design and research of vessel formation control.