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We investigated the growth traits (tree height, diameter at the breast, crown diameter), fruiting traits (total number of cones in 7 consecutive fruiting years) and resistance to disease and insect of 551 half-sib families of Pinus koraiensis superior trees in 29-year-old in Hongwei seed orchard of Lushuihe, Jilin Province, with the method of multi-trait comprehensive evaluation and combining with six traits. The results showed that all the traits were significantly different among different families or blocks. Phenotypic variation coefficient of different traits ranged from 13.9% to 61.0%. The extremely significant difference and high variation coefficients were beneficial for elite families evaluation and selection. The family heritability of volume, seed yield and resistance to disease and insect (the values were 0.47, 0.52, 0.48, respectively) were higher than single plant heritability (the values were 0.37, 0.07, 0.10, respectively). There was a extremely significant positive correlation between growth traits, fruiting traits and resistance to disease and insect. 28 elite families were selected with a selection rate of 5%, with the genetic gains of volume, seed yield and resistance to disease and insect being 16.8%, 71.4% and 0.5%, respectively. Seven elite individuals were selected from the elite families with a selection rate of 2%, with the genetic gains of volume, seed yield and resistance to disease and insect being 66.8%, 80.9% and 0.7%, respectively. These elite families and individual plants showed obvious advantages, which could guide the thinning of clonal seed orchards and provide breeding materials for the construction of high-generation seed orchards.

Objective: To observe the effect of combination of Syndrome Differentiation (SD) depending treatment and chemotherapy on prognostic factors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)., Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with NSCLC were randomly divided into the TCM group, the western medicine (WM) group and the combined TCM and WM (TCM-WM) group. Besides the conventional supporting and symptomatic treatment given to all the 3 groups, to the TCM group, Chinese drug medication according to patients' SD (intravenons injection, decoction or Xiaoji Decoction) was given, to the WM group chemorherapy was given, and to the TCM-WM group, all the treatment used in both TCM and WM group were given. The long-term efficacy was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method, the 24 prognostic factors that influencing survival rate were analyzed by COX regression model multiple factors analysis to screen the risk factor and protective factor., Results: The median survival period in the TCM group was 285.00 +/- 17.92 days, in the WM group was 265.00 +/- 1.80 days, insignificant difference was found between them (P > 0.05), that in the TCM-WM group was 359.00 +/- 7.00 days, which was longer than that in the above two groups with significance (P < 0.05). The half-year and 1-year survival rates in the TCM group were 84.4% and 18.1%, in the WM group 82.5% and 20.6%, and in the TCM-WM group 92.5% and 42.7%. The 1-year survival rate in the TCM-WM group was higher than that in the TCM and WM group with significant difference (P < 0.05). Analysis on 24 prognostic factors indicated that there was significant difference (P < 0.05) in influence of such factors on survival rate as clinical stage, lymph node invasion, complications, TCM Syndrome typing, lactate dehydrogenase, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA199, Karnofsky scoring before treatment, therapeutic method, total scores of quality of life, stability of treatment, CD3+, etc. The former seven were the risk factors for prognosis of midlate NSCLC patients, and the latter 5 the protective factors., Conclusion: TCM-WM treatment could prolong patients' survival period, elevate the long-term survival rate, it could be taken as one of the best comprehensive therapies for mid-late NSCLC patients who have missed the opportunity of surgical resection.