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The experiment was to explore the effect of different energy level diets on growth performance, serum biochemical index, rumen fermentation parameters and rumen microflora of Gobi Short-tail pregnant ewe. Sixty healthy Gobi Short-tail pregnant ewes with similar age, body condition and weight (43.64 ± 2.19) kg were selected and randomly divided into three groups, with four replicates in each group and five ewes in each replicate. Ewes in each group were fed diets with different energy levels. The metabolic energy of control group was 7.98 MJ/kg. Metabolic energy of test group 1 was 6.37 MJ/kg. The metabolic energy of test group 2 was 4.77 MJ/kg. The pre trial period was 15 d, and the trial period was 45 d. The results showed that the final weight and average daily gain of ewes in test group 2 were extremely lower than those in other two groups (P<0.01). The serum ALB content of ewes in test group 1 and test group 2 was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05), the serum BUN content was extremely lower than that in control group (P<0.01), and ALT activity of ewes in test group 2 was significantly higher than that in other groups (P<0.05). The rumen ammonia nitrogen content of ewes in test group 1 and test group 2 was extremely lower than that in control group (P<0.01). The relative abundances of Bacteroides, Verrucomicrobiota and Rikenellaceae in rumen of test group 1 and test group 2 were extremely higher than those in control group (P<0.01), the relative abundances of Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-002 were extremely lower than those in control group (P<0.01), and the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Prevotella were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). Rumen Bacteroides of ewes in test group 1 were extremely lower than those in other two groups (P<0.01). The study indicates that proper reduction of dietary energy level can ensure the normal life activities of pregnant ewes, reduce the feeding cost of shed feeding in winter and spring, improve the breeding efficiency of farmers and herdsmen, excessive reduction of dietary energy level will have a negative impact on pregnant ewes to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at Euler operator system with uncertain parameters, a novel reaching law method, named saturated variable rate reaching law, is proposed based on the sigmoid function, and a flexible variable structure controller is designed based on saturated variable rate reaching law in this paper. By the designed variable structure controller, the analog signal system and sampling signal system can be unified into the Euler operator system based on the principle of Euler operator sampling. When sampling frequency is very high, the flexible variable structure controHer can make the stability of the control system be closed to the original analog signal system. A simulation example of active power filter is given to demonstrate the application of the controHer. Compared to variable structure controHer based on exponential reaching law, the proposed flexible variable structure controHer can reduce the chattering, and has a good compensation of fundamental current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To realize the fast and safe identity authentication for mobile equipment when they move between different administration domains, a Beidou-based inter-domain identity authentication method for mobile equipment in battlefield is proposed based on the safe and credible brief message communication function and accurate time service provided by Beidou satellites navigation system. The system structure and protocol of Beidou-based inter-domain identity authentication for mobile equipment in battlefield are designed. The two-class authentication mechanism is adopted in the system structure. The accurate clock synchronization of the whole mobile network can be realized by the accurate time service provided by Beidou system. The timestamp got from the clock information provided by Beidou system is put in the identity authentication messages transmitted by Beidou system. The security analysis of protocol shows that it is safe and credible, it can realize not only the bidirectional authentication between the authentication center in the new administration domain and the mobile equipment in the inter-domain identity authentication, but also the anonymous authentication of mobile equipment, and it provides the ability to resist the replay attack. Moreover, the protocol decreases the costs of the authentication center in home domain effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gastrointestinal dysfunction is manifested as digestive symptoms. Clinically, Zusanli (ST36) is crucial in the acupoint prescriptions of acupuncture no matter which type of the disease is differentiated in traditional Chinese medicine, but the underlying mechanism remains to be explored. Aiming to summarize the current status of the researches in terms of ameliorating gastrointestinal mucosal damage and regulating gastrointestinal motility disorders, we systematically reviewed the basic researches on the intervention with electroacupuncture (EA) at "ST36" in treatment of the diseases related to gastrointestinal dysfunction in the past 5 years, after searching the articles from Chinese and English databases. The results suggest that EA at ST36 may regulate the local gastrointestinal inflammation, oxidative stress and immune microenvironment to relieve gastrointestinal mucosal damage and adjust gastrointestinal motility disorders by means of modulating the central and peripheral nerve signaling as well as the function of mast cells and Cajal interstitial cells.

To explore the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth of legume crop, pot and field experiments with soybean were conducted. Treatments of inoculation (+AMF) and non-inoculation with AMF (-AMF) were set up for the pot experiment, and AMF mycelium non-limited and limited for the field experiment. Results of the pot experiment showed that inoculation with AMF significantly increased soybean aboveground biomass (16.5%) and root nodules number (131.4%), above-ground plant phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations and uptakes. In the field trial, the above-ground and root biomasses and root nodules number under AMF mycelium non-limited were significantly increased by 123.6%, 61.5%, and 212.5% compared with those under the limited condition, respectively. Plant phosphorus uptake, nitrogen concentration and uptake, and soil available nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were significantly higher under AMF mycelium non-limited than the limited both in both shoot and root. Our findings provide theoretical reference for further understanding the relationship between legume crop and AMF, as well as the efficient utilization of phosphorus fertilizer.

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing the postoperative resolution of varicocele-associated scrotal pain., Methods: Using the keywords "varicocele", "testicular pain", "scrotal pain", "painful varicocele", "ligation", and "varicocelectomy", we searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Collaboration's Database, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP Database up to October 2016 for the studies relating to surgical treatment of varicocele-associated scrotal pain. We assessed the quality of the cohort studies included using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and that of the randomized controlled trials included with the Cochrane Collaboration's tool. We conducted a meta-analysis using the RevMan software., Results: Finally 14 studies were included in this meta-analysis, of which, 2 involved the history of disease, 8 involved the nature of pain, 2 involved the intensity of pain, 9 involved the grade of varicocele, 3 involved the side of varicocele, 9 involved surgical approaches, 3 involved surgical techniques, and 4 involved postoperative recurrence. The pain resolution rate was significantly higher after subinguinal ligation than after high or inguinal ligation (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.76－0.89, P <0.01; RR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.86－0.99, P = 0.02), and so was it after microsurgery than after laparoscopic varicocelectomy (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.60－0.99, P = 0.04)., Conclusions: Subinguinal varicocelectomy and microsurgery are more effective options than laparoscopic and high or trans-inguinal ligation of the spermatic vein for resolution of varicocele-associated scrotal pain, while the history of disease, the nature and intensity of pain, the grade and side of varicocele, or postoperative recurrence cannot be regarded as the influencing factors.

Soil heavy metal concentrations along the typical urban-transect in Shanghai were analyzed to indicate the effect of urbanization and industrialization on soil environment quality. Spatial variation structure and distribution of 5 heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Mn, Pb and Zn) in the top soil of urban-transect were analyzed. The single pollution index and the composite pollution index were used to evaluate the soil heavy metal pollution. The results showed that the average concentrations of the Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn were 27.80, 28.86, 99.36, 87.72, 556.97 mg x kg(-1), respectively. Cu, Cr, Mn, Pb and Zn were medium in variability, Mn was distributed lognormally, while Cu, Cr, Pb and Zn were distributed normally. The results of semivariance analysis showed that Mn was fit for the exponential model, Cr, Pb, Cu and Zn were fit for the linear model. The spatial distribution maps of heavy metal content of the topsoil in this city-transect were produced by means of the universal kriging interpolation. Cu was spatially distributed in ribbon, Cr and Mn were distributed in island, while the spatial distribution of Pb and Zn showed the mixed characteristic of ribbon and island. With the result of soil pollution evaluation, it showed that the pollution of Cr, Zn and Pb was relatively severe. Cr, Zn, Pb, Mn and Cu were significantly correlated, and heavy metal co-contamination existed in soil. Difference of soil heavy metals pollution along "Urban-suburban-rural" was obvious, the special variation of heavy metal concentrations in the soil closely related to the degree of industrialization and urbanization of the city.

The molecular structure and spectral properties of a novel acylhydrazone ligands 2-hydroxy-naphthaldehyde-5-chloro-salicyloylhydrazone (H3L) and its Sn metal complexes [(n-Bu2)Sn(HL)] in solution, crystal and thin films were investigated by using steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectrum. The experimental results show that for H3L, compared with it in solution, the fluorescence intensity is enhanced as it is crystal and thin films, the fluorescence peak is red-shift, and the excited state lifetime is longer. The transition energies of the unimolecule is 240.2 kJ x mol(-1). For (n-Bu2)Sn(HL), the fluorescence intensity is stronger as it is crystal than it is in solution and the fluorescence peak is red-shilft, the excited state lifetime is longer. The fluorescence is quenched as it is in thin films. The transition energies of the unimolecule is 230.4 kJ x mol(-1). The fluorescence intensity of (n-Bu2)Sn(HL) is four times higher than the H3L. The excited state lifetime of (n-Bu2) Sn(HL) is longer than H2L too. In theory, these phenomena could be explained by that with the increase of the conjugated system and the rigid construction, the fluorescence intensity is stronger and the excited state lifetime is longer.

The aggregation and spectral properties of three sandwich thulium bisphthalocyanine compounds in chloroform solution and LB films were investigated by using UV-Vis absorption spectra. The experimental results indicated that the three sandwich thulium bisphthalocyanine molecules formed H-aggregates in the chloroform solution, but the absorption spectra of the three sandwich thulium bisphthalocyanine compounds display strong absorption peaks of monomer when the concentration of the sandwich thulium bisphthalocyanine solutions was 10(-7) mol x L(-1). The addition of substitutent --OC8H17 not only decreased the aggregation behaviors of the sandwich thulium bisphthalocyanine, but also leaded to red-shift of the absorption peaks, and it had a biggish influence on the intensity of absorption spectra. The absorption Soret bands were splitting when the substitutent --OC8H17 was added. The substitutent --OC8H17 had a strong effect on the existence state of bisphthalocyaines in LB films, while TmPc2 and TmPcPc* molecules formed H-aggregates in LB films, however TmPc2* molecule formed T-aggregates. In the LB films, the distance between sandwich thulium bisphthalocyanine molecule was shortened, and the interaction of molecules was enhanced, therefore the absorption peaks were red-shifted compared with those in the solution, and the arranging state of sandwich thulium bisphthalocyanine molecule has biggish influence on the peaks of absorption spectra.

The configuration state and spectral properties of sandwiched thulium bisphthalocyanine (TmPc2) molecule in Langmuir films and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films were investigated by using the surface pressure-area (pi-A) isotherm and UV-Vis absorption spectra. The experimental results indicated that the sandwiched thulium bisphthalocyanine molecules form well-ordered stable monolayer films on the water/air interface, and the sandwiched thulium bisphthalocyanine molecules take the face to face orientation for the macrocycles and edge-on configuration in pure films, with the collapse pressure being 56 mN x m(-1). But the sandwiched thulium bisphthalocyanine molecules take the face-on configuration in the sandwiched thulium bisphthalocyanine films mixed with arachidic acid (AA), and the collapse pressure is more than 60 mN x m(-1). The sandwiched thulium bisphthalocyanine molecule could form well stable Langmuir films on sub-phase surface. The mixed TmPc2/arachidic acid not only could form well stable Langmuir films, but also could be transferred to solid substrate and deposited LB multilayers. In the chloroform solution and LB films of sandwiched thulium bisphthalocyanine, the UV-Vis absorption spectra have two absorption bands, namely Soret-bands and Q-bands. The electron orbit of sandwiched metal bisphthalocyanines was calculated by using absorption spectra VEH (Valence effective Hamiltonian) theory, and the electron transition orbit corresponding to the absorption peaks was analyzed. The Soret absorption band has two absorption peaks that are correlated with the electron orbital transitions of 184-187* and 178-186, and four absorption peaks of the Q absorption band are correlated with the electron orbital transitioned of 186-189*, 190* and 185-187*, 188*. In the LB films, the absorption peaks were red-shifted compared with those in the solution because of the interaction of molecules. The interaction of intra-layer molecules was stronger than that of interlayer molecules.

Deposition of Langmuir-Blodgett films and the aggregative properties of three centrosymmetric naphthalocyanine derivatives were investigated by using linear absorption spectra. Good LB films could be formed for all the three compounds. In dilute solution,the monomers are the main formation for the tetra-tert-butyl-cyan naphthalocyanine. Due to atomic zinc action, the tetra-tert-butyl naphthalocyanine zinc molecules could not only form H-aggregates, but also form J-aggregates. The tetra-tert-butyl naphthalocyanine zinc molecules mainly are aggregates in dilute solution. In the Langmuir-Blodgett films, both tetra-tert-butyl-cyan naphthalocyanine and tetra-tert-butyl-cyan naphthalocyanine zinc formed H-aggregates. The monomers are the main formation for the bi-( tetra-tertbutyl-naphthalocyaninato)-orbium in dilute solution and Langmuir-Blodgett films.