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旨在为探明植物油出油方式提供技术支持，建立了一种鉴别压榨植物油和浸出植物油的方法。采用顶空-气质联用法测定植物油的残留溶剂，对顶空进样器平衡温度进行了优化，并探究植物油残留溶剂的特征性成分，通过对压榨植物油和浸出植物油样品中特征性成分的分析确定植物油出油方式的鉴别方法。结果表明：六号溶剂主要成分的出峰面积均随着平衡温度的升高而增加，优化的平衡温度为150 ℃；六号溶剂中5种主要成分在0~1.00 mg/kg范围内线性关系良好，相关系数均可达0.999以上，检出限为0.001 0~0.014 4 mg/kg；六号溶剂中不仅含有烷烃、环烷烃，还含有烯烃、芳香烃（包括多环芳烃）等，成分较为复杂，浸出植物油中溶剂残留物主要为2-甲基戊烷、3-甲基戊烷 、正己烷、甲基环戊烷和环己烷，占比达97.5%，与六号溶剂中这5种物质含量（占比达96.6%）相似，因此确定这5种物质为植物油残留溶剂的特征性成分；实际样品测定表明压榨植物油中没有溶剂残留或残留量较低，浸出植物油中均有溶剂残留且残留量较高；总结出鉴别压榨植物油和浸出植物油的方法为若同时检出4种及以上六号溶剂特征性成分或特征性成分总含量大于或等于0.50 mg/kg的样品可判定为浸出植物油，若同时检出小于或等于3种六号溶剂特征性成分且特征性成分总含量小于 0.50 mg/kg的样品可判定为压榨植物油。综上，采用顶空-气质联用法对植物油中六号溶剂的特征性成分进行分析，以特征性成分有无和含量可以鉴别压榨植物油和浸出植物油。In order to provide technical support for the exploration of vegetable oil production mode, a method for identifying pressed vegetable oil and extracted vegetable oil was established. The residual solvent in vegetable oil was determined by headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The equilibrium temperature of headspace injection was optimized, and the characteristic components of residual solvent in vegetable oil was identified. By analyzing the characteristic components in pressed and extracted vegetable oil samples, the extraction method of vegetable oil was identified. The results showed that the peak areas of main components of No. 6 solvent increased with the increase of equilibrium temperature, and the optimal equilibrium temperature was 150 ℃. The linearity of five main components was good in the range of 0-1.00 mg/kg, the correlation coefficient was more than 0.999, and the detection limits was 0.001 0-0.014 4 mg/kg. The components of No.6 solvent were relatively complex, including not only alkane and cycloalkanes, but also olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons (including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). The solvent residues in the extracted vegetable oil were mainly 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, n-hexane, methylcyclopentane and cyclohexane, accounting for 97.5%, which were similar to the contents of these five substances in No. 6 solvent(accouting for 96.6%). Therefore, it was determined that these five substances were characteristic components of residual solvents in vegetable oil. The determination of practical samples showed that there was no or low solvent residue in pressed vegetable oil, while there was solvent residue in the extracted vegetable oil and the residue amount was relative high. The methods for identifying pressed vegetable oil and extracted vegetable oil were summarized as follows: if four or more characteristic components of No. 6 solvent at the same time or the total content of characteristic components greater than or equal to 0.50 mg/kg were detected, the sample could be determined as extracted vegetable oil. If less than or equal to three main components of No. 6 solvent at the same time and the total content of characteristic components less than 0.50 mg/kg were detected, the sample could be judged as pressed vegetable oil. By analyzing characteristic components of No. 6 solvent in vegetable oil using headspace-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, the pressed vegetable oil and extracted vegetable oil can be identified based on the presence or absence and content of its characteristic components.

Bacillus subtilis is one of the widely used probiotics, which has strong stability and can survive and reproduce in animal intestines. Bacillus subtilis has synergistic effects with other probiotics or prebiotics, which is widely used in microbial feed additives. Bacillus subtilis has more advantages in viability in gastrointestinal tract than lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacterium. Bacillus subtilis can regulate the intestinal flora of animals, improve growth performance, enhance immunity and intestinal health. Based on the physiological characteristics of Bacillus subtilis, the paper describes its application in animal production and its functions in regulating intestinal health, inhibiting oxidative stress and enhancing immunity, aiming at providing reference for the related application of Bacillus subtilis in animal production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to validate the durability attribution of leaf-spring rubber bushing fast and effectively,with the inputs of six-component force from proving ground,and taking rear suspension multi-body model as a carrier,based on the road load data,by applying virtual iteration technique,the dynamic load of bushing has been extracted. In order to keep the connection between the test-rig and the road of proving ground,according to equivalent damage theory,the fatigue test procedure of test-rig has been draw up by using multi-block fatigue load method,and the time consuming of test-rig has been shortened,and acceleration factor of 5. 03 was achieved by comparing the test time of test-rig and proving ground,the bushing has ultimately passed the durability validation of test-rig.

In order to predict fatigue life of frame,the MBS model of full vehicle has been built,based on the road load data,by applying virtual iteration technique,the dynamic load of interface point of frame has been obtained. In order to solver the time-consuming problem of dynamic load simulation caused by off-road in durability procedure,the road has been reduced by applying time correlated fatigue analysis with damage editing method,the value and distribution of damage are same as the original one,the mileage of single loop has been reduced to 1. 6 Km from original 3 Km,the dynamic load simulation has been accelerated. The fatigue life of frame has been predicted by applying Miner Counting Algorithm for Acuminated Fatigue Analysis,the analysis result has shown that the fatigue life can satisfy the target,and the vehicle has ultimately passed the durability validation of proving ground,which has shown that the analysis result is accorded with the test.

A portion entropy fix method was developed in a computational fluid dynamic(CFD) code based on Navier-Stokes techniques with Roe's scheme. The portion entropy fix method overcomes the shortage of large dissipation in boundary layer simulations that traditional entropy fix method generally may possess and achieves more accurate simulation results of complex hypersonic viscous flows with shock wave/ boundary layer interaction. In this paper, the typical hypersonic double-cone separated flows with shock wave interactions are computed by the code. The grid sensitivity and the entropy fix method dissipation effects are studied. From the analysis, the simulation results of hypersonic separated flows with shock wave interactions are very sensitive with grid refinement, and coarse grid will give large departure; portion entropy fix methods with low dissipation obtaines more credible solution for complex hypersonic separated flows with strong shock wave interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the growth characteristics of Lonicera japonica under the stress of different concentrations (0, 0. 5, 2. 5, 5, 10, and 25 mg.L-1) cadmium (Cd), aimed to explore the hormesis effect of low concentrations Cd on L. japonica. At ⩽5 mg.L-1 of Cd, the maximum root length, plant dry biomass, and the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid of L. japonica increased significantly, with the increment being 13.6%, 11. 7%, 14. 0%,10. 8%, and 54. 5%, respectively, as compared with the control. ⩽5 mg·L-1 of Cd also had a definite positive effect on the leaf water content. At ⩾10 mg·L-1 of Cd, the growth of L· japonica was inhibited significantly. When exposed to 25 mg·L-1 of Cd, the shoot Cd concentration of L· japonica reached 622. 93 mg.kg-1, suggesting that L. japonica had a strong capacity of Cd-hyperaccumulation. The dose range of the hormesis effect of Cd on L· japonica was 0. 5-5 mg · L-1 of Cd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By using hydroponics, the growth and physiological characteristics of Lonicera japonica at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg·L-1) of cadmium (Cd) were studied. The results showed that compared with the control, Cd stress had lesser effects on the growth of L. japonica. Within the range of test Cd concentrations, L. japonica biomass had less difference (P0.05) with the control, and at low concentration of Cd (5 mg·L-1), the total biomass and the biomasses of leaf and root were increased by 1.25%, 2.88 and 2.33%, respectively, illustrating that L. japonica had stronger resistance against Cd. Under low concentration Cd stress, the water content and soluble protein content in plant organs had some decrease, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in root and leaf increased by 51.90% and 23.07%, respectively, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid contents increased by 15.87% and 24.89%, respectively, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased significantly. With increasing Cd concentration, the chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and SOD activity decreased to some extent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate computational fluid dynamic (C FD) methods with Navier-Stokes equations and rapid engineering methods are currently two major approaches to obtain skin viscous force for hypersonic aircraft. The former is relatively accurate with poor efficiency, and the later is efficient with poor accuracy. How to combine the two methods and develop a new way with enough efficiency and accuracy is always an important aspect for computational aerodynamics. Therefore, a rapid engineering method to predict skin viscous force of hypersonic aircraft more accurately was developed with near-wall flow characteristics derived from invicid Euler equations. I he method was based on the classical reference temperature method and constructed with local flow parameters instead of free flow parameters, so that could count the hypersonic flow characteristics more adequately and achieve a more accurate prediction of skin viscous forces in theory. In order to examine the accuracy of the rapid method, the skin viscous forces of a typical hypersonic aircraft with high Lift-to-Drag ratio at hypersonic velocity and high altitude was calculated by a Navier-Stokes equations CFD method and the presented rapid method. The comparison analysis finally showed a relative deviation of 10~20% from the rapid method, which could gave a good satisfaction for engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method based on unstructured overset grid and global sub-iteration is developed, which is used to investigate the virtual flight of a vehicle with closed-loop control by synchronously simulating the coupled aerodynamics and flight dynamics. A static instable hypersonic configuration is pulled up with an increasing attack angle and then trimmed at a certain attack angle according to the designed control law, which is performed by the elevator deflection. The numerical virtual flight presents such integrative evolvement of unsteady flow, rigid body movement and aerodynamic control surfaces vividly. The numerical virtual flight agrees well with the traditional flight simulation based on aerodynamic database in terms of control effects, while there exits some difference during the whole process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the reliability of predicting the coal floor water inrush with the vulnerability index method, the fractal theory was used to analyze and discuss the fault in the southern mining area of Chensilou Coal Mine. On this basis, the AHP vulnerability index method was applied to make the prediction and evaluation of the partition for the danger of the coal seam floor water burst in the region. The results show that; fault density, fault scale, the nature of the fault and other factors are replaced by the fractal dimension (Ds) of the fault spatial distribution, which reduced three main control factors predicted; the predicted results and the actual water inrush location has better fitting (only one water inrush point was not in the predict regional). It can be obtained: Ds is the comprehensive reflection of the fault number, size, combination and dynamics mechanism; the AHP vulnerability index method based on fractal theory is used to predict the coal floor water bursting, which can improve the prediction accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical biological characteristics of children with Ph + ALL and the factors that affecting its prognostic., Methods: 34 children with Ph + ALL were selected retrospectively in the period from January 2006 to December 2017; the clinical biological characteristics, clinical efficacy for short-term and survival time for long-term were recorded and the related factors that affecting the clinical efficacy for short-term and survival time for long-term were evaluated., Results: The median overall survival time was 16.5 months and the cumulative OS rates for 2 years and 5 years with followed-up were separately (61.57±7.09)%, (50.75±8.22)%. The median progression-free survival time was 13.5 months and the cumulative progression-free survival rates for 2 years and 5 years with followed-up were separately (54.49±6.77)%, (48.77±7.42)%. The early treatment response of patients with myeloid antigen expression were significantly lower than the patients without myeloid antigen expression (P＜0.05). The CR rate in one treatment course of patients with good response for early treatment response group were significantly higher than the patients with poor response for early treatment response (P＜0.05). The CR rate in one treatment course of the patients with TKI addition in induction therapy period group were significantly higher than the patients with chemotherapy used alone（P＜0.05）. The OS rate and PFS rate of patients in chemotherapy + TKI + allo-HSCT and chemotherapy + TKI group were significantly higher than the patients with chemotherapy used alone group（P＜0.05）. Univariate analysis showed that the factors affecting OS rate of children with Ph + ALL for 2 years with followed-up included baseline WBC count level, LDH level, distances between lower hepatic margin and costal margin, distances between lower splenic margin and costal margin, combined myeloid antigen (+), early treatment response, FCM-MRD status after one treatment course, BCR-ABL status after one treatment course and TKI application (P＜0.05) and the factors that the affecting PFS rate of children with Ph + ALL for 2 years with followed-up included LDH level, distances between lower hepatic margin and costal margin, distances between lower splenic margin and costal margin, combined myeloid antigen (+), early treatment response, FCM-MRD status after one treatment course, BCR-ABL status after one treatment course and TKI application (P＜0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the distances between lower splenic margin and costal margin 3 cm were independent risk factors on OS rate and PFS rate of children with Ph + ALL (P＜0.05)., Conclusion: Children with Ph + ALL possess unique clinical and biological features. The prognosis of patients with chemotherapy used alone is more poor, and the combination of chemotherapy and TKI can effectively increase the survival benefit; patients with Ph + ALL combined with myeloid antigen (+) shows a poor early treatment response. while the distances between lower splenic margin and costal margin 3 cm are independent risk factors on clinical prognosis of children with Ph (+) ALL.

Objective: To investigate the safety and effectiveness of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) using tumor-ablative conditioning regiment for patients with refractory/relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma., Methods: The clinical data of 16 patients with refractory/relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma received above-mentioned therapeutic regimen from January 2013 to July 2015 was analyzed retrospectively, and conditioning-related toxicity, engraftment, infection, relapse and survival rate were evaluated., Results: No conditioning-related organs' failure and mortality were found. Only 1 patient had not been engrafted, and the engraftment rate was 93.7%. The incidence of serious infection was 31.2%. The median follow-up was 20.5(1-30) months, and 3 patients died, out of them 2 patients died of relapse. Two year overall survival (OS) , disease-free survival (DFS) and relapse rates were 80.2%, 74.5% and 20.6% respectively., Conclusion: Auto-HSCT using tumor-ablative conditioning regimen is safe and effective for patients with refractory/relapsed non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and it possess a certain effect for reducing disease relapse after transplantation.

The treatment of wound bacterial infection is an extremely difficult problem in clinic, especially in patients with large wounds which are infected by multidrug resistant, pan-resistant or omni-resistant bacteria. In recent years, with a grim prospect of antibiotic resistance, phage therapy is re-valued by researchers after being ignored for nearly half a century. Phage therapy has made great achievements in prevention and control of bacterial infection of open wounds. This review is mainly focused on the latest research progress of phage therapy in wound bacterial infection.

To discover an efficient strategy for the conversion of the antibacterial activity of fluoroquinolones into the antitumor activity, the three series of C-3 s-triazole-based derivatives including sulfide ketones (6a-6g), thiosemicarbazones (7a-7g) and fused heterocyclic thiazolotriazoles (8a-8g) were synthesized from ciprofloxacin (1), respectively. The structures were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral data. The antitumor activity was tested against three tumor cell lines (Hep-3B, Capan-1 and HL60) using the MTT assay. The three types of compounds all exhibited stronger anti-proliferative activities than ciprofloxacin in the test. The order of their activities was in compounds 7>8>6, and the order of selectivity against cancer cell lines was Capan-1, Hep-3B and HL60. Meanwhile, the SAR revealed that some compounds with electron-drawing group substituted such as fluoro- and nitro-phenyl compounds (6f, 7f, 8f) and (6g, 7g, 8g) displayed more significant activity than the control compounds, especially the IC50 values of thiosemicarbazone compounds 7f and 7g against Capan-1 was comparable to doxorubicin. Thus, a five-membered triazole as the C-3 bioisostere modified with the functionalized side-chain of sulfide-ketone thiosemicarbazone warrants special attention and further investigation.

Objective: To observe the effect of metastasis-associated gene 1 (MTA1) on the growth and metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in nude mice using RNA interference technology (RNAi)., Methods: Lentiviral vector of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting MTA1 was constructed and packaged to transfect Hep-2 cells. Hep-2 cells transfected with scramble shRNA and MTA1 shRNA were injected into the paw pad of nude mice (n=5 per group). Nine weeks after modeling of the lymphatic metastasis of laryngeal carcinoma, the mice were sacrificed, and tumor tissues and inguinal lymph node were harvested to be subjected to HE staining, reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting., Results: The gene screening showed the lentiviral vector of MTA1 shRNA was constructed successfully, and those tumor cells were transplanted and grew well in all mice. The size of tumor in the mice of MTA1 shRNA tansfected group was obviously smaller compared to the scramble shRNA transfected group at the same time point. No inguinal lymph node metastasis was found in the mice of MTA1 shRNA group. In contrast, the tumor cells were seen in the inguinal lymph nodes of the scramble shRNA infected mice. Reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting showed that the mRNA and protein levels of MTA1, β-catenin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), cyclin D1 were obviously reduced in MTA1 shRNA infected mice compared with the scramble shRNA infected mice., Conclusion: The inhibition of MTA1 gene could depress the growth and metastasis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in nude mice.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic efficacy and side effects of treating patients with myelodysplastic syndrome-RAEB (MDS-RAEB) and with refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by using decitabine combined with CAG regimen., Methods: Clinical data of 21 patients with MDS-RAEB or refractory AML from July 2011 to July 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Among 21 patients there were 4 cases of MDS-RAEB and 17 cases of refractory AML; 12 cases were beyond 60 years old; 13 cases had high-risk karyotypes. All the patients received decitabine combined with CAG regimen consisting of decitabine 20 mg/(m(2) · d), d 1-5; aclarubicin 10 mg/d, d 6-13; cytarabine 20 mg/d, d 6-19; G-CSF 300 µg/d, d 6-19., Results: After 1 cycle of treatment with DCAG regimen, the outcome of 21 patients showed that 8 cases achieved complete remission (42.1%), 8 cases achieved partial remission (42.1%), 2 cases achieved hematologic improvement, 1 cases achieved non-remission and 2 cases died; and the 1 year overall survival rate was 67.5%. The outcome of 12 patients beyond 60 years old showed that 6 cases achieved complete renission (60%, 6/10), and the 1 year overall survival rate was 62.5%. The outcome of 13 patients with high-risk karytype showed that 6 cases achieved complete renission (54.5%, 6/11), and the 1 year overall survival rate was 61.5%. The main adverse event was myelosuppression, and non-hematological toxicity included liver dysfunction and gastrointestinal tract reaction., Conclusion: Decitabine combined with CAG regimen is effective and safe for treatment of MDS-RAEB and refractory AML patients, which can prolong lives of patiens with refractory hematological diseases.

To discover novel antitumor rhodanine unsaturated ketones, a series of fluoroquinolone (rhodanine α, β-unsaturated ketone) amine derivatives (5a-5r) were designed and synthesized with fluoroquinolone amide scaffold as a carrier. The structures of eighteen title compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR and MS. The in vitro anti-proliferative activity against Hep-3B, Capan-1 and HL60 cells was evaluated by MTT assay. The results showed that the title compounds not only had more significant anti-proliferative activity against three tested cancer cell lines than that of the parent ciprofloxacin 1, but also exhibited the highest activity against Capan-1 cells. The SAR revealed that some compounds carrying aromatic heterocyclic rings or phenyl attached to an electron-withdrawing carboxyl or sulfonamide substituent were comparable to or better than comparison doxorubicin against Capan-1 cells. As such, it suggests that fluoroquinolone (rhodanine α, β-unsaturated ketone) amines are promising leads for the development of novel antitumor fluoroquinolones or rhodanine analogues.

To discover novel antitumor fluoroquinolone lead compounds from a rational modification for antibacterial fluoroquinolones, a fused heterocyclic ketone corresponding to thiazolo[2,3- b][1,2,4]triazolone used as a bioisosteric replacement of the C-3 carboxylic acid group of ciprofloxacin 1, and further modification by a Claisen condensation reaction with substituted benzaldehydes formed novel fluoroquinolone C-3 fuse heterocyclic α, β-unsaturated ketones as the title compounds (6a-6r), separately. The structures of eighteen title compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR and MS, and the in vitro anti-proliferative activity against human hepatoma Hep-3B cells, pancreatic Capan-1 cells and leukemia HL60 cells was evaluated by a MTT assay. The preliminary results showed that the title compounds not only had more significant anti-proliferative activity against three tested cancer cell lines than that of the parent ciprofloxacin 1, but also exhibited the highest activity against Capan-1 cells. In particular, compounds carrying an electron-withdrawing carboxyl (6k, 6m) or sulfonamide substituent (6q, 6r) attached to benzene ring were comparable to or better than constractive drug doxorubicin against Capan-1 cells. As such, it suggests that it is favorable for a fused heterocyclic α, β-unsaturated ketone scaffold instead of the C-3 carboxylic acid group to improve the antitumor activity of fluoroquinolones.

To discover novel fluoroquinolone lead compounds as possible anti-infective or/and antitumor chemotherapies, combination principle of pharmacophore-based drug design, a series of novel tricyclic fluoroquinolone title compounds, [1,2,4]triazino[3,4-h][1,8]naphthyridine-8-one-7-carboxylic acid derivatives ( 5a-5p), were designed and synthesized with a fused [1,2,4]-triazine ring unit. Their structures were characterized by spectral data and elemental analysis and the in vitro antibacterial and anti-cell proliferation activities were also evaluated. The results showed that the titled compounds exhibited more significant inhibitory activities against drug-resistant bacteria (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multi drug-resistant Escherichia coli strains) and three tested cancer cell lines (human hepatoma SMMC-7721, murine leukemia L1210 and human murine leukemia HL60 cells). Interestingly, SAR showed that compounds with electron-donating groups attached to benzene ring had stronger antibacterial activity than antitumor activity, but electron-withdrawing compounds displayed more potential antitumor activity than antibacterial activity, especially antitumor activity of nitro compounds was comparable to comparison doxorubicin. Thus, novel triazine-fused tricyclic fluoroquinolones as potent anti-infective or/and antitumor lead compounds are valuable to pay attention and for further development.

To explore an efficient strategy for the conversion of antibacterial fluoroquinolones into antitumor fluoroquinolones, an azole heterocyclic ring of oxadiazole instead of the C-3 carboxylic acid group with a functionalized hydrazone group as a modified side-chain, fifteen novel 2-(fluoroquinolon-3-yl)-oxadiazole-5- sulfanylacetylhydrazone derivatives 7a-7o were designed and synthesized on the basis of the pharmacophore hybridization principle from pefloxacin, separately. The structures for fifteen title compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR and MS, and their in vitro antitumor activity against Hep-3B cell line was evaluated by a MTT assay. The results showed that the title compounds exhibited more significantly inhibitory activity than that of the parent pefloxacin, in which compounds with electron-withdrawing group attached on aryl ring had more potency than that of compounds with electron donating group, especially compounds with a carboxylic substituent were comparable to comparison doxorubicin. It suggests that it is favorable for an improvement of antitumor activity to remain a carboxylic acid unit at the aromatic ring.

Objective: Based on the system of regeneration,the genetic transformation system of Lonicera macranthoides was established., Methods: Tissue culture method of seedlings, Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation method of explants, report gene was detected by gus staining and PCR., Results: The efficient transformation time was 8 minutes of infection. The good transformation rate was gained with the kanamycin 35 mg/L and cefotaxime 600 mg/L. The concentration of kanamycin had a leading effect on bud differentiation between two antibiotics, and bud induction rate reached extremely significant difference. Results of gus staining and PCR proved that the gus gene was integrated into Lonicera macranthoides genome., Conclusion: The genetic transformation system of Lonicera macranthoides leaves mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHAlO5 was established for the first time.

Autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCAs) comprise a group of genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders among which spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) represents the most common form of SCAs worldwide. The fragments of SCA3/MJD gene,which is the member of family GXPL1,were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products of SCA3/MJD gene were detected with capillary electrophoresis (CE) and sequencing to evaluate the size of CAG repeats, feature in the transmission and the mutation in the family with SCA3 in Guangxi province. The results showed that the exon 10 of the SCA3/MJD gene contains 64-71 CAG repeats in all of the affected individuals and three asymptomatic carriers of the family. The number of the CAG repeats during transmission in the normal individuals carrying CGG allele remains consistent, suggesting that CGG allele could have no effect on intergenerational stability of CAG repeats in normal individuals. In addition, two novel point mutations were identified: IVS9-113 T > C in the intronic region and a missense mutation 220 G > A (Glu > Gly) in the encoding region. These two novel point mutations have not been reported and the effect of the mutations on the phenotype of SCA3 is not clear.

This study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of donor's purified CD34(+) cells for treatment of secondary poor graft function (PGF) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Ten patients suffering from secondary PGF after allo-HSCT in our hospital from January 2009 to December 2011 were treated with the donor's purified and G-CSF mobilized CD34(+) cells. All the patients were observed for infusion-related complication and survival status. CliniMACS system was used to separate cells, the results of sorting purified and recovery rate were calculated and statistically analysed. The results showed that the purified of CD34(+) cells reached to (89.31 ± 1.73)%, and the recovery rate reached to (93.27 ± 8.14)%; 10 patients in the process of infusion did not suffer from seriously adverse complications, all of them obtained hematopoietic recovery, neither GVHD nor infection occurred after infusion of donor's purified CD34(+) cells. It is concluded that using CliniMACS system for donor's peripheral CD34(+) separation, both the purified and recovery of CD34(+) cells are satisfied, and the infusion of donor's purified CD34(+) cell is a safe and effective method to treat secondary PGF after allo-HSCT.

Objective: To explore the effects of a knockdown of cyclooxygenase 2 upon the growth and migration of SaOS2 cells., Methods: We employed lentivirus mediated-RNA interference technology to knockdown the endogenous expression of gene COX-2 in human osteosarcoma cells (SaOS2) and analyzed their phenotypical changes. The effects of COX-2 silencing on the proliferation, cell cycle and migration of SaOS2 cells were assessed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry and migration assays respectively. COX-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) mRNA and protein expression were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot., Results: A decreased expression of COX-2 in human osteosarcoma cells significantly inhibited the growth and decreased the migration ability of SaOS2 cells. Furthermore, it also reduced VEGF, EGF and bFGF mRNA and protein expression., Conclusion: The COX-2 signaling pathway may provide a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of human osteosarcoma.

Objective: To explore the indications, surgical techniques and prognostic factors of short fusion versus long fusion for elder patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis., Methods: Thirty-eight patients undergoing different kinds of surgical procedures for lumbar spinal scoliosis between June 2005 and October 2010 were recruited for this retrospective study. The mean patient age at surgery was 64.2 years (range: 61 - 75). The short fusion group included 13 patients and the long fusion group 25 patients., Results: There were a variety of treatment methods of degenerative scoliosis based on the symptomatology and radiological measurements of scoliosis and stenosis. Thirty-eight patients were followed up for an average of 37 months. The number of fused levels was 2.8 ± 0.7 segments in the short fusion group versus 5.1 ± 1.4 in the long fusion group. The average preoperative Cobb angle was 18.6° (range: 12 - 27) in the short fusion group versus 33.5° (range: 3 - 42) in the long fusion group. The correction of Cobb angle averaged 40% in the short fusion group versus 67% in the long fusion group. Clinical symptoms and functional tolerance for daily activities improved postoperatively. Radiographic evaluations showed reduced deformity on the frontal and sagittal planes. There were no infections, pseudoarthrosis, instrument-related failures or reoperations., Conclusions: Long segment fusion is superior to its short segment counterpart in correcting scoliotic curvature and coronal imbalance and improving rotational subluxation of apical vertebra. Careful perioperative preparation is essential in the treatment of elder patients with lumbar spinal scoliosis.

Objective: To observe the differences of endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) synthetic and catabolic enzyme levels between the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) patients and the control subjects., Methods: Patients with OSA confirmed by PSG in our Sleep Center were randomly recruited from July to December, 2009. Peripheral blood was obtained to isolate mononuclear cells and the mRNA levels of anandamide (AEA) synthase N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine hydrolyzing phospholipase D (NAPE), fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) synthase diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) and hydrolase monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The association between the severity of OSA and the enzyme levels were explored., Results: There was a significant difference in both the NAPE and MAGL levels between patients with OSA and the control subjects. The level of MAGL was related to some indices of severity of OSA, including the longest apnea time, lowest blood oxygen saturation and the micro-arousal index (r = 0.31, 0.24, 0.34, respectively, all P < 0.05). Compared with patients with OSA alone, patients with OSA complicated by hypertension showed a different level of FAAH (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: OSA altered the expression of the ECS synthetic and catabolic enzymes, leading to an increase in endogenous cannabinoid substances.

Aim: To investigate the expression of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with acute cerebral infarction and its correlation with clinical subtypes and the severity of the disease., Methods: The levels of mRNA and protein of TLR4 in PBMC of 66 patients with acute cerebral infraction were examined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. Clinical neurological deficit score and OCSP (Oxford Community Stroke Project) clinical subtype were performed in the patients within 3 days after admission., Results: The expression of TLR4 in PBMC of patients with acute cerebral infraction (positive rate: 66.87+/-16.27%, fluorescence intensity: 11.62+/-4.39) was significantly higher than normal controls (P<0.01, respectively). 66 patients were divided into 4 groups based on OCSP. There were 9 patients with TACI, 39 patients with PACI, 7 patients with POCI, and 11 patients with LACI. The differences in the expression levels of TLR4 protein and mRNA in these groups have no statistic significance. Meanwhile, there were 27 mild cases, 30 median cases, and 9 severe cases according to the neurological deficit score. The differences in the expression levels of TLR4 protein and mRNA in these groups have statistic significance (P<0.05). The expression of TLR4 protein and mRNA were correlated positively with the severity of the disease (r=0.85, 0.87; P=0.01, 0.01)., Conclusion: The increased expression of TLR4 may be associated with the progression of acute cerebral infarction. It may be a risk factor of acute cerebral infarction.

Objective: To establish an intervention model of school health promotion, and apply it in developing "schistosomiasis-free schools"., Methods: At the pilot stage, all students of Henghu primary school and Banshan primary school in Xinjian County of Jiangxi Province were selected as experiment group and control group, respectively. A baseline survey covered knowledge and attitude on schistosomiasis control, water contact behaviors and Schistosoma japonicum infection rate. Two health promotion intervention models, i.e. "information communication + training of protection skill + reward & punishment" (model A, 1993-1999) and "information communication + behavior participation + encouragement" (model B, 2000-2007), were implemented in Henghu school. The effect of two models was compared by infection rate. At the application stage, all students of 8 schools in Xinjian County, Nanchang County, and Jinxian County were chosen for evaluation of the effectiveness of Model B with same methods and index., Results: Before intervention there was no significant statistical difference on the passed rate of anti-schistosomiasis knowledge, correct rate of anti-schistosomiasis attitude, frequency of infested water exposure and the infection rate between Henghu and Banshan schools (P > 0.05). In Henghu school, the intervention showed significant effect on the scores of knowledge and attitude after one year (P < 0.01), raised from 9.0% and 55.1% before intervention to 94.4% and 98.9% after intervention, respectively. The frequency of infested water exposure and the infection rate significantly decreased from 14.6% and 13.5% before intervention to 1.9% and 2.3%, respectively (P < 0.01). In 2-7 years after intervention, there were only one or two schistosomiasis cases each year. At the application stage, no schistosomiasis cases were found among Model B target population in two successive years after intervention., Conclusion: The practice of Model B can be extended to other schools in endemic area to develop "schistosomiasis-free schools".

The fluorescence spectra of ponceau 4R induced by 220-400 nm light were studied in the present paper. The result shows that ponceau 4R has four obvious fluorescence spectral peaks respectively located at 420, 530, 635 and 687 nm, each of these fluorescence spectral peaks has different best induced light, and the corresponding fluorescence spectra were listed. It was considered that this fluorescence comes from the transition n --> pi* of n electrons in the -OH and pi* --> pi of pi electrons in the naphthalene. The fluorescence spectral peaks at 420 nm come from the transition n --> pi* and the other three fluorescence spectral peaks come from pi* --> pi. But the intensity of the four fluorescence spectral peaks changes differently with the excited wavelength This paper attempted to give the expression of the four fluorescence spectral peaks based on the microcosmic mechanism. The reason for that ponceau 4R has complex fluorescence characteristic is that ponceau 4R not only has big and conjugate structure such as naphthalene and provides electron group -OH which can intensify its ability to emit fluorescence, but also absorbs electron group such as N=N which can depress its ability to emit fluorescence. Investigation on the fluorescence spectra and its characteristics will contribute to the study on the fluorescence spectra of other azo pigment and help find a new way for checking food safety.

Chinese rice wine has a history of more than 5000 years, only in China, hich is called "Nation Wine", and Shao Xing Chinese rice wine is a representative of it. The fluorescence spectra of 3 kinds of Shao Xing Chinese rice wine with different storage age induced by suitable UV-light were obtained in the present paper through experiment. The authors compared and analyzed them comprehensively by using three dimensional contour and two dimensional fluorescence technique, and found that their best induced light was all in the vicinity of 370 nm. The peak wavelength of 3 year storage age wine was 504 nm, while 488 nm and 505 nm were for 5 and 8 year storage age wine respectively. The emitted fluorescence existed in 400 to 680 nm, which had wide peak. More over, the emitting mechanism of Shao Xing Chinese rice wine was discussed. The authors also have explained the similarity and difference of fluorescence spectra among the 3 kinds of wine. The reason for wide fluorescence peak was also analyzed. This investigation contributes to the study of the characteristic, year detection and food safety of Chinese rice wine.

Background & Objective: Although total cystectomy plus neobladder is widely used, with good outcome, to treat men patients with invasive bladder cancer, the experience of treating women patients with the same therapy is limit. This study was designed to investigate the outcome of total cystectomy plus sigmoid neobladder for women patients with invasive bladder cancer., Methods: Clinical data of 8 women with invasive bladder cancer, who underwent total cystectomy plus sigmoid neobladder from Jan. 2002 to Oct. 2003 in Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, were retrospectively analyzed., Results: The operations were technically successful in all cases. The mean follow-up was 18 months (ranged 6-24 months). Six patients survived disease-freely;2 developed pelvic metastasis 6 and 12 months after operation respectively. All patients could actively urinate, 4 were continent day and night, 4 were continent at daytime with mild nocturnal incontinence. Mild hydronephrosis was detected in 1 patient 3 months after operation, which disappeared spontaneously 3 months later. Renal function and serum electrolytes were normal in all cases., Conclusions: Total cystectomy plus sigmoid neobladder could manage invasive bladder cancer in women patients, and the new bladders function well. But night continence in women patients is not as good as that in men patients.

An 24-month prospective epidemiological investigation on the results of China-mode Hepatitis A attenuated live vaccine against hepatitis A by random group sampling was carried out. The incidence of case group was 15.91/10(5) (5/31421), the incidence of control group was 95.92/10(5) (30/ 31277) which showed a significant difference. In case group 2081 persons who missed vaccination, there was one person developed hepatitis A, making the incidence 48.05/10(5). In control group 760 persons were vaccinated by mistake and there was no case developed in this sub-population. There were 644 cases of hepatitis A in the external control group, the incidence was 90.14/10(5). Data showed that there was no significant difference among external control group, control group and persons from case group who missed vaccination. Comparing the data from case group and from the above 3 groups, the protective rates were 82.35%, 83.41% and 66.89%. respectively. When conparing the data from persons who had been mistakenly vaccinated in control group, there was no significant difference being noticed.