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To address the difficulty in convergence encountered in power flow calculations of integrated electricity-gas energy systems using the traditional Newton-Raphson method for state evaluation and safety checks， this paper proposes a power flow calculation method based on an improved continuous Newton method. This approach transforms the nonlinear power flow model of the integrated electricity-gas energy systems into an ordinary differential equation model. By employing the trapezoidal integration method for large-step implicit integration， numerical stability is ensured. Additionally， the improved Euler method is used for small-step explicit integration to estimate iteration errors， with Richardson extrapolation correcting the iteration results and adaptively updating the iteration step size. Simulation tests on integrated electricity-gas energy systems demonstrate that the proposed method exhibits superior robustness compared to traditional methods in scenarios with ill-conditioned initial power flow values， and can serve as a tool for verifying power flow results when traditional methods fail to converge.

[Objective] The development of resource-based cities is trapped in a dilemma due to a singular industrial structure and a closed development model. Exploring the mechanism of impact of network externalities on the economic performance of these cities is of great significance for promoting their economic growth and sustainable development. [Methods] This study first elaborated on the mechanism of impact of urban network externalities on the economic performance of resource-based cities, then analyzed the characteristics of change of the Chinese urban network from 2001 to 2019, and finally established an econometric model to test the impact of agglomeration economic externalities and urban network externalities on the economic performance of both resource-based and non-resource-based cities. [Results] The findings are as follows: (1) The network embeddedness of resource-based cities in the national organizational network had increased significantly, but there was still a considerable gap compared to non-resource-based cities. Resource-based cities had relatively fewer connections with core cities in the network and were generally located on the periphery of the urban network. (2) Investment, innovation, and urban network externalities significantly promoted economic growth. Particularly in the early stages of network embeddedness, resource-based cities showed greater heterogeneity and benefit potential in leveraging urban network externalities compared to non-resource-based cities. However, agglomeration economic externalities did not have a significant impact on the economic growth of resource-based cities. (3) Innovation and investment had a significant positive moderating effect on the relationship between urban network externalities and economic growth, and urban network externalities also significantly enhanced the positive impact of innovation and investment on economic growth, aligning with the principle of interaction symmetry. [Conclusion] Actively integrating into broader regional urban networks and enhancing the investment attractiveness and innovation capacity of resource-based cities are key strategies for promoting the transformation and economic growth of these cities.

Ferulic acid (FA), the most abundant phenolic acid in cereals, widely exists in both free and bound forms in grains, legumes and other plant-based foods. FA has various functional activities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, thus exhibiting high application values in the fields of food and medicine. To date, although a large number of in vivo and in vitro experiments have shown the importance of cereal FA in maintaining intestinal health, it is still unclear how FA is metabolized by the gut microbiota. In order to offer new insights into the molecular mechanism of the regulatory effect of FA the gut microbiota and offer a theoretical reference for better development and utilization of cereal FA and its metabolites, this paper provides a systematic review of the recent literature concerning intestinal microbial metabolism of cereal FA from three aspects of the existing forms, intestinal release and metabolism, and physiological health effects.

Shengli Oilfield has entered the middle and later development stages， and higher requirements for development seismic technologies have been set to develop reservoirs and further enhance oil recovery finely. The distribution and connectivity of conventional reservoirs in Jiyang Depression are complex due to different buried depths， multi-stage tectonic movements， various sedimentary types， and other factors. At the same time， constrained by seismic recognition， the well-seismic correspondences of some reservoirs are unclear， limiting the accuracy of fine reservoir characterization. In response to the development needs of different types of conventional reservoirs in Shengli Oilfield， a series of development seismic technologies have been formed through practice. These technologies include multi-method integrated reservoir prediction technology for middle and shallow fluvial facies reservoirs， integrated fine description technology for fracture systems in complex fault block reservoirs combing fine fault edge depiction and multiple attributes， prediction technology for middle-deep reservoirs with low permeability， and description technology of buried hill reservoirs fusing multiple parameters of “fault-fracture-dissolution composite storage space.” These technologies provide strong support for reservoir development. However， as the target reservoirs for development get deeper， thinner， and smaller and expand into unconventional reservoirs， the development seismic technologies faces higher requirements and challenges. It is necessary to accelerate the integration process of processing and interpretation， strengthen the theoretical research of rock physics， promote the application of OVT domain pre-stack inversion in the description of multi-type oil reservoirs， tackle the fine description technologies of complex fault block-lithofacies reservoirs， break through the technical bottleneck of well-ground joint acquisition and gravity-magnetic-electric-seismic technology， and realize the application of artificial intelligence technology in the development seismic field， so as to further promote reservoir development.

The accessibility and quality of ambulatory care (including outpatient and emergency services in primary care facilities, hospitals and other healthcare facilities) determine the efficiency of overall health care system and population health. Ambulatory care is also the core component of continuing care in an aging society. The concept of ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) was firstly introduced by American researchers in 1990s. Since then, hospitalization for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSHs) was widely used to evaluate the accessibility and quality of ambulatory care. In recent years, research on ACSH has gradually attracted the attention of scholars from all over the world, and preliminary research evidence from China indicated that the issue should not be ignored. This paper firstly introduces the origin of the concept of ACSH, then identifies the mixing concepts such as ACSH, avoidable hospitalization and inappropriate hospital admission, systematically summarizes the cutting-edge international identification criteria of ACSH, and finally discusses the policy value of ACSH as an indicator in the context of domestic and international research advances, clarifies the problems that should be noted in the identification of ACSCs in China, proposes strategies to reduce ACSH.

Abstract [Objective] To enhance the resistance of non-heading Chinese cabbage to turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), this study preliminarily explored the interaction mechanism between BcCHC1 protein of nonheading Chinese cabbage and TuMV. [Methods] The study firstly identified members of the heavy chain clathrin (CHC) gene family, BcCHCs, from non-heading Chinese cabbage, and then cloned CHC1 gene. BcCHC1 subcellular localization was analyzed, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay was used to verify the interaction between TuMV and BcCHC1. Finally, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was employed to silence BcCHC1 expression and its function was assessed. [Results] BcCHC1 gene from non-heading Chinese cabbage was cloned, with a coding sequence length of 5 124 bp, encoding 1 708 amino acids. qRT-PCR results showed a significant decrease in the relative expression level of Bc- CHC1 gene in non-heading Chinese cabbage infected with TuMV after 30 days. Subcellular localization revealed that BcCHC1 protein was located in the cell membrane and nucleus of tobacco epidermal cells. BiFC assay analysis confirmed that BcCHC1 interacted with CI and 6K2: Interaction with CI was mainly occurring in the nucleus, while interaction with 6K2 mainly on the cell membrane. Observations of BcCHC1-silenced lines showed that silencing BcCHC1 gene led to plant death. [Conclusion] BcCHC1 regulates the infection of non-heading Chinese cabbage by TuMV through interaction with CI and 6K2, thereby affecting the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway and virus replication. However, the mechanism by which Bc- CHC1 regulates TuMV infection in non-heading Chinese cabbage requires further study.

In recent years, driven by policy incentives and regulatory reforms, the research and development of rare disease drugs in China has begun to show a promising future. As of March 2024, more than 30 gene therapy products for rare diseases in China have been approved for clinical trials. In order to guide the clinical trial design of gene therapy products for rare diseases, Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration has issued Guideline for Clinical Trials Design of Gene Therapy Products for Rare Diseases (Trial Version). Now we try to interpret this guideline to provide recommendations for the industry.

Abstract [Objective] This study aims to identify and analyze the members of the tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP) subfamily in apple, and to investigate the expression patterns under drought stress. It provides information for further research on utilization of drought resistance gene resources in apple. [Methods] The MdTIPs in apple genome was identified by bioinformatics methods. The physicochemical properties, gene structures, conserved motifs, cis-regulatory elements, and phylogenetic trees, etc. of the subfamily members were analyzed. The expression patterns of MdTIPs in different organs under drought stress were analyzed by qRT-PCR. [Results] A total of 13 MdTIP genes were identified in the apple genome, and most members were localized at the plasma membrane. Chromosome localization analysis suggested that all members were distributed on 10 chromosomes, with 1-3 members on each chromosome. Besides, the promoter regions of the genes contained response elements for hormonal and adversity stresses. qRTPCR showed that MdTIP members were up-regulated in roots except MdTIP1;1, of which MdTIP1;3 and MdTIP1;4 were up-regulated 5.27 times and 5.69 times, respectively, compared with the control, suggesting that these two genes might be critical in response to drought stress. [Conclusion] Identification of MdTIP subfamily members is provided in this study. 10 MdTIP members are differentially expressed in roots, stems, and leaves, and 12 members are highly expressed in roots.

The changes in the ecological environment of the surrounding sea areas during ocean engineering construction are a key technical issue in the development and construction, which is beneficial for the protection of the nearshore marine environment and the development and utilization of resources. This study analyzes the changes in the surrounding marine environment during the pre construction (2011), construction period (2016, 2017), and post construction (2022) periods of the project, based on the hydrological, sediment, water quality, sediment, and biological data measured on four voyages of the Ningbo Meishan Port Terminal Project from 2011 to 2022. Research has found that the changes in water quality, sediment, and biological ecology in the surrounding waters of the Meishan Port Terminal Project fluctuate within a limited range before, during, and after construction, indicating that the construction of the project has not had a significant impact on the water quality, sediment quality, and marine biological ecology in the surrounding waters. The construction of the project did not have a limited impact on the surrounding marine ecological environment, indicating that the construction of the project meets the requirements for marine environmental protection. The research conclusion serves as an important basis for the construction of the Ningbo Meishan Port Terminal Project, and also provides a certain reference basis for the protection of the marine ecological environment in the sea area.

In view of the in tense contradictions in the development and utilization of marine space resources in the Beibu Gulf, a sea area of Guangxi, this study comprehensively analyzes the conflicts arising from various development and utilization activities, as well as those between development, utilization, and ecological protection. This analysis is conducted from three perspectives: two-dimensional plane compatibility in sea area management, three-dimensional layered feasibility of rights confirmation, and four-dimensional time division coordination. The study explores the optimal allocation scheme for two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and four-dimensional sea use space and time sequence, and proposes a principle for determining the priority of sea use functions. The research findings are highly instrumental in guiding territorial space planning, particularly the marine component, and various industries with specialized sea planning. These results have been widely applied, effectively fostering the intensive, economical, and coordinated utilization of marine space resources in the Beibu Gulf. In the subsequent stages of ocean space resources management, continuous breakthroughs are necessary in policy system optimization, coordination mechanism construction, scientific and technological innovation, and other areas to promote the sustainable development of Guangxi’s marine economy.

Metal oxides are often used as electrode materials for supercapacitors because of their high capacity， low cost， suitability for commercialization， and environmental friendliness. In this study， Mn-MOF was used as a precursor and placed in ethanol for ion exchange and etching reaction with Co（NO3）2， followed by heat treatment in air， and finally highly crystalline CoMn2O4 two-dimensional nanorod structures were obtained on a carbon cloth（CC） substrate. SEM and XRD analyses of CoMn2O4/CC prepared with different Co（NO3）2 additions and Mn2O3/CC obtained by direct heat treatment were performed， and electrochemical properties were measured by cyclic voltammetry test， constant current charge/discharge test and AC impedance test. The results show that the parent structure of CoMn2O4/CC is relatively well preserved after 0.3 g Co（NO3）2 etching， forming a nano-hollow structure， and the vertical nanorod structures grow in situ on carbon cloth after heat treatment wrapping carbon fibers uniformly and densely， ensuring high mechanical stability and electrical conductivity due to the absence of any binder addition. The electrode material has an area specific capacitance of 809.8 mF·cm-2 at the current density of 1.2 mA·cm-2 and the capacitance retention is 79.1% after 5000 cycles at the current density of 5 mA·cm-2，showing potential application prospects.

[ Objective ] This study aims to explore the regulatory mechanism of SnRK2 family members un- der drought stress in Saccharum spontaneum L. , in order to provide candidate genes for cultivating drought resistant sugarcane varieties. [ Methods ] This study identified SnRK2 genes in S . spontaneum L. based on whole genome data , and conducted bioinformatics analysis and expression analysis under drought stress. [ Results ] 11 SnRK2 members were identified and named as SsSnRK2 . 1 to SsSnRK2 . 11 , which were unevenly distributed on 8 chromosomes. The amino acid residues of SsSnRK2s were ranged from 227 to 580 , the molecular weights were from 25 683.53 kD to 64 695.8 kD , the isoelectric points were from 4.62 to 8.94 , and all were hydrophilic proteins. The 11 SsSnRK2s could be divided into 3 subgroups , and the conserved motif sequences within the same subgroup were highly similar , with the number of exons ranging from 7 to 9. The promoters of SsSnRK2 members contained various hormone-related and abiotic stress responsive elements. SsSnRK2 members were expressed in a tissue-specific manner. All SsSnRK2 genes were able to respond to drought stress to various degrees. [ Conclusion ] The SsSnRK2 family plays a significant role in response to drought stress , providing a basis for the study of stress resistance in S . spontaneum L..

Exploring the stoichiometric characteristics of understory plants' leaves and soils in different forest types in Mao'ershan can reveal the adaptation strategies of understory plants in Mao'ershan, and provide data support for forest management. In this paper, coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest (ZK), evergreen broad-leaved secondary forest (CLC) and evergreen broad-leaved forest (CL) in Mao'ershan were selected as three forest types, the leaf stoichiometry of main plants in herb layer and shrub layer, and the soil stoichiometry under three forest types were measured and analyzed. The results were as follows: (1) There was no significant difference in leaf C and N contents between herb layer and shrub layer, but P and K contents in herb layer were extremely significantly higher than that in shrub layer, and N∶P was significantly lower than that in shrub layer. Plants in herb layer was more likely to be restricted by N, plants in shrub layer was more likely to be restricted by P and the utilization efficiency of N and P were higher. There was no significant difference in leaf stoichiometry of plants in shrub layer among different forest types, but there were significant differences in leaf N content, C∶N, C∶P of plants in herb layer among different forest types. Plants in herb layer of ZK had higher nutrient use efficiency. (2) The soil C and N contents of the three forest types showed that CL > CLC > ZK, and there were extremely significant differences among the three forest types. The soil P content of ZK were the highest, while that of C∶P and N∶P were the lowest. (3) Soil in ZK significantly affected some leaf stoichiometry of plants in herb layer and shrub layer, while the other two forest types had no significant effect on underforest plants. To sum up, there are significant or extremely significant differences in soil stoichiometry among different forest types in Mao'ershan. The nutrient requirements and environmental adaptation strategies of plants in herb layer and shrub layer are different. The soil of ZK has a strong influence on the leaf stoichiometry of understory plants, and the soil with low decomposition efficiency of organic matter in this forest type, and the soil is limited by N due to the low decomposition efficiency of organic matter, so the management of N in the mixed forest should be strengthened.

Objective·To establish various in vitro screening systems for the discovery of peptide inhibitors targeting the interaction between small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) and subunit 2 (SAE2), as well as to evaluate their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability to this research.Methods·The DNA fragments encoding human SAE1 and SAE2 were cloned into vector pET-28a, respectively, to generate protein SAE1 and SAE2. Purified proteins were used to establish screening assays, including isothermal calorimetry (ITC), fluorescence polarization (FP), surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and a fluorescence assay based on the SAE enzyme activity. The inhibitory activity of peptide candidates in different screening systems was examined, and their performance in terms of sensitivity, robustness, throughput and cost was evaluated.Results·The dissociation constant (Kd) of in vitro SAE1 and SAE2 interaction was determined to be 0.96 μmol/L by ITC, and PEPT7 was identified as the most potent peptide. However, the tracer of FP, which was derived from PEPT7, was not up to snuff due to its low affinity with SAE2. In the SPR assay, the Kd value (=1.13 μmol/L) of SAE1 and SAE2 interaction was in line with the results from ITC. The SAE enzyme activity-based screening assay revealed that HP1B, the most effective peptide, inhibited SAE with an half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 15.72 μmol/L. The affinity of HP1B for SAE1 was determined to be 34.4 μmol/L by SPR.Conclusion·Several common screening systems for protein-protein interation (PPI) inhibitors are established and compared. Among them, ITC does not allow for high-throughput screening and it is difficult to accurately evaluate the low-affinity polypeptides with insignificant binding heat. The feasibility of FP relies heavily on the strong affinity between a tracer peptide and the protein target, making it unsuitable for the screening and optimization of low-affinity peptides. SPR is highly sensitive but the cost is high. The SAE enzyme activity-based assay stands out because it is a combination of high sensitivity, robustness, throughput and acceptable cost.

The remote direct memory access (RDMA) technology, which has been effectively utilized to enhance data transfer rates and reduce CPU utilization, has played a significant role in various domains such as cross-regional data center transfers, high-performance computing, and rapid data read/write operations. However, despite its emerging status, RDMA has been lacking in widely recognized security solutions. With the expansion of RDMA applications from dedicated network environments to general Ethernet networks, the need to address the security risks faced by these applications has become imperative. A set of protective measures were established to ensure security without compromising transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the unique underlying implementation and protocol design of RDMA technology have resulted in incompatibility with existing mature security solutions and have led to the confrontation with specific security risks. The development of RDMA attack and defense technologies and the provision of security guarantees for the forthcoming widespread application of RDMA technology were elucidated The principles of RDMA technology and its implementation were proposed, with examples drawn from the InfiniBand (IB) and the RDMA over converged Ethernet (RoCE) second edition protocols. The security risks faced by RDMA applications in relevant scenarios were investigated, and a summary of the research progress in the RDMA security field over recent years was provided. Effective security solutions addressing these risks were compiled and, after their defensive capabilities were proven, a comparison of their advantages and disadvantages was conducted through theoretical analysis and experimental data. Finally, improvement plans and prospects for technological optimization in the RDMA attack and defense field were proposed.

Complicated terrains, specific regions, and high wind turbulence intensity frequently trigger shutdown protection of wind turbines due to vibration beyond the designated limit, resulting in serious loss of power generation. This paper aims at reducing the frequency of shutdowns and improving operational stability of wind turbines. Operational characteristics of wind turbines under complicated conditions such as specific regions and strong turbulent wind were analyzed. A fuzzy control approach was proposed based on pertinent theory, to deal with complicated operating conditions at specific sites. This strategy incorporates a vibration recognition algorithm to classify vibration conditions and a fuzzy control algorithm for vibration suppression based on the categorized conditions. Compared with the conventional shutdown or sector-based control methods, the proposed fuzzy control strategy of vibration suppression eliminates the frequent starting and stopping of wind turbines, thus ensuring power generation and improving operational stability. Furthermore, a simulation analysis was performed using Bladed software, taking 3.x MW wind turbines as the research object. Subsequent experimental verification was carried out at a wind farm. In the experiment, the application of the fuzzy vibration suppression control method effectively led to the quick ride-through of the wind turbine amid the complicated operating conditions including the specific region and strong turbulent wind. A 23.87% reduction in the maximum RMS of the front and rear accelerations of the nacelle demonstrated a substantial enhancement in the wind turbine reliability.

Objective The Bangong-Nujiang Suture Zone (BNSZ) serves as a boundary between the Qiangtang and Lhasa terranes of the Tibetan Plateau. The geometric structure and deformation characteristics of the "V" -shaped conjugate strike-slip faults along this late Quaternary boundary are important for understanding the spatially variable responses and tectonic models formed within the plateau as a result of the India-Eurasia plate collision. However, previous studies have primarily focused on the kinematic properties and activity rates of strike-slip faults in the eastern segment of the suture zone. The scarcity of information on the activity characteristics of strike-slip faults and paleoseismic events in the western segment of the suture zone has hindered our understanding of regional tectonic deformation and seismic activity. The Bue Co fault system, located in the western section of the BNSZ, is a (conjugate) strike-slip fault system consisting of the NE-trending Bue Co and NW-trending Lamu Co faults. Methods This study employs a combination of remote sensing interpretation and field surveys, utilizing high-resolution Digital Surface Models (DSM) collected by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to conduct a detailed analysis of surface ruptures and systematically decipher the geometric morphologies and late Quaternary deformation evidence of the NE-trending Bue Co Fault and the NW-trending Lamu Co Fault in the western section of the BNSZ. Results This study revealed significant fault activity since the late Quaternary period, with evidence of recent large earthquakes that caused surface ruptures extending >60 km along both faults. The Bue Co fault exhibits left-lateral strike-slip, with recent seismic displacements ranging from 3.7 to 4.2 m, whereas the Lamu Co fault shows right-lateral strike-slip with minimum displacements of 2.7 m. Both faults display normal faulting components in their surface rupture zones, and the vertical displacements are cumulative across landforms of various ages, indicating long-term fault activity. The latest activity intensities of the NW and NE faults in the western BNSZ were similar, suggesting that the deformation of the southern boundary of the Qiangtang block may be controlled by both fault sets, which extend into the interior of the block. Conclusion These findings reveal that (1) both the Bue Co and Lamu Co faults can generate strong earthquakes of magnitude ≥7, indicating active tectonic deformation and a high seismic hazard potential in the western section of the BNSZ; (2) the deformation in the western BNSZ is concentrated along the NW-trending strike-slip faults and active along the NE-trending strike-slip faults, which may jointly control the southern boundary of the eastward extrusion of the Qiangtang terrane and have extended into the interior of the terrane; and (3) the continuous deformation pattern is supported, revealing that material within the Tibetan Plateau is driven by mid-lower crustal flow extruding eastward, with the southern boundary of the extrusion potentially continuing northward through a series of strike-slip and normal faults. Significance These conclusions deepen our understanding of the activity and seismic potential of strike-slip faults in the western BNSZ and provide novel insights into the internal tectonic deformation patterns and dynamic background of the Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, this study provides an essential theoretical foundation for regional stability assessments and disaster mitigation planning.

Lung cancer is characterized by high incidence and mortality rates and invasiveness, and its occurrence and development are influenced by various factors. Mitochondria, as ubiquitous organelles in the human body, regulate cellular processes, such as metabolism, signal transduction, oxidative stress, and genomic instability, thereby affecting the initiation and progression of lung cancer. This article summarizes the recent research progress on mitochondrial-targeted drugs, mitochondrial transfer, and mitochondrial gene therapy for lung cancer treatment. This work also discusses the principles and prospects of mitochondrial therapy to provide new insights for lung cancer treatment.

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates on fruit quality of pitaya under the condition of calcareous soil in karst area were discussed in order to investigate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application level on fruit quality of pitaya under calcareous soil condition in karst area. The ‘Taiwan Dahong’ pitaya were used as the experiment material. Based on 0.216 kg of phosphorus (P) and 0.324 kg of potassium (K), four nitrogen (N) application levels (CK, T1, T2, T3) were setted. Twenty-one fruit quality indexes were determined, and the quality differences of pitaya with different N application levels (CK, T1, T2, T3) were compared. At the same time, eleven appearance quality indexes were comprehensively analyzed by principal component analysis. The results were as follows: (1) Compared with the control, N application could increase the contents of soluble sugar and soluble solids of fruit, reduce the contents of protein and dietary fiber, and the high nitrogen treatment (T3) was significantly different from other treatments. With the increase of N application, the contents of titratable acid and vitamin C of fruit increased firstly and then decreased, while the solid-acid ratio decreased firstly and then increased. T3 significantly increased the fruit vertical and horizontal diameters, fruit shape index and single fruit weight. (2) Compared with the control, N application treatment reduced the N content of pitaya fruit and increased the P content, and the N and P contents of each treatment were significantly different. The K content of fruit increased with the increase of N application. N application increased fruit boron (B) content and decreased fruit cuprum (Cu) content. The contents of manganese (Mn), ferrum (Fe), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in different treatments were ranked as T3 > T1 > CK > T2. The content of zinc (Zn) decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of N application. (3) The principal component comprehensive evaluation score of the high N treatment was the highest, indicating that when selecting brown calcareous soil in Guilin karst area to grow pitaya, supplemented by a certain amount of P and K fertilizers, high N treatment was more conducive to improving the quality of pitaya. Therefore, in actual production, it is necessary to make appropriate adjustments according to the soil fertility status of the plantation.

Objective·To explore the relationship of screen time and dietary behaviors with depressive symptoms in junior high school students in 5 provinces in China.Methods·A total of 1 067 junior high school students were selected from Zhejiang and Guangdong in the eastern region, Jiangxi in the central region, Sichuan and Guizhou in the western region of China by using stratified random cluster sampling method for a questionnaire survey, which included general demographic characteristics, health behaviors, diatery behaviors, and depressive symptoms. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the report rates of depressive symptoms, daily screen time and dietary behaviors of the students with variant demographic characteristics, and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship of daily screen time and dietary behaviors with depressive symptoms and the interaction effects as well.Results·The report rate of depressive symptoms was 12.9% in the junior high school students in 5 provinces. The students who were in the western region, were not only children, had a weekly allowance of over 100 yuan, had smoked or consumed alcohol, had daily screen time≥2 h, or had unhealthy dietary behaviors, had higher reporting rates of depressive symptoms (P

Objective To translate and optimize the vascular quality of life questionnaire (VascuQOL) into Chinese, and to obtain a VascuQOL version which is adapted to Chinese culture and language. Methods VascuQOL was translated into Chinese through sequential translation, back translation, revision of the VascuQOL items, expert consultation, cultural adaptation and pre-investigation. Then 302 patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans in Department of Vascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were enrolled as the research objects, and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested. Results The threshold ratio of each item of VascuQOL ranged from 3.086 to 17.605. The correlation coefficient between each item score and total score of the scale was in a range of 0.237 to 0.695 (P < 0.01). The content validity of each item ranged from 0.861 to 1.000, and the content validity of the total scale was 0.986. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) found 5 common factors with characteristic roots larger than 1, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 67.39%. The Chi-square value of Bartlett's spherical test was 3 289.061(P < 0.01). With Health Questionnaire EQ-5D-5L as the calibration criterion, the result of Pearson correlation analysis was 0.697. The Cronbach's α coefficient of internal consistency reliability was 0.871, and that of each dimension were 0.893, 0.859, 0.759, 0.569 and 0.727, respectively (P < 0.01). The test-retest reliability was 0.996. Conclusion Our Chinese revised VascuQOL has good reliability and validity and can be used to assess the quality of life of patients with lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans in China.

[Objective] Water and land resources are important factors of production for urban development. It is of great significance to explore the key factors in the utilization of water and soil resources in urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River to scientifically promote the rapid economic development of urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. [Methods] Taking the three major urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River as an example, by using LMDI addition model, the decomposition models of factors affecting the change of water resources consumption and the change of urban construction land quantity were constructed respectively for the three major urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from 2010 to 2019, and the effect values of different driving factors were calculated and compared. [Results] (1) Water use quota and industrial structure can inhibit the increase of water resource consumption, while economic scale and population scale will promote its increase. (2) The industrial scale, economic scale and population scale have a driving effect on the expansion of construction land, while the consumption intensity of urban construction land has a restraining effect on the expansion of construction land. (3) For the change of water resources utilization, there is a large gap in the optimization level of industrial structure among different cities in the middle reaches of the Yellow River; for the change of urban construction land, the comparison result of the total effect value of the three major urban agglomerations is Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration > Central Plains urban agglomeration > Jinzhong urban agglomeration. [Conclusion] Discussing the factors affecting the utilization of water and land resources in urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River from the perspective of regional differences and time differences will help to enrich relevant research on the sustainable use of water and land resources, and provide theoretical guidance for the sustainable development of urban agglomerations in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

BackgroundSextupoles are an important component of storage ring octonal unit in high energy synchrotron radiation sources. They require complex technological processes and precise center extraction. Therefore, it is necessary to find out the most reasonable calibration scheme for the mechanical center.PurposeThis study aims at the calibration scheme for the mechanical center extraction of high energy photon Ssurce (HEPS) sextupoles, and obtaining the corrected mechanical central coordinate system.MethodsThe method of directly measuring the reference plane of the sextupole was adopted for the mechanical center calibration of magnets. By rotating the conventional calibration coordinate system with a given pole seam deviation angle, the three polar seam surfaces were brought closer to the theoretical positions to decrease the main diagonal component of the sextupoles. The mechanical center calibrations were performed twice for each hexacode iron to further reduce the impact of the polar seam error.ResultsThe calibration results show that the calibration repeat accuracy is 0.005 mm for the sextupole. The standard deviation between the measured value and the design value of the pole seam spacing is 0.015 mm. Additionally, the standard deviation of the reference point before and after the rotation of the coordinate system is 0.09 mm, with a maximum rotation angle of 0.6 mrad.ConclusionsThe calibration scheme of this study can be used to improve the calibration accuracy and provide reference for the calibration of similar equipment. It ensures smooth installation of accelerator devices and is of significant importance for accelerator collimation measurements.

Objective: Reduced the damage of rose orange in the process of packaging and transportation, and provided a theoretical basis for postharvest storage and spectral quality testing. Methods: According to the basic geometric data of rose orange and the maximum compression force and puncture force obtained from TPA test and puncture test, the finite element model was constructed to simulate the compression of rose orange. Results: The diameter of rose orange ranged from 58.2 mm to 78.6 mm, the average weight was 169.746 g, the average thickness of peel at the equator was 3.1 mm, the maximum puncture force was 6.26 N, and the average rupture force was 126.802 N. Conclusion: The pressure resistance of rose orange equator is relatively weak to avoid extrusion and impact, and the force that rose orange can bear in the process of picking and transportation should not exceed 100 N.

[Objective] Pressure regulation systems, serving as one of the vital links between long-distance pipelines and urban gas pipeline networks, play a significant role in the successful implementation of the “Hydrogen Society” Program. However, the contrasting physical properties of hydrogen and natural gas impose challenges to the effectiveness of process control in pressure regulation. [Methods] This study employed a combined approach involving decompression and pressure regulation experiments conducted on pure hydrogen and hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas(HCNG), along with dynamic simulations of pressure regulation. By establishing a foundation for assessing the pressure stabilization effect of the decompression and pressure regulation system, considering factors such as pressure stabilization accuracy, response time, and fitness function, a sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the influence of various parameters, including hydrogen blending ratios, flow fluctuation cycles, downstream flow change ranges, pipeline transmission pressures, as well as proportional, integral, and derivative parameters(PID). [Results] The following results were obtained:(1) With more frequent disturbances, gas flow rates increased, leading to larger system fluctuation ranges. Consequently, achieving pressure stabilization became more challenging for the decompression and pressure regulation system. This finding highlighted the importance of restraining the movement of pure hydrogen and HCNG at high flow rates in transmission pipelines.(2) The flow rate of the pressure regulation system carried sinusoidal fluctuations. Setting the pressure stabilization accuracy at ±1.5% and the proportional and integral parameters within the range of 1 to 2, the decompression and pressure regulation experiments showed that the decompression and pressure regulation of pure hydrogen and HCNG could be substantially achieved within the required pressure range of urban gas pipelines.(3) Pure hydrogen exhibited greater instantaneous fluctuations compared to natural gas when flowing through pipelines at identical rates of transmission.As a consequence, the response time and adaptability function of the control system gradually increased with higher hydrogen blending ratios. Moreover, the instantaneous pressure fluctuation of pure hydrogen reached 1.15 times that of pure methane, resulting in a response time and adaptability function of the control system that increased to 1.13 and 2.68 times those of pure methane, respectively. Under the same proportional and integral parameters, it was more challenging to maintain the pressure stabilization for the hydrogen-containing gas. Hence, decreasing the integral parameter or increasing the proportional parameter proportionally to the hydrogen blending ratio is recommended, to attain the same or even better pressure stabilization effect as observed in natural gas scenarios. [Conclusion] The research findings provide theoretical insights to guide the pressure regulation practices of pipelines carrying pure hydrogen and HCNG.

ObjectiveTo explore the variation rules and health risks of trihalomethane in regional drinking water， and to provide evidence for the innovative water processing technology and the optimization of drinking water quality.MethodsBased on regional drinking water sanitation monitoring， non-parametric rank sum test was used to analyze the effects of residual trihalomethane production in different periods and with disinfection methods. The United States environmental protection agency （USEPA） classic "four-step" health risk assessment model was used to evaluate the carcinogenic risk and non-carcinogenic risk of trihalomethane through drinking water exposure.ResultsThe yield of trichloromethane in wet season was 6.3 μg·L-1， which was higher than that in dry season. Compared with chlorination pretreatment， ozone pretreatment reduced the content of bromomethane dichloromethane. Compared to liquid chlorine disinfection， sodium hypochlorite treatment incresed the levels of trichloromethane and bromomethane chloride. Although the total carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of trihalomethane in drinking water in the region were at safe levels， they were above the acceptable limits occasionally. The highest carcinogenic risk of trihalomethane were dichlorobromomethane and chlorodibromomethane，and the highest non-carcinogenic risk was trichloromethane. The health risk of children was 1.2 times higher than that for adults.ConclusionThe production of residual trihalomethane in drinking water in this area is relatively low， which is less harmful to the health of adults and children. Monitoring， including other disinfection byproducts， should continue and appropriate disinfection techniques for drinking water should be explored.

BackgroundPollution prevention and control of surface water is the focus of joint prevention and control work in the Yangtze River Delta Demonstration zone. As an important part of the zone, Qingpu District of Shanghai is rich in water resources. However, there are many livestock, poultry, and aquaculture, which may result in potential pollution risks of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs). ObjectiveTo investigate the pollution levels and distribution characteristics of typical PPCPs in the surface water of Qingpu District of Shanghai, and to conduct a preliminary environmental risk assessment for the chemicals with relatively high concentrations. MethodsSurface water samples at 15 pre-determined sites in Qingpu District of Shanghai were collected according to the Technical specifications for surface water environmental quality monitoring (HJ 91.2-2022), focusing on sewage treatment plants and animal husbandry and aquaculture farms with potential PPCP discharge. A total of 47 PPCPs were determined by automated solid phase extraction coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in the collected surface water samples. The regional distribution characteristics of different PPCPs were analyzed. Risk quotient was applied to access the preliminary environmental risk of 17 key PPCPs with relatively high concentrations. ResultsThe results showed that 36 PPCPs were positive with a maximum concentration range of 0.53–1720.00 ng·L−1 and a detection rate range of 6.67%–100.00%. The dominant detected PPCPs were neurostimulants (caffeine), sulfonamides, quinolones, and cardiovascular drugs. Caffeine was determined in a concentration range of 77.10–1720.00 ng·L−1, accounting for 65.28% of the total detected PPCPs. Sulfonamides accounted for 10.38% and the typical sulfonamides were sulfadiazine and sulfamethoxazole with the highest detected concentrations of 349.00 ng·L−1 and 23.40 ng·L−1, respectively. In contrast, quinolones and cardiovascular drugs had relatively low proportions (7.08% and 6.59%, respectively). According to the spatial distribution analysis of PPCPs in the surface water of Qingpu District, it exhibited a trend of high pollution level in the northeast and southern regions and a low pollution level in the central region, except for a few sites. Although the caffeine concentration in surface water was high, its ecotoxicity effect was low without obvious environmental risk. However, sulfadiazine and sarafloxacin had a potential high risk (risk quotient: 1.10–2.59). The environmental risks of sarafloxacin might be overestimated for its limited ecotoxicity data. Potential moderate risks (risk quotient: 0.103–0.980) were identified for sertraline, carbamazepine, fluoxetine, and ciprofloxacin, etc. Medium or high environmental risk was found in 2–5 kinds of PPCPs in each sampling site. ConclusionPollution of PPCPs to certain extent in the surface water of Qingpu District of Shanghai is determined. Identified potential environmental risks are posed by sulfonamides, quinolones, and neuropathic drugs. It is suggested to strengthen the supervision of sulfanilamides and quinolones, and formulate policies of the use and emission management of key neuropathic drugs.

Functional movement disorder (FMD) is a common subtype of functional neurological disorder (FND). Currently, multi⁃disciplinary team (MDT) is recommended for FMD. In addition to drug and psychological treatment, rehabilitation treatment is also of great value. Rehabilitation treatment improve the motor control function of patients through the comprehensive application of physical therapy, non ⁃ invasive nerve stimulation therapy and occupational therapy, enhance the activities of daily living (ADL). This article reviews the progress of rehabilitation treatment for FMD, so as to provide theoretical basis for accurate rehabilitation treatment for FMD.

Objective To evaluate the short-term efficacy and quality of life of primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients after radiotherapy and pregabalin treatment for neuropathic pain with bone metastasis. Methods 32 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma bone metastases were treated with radiotherapy combined with pregabalin treatment.Then, we prospectively studied the analgesic efficacy for neuropathic pain and quality of life, used the brief pain inventory and douleur neuropathique 4 questionnaire (DN4) to evaluate pain at baseline, one and two months after radiotherapy, assessed pain response using the international consensus endpoint definition of bone metastasis, and used European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Research and Treatment Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and bone metastasis module (QLQ-BM22) for quality of life assessment. Results One and two months after radiotherapy, the average DN4 score of neuropathic pain decreased, and the objective pain relief rates were 62.8% and 68.6%, respectively.The physical, emotional, social, and role functional scores of EORTC QLQ-C30 functional scale significantly increased in the first month after radiotherapy.Symptom scale of pain (P=0.015), insomnia (P=0.035), and loss of appetite (P=0.022) improved, and fatigue was aggravated (P < 0.05).Two months after radiotherapy, the mean overall health score and all functional scale scores significantly increased than those at baseline.The scores of all symptom scales decreased, except fatigue, constipation, and financial difficulties (P < 0.05).In addition, pain responders showed significant improvement in emotional function (P=0.025) and physical function (P=0.029) in the functional scale and in pain (P=0.014) and fatigue (P=0.035) in the symptom scale.The QLQ-BM22 score showed that the painful sites (P=0.021) and pain characteristics (P=0.04) of the responders significantly improved compared with those of nonresponders two months after radiotherapy. Conclusion Radiotherapy combined with pregabalin can relieve neuropathic pain caused by bone metastasis from primary hepatocellular carcinoma and greatly improve the quality of life, particularly in pain responders.

[Objective] The carbon sinks of soil and vegetation were monitored and evaluated in order to provide technology and methodology for implementing dynamic monitoring and evaluation of carbon sinks for soil and water conservation projects, and to provide theoretical and methodological support for soil and water conservation projects to participate in carbon emissions trading, and to research and formulate relevant rules. [Methods] The carbon storage capacity of the vegetation carbon pool and soil carbon pool in Luodihe small watershed at Changting County, Fujian Province during 2001—2022 was calculated through field sampling analysis and LiDAR collection of relevant parameters. Carbon sink capacity of various soil and water conservation management measures in the small watershed was evaluated. [Results] ① After 21 years of comprehensive management, various soil and water conservation measures in the study area have significantly improved the role and capacity of carbon sinks. The carbon storage of the small watershed increased by 3.97×104 t, with an average annual increase of 1.89×103 t/yr. ② The carbon storage of soil and vegetation carbon pools increased by 73.73% and 346.41%, respectively, during 2001—2022. The carbon sink of the small watershed reached 3.05×104 t, of which 1.66×104 t was attributed to the soil carbon sink and 1.39×104 t was attributed to the vegetation carbon sink. ③ There were differences in the ability of various measures to increase the carbon sinks. Chestnut forest land and fertilized Pinus massoniana forest land increased carbon sink the most obviously, followed by coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, nursery and managed P. massoniana, horizontal grade land preparation of P. massoniana forest, and finally close management and bayberry forest land. [Conclusion] Various soil and water conservation measures had obvious effects on carbon retention, carbon sequestration, and carbon sink increase. The carbon sink capacity of forest land such as chestnut forest and fertilized P. massoniana forest land with land preparation, afforestation, and fertilization and breeding measures was even more significant. These practices provide an effective means for improving the efficiency of soil and water retention and for increasing carbon sink.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the composition and the functional bioactivity of tea polyphenols from cocoa tea. Methods: Chemical components of crude green tea polyphenol extracts from cocoa tea were analyzed and identified using high resolution mass spectrometry. Additionally, their potential functional effects were predicted by network pharmacological analysis. Results: The in vitro hyperglycemic potential of crude green tea polyphenol from cocoa tea was preliminarily confirmed based on their strong inhibition on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Six key targets including GAPDH and AKT and multiple pathways such as PI3K-AKT were predicted to be involved in the underying mechanisms behind the hyperglycemic effects of crude green tea polyphenol from cocoa tea through the GO enrichment and KEGG enrichment analysis. Ten polyphenol components including myricetin, anthocyanin, etc. were suggested to play a key role in the hyperglycemic activities of crude green tea polyphenol from cocoa tea via the construction of a “component-target-pathway” network combined with the molecular docking between these components and starch hydrolase. Conclusion: Crude green tea polyphenols from cocoa tea exerted a high hypoglycemic effect by regulating multi-targets through multi-pathways via multi-components.

Aiming at the problems in the path planning of the manipulator by artificial potential field (APF) method, a method combining the APF adaptive variable step size in the joint space and goal-biased rapidly-exploring random tree (RRT) is proposed. The APF obstacle avoidance planning is performed in the joint space to reduce the number of inverse kinematics and the sudden change of joint angles. The collision and target unreachability problems in the path planning are solved by improving the repulsive and gravitational potential field functions. The Cauchy probability distribution is used to change the joint angle step size through the distance between the end point and the obstacle. By adjusting the bias of the RRT algorithm, suitable temporary target points are generated to solve the local minima problem of the APF. The obstacle avoidance simulation of the manipulator is carried out in the presence of local minima of the APF. Adaptive variable-step path planning can generate smooth trajectories and improve the search efficiency. The goal-biased RRT selects the temporary target point and the overall path length becomes smaller. The picking manipulator can effectively meet the requirements of obstacle avoidance picking tasks under the improved algorithm.

Objective·To detect the differences in m6A methylation modification and gene expression of liver tissue mRNA in high-fat diet-induced mouse models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) using microarray technology.Methods·The NAFLD models were established in 6-8 weeks old male C57BL/6J mice fed with high-fat chow for 16 weeks (high-fat group, n=10). The basal group (n=10) was given 10% fat diet. Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining was used to assess the histopathological changes in liver tissue and to determine the success of the NAFLD models. The changes of mRNA m6A methylation and expression levels in the liver tissues of the two groups were detected by using methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP) and microarray expression profiling.Results·The livers of the mice in the basal group were bright red with few fat deposits, while the livers of the mice in the high-fat group were yellowish with diffuse infiltration and fusion of lipid droplets in the hepatocytes by H-E staining, suggesting that the high-fat diet-induced NAFLD models were successfully constructed. The results of the MeRIP-microarray showed that the m6A methylation levels of 320 genes in the livers of mice in the high-fat group were significantly altered compared with those in the basal group (P1.5), of which 108 genes were up-regulated and 212 genes were down-regulated. Genes with significant differences in m6A methylation levels between the two groups were intersected with those with differentially expressed mRNAs, and 163 genes were found to have significant differences in both m6A methylation level and mRNA expression level.Conclusion·The change in m6A modification of liver tissue mRNA in the high-fat diet-induced mouse models of NAFLD is significant and the change is associated with the gene expression of mRNA.

Objective: To study the effect of Yujing Jiangtang Recipe on blood glucose, lipid and antioxidation in type 2 diabetes rats. Methods: High fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg STZ were used to establish the model of type 2 diabetes rats. The successful rats were randomly divided into diabetes model group, metformin group (0.2 g/kg), low, medium and high dose Yujing Jiangtang Recipe groups (1、2、4 g/kg), and another normal control group with nine rats in each group. The treatment group was gavaged with corresponding dose, the normal control group and the diabetes model group were gavaged with 10 mL/kg normal saline according to weight, and each group was gavaged once a day for six consecutive weeks. During the experiment, observe and record the weight changes of rats in each group, and measure the fasting blood glucose (FBG). After continuous gavage for six weeks, the abdominal aorta blood of rats was taken, the fasting insulin (FINS) level and the percentage content of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured, and the HOMA-IR, ISI were calculated. The contents of serum TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C were measured. The serum levels of MDA, SOD, GSH, NO, GSH-Px and CAT were measured by ELISA. The pancreatic tissue of rats was stained with HE to observe the pathological changes of rats. Results: Compared with the diabetes model group, the body weight of the high dose group of Yujing Jiangtang Recipe increased significantly (P

ObjectiveThis study aimed to provide basic data for the regulatory authorities to formulate regulatory policies or for the preparation and revision of national standards by investigating the content level of furfural pollutants in coffee and its products.MethodsFurfural pollutants in coffee and its products were detected by gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The results were analyzed and counted using Excel and SAS.ResultsThree furfural pollutants were detected in 52 samples， the content level of furfural pollutants was 5-hydroxymethylfurfural > furfural > 5-methylfurfural， and the highest content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was 2 587 mg/kg. By category analysis， it was found that the change trend was pure instant coffee > two-in-one instant coffee > coffee bean （powder） > coffee beverage. According to the proportion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in the total amount of furfural pollutants， it was found that the change trend was pure instant coffee / two-in-one instant coffee > coffee bean （powder） / coffee beverage.ConclusionThe survey results show that all coffee types and their products contain furfural pollutants and their content levels are consistent with foreign literature reports.

Considering that a personal car spends about 95% of its life in parking mode, calendar aging can have a significant impact on battery life. High temperature storage is a common method for rapid evaluation of battery calendar life. In order to obtain reliable results of high temperature accelerated aging test, it is necessary to study the aging mechanism of battery stored at different temperature conditions. In this paper, the calendar aging experiment of graphite-SiOx/NCM811 pouch cells were carried out within the temperature range of 25-55℃. The differential curve analysis and post-mortem analysis were used to explore the aging mechanism. The results show that the calendar aging of pouch cells is mainly caused by the loss of lithium inventory and the loss of cathode active materials. When cells store at higher temperature, the loss of lithium inventory and the loss of cathode active materials increase, while the loss of anode active materials remains relatively unchanged. Based on various test results, it can be inferred that the parasitic reactions on the surface of electrode lead to the loss of lithium inventory and the increase of SEI. With the increase of storage temperature, this side reaction continues and consumes more lithium inventory. It is worth mentioning that when storage at 55℃, the microcracking develops and even breaks some of the secondary particles of cathode materials. Therefore, the pouch cells suffer severe loss of cathode active materials, which makes it inappropriate to accelerate the aging of batteries at such high temperature.

BackgroundThe neutron scintillator detector is one of the main detectors for China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). High detection efficiency is the design goal of the second-generation neutron scintillator detector, which is in process of development, composed of neutron scintillation screen, wavelength transfer optical fiber and photoelectric converter. CSNS_VASD chip is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) developed for China Spallation Neutron Source as the second-generation neutron scintillator detector.PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the performance of the front-end ASIC chip CSNS_VASD by experimental test.MethodsThe combined architecture of "ASIC test board plus digital readout board" was adopted for overall test system design. The ASIC test board was used to amplify, shape and distinguish signals whilst the digital readout board took the roles of configuring the ASIC and its auxiliary circuits, packing and caching the test data, and sending it to the back end for processing and analysis through optical fiber Ethernet. The relevant performance parameters of the chip were tested in the laboratory using exponential like wave test signal with amplitude of 10~120 MV, pulse width of 1 μs and frequency of 100 K as the input signal of ASIC chip, and the neutron beamline of CSNS.ResultsThe results show that the nonlinear error of CSNS_VASD is better than 1%, the equivalent voltage noise is better than 0.63 mV, the crosstalk value is better than 0.89%, and the detection efficiency of the detector is 40.7%@0.1 nm.ConclusionsAll of the test indexes meet the requirement of the design target. The successful development of the CSNS_VASD chip provides a reliable technical guarantee for the smooth construction of China Spallation Neutron Source.

Biotechnology is crucial for the sustainable development of the aquatic seed industry. Therefore, improving the innovation capability in aquatic breeding and making seed sources independent are significant for ensuring food security in China. This study summarizes the development status and problems of aquatic breeding in China and analyzes the status of research and application of seven types of biotechnology for aquatic breeding, namely, transgenic breeding, ploidy breeding, molecular-marker-assisted breeding, genomic selection breeding, genome editing breeding, molecular design breeding, and germline stem cell transplantation; future research and development demand for these technical fields in China is further analyzed. Moreover, future development goals and major tasks are suggested, including collecting, preserving, and accurately identifying excellent germplasm resources of aquatic organisms, profoundly analyzing the genetic basis and regulatory mechanism of critical traits, developing efficient and accurate breeding technologies, and achieving breakthroughs in the creation of new varieties. Furthermore, following suggestions are proposed: optimizing development policies of the aquatic seed industry, promoting technological innovation in aquatic breeding, establishing platforms for aquatic variety creation and transformation, and setting up special projects to accelerate technological innovation and development of the aquatic seed industry.

One of the key problems restricting the commercial application of controllable nuclear fusion reactors is plasma facing materials (PFMs). As the most promising PFMs, there are still many problems in the applications of tungsten and tungsten alloys. Due to their high strength at elevated temperatures, high melting point and good irradiation resistance, refractory multi-principal-element alloys are expected to meet the needs of PFMs. In the present study, (TiVTa)95X5(X=Cr, Zr, W) was designed and manufactured by using arc-melting. The effects of the addition of Cr, Zr and W on the microstructure and phase stability at 900 ℃ of TiVTa-based alloys were investigated by XRD, SEM and EDS. The results show that as-cast TiVTa-based alloys are simple solid solutions with BCC structure. After homogenization treatment at 1200 ℃, phase decomposition occurs in the (TiVTa)95Cr5 alloy, and a small amount of second phase C15_Laves appears in the matrix. At 900 ℃, TiVTa-based alloys are all decomposed into a BCC main phase and a C15_Laves second phase which mainly distributed along the grain boundaries, and the volume fraction of the second phase in TiVTa and (TiVTa)95W5 alloys is small whereas the addition of Cr and Zr intensifies the phase decomposition. After phase structure and elemental analysis, the lattice constant and elemental composition of the precipitated C15_Laves phases in (TiVTa)95X5(X=Cr, Zr, W) alloys are inconsistent with the possible Laves phase in the binary alloy system, and the difference is mainly attributed to the elemental composition of the Laves phase.

In the on-board environment of new energy passenger vehicles, IGBT modules are prone to the risk of vibration fatigue failure due to the influence of road roughness and engine rotation. In order to ensure the reliability of IGBT modules in service, it is of great significance to evaluate their vibration fatigue lifetime. The internal structure of IGBT module is complicated, so it is impossible to directly evaluate the vibration fatigue lifetime based on a physical model alone. To this end, an evaluation method is proposed in this paper to determine the vibration fatigue lifetime of IGBT modules. Firstly, the failure lifetime data of IGBT modules under high vibration magnitudes are obtained by an acceleration test. Secondly, the reliability lifetime distribution under the actual working conditions is obtained from the lifetime distribution statistical model based on the Weibull distribution, and then the reliability lifetime data in the practical application is obtained. The experimental results show that this method can effectively predict the failure rate of IGBT modules used in batches, which provides guarantee for reasonable management and control of application risks.

Objective To summarize the clinical features of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in a single center and analyze the influencing factors of clinical outcomes so as to provide experience for pediatric ECMO management. Methods A case-control trial was carried out on 35 children undergoing ECMO support from May 2018 to January 2022 in our department. According to the clinical outcomes, they were divided into survival group (n=22) and death group (n=13). Duration of mechanical ventilation, Pediatric Risk of Mortality Ⅲ (PRISM Ⅲ) score and results of laboratory tests before ECMO support, and incidence rates of comorbidities and/or complications during ECMO support were compared between the 2 groups. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the influencing factors of clinical outcomes in children with ECMO support. Results There were no significant differences in age distribution, gender, primary diseases, PICU hospitalization time, hospitalization cost, ECMO support mode, and potential of hydrogen (pH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactic acid (Lac), partial activated thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) before ECMO support between the 2 groups (all P>0.05). Compared with the survival group, the death group had lower body weight (P=0.004), higher PRISM Ⅲ score (P=0.001), longer duration of mechanical ventilation (P=0.009) and lower oxygenation index (OI) (P=0.039) before ECMO, and higher incidence of concomitant and/or combined acute kidney injury (AKI) (P=0.032) and higher use of renal replacement therapy during ECMO (P=0.024). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PRISM Ⅲ score before ECMO support (OR=1.482, 95%CI: 1.043~2.105, P=0.028) and concomitant and/or combined AKI during ECMO (OR=0.055, 95%CI: 0.004~0.676, P=0.023) were independent risk factors for death in critically ill children supported by ECMO. Conclusion PRISM Ⅲ score before ECMO operation and concomitant and/or combined AKI during ECMO are independent risk factors for predicting death in critically ill children with ECMO support.

The incidence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Asians is significantly higher than that in Westerners. For the past few years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) /programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis have become a part of the treatment paradigm for advanced NSCLC, opening a new era of immunotherapy for lung cancer. However, previous clinical trials reported that advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation could not benefit from ICIs monotherapy. The immunotherapy outcomes of different EGFR mutant subtypes showed diverse. The interim results of the latest clinical trial ORIENT-31 showed that immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and anti-angiogenesis significantly improved the progression-free survival of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) resistant advanced NSCLC patients, providing a new therapeutic strategy for those EGFR mutant patients. The tumor microenvironment of EGFR-mutated NSCLC is immunosuppressed. Targeting the key immunomodulatory factors that play important roles in the immunosuppression may promote the response of EGFR-mutated tumors to immunotherapy and provide a new synergistic immune combination therapy strategy, which will enrich the clinical treatment options and improve the survival prognosis of EGFR-TKIs-resistant NSCLC patients. This article summarizes the latest clinical progression of immunotherapy in advanced NSCLC with EGFR mutation, the differences of immunotherapy efficacy among different EGFR mutation subtypes, the synergistic mechanism of combined immunotherapy and the potential molecular target combining with immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

The univariate non-stationary growth model (UNGM) is widely used in the verification of nonlinear filters, and the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is often used as the reference filter for comparative analysis when using this model to evaluate the filter performance. However, due to the strong nonlinearity of UNGM and the change of model properties with different parameter settings, the estimation misalignment problem due to different reasons will occur when UKF is used for filtering. To solve these problems, this paper analyzes the complex characteristics of UNGM in filtering process, and proposes an UKF with sliding sampling module(SSUKF). The algorithm is optimized on the basis of UKF, and can effectively deal with the complex characteristics of UNGM by sampling and analyzing the filtering information in the filtering process and correcting the distribution of Sigma points in real time. SSUKF is applied to UNGM under different parameters and compared with UKF and bootstrap particle filter(BPF). The simulation results show that SSUKF can effectively solve the misalignment problem when UKF is applied to UNGM, and the calculation speed is better than BPF. Compared with UKF, SSUKF is suitable as a benchmark filter for evaluating the performance of nonlinear filters using UNGM.

Ougan (Citrus Suavissima Hort. ex Tanaka) as a long history of edible and medicinal fruit, has a unique taste, and can clear heat, detoxify, eliminate phlegm and relieve cough. However, because of its slight bitterness, it has a strong regional consumption and is not widely accepted. This review focuses on the preparation technology and content analysis of nutritional and functional components in Ou orange, summarizes the research and development status of the processing products of ou orange, such as traditional "Gan er wen" and tangerine peel, as well as new Ougan enzyme, fruit vinegar and fruit wine, and points out the future research direction in the field of deep processing of ou orange.

In order to improve the anti-corrosion performance of epoxy coatings, modified nano-ZrO2/Zn-Al-C epoxy resin composite coatings were prepared by using γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550) to improve the agglomeration phenomenon of nano-ZrO2 particles in combination with Zn-Al-C alloy powder. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the structural changes of nano-ZrO2 before and after the modification. With electrochemical AC impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and polarization curves (Tafel), the corrosion behavior of the composite coatings in simulated geothermal water environment was analyzed. The results show that the nano-ZrO2 surface is successfully grafted with KH-550; the number of corrosion scaling products on the surface of the composite coating is significantly reduced compared with the original sheet after full immersion in simulated geothermal water for 720 h; the self-corrosion current density is 6.113×10-10 (A·cm-2), and the electrochemical performance is good. The modified epoxy composite coating effectively utilizes the superior properties of nanomaterials and metallic materials, and its hardness and corrosion resistance are improved significantly, which provides a reference for the long-term use of epoxy coating in geothermal water environment.

Taking gob-side entry retaining in Sichuan Coal Group Xuyong No.1 mine as an engineering background, the displacement inverse analysis method is used to calibrate the physical and mechanical parameters test results of coal and rock, and the numerical simulation method is used to analyze the mine pressure distribution law of gob-side entry retaining roadway. Field observation shows that during the working face mining, the maximum relative displacement of roadway roof and floor is 743 mm. Roof subsidence is the main displacement mode of roadway roof and floor. The average roof subsidence is 3.6 times of floor heave, and the numerical simulation result is 3.5 times. The parameter calibration results show that the reduction of elastic modulus and cohesion has a significant impact on the roof and floor approach. At the same calculation step, the roof and floor approach increases with the decrease of elastic modulus and cohesion. When the elastic modulus is reduced to 20%, the maximum value of roof and floor approach increases to 800 mm. The numerical simulation results show that the abutment pressure at the high wall of gob-side entry retaining roadway at the rear of mining face increases significantly, and the abutment pressure distribution is low on both sides and “convex” with the middle height, and the peak value of abutment pressure increases with the advance of working face. The influence range of the average leading abutment pressure of the working face is 77 m.

In order to improve the dust control efficiency of swirling air curtain in fully mechanized excavation face and reduce the pollution of high concentration dust, this paper analyzes the influence of dust extraction area on swirling air curtain dust control by combining numerical simulation with engineering measurement. The results show that with the increase of the distance between the air extraction vent and the working face, the farther the air extraction duct is from the side wall of the roadway opposite to the air compression duct, the lower the dust control ability of the working face flow field, and the higher the diffusion distance and diffusion angle of the high concentration dust. Based on the simulation results, it is determined that the optimal dust extraction area of the swirling air curtain dust control in the fully mechanized excavation face is 2 m away from the working face, and the air extraction duct is installed on the side wall of the roadway opposite to the air compression duct. Through engineering application, the validity of the numerical simulation conclusion is verified. The dust concentration at the driver of driving machine can be reduced to 24.6 mg/m3, the dust control efficiency of the air curtain reaches 91%.

The rotary excitation valve is one of the key components for the high-frequency and high-pressure electro-hydraulic excitation system, and its dynamic characteristics directly affect the performance of the entire excitation system.In order to study the dynamic characteristics of the rotary excitation valve under the coupling effect of Fluid-Thermal-Solid multi-field. First, the flow field of the rotary excitation valve was dynamically simulated by the sliding grid method through Fluent simulation, and the simulation results were verified by the measured flow rate of the rotary excitation valve. Then, the Fluid-Thermal-Solid multi-field coupling simulation of the rotary excitation valve was performed by using ANSYS. The thermal characteristics and thermal deformation laws of the rotary excitation valve was studied when the pressure difference between inlet and outlet ΔP are 5 MPa, 10 MPa, 15 MPa and the oil temperature are 20℃, 40℃, 60℃ respectively. The research results show that the internal flow field and temperature field of the rotary vibration valve are not uniformly distributed. The temperature of fluid near the valve core and the wall of valve body is higher, and the center temperature is lower.Due to the impact of the fluid at the outlet of rotary excitation valve, a local high temperature will be generated, resulting in thermal deformation of the valve core groove and the valve body outlet port.When the pressure difference between inlet and outlet at 15 MPa, the thermal deformation is 3.789 4 μm, and the oil inlet temperature at 60℃, the thermal deformation is 7.701 7 μm. Therefore, choosing the pressure difference between inlet and outlet and oil temperature is beneficial to the operational characteristics for rotary excitation valve. The theoretical data for the structural design and optimization of the rotary excitation valve are provided.

To obtain the filling material with good compression mechanical properties, two kinds of orthogonal trapezoidal honeycomb aluminum with different structures were manufactured（90°orthogonal trapezoidal honeycomb aluminum and 45° orthogonal trapezoidal honeycomb aluminum）, the mechanical properties of the material under quasi-static axial loading was analyzed. Two kinds of orthogonal trapezoidal honeycomb aluminum were filled with polyurethane foam, and the effect of polyurethane filling on the orthogonal trapezoidal honeycomb aluminum was analyzed. The results show that compared with 45° orthogonal trapezoidal aluminum honeycomb, the performance of 90° orthogonal trapezoidal honeycomb aluminum is better, and the peak stress, plateau stress and unit volume absorption energy of the two kinds of orthogonal trapezoidal honeycomb aluminum are improved after polyurethane filling. However, the energy absorption efficiency is not significantly improved after being filled with polyurethane, and the strain corresponding to the maximum energy absorption efficiency decreases.

Mesenchymal to epithelial transition factor (MET) often plays a crucial role in cell homeostasis, motility and apoptosis, while its alterations can promote the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors cells. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), MET genetic alterations include MET exon 14 skipping mutations, MET amplification, MET fusion, MET-tyrosine kinase domain and overexpression. Based on the understanding of the potential therapeutic targets of MET, the investigators propose 3 strategies of MET targeting for clinical trials: MET tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including crizotinib, capmatinib, tepotinib, savolitinib, and cabozantinib; MET or hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) monoclonal antibodies, including emibetuzumab vedotin and ficlatuzumab; and MET or HGF antibody-drug conjugate and bispecific antibodies, including telisotuzumab and amivantamab. In this article, we review the progress of MET genetic alteration and its treatment progress, hope to provide more precise treatment for the patients with MET alterations, and provide new ideas for the efficacy and drug resistance of targeted therapy and immunotherapy.