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Currently, PID control method is mainly used for the pitch control of coal mine roadheader, and the control precision is not high in the case of time-varying and nonlinear hydraulic system during the pitch control of roadheader. The pitch control of roadbeader is realized by controlling the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder. Combining the traditional PID algorithm with fuzzy control and neural network, the accuracy of the stroke control of the hydraulic cylinder can be effectively improved. In order to solve the above problems, a pitch control method for coal mine roadheader based on fuzzy neural network PID is proposed. By analyzing the kinematic relationship of the support part of the roadheader, the mathematical relationship between the pitch angle and the hydraulic cylinder of the support part is obtained. The working principle of the pitch control hydraulic system of the roadheader is introduced, and the hydraulic system and its transfer function model are established. The method combines fuzzy control with neural networks to form a fuzzy neural network. The method optimizes PID control parameters by using the fuzzy neural network. The method combines the mathematical model of the support mechanism and the transfer function model of the hydraulic system to establish a fuzzy neural network PID control model for the pitch angle of the roadheader. It achieves automatic and precise control of the pitch mechanism of the coal mine roadheader. This method can make the pitch mechanism of the roadheader reach the preset position more quickly and accurately, solving the time-varying and nonlinear problems in the pitch control of roadheader. The simulation results show that the fuzzy neural network PID control algorithm reduces tracking errors by 69.34% and 74.49% respectively compared to fuzzy PID and PID control algorithms. The method simulates the pitch control of coal mine roadheaders under sudden and following working conditions through hydraulic cylinder displacement control. The results show that compared with fuzzy PID and PID control algorithms, the fuzzy neural network PID control algorithm has the smallest pitch control tracking error, shortens the average response time to position signals by 27.22% and 50.33% respectively, and has better dynamic control performance.

Objective: Kudzu root, fern root, lily, and yam bean are characteristic plant resources in Wuling Mountain Area, the gelatinization and instant properties of these four starches was analyzed in this study. Methods: SEM, RVA, and DSC were used to investigate the gelatinization properties of the starches, and the transparency and apparent fluidity of starch pastes was used to analysis the instant properties. Results: The granule of kudzu root, fern root, and yam bean starches showed similar morphology, most of which are spherical, but lily starch exhibited spindle-shaped morphology. The RVA results showed that the peak viscosity of lily starch was the highest [(7.00±0.03) Pa·s] among these four starches. The setback value of kudzu root starch and lily starch was more than fern root starch and yam bean starch, which indicating that kudzu root starch and lily starch was easy to retrograde. The DSC results showed that the initial gelatinization temperature of fern root starch was 59.4 ℃, which was the lowest among these starches, indicating that it was easy to gelatinize. Lily starch has the highest gelatinization enthalpy, which is 15.64 J/g, indicating that more heat was required for gelatinization. After gelatinization, the kudzu root starch paste has the best transparency with a light transmittance of 29.11%, while lily starch paste has a light transmittance of only 12.25%. Kudzu root starch paste and lily starch paste was easy to form gels, but the fluidity was poor. Conclusion: Lily starch and kudzu root starch have similar instant properties and have potential for the development of instant foods, fern root starch and cold potato starch showed a lower retrogradation value, and their paste showed better fluidity, which can be used to inhibit the retrogradation of food.

Physical exercise can reduce the overall risk of cardiovascular disease, prolong lifespan and improve the quality of life, but some studies have shown that there is a certain correlation between vigorous physical exercise and sudden cardiac death. A number of retrospective or prospective studies on sports-related sudden cardiac death （SrSCD） have been conducted at home and abroad. This article reviews the related studies on the definition, epidemiological characteristics, common causes of SrSCD and effects of excercise on cardiovascular function, pre-exercise screening and evaluation of SrSCD, in order to understand the latest research progress on SrSCD and provide clues and references for SrSCD research.

Objective: To investigate the types of volatile flavor components and their content differences in different vinegar ages of Hexi balsamic vinegar. Methods: Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was used to analyze the volatile aroma components of five groups of Hexi balsamic vinegar of different years in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021. Results: A total of 117 volatile aroma components were detected in 5 groups of Hexi balsamic vinegar of different vinegar ages, 25 alcohol substances, 13 aldehydes, 14 acids, 24 esters and 41 other (ethers, phenols, alkane heterocyclic compounds, etc.) substances, the proportion of the quantity of substances in each of the five categories of substances to the total quantity of substances is 21.4%, 11.1%, 12.0%, 20.5% and 35.0%, respectively. The volatile aroma substances of Hexi balsamic vinegar in 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021 were 29, 31, 35, 41 and 41 substances, respectively. With the prolongation of aging time, the number of alcohols showed a "W" pattern; the number of aldehydes, acids and other substances showed a rising trend before decreasing; the overall trend of the number of esters was not obvious. The relative contents of aldehydes and other substances showed an overall increasing trend; the relative contents of acids and esters showed an overall decreasing trend; the relative contents of alcohols showed an increasing and then decreasing trend. Conclusion: There were differences in the types and contents of volatile aroma components of Hexi balsamic vinegar with different vinegar ages, and the quality of Hexi balsamic vinegar in 2019 was relatively better among the five groups of samples studied.

ObjectiveBy retrospective study of the epidemiological characteristics of sports-related sudden death （SrSD）, the risk factors associated with SrSD were analyzed and explored to provide a scientific basis for comprehensive prevention and treatment of SrSD.MethodsThe personal information （sex, age, occupation, etc.）, case information （time, place, type of sports, relative time between SrSD occurrence and exercise, etc.）, death related information （sign or prodrome, medical history and surgical history, etc.）, rescue situation （witnesses, on-site assistance, the availability of paramedics, etc.） of 374 SrSD cases in Guangdong Province from 2017 to 2021 were collected. Statistical analysis was conducted aiming at the key factors.ResultsIn the 374 cases, there were significantly more males than females （19.78:1）; the number of people aged between >39 and 59 was the largest （151, 40.37%）; non-manual workers （68.98%） were more than manual workers; the top three sports with the highest number cases were basketball （34.49%）, running （19.52%） and badminton （12.03%）; from 3 pm to 9 pm （63.10%） was the time period with the highest incidence of events; sudden death mainly occurred during exercise （75.27%） and within 1 h after exercise （20.05%）; the on-site rescue rate was very low （6.15%）; the rate of autopsies was extremely low （1.07%）; sudden cardiac death was the most common cause （67.11%）.ConclusionSrSD is most common in males aged >39 to 59 years old, mostly in non-manual workers, and usually occurs in basketball and running. Sudden death is more likely to occur during exercise and within 1 h after exercise. Therefore, the above potential risk factors should be focused on and studied in daily comprehensive prevention and treatment to provide scientific basis for accurate prevention and first aid of such sudden death.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of matrine inhibiting the proliferation and migration of thyroid cancer cell line TPC-1 through down-regulated miRNA-182-5p TPC-1. Methods TPC-1 cells were transfected after 24 hours with 0.5 mg/mL matrine or without 0.5 mg/mL matrine, the experiments were divided into: inhibitor-NC, inhibitor against miR-182-5p (inhibitor), mimic-NC, miRNA-182-5p-mimics, mimic-NC+matrine and miR-182-5p- mimics+matrine. miR-182-5p, E-cadherin, N-cadherin and vinmentin gene were detected by PCR. TPC-1 cells proliferation and migration were detected using CCK-8 and Transwell assay. The expression of E-cadherin、N-cadherin and vinmentin protein was determined by Western blot. Results Compared with Nthy-ori3-1 (NT), miR-182-5p was highly expressed in TPC-1 cells (P＜0.01); down-regulation to the expression of miRNA-182-5p inhibited the proliferation and migration of TPC-1 cells (P＜0.01); Compared to the 0 mg/mL matrine group, 0.5 mg/mL matrine significantly reduced the miR-182-5p level (P＜0.05) and inhibited proliferation, migration of TPC-1 cells and also reduced N-cadherin and vinmentin expression but increased E-cadherin expression in TPC-1 cells (P＜0.01); Over-expression of miR-182-5p partly abolished the matrine-inhibited proliferation and migration of TPC-1 cells and the increased E-cadherin expression, decreased miR-182-5p,N-cadherin and vinmentin expression (P＜0.01). Conclusions Matrine is a potential therapeutic drug for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and miR-182 may be an effective target for the treatment of PTC.

Objective To explore the mechanism of edaravone (EDA) on oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, EDA high dose group, EDA medium dose group and EDA low dose group, with 10 rats in each group. The COPD model was developed by intratracheal infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with smoking, and rats were injected intra-peritoneally with 40, 20, and 10 mg/kg EDA. Twenty-eight days after modeling, the pulmonary function and the wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D) of the lung tissues were examined. ELISA method was used to detect the level of SOD, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in lung tissues. The pathological changes of lung tissues were microscopied with HE staining. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of Caspase-3, MMP-9, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB p65 protein expression and IκBα phosphorylation. Results Compared with control group, the resting breathing frequency and airway resistance (RI) of model group increased, the values of peak inhale flow(PIF) and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) decreased; the lung injury was obvious, the SOD activity of the lung tissues decreased, the contents of MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 increased, and Caspase-3. MMP-9, TLR4, MyD88 expression and IκBα phosphorylation increased, and NF-κB p65 intranuclear metastasis was obvious(P＜0.05). Compared with model group, EDA reduced resting respiratory frequency, RI, increased PIF and Cdyn, reduced lung injury, increased SOD activity of lung tissues, reduced MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 contents, and reduced caspase-3, MMP-9, TLR4, MyD88 expression and IκBα phosphorylation, NF-κB p65 nuclear metastasis was restricted (P＜0.05). Conclusions EDA can improve the lung function of COPD rats, reduce lung tissues damage, inflammation and oxidative stress.

Gold is one of the dominant minerals in eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces, with abundant resources and multiple types. Through systematic collection and sorting of the existing geological data of gold deposits, the paper comprehensively summarizes the resources endowment, deposit types, ore-controlling factors, spatiotemporal distribution rule, metallogenic evolution and resources potential of gold deposits in eastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. The gold deposits in the area can be classified into 6 genetic types, with 48 main prediction types in 5 metallogenic periods. The gold deposits are mainly occurred in such tectonic units as active continental margin and island (volcanic) arc which have experienced multistage tectonic movements and frequent magmatic activities, especially the Variscan-Yanshanian large-scale tectonic and magmatic activities are important controlling factors for gold deposit formation. By summarizing the above results, 34 important prospecting potential areas for gold deposits are identified in the study area, and the gold resources potential and prospecting direction are defined. It is proposed the way to achieve prospecting breakthrough by strengthening exploration in key prospective areas and beneath and around the known gold deposits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The AZ91D magnesium alloy samples were scanned by millisecond pulse Nd:YAG laser under high pure argon protection. The surface morphology, microstructure and composition of the treated magnesium alloy were studied by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy. In addition, the corrosion surface which was corroded using simulated body fluid and the mass fraction of 3.5%NaCl solution was observed and material corrosion rate was calculated. The results show that, at the same corrosion time, compared with the untreated samples, the surface corrosion resistance is improved by the enrichment of Al at the irradiated surface by the joint effect of the combination of refined homogeneous microstructure of α-Mg phase and β-Mg17Al12 phase and the selective vaporization and the chemical composition of base metal in the laser-treated AZ91D alloy; the solidification equation is obtained by calculating the relation between the size of the dendrite cell and the cooling rate in laser melting zone.

The differences in shape correction coefficient(SCC) of common inclusions in molten steel including spherical,cubic,cylindrical,dendritic and cluster particles were studied by a physical simulation method. The effects of inclusion surface morphologies and movement orientation on the SCC were analyzed on the basis of simulation results. The SCC can be used to evaluate the inclusion removal ability because of a linear correlation relationship between the SCC and the resistance coefficient of inclusions. For inclusions with the same volume but different shapes,the removal ability increase in order as follows:dendritic particles with vertical floatation,spherical particles with coarse surfaces,cubic particles,cylindrical particles of 6 mm in radium,cylindrical particles of 4 mm in radium,dendritic particles with horizontal floatation,clusters,and spherical particles with smooth surfaces. When the surface area of spherical particles with coarse surfaces is approximately 2 times as large as that of spherical particles with smooth surfaces,the SCC of spherical particles with coarse surfaces increases by 2.1 times compared with the smooth ones. For simple particles,movement orientation has just limited effect on the SCC,but it influences the SCC of complex particles greatly. The SCC of dendritic particles with vertical floatation is about twice of that with horizontal floatation.

This study aim to improve the practicability, controllability and efficiency of the mammalian suspension cell expression system for the preparation of original membrane protein expression by solving these two problems of the traditional process: Lacking a quick and effective method in monitoring and quantifying, and lacking a quick and high-throughput strategy in screening the combination of target proteins and fusion tags. pf series plasmids are designed and constructed, an effective method is developed in combination for monitoring and quantifying virus' tilter at any required time points, and the time cost for quantifying viral tilter is significantly reduced using such design. At the same time, ESNX series plasmids and corresponding strategies are developed so that the target protein genes, fusion tags and whole insert sequences can be readily replaced or swapped, this allows a great number of starting constructs with different combinations of target proteins and fusion tags quickly be built for the follow-up high-throughput expression and purification screens. New plasmid series and corresponds operation strategies for membrane protein production are successfully developed in this study, which improves the efficiency, practicability and controllability of the original system. These new developments are easy to reproduce and used in any labs, and will beneficial to the structural and functional studies of membrane proteins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of key issues in the aspect of GPS-based attitude determination that must be solved is to estimate the unknown integer ambiguities. Single-epoch attitude ambiguity resolution can be achieved by using MC-Lambda method, which fully exploited the known geometry constraints of the multi-antennae configuration. This method does not need to consider cycle slip problem. However, the float solution precision of integer ambiguity is low based on GPS pseudo-range and carrier phase observations, which leads to large ambiguity search space and low search efficiency. For this reason, choosing the direction cosine matrix to describe the attitude and GPS/Gyro attitude determination model was established. The float solution of integer ambiguity was calculated by matrix kalman filter algorithm, and then the fixed solution of integer ambiguity was obtained by MC-Lambda method. Simulation experimental results showed that the accuracy of float solution by Kalman filter algorithm with constraints of direction cosine matrix are improved, so the computational efficiency and the fixing success rate of the fixed integer ambiguity are all improved, particularly when GPS observations is in the bad observation condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to increase computing accuracy in multiple stages computing architecture, a novel stochastic fusion adder has been proposed, in which a new mathematical method, named hypergeometric decomposition, was developed to analyze the property of the proposed adder. It is shown that the proposed algorithm has much higher precision than the traditional one. By designing a stochastic DFT architecture based on this enhanced stochastic adder, all the advantages of stochastic computing were merged into DFT computing domain, and the DFT implementation also proves the successful design of this novel fusion stochastic adder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web services can not be used without the QoS information. The values of Web services' QoS attributes are dynamic, such as user experience time. With respect to the static QoS attribute values, the dynamic QoS attribute values can reflect the actual quality status better. A new dynamic updating method, called HDB-QoS-DPM, of user experience time of Web services is proposed. Classic Web services model does not include the QoS information. In order to verify the correctness of the method, a Web services model, named QoSB-WSA, is proposed. In the QoSB-WSA model, QoS information processing function is included. The experiment shows that the proposed updating method is feasible and correct. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To deal with non-linear, non-Gaussian state estimation problem, a kind of particle filter algorithm based on interval estimation was proposed. This paper analyzed the auxiliary particle filter at first. After interval estimating the expectation of the system states, the new algorithm sampled uniformly in the interval and updated the filter results using the new measurement. The interval extension conditions were proposed to ensure the validity of the estimated range and computational efficiency of the algorithm. Sampling uniformly in the interval avoids the particle degeneracy and improves the particle divergence. The experimental results show that the new particle filter is significantly better than the general particle filter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In essence, quality education at universities is the cultivation of people and the return of ontological function of university education. Its real function is to help students shape free personality, raise cultural consciousness and become a whole person so as to lead a happy life. However, due to the impacts of the social contexts and the interior ecological environment at universities, quality education has been alienated and transformed into utilitarian, instrumental and materialized education. As a result, it has become a type of vocational and skill training, deviating from the true nature of quality education at universities. To hold the ontological function of quality education, it is suggested that we should respect diversified subjects to integrate sciences with humanities, encourage communication among diversified subjects to build intercollegiate communities, and surpass secular concerns to cultivate the imperishable spirit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studied the effects of different shading (light transmittance 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%) on the photosynthesis characteristics of two ornamental foliage plants Photinia × frasery and Aucuba japonica var. variegata. After shading for six weeks, the net photosynthesis rates of two plants measured ex situ under natural light enhanced, compared to those measured in situ, and, with the increase of shading degree, the net photosynthetic rates had an increasing trend, with the maximum being 9.7 μmol·m-2·s-1 for Photinia -frasery and 8.3 μmol·m-2·s-1 for Aucuba japonica var. variegata. In the meantime, the transpiration rates of the two plants increased significantly. Shading increased the chlorophyll a, b, and a+b contents and the chlorophyll/ carotenoids ratio, decreased the chlorophyll a/ b, but less affected the carotenoids content. The phenotypic plasticity index (PPI) of net photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate of Photinia × frasery and Aucuba japonica var. variegate was 2.08 and 3.21, and 0.55 and 1.60, respectively. The chlorophyll and carotenoids contents of the two plants were relatively stable, indicating the minor influence of external environment factors on pigments. Aucuba japonica var. variegata had a higher shading tolerance than Photinia × frasery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the theoretical prediction method and experimental results for single-propeller type podded propulsors, the influences of the pod upon the propeller hydrodynamic performance were investigated. The propeller blades are calculated with a vortex lattice method, while the pod including its strut with a boundary element method for non-lifting bodies. Hydrodynamic interactions between the propeller and the pod are treated via iterative calculations. Based on the present numerical results, the influence of the pod on the radial distribution of circulation as well as the pod-induced wake characteristics were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the symptom experience of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and bladder fistula. Exploring the mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between symptom experience and quality of life in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia undergoing long-term indwelling cystostomy., Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey design. Patients with prostatic hyperplasia with cystostomy in the Urology department of General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command from January 2020 to February 2023 were selected, and relevant data were collected by IPSS, IIEF-5, HAMD, GSES, and quality of life score scale for statistical analysis. We then construct a structural equation model to evaluate the mediating effect of self-efficacy between symptom experience and quality of life., Results: The average score of IPSS was (22.55±8.26) ; the average score of IIEF-5 was (10.54±4.10) ; the average score of HAMD was (6.82±2.35) ; the average score of self-efficacy was (20.80±8.65) ; and the average score of quality of life was (71.65±12.55) . Symptom experience was significantly negatively correlated with self-efficacy and quality of life( r=－0.496 , P<0.01；r=－0.518 , P<0.01) . Self-efficacy was significantly positively correlated with quality of life( r= 0.412，P<0.05). Symptom experience significantly negatively affected quality of life through self-efficacy (Effect = －0.218，P = 0.014) ., Conclusion: Self-efficacy is positively correlated with the quality of life of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who have long-term indwelling cystostomy tube. Nursing staff can improve the level of self-efficacy of patients by implementing corresponding interventions.

Objective: To review the mechanism of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD)., Methods: The literature about EVs was reviewed and the biological characteristics and mechanism of EVs in the treatment of IVDD were summarized., Results: EVs are a kind of nano-sized vesicles with a double-layered lipid membrane structure secreted by many types of cells. EVs contain many bioactive molecules and participate in the exchange of information between cells, thus they play important roles in inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence, apoptosis, and autophagy. Moreover, EVs are found to slow down the process of IVDD by delaying the pathological progression of the nucleus pulposus, cartilage endplates, and annulus fibrosus., Conclusion: EVs is expected to become a new strategy for the treatment of IVDD, but the specific mechanism remains to be further studied.

This study aims to explore the anti-depression mechanism of Zuojin Pills based on the plasma constituents, network pharmacology, and experimental verification. UHPLC-TOF-MS was used for qualitative analysis of Zuojin Pills-containing serum. Targets of the plasma constituents and the disease were retrieved from PharmMapper and GeneCards. Then the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed and core targets were screened for GO term enrichment and KEGG pathway enrichment. Cytoscape 3.7.2 was employed construct the &quot;compound-target-pathway&quot; network and the targets and signaling pathways of Zuojin Pills against depression were predicted. CUMS-induced depression mouse model was established to verify the key targets. The results showed that a total of 21 constituents migrating to blood of Zuojin Pills were identified, which were mainly alkaloids. A total of 155 common targets of the constituents and the disease and 67 core targets were screened out. KEGG enrichment and PPI network analysis showed that Zuojin Pills may play a role in the treatment of depression through AMPK/SIRT1, NLRP3, insulin and other targets and pathways. Furthermore, the results of animal experiments showed that Zuojin Pills could significantly improve the depression behaviors of depression, reduce the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in hippocampus and serum, activate AMPK/SIRT1 signaling, and reduce the protein expression of NLRP3. In conclusion, Zuojin Pills may play a role in the treatment of depression by activating AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway, and inhibiting NLRP3 activation and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice.

Objective: To analyze relationship of debilitating and nutritional risk on complications of primary hip replacement, and risk factors of influence of complications of primary hip replacement., Methods: Totally 100 patients who underwent hip replacement from January 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, including 36 males and 64 females, aged from 18 to 85 years old with an average of (73.82±4.04) years old. Postoperative frailty status was evaluated by modified frailty index, and nutritional status was evaluated by clinical biochemical indexes and NRS2002 nutritional risk assessment scale. One hundred patients were divided into frailty group and non-frailty group according to modified frailty index, 100 patients were divided into normal nutrition group and nutritional risk group according to nutritional status, and relationship between frailty, nutritional risk and complications after primary hip replacement was analyzed., Results: There were significant differences in age, body mass index (BMI), complications and ASA grade between frailty group and non-frailty group( P <0.05). There were statistically significant differences in age, BMI, complications and ASA grade between normal nutrition group and nutritional risk group ( P <0.05). Thirty-five patients occurred at least one postoperative complications, and the incidence of pulmonary infection was the highest, accounting for 34.29% (12/35). The second was urinary infection, accounting for 22.86%(8/35). Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, BMI, ASA grade, complications, frailty and nutritional risk were the risk factors for postoperative complications. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that complications, frailty and nutritional risk were independent factors affecting postoperative complications., Conclusion: Patients with comorbidities, frailty and nutritional risk could increase the incidence of complications. Timely assessment and identification of these patients in time, and formulation of targeted intervention measures have great clinical significance.

With a large artificial climate chamber, we examined the effects of warming (control, +1.5 ℃, +2.0 ℃), photoperiod (10, 14, 18 h) and nitrogen addition (0, 5, 10, 20 g N·m -2 ·a -1 ) on the main phenological phases of Quercus mongolica in Northeast China. The results showed that 1.5 and 2.0 ℃ warming significantly advanced the bud swelling stage and delayed the leaf fully coloring stage, which prolonged the growing season. The extended days increased with the increases of warming range. Photoperiod significantly affected autumn phenology (leaf coloration onset stage, leaf coloration in general stage, leaf fully coloring stage). Compared with photoperiod of 14 h, short photoperiod (10 h) significantly delayed leaf coloration onset stage by 7.0 d, and prolonged the peak of growth season. Nitrogen addition significantly advanced the bud swelling stage, bud opening stage, first leaf unfolding stage and full leaf unfolding stage. The leaf fully coloring stage was significantly delayed by 9.5 d only at the high nitrogen level of 20 g N·m -2 ·a -1 , indicating that high nitrogen addition prolonged the growing season of Q. mongolica . The synergistic effects of warming and high nitrogen addition (20 g N·m -2 ·a -1 ) significantly delayed the leaf fully coloring stage, which prolonged leaf coloration stage, and the synergistic effects of warming and short photoperiod, the synergistic effects of nitrogen addition and short photoperiod. The synergistic effects of warming, nitrogen addition and short photoperiod all significantly delayed the leaf coloration onset stage, which relatively prolonged the peak of growing season.

Objective: To assess the clinical application value of preoperative emotional management combined with family members' interactive description nursing (PEM+FMID) in plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate (PKEP)., Methods: This perspective study included 108 cases of PKEP performed in our hospital from July 2020 to May 2022. We randomly divided the patients into a control (n = 54) and an observation group (n = 54), the former receiving routine nursing, while the latter PEM+FMID in addition, before surgery. We recorded the operation time, perioperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay, obtained the patients' Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores before and after nursing intervention, and their compliance, satisfaction and postoperative complications after intervention, and compared the data between the two groups., Results: The average postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the observation than in the control group (［6.35 ± 1.39］ d vs ［7.19 ± 1.39］ d, P< 0.05). Compared with the baseline, the SDS and SAS scores of the patients were significantly decreased at 1 week after operation (P < 0.05), and markedly lower in the observation group than in the control (P < 0.05). The compliance rate (87.04% vs 66.67%) and satisfaction rate (92.59% vs 70.37%) of the patients were significantly higher in the observation than in the control group (both P < 0.05), while the total incidence rate of postoperative complications was lower in the former than in the latter (7.41% vs 33.33%, P < 0.05), particularly those of bladder irritation, hematuria, urinary retention and fever (all P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Preoperative emotional management combined with family members' interactive description nursing can effectively relieve the negative emotions of the patients undergoing PKEP, improve their compliance and satisfaction, and reduce postoperative complications.

Objective: To establish a prognostic nomogram based on response to bortezomib and BTK expression for treatment-experienced multiple myeloma patients., Methods: The Oncomine database was utilized to determine BTK expression, sex, age, albumin, Mayo index, response to bortezomib treatment, follow-up time and survival status in multiple myeloma(MM) patients. Cut-off point for BTK expression was calculated using R software. Univariate and multivariate analyses by Cox proportional hazards regression were then performed. Significant prognostic factors were combined to build a nomogram. The discrimination ability and predictive accuracy of the nomogram were evaluated using the index of concordance (C-index) and calibration curves., Results: Multivariate analysis showed that response to bortezomib, BTK expression and sex were independent risk factors for prognosis. The C-index value of the nomogram made according to the independent risk factors was 0.729 (95%CI, 0.642-0.8164). The calibration curves showed good consistency between predicted and actual survivals for 1-year and 2-year overall survival., Conclusion: The proposed nomogram is accurate in predicting the prognosis of patients with MM.

With six Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plantations (Huinan, Xifeng, Fujia, Zhanggutai, Naiman and Wulanaodu) along an aridity gradient in the Horqin sandy land, we examined the changes in non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) and nitrogen (N) contents of current and one-year-old needles and twigs, to explore the carbon supply and demand status as well as the nutrient accumulation strategies of P. sylvestris var. mongolica under drought. The results showed that the contents of NSCs and soluble sugars in needles and twigs of P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations significantly decreased with increasing aridity. From the most humid site (Huinan) to the most aridity site (Wulanaodu), the soluble sugar contents in current and one-year old needles of P. sylvestris var. mongolica decreased from 12.8% and 12.5% to 9.0% and 9.5%, respectively. The soluble sugar contents in current-year old twigs decreased from 15.6% to 9.2%. With increasing aridity, the starch contents in needles and twigs remained relatively stable, soluble sugars/starch ratio in current and one-year old needles decreased, the N contents in current and one-year old twigs significantly increased. The P. sylvestris var. mongolica plantations in the Horqin sandy land consumed soluble sugar storage under drought, resulting in a risk of mortality from 'carbon starvation'. P. sylvestris var. mongolica tended to maintain stable starch storage and accumulate N in twigs to cope with long-term drought stress.

Objective: To explore the effects of serum free light chain (sFLC) and monoclonal protein (MP) on the efficacy and prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma relapse, and investigate the clinical value of light chain escape (LCE)., Methods: The relationship between sFLC/MP levels and clinical features and outcomes in 71 patients with multiple myeloma after relapse were retrospective analyzed. The patients were divided into MO group, MLC group and LCE group according to different levels of sFLC/MP after relapse. Then the clinical indicators, efficacy, survival after relapse (SAR) and overall survival (OS) of the patients in each group were compared. Meanwhile a paired sample t test was used to analyze the relevant indicators of the patients before and after relapse in LCE group., Results: There were significant differences in ISS stage, the levels of Hb, PLT, ALB, SFLC/MP and the proportion of myeloplasma cells afte relapse (P<0.05). The initial treatment effect of the patients in MO group was better than those in the other groups, and the LCE group was the worst (P<0.05). Comparison of relevant indicators between the patients before and after relapse in LCE group showed that the levels of MP, Hb and PLT decreased significantly, while sFLC, LDH and Cr increased significantly (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that MO was the independent risk factor affecting SAR, while MO and LCE were the independent risk factors affecting OS (P<0.05) of the patients.The average SAR of the patients in MO, MLC and LCE group was 41, 28.6 and 23.5 months (P=0.002), and the average OS was 79.6, 57.9 and 41 months (P<0.001), respectively. The patients in MO group showed longer SAR and OS, while the LCE group was the shortest., Conclusion: After relapse, patients only with elevated MP levels have a better curative effect and prognosis, while only with elevated sFLC levels have poor curative effects and prognosis, which suggesting that sFLC/MP levels can be used as a good indicator for predicting the prognosis of multiple myeloma patients.The appearance of LCE indicates disease progression, poor prognosis and early relapse.

The present study investigated the effects and mechanisms of Jiaotai Pills on depressed mice induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS). The CUMS-induced depression model mice were established and the depression behaviors of mice were evaluated by sucrose preference test, open field test, tail suspension test, and forced swimming test. Molecular docking was employed to simulate the interaction of six main active ingredients in Jiaotai Pills with SIRT1. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the level of SIRT1 in the hippocampus of mice. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of SIRT1, p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65, and FoxO1 in the hippocampus of mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kits were used to detect the levels of interleukin(IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in the hippocampus and serum of mice. Biochemical kits were used to detect superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and malondialdehyde(MDA) and glutathione(GSH) levels in the hippocampus and serum of mice. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) was used to detect the levels of dopamine(DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT), and norepinephrine(NE) in the hippocampus and serum of mice. The results showed that the sucrose preference rate, movement distance, and the number of crossing centers were reduced in the model group(P&lt;0.01), and the tail suspension time and swimming immobility time were increased(P&lt;0.01). Molecular docking results indicated good binding of six main active ingredients in Jiaotai Pills to SIRT1. In the hippocampus, the expression level of SIRT1 was reduced(P&lt;0.01), and the levels of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 and FoxO1 were increased(P&lt;0.01). In the hippocampus and serum, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA were increased(P&lt;0.01), and the activity of SOD and the levels of GSH, DA, 5-HT, NE, and BDNF were reduced(P&lt;0.01). The treatment with high-dose Jiaotai Pills increased the sucrose preference rate, movement distance, and the number of crossing centers(P&lt;0.05), reduced tail suspension time and swimming immobility time(P&lt;0.01), elevated hippocampal SIRT1 expression level(P&lt;0.01), decreased hippocampal and serum IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA levels(P&lt;0.01), potentiated SOD activity, and up-regulated GSH, DA, 5-HT, NE, and BDNF levels in the hippocampus and serum(P&lt;0.05, P&lt;0.01) in model mice. In conclusion, the results showed that Jiaotai Pills could improve the depression behaviors of model mice with CUMS-induced depression, and the underlying mechanism was related to the up-regulation of SIRT1 in the hippocampus of mice to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects.

Objective: To observe the effect of using tungsten drills to prepare mouse knee osteochondral injury model by comparing with the needle modeling method, in order to provide an appropriate animal modeling method for osteochondral injury research., Methods: A total of 75 two-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n =25). Mice in groups A and B were used to prepare the right knee osteochondral injury models by using needles and tungsten drills, respectively; group C was sham-operation group. The general condition of the mice was observed after operation. The samples were taken at 1 day and 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after modeling, and HE staining was performed. The depth, width, and cross-sectional area of the injury site at 1 day in groups A and B were measured, and the percentage of the injury depth to the thickness of the articular cartilage (depth/thickness) was calculated. Toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemical staining for collagen type Ⅱ were performed at 8 weeks, and the International Cartilage Research Society (ICRS) score was used to evaluate the osteochondral healing in groups A and B., Results: All mice survived to the completion of the experiment. HE staining showed that group C had normal cartilage morphology. At 1 day after modeling, the injury in group A only broke through the cartilage layer and reached the subchondral bone without entering the bone marrow cavity; the injury in group B reached the bone marrow cavity. The depth, width, cross-sectional area, and depth/thickness of the injury in group A were significantly lower than those in group B ( P <0.05). At 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after modeling, there was no obvious tissue filling in the injured part of group A, and no toluidine blue staining and expression of collagen type Ⅱ were observed at 8 weeks; while the injured part of group B was gradually filled with tissue, the toluidine blue staining and the expression of collagen type Ⅱ were seen at 8 weeks. At 8 weeks, the ICRS score of group A was 8.2±1.3, which was lower than that of group B (13.6±0.9), showing significant difference ( t =-7.637, P =0.000)., Conclusion: The tungsten drills can break through the subchondral bone layer and enter the bone marrow cavity, and the injury can heal spontaneously. Compared with the needle modeling method, it is a better method for modeling knee osteochondral injury in mice.

Objective: To explore the dynamic changes of lumbosacral sagittal parameters after real-time three-dimensional navigation assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) and traditional open TLIF for treatment of lumbar degenerative disease., Methods: The clinical data of 61 patients with lumbar degenerative disease underwent single-segment surgery from September 2017 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 31 cases underwent MIS-TLIF with 3D navigation techniques (MIS-TLIF group) and another 30 cases underwent conventional open TLIF (traditional open TLIF group). The basic information, operative time and intraoperative blood loss were collected. The sagittal radiologic parameters were measured before surgery and 3 months after surgery, including lumbar lordosis (LL), segmental lordosis (SL), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), anterior disc height (ADH), posterior disc height(PDH).And the average disc height(DH) and pelvic incidence to lumbar lordosis mismatch (PI-LL) were calculated., Results: Operative time and intraoperative blood loss in MIS-TLIF group were significantly less than in traditional open TLIF group( P <0.05). In MIS-TLIF group, LL, SL, PI-LL, and DH were significantly improved at 3 months after surgery ( P <0.05), while PI, PT, and SS were not statistically different from those before surgery ( P >0.05). LL, PI-LL, and DH of patients in the traditional open TLIF group were significantly improved at 3 months after surgery ( P <0.05), while the PI, PT, SS, and SL were not statistically different from those before surgery ( P >0.05). LL change showed a significant correlation with SL change ( r = 0.433, P <0.001). Change in SL closely correlated to change in ADH ( r =0.621, P <0.05) and PDH( r =0.527, P <0.05)., Conclusion: Real-time navigation-assisted MIS-TLIF and traditional open TLIF can recover DH in a short term for lumbar degenerative diseases, improve LL and PI-LL, and make the arrangement of the sagittal plane of the lumbosacral region more coordinated after surgery. But only the navigation assisted MIS -TLIF can significantly improve SL. Compared with traditional open TLIF, real-time navigation assisted MIS-TLIF in the treatment of degenerative lumbar diseases has the advantages of short operation time and less intraoperative bleeding.

Objective: To compare the curative effect between bloodletting at tip of ear with different amounts combined with western medication and western medication alone for early-stage stye., Methods: A total of 108 patients with early-stage stye were randomly divided into a 50 μL group (36 cases, 4 cases dropped off), a 100 μL group (36 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a western medication group (36 cases, 5 cases dropped off). The patients in the western medication group were treated with levofloxacin eye drops and levofloxacin hydrochloride eye gel. Based on the treatment of the western medication group, the patients in the 50 μL group were treated with 50 μL bloodletting (about 3 drops) at tip of ear while the patients in the 100 μL group were treated with 100 μL bloodletting (about 6 drops) at tip of ear; the bloodletting was given once a day for 3 days. After treatment, the changes of visual analogue scale (VAS) and clinical effect were observed, and the patients were followed up by telephone on the 8th day., Results: After treatment, the VAS score in each group was reduced ( P <0.01), and the score in the 50 μL group and 100 μL group was lower than that in the western medication group ( P <0.05, P <0.01), and the score in the 100 μL group was lower than that in the 50 μL group ( P <0.05). After treatment, the cured rate was 76.5% (26/34) in the 100 μL group, 71.9% (23/32) in the 50 μL group and 51.6% (16/31) in the western medication group, and there were no significant differences among three groups ( P >0.05). One week after the onset of the disease, all the patients in the 50 μL group and 100 μL group were cured, and one patient in the western medication group was not cured, and treated with routine surgery., Conclusion: Based on the conventional western medication treatment, bloodletting at tip of ear can significantly reduce the pain of stye, and the effect of 100 μL bleeding is better than 50 μL.

A method was developed for the determination of nine antioxidants in vegetable oils by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The samples were extracted with methanol, and the fat in the samples was degreased by freezing. Separation of the targeted compounds was performed on an XBridge C 18 column in gradient elution mode using methanol-0.1% (v/v) formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phase. The analytes were detected using a diode-array detector by the external standard method. The stability and storage conditions for the nine antioxidants were systematically investigated. Ascorbyl palmitate (AP) was introduced into the preparation and pre-treatment of the targets. The concentration of AP was optimized to improve the stability and recovery of the targets. The effects of different extraction solvents and purification methods on the extraction efficiencies were discussed. The results showed that the nine antioxidants could be separated well under the optimized conditions. Good linear relationships in the linear range were obtained, and the correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) were greater than 0.999. The average recoveries of the nine antioxidants ranged from 85.3% to 104.1%, with RSDs of the method ≤5.0%. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) for the nine synthetic antioxidants were in the range of 0.6-3.0 mg/kg. The method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and it shows good recovery and reproducibility.

At present, there are no widely accepted specific biomarkers for the experimental diagnosis of chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). Recent studies show that many related biomarkers exist in expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) or semen, urine and blood or serum. The monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL-2), macrophage-inflammatory-protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α/CCL-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), nerve growth factor (NGF) and B7-H3 in EPS, prostatic exosomal protein (PSEP) in the urine, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), mean platelet volume (MPV) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the serum are believed to be of significant clinical and research value, and expected to become important laboratory biomarkers for the diagnosis of CP/CPPS.

To provide a theoretical reference to nitrogen fertilizer management for maize and eco-enviromental protection in the irrigated area of Ningxia, we established the critical nitrogen concentration (N c ) dilution curve of maize under drip-irrigated condition. The nitrogen nutrition index (NNI) was deduced from the established N c curve model, to diagnose feasibility of nitrogen nutrition. Six levels of nitrogen application rates including 0, 90, 180, 270, 360 and 450 kg·hm -2 were conducted in field with maize variety 'Tianci 19'. During two-year field study, the N c dilution curve and NNI model of maize were established based on leaf dry matter (LDM). The results showed that: 1) There was a negative power function relationship between LDM and N c , which presented as two parts, if LDM<1.15 t·hm -2 , N c =3.2%, while if LDM≥1.15 t·hm -2 , N c =3.29LDM -0.29 . 2) The root mean square error (RMSE) and standardized root mean square error (n-RMSE) of the model were 0.203 and 8.0%, respectively, with fine stability among years. 3) The NNI ranged from 0.47 to 1.44 with different nitrogen application rates. In addition, NNI was positively correlated with yield and negatively correlated with agronomic utilization efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer at different growth stages of maize. Therefore, NNI could be used to explain maize yield changes with and without nitrogen limit under drip-irrigated system. In conclusion, the critical nitrogen dilution curve established from leaf dry matter could be applied to accurately estimate nitrogen nutrition status throughout the whole growing stages from the jointing stage to silking stage of maize under drip irrigated system.

Objective: To investigate the value of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and fibrinogen (Fib) level for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and prognosis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL)., Methods: The relationship between RDW/Fib at initial diagnosis and efficacy and the clinical outcome was retro-spectively analyzed based on the study of 105 patients with DLBCL. The patients were divided into two groups: low RDW group (≤15%) and high RDW group (>15%), low Fib group (Fib≤4 g/L) and high Fib group (Fib>4 g/L) according to the normal values of RDW and Fib. Therapeutic efficacy, overall survival (OS) time and progression free survival (PFS) time were compared between two groups. The correlation between each factors and efficacy, prognosis was analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression., Results: The therapeutic efficacy (P<0.001), OS time(P=0.004), and PFS time(P=0.007) were poorer in the high RDW group as compared with the low RDW group. The efficacy (P=0.015) and PFS time(P=0.04) were poorer in the high Fib group as compared with the low Fib group. Multivariate analysis showed that high RDW was the independent risk factor for efficacy of DLBCL patients (OR=3.394, 95% CI 1.093-10.539, P=0.035)., Conclusion: High RDW and high Fib associate with poor efficacy in DLBCL patients.

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on changes of expression of L-Arg transporter 2 (CAT-2) mRNA and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein and contents of NO and cGMP of L 4 -L 6 segments of spinal cord in rats with spared nerve injury (SNI), so as to reveal its mechanism underlying reducing neuropathic pain ., Methods: A total of 120 male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation, model, EA and NOS inhibitor (N omega-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L-NAME) groups, with 30 rats in each group. The neuropathic pain model was established by ligating and cutting the tibial nerve and the common peroneal nerve. EA (2 Hz, 1-3 mA) was applied to "Weizhong" (BL40) and "Huantiao" (GB30)on the damaged hindlimb for 30 min, once daily from day 11 to 17 after SNI. Rats of the L-NAME group received i.p. of L-NAME (60 mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ) for 7 consecutive days. The mechanical pain threshold (PT) was determined before and 10 and 16 d after SNI, respectively. The expression le-vels of CAT-2 mRNA and iNOS mRNA, and iNOS protein in the L 4 -L 6 segments of the spinal cord were detected by using reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively, and the contents of NO and cGMP of L 4 -L 6 assayed using nitrate/nitrite reductase method and radioimmunoassay, respectively ., Results: After modeling, the PT was significantly decreased on day 10 and 16 after SNI in comparison with the sham operation group and their own baseline data of pre-operation in each group ( P < 0.01), and remarkably increased in the EA and L-NAME groups relevant to the model group on day 16 ( P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Compared with the sham operation group, the expression levels of CAT-2 mRNA and iNOS mRNA and protein, as well as the contents of NO 2 － /NO 3 － and cGMP were signi-ficantly up-regulated in the model group ( P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Following EA intervention, the levels of CAT-2 mRNA and iNOS mRNA and iNOS protein, and NO 2 － /NO 3 － and cGMP contents were all reversed in both EA and L-NAME groups ( P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The effect of EA was significantly superior to that of L-NAME in raising the PT on day 16 after SNI ( P < 0.05), but obviously inferior to that of L-NAME in down-regulating the expression of CAT-2 mRNA and iNOS mRNA and protein ( P < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the EA and L-NAME groups in down-regulating NO 2 － /NO 3 － andcGMP contents ( P > 0.05)., Conclusion: EA intervention can effectively relieve neuropathic pain in SNI rats, which may be closely related to its function in suppressing L-Arg/NO/cGMP pathway in the lumbar spinal cord.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of immune changes in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(MM) after chemothrapy., Methods: The clinical data of 99 patients with multiple myeloma received treatment in Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital from April 2011 to December 2017 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The change of immune status was defined by changes of lymphocyte/monocyte ratio(LMR) level. The prognosis value of age, sex, typing, hemoglobin (Hb), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), albumin (albumin, ALB) and LMR changes were investigated in patients with newly diagnosed MM, and the relationship between above inentioned factors and changes of LMR was also explored. Overall survival rate between different subgroups was compared by using Kaplan-Meier curves and detected by Log-rank tests. Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognosis was performed by using the COX proportional hazards regression model. Paired samples Wilcoxon test were used to compare changes in ALC, AMC and LMR before and after chemotherapy, and logistic regression was used to investigate the clinical factors that affect the changes of LMR., Results: The median value of ALC increased from 1.25 (0.84-1.81)×10 9 /L to 1.39 (1.02-1.9)×10 9 /L (P=0.029) after treated for 1 month; the median value of AMC decreased from 0.37 (0.23-0.47) ×10 9 /L to 0.29 (0.2-0.44)×10 9 /L (P=0.026), and the median value of LMR increased from 3.552 (2.405-5.208) to 5.138 (3.22-6.471) (P=0.002). Multivariate survival analysis showed that increasing of LMR (HR 0.459, 95% CI 0.241-0.875, P=0.018) and LDH (HR 2.368, 95% CI 1.123-4.995, P=0.024) were considered to be the independent factors affecting the prognosis of MM patients., Conclusion: The increasing of LMR level after treatment indicates a longer survival time of newly prognostic MM patients. Combination with LMR can not only reflect the effect of treatment on the immune status, but also predict the prognosis of MM patients much better.

Objective: To develop methods of extraction and purification of Cterminal NUDT9 homology domain of human transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel., Methods: After sonication and centrifuge of Escherichia coli strain Rosetta (DE3) which was induced by isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside, GST-NUDT9-H was collected after the binding of supernatant with GST beads and eluted with reduced glutathione. Then the elution buffer containing fusion protein was purified by size exclusion chromatography after concentration and centrifuge. Finally, with the cleavage of thrombin and binding with the GST beads, NUDT9-H with high purity in supernatant was collected., Results: The GST-NUDT9-H fusion protein was stabilized with lysis buffer containing 0.5% n-dodecyl -β-d-maltoside (DDM), and wash buffer containing 0.025% DDM in size-exclusion chromatography system, and finally the NUDT9-H with high purity was obtained after cleaved by thrombin (1 U/2 mg fusion protein) for 24 h., Conclusions: Due to the poor stability of NUDT9-H, it is necessary to add DDM in extraction and purification buffer to stabilize the conformation of NUDT9-H, so as to increase its yields and purity.

Objective: Drawing on the ideas of the adult dietary balance index method, based on the recipes of the kindergartens in Lanzhou City, to establish a dietary balance index that can quickly, accurately and conveniently evaluate the dietary quality of the people in the park., Methods: The stratified random sampling method was used to select and collect 329 recipes for the 40 kindergartens in different geographical locations, grades and properties(public and private) in Lanzhou City from 2012 to 2017. Used EpiData 3. 1 to enter the main food types of the recipe, the specific cooking ingredients and the supply amount of the ingredients. In combination with the 2016 dietary guidelines for the dietary requirements of the population, determined the components and ranges of values for the dietary balance index appropriate for the population. And used this index to evaluate the quality of some complete recipes., Results: The pre-school children's dietary balance index system in Lanzhou City includes 8 individual indicators: cereals, vegetables and fruits, milk and dairy products, soy products and nuts, animal foods, snacks for food consumption, food types and cooking method. Preliminary application of the index system to evaluate the dietary quality of some kindergartens showed that there were significant differences in LBS and DQD between kindergartens of different grades and different years(P<0. 05), and there was no significant difference in HBS(P>0. 05). The result of the dietary evaluation method were consistent., Conclusion: The established dietary balance index for preschool children in Lanzhou City can meet the rapid, accurate and convenient evaluation of the dietary quality of the population during the park. In addition to focusing on establishing relevant indicators for food group classification and evaluation, the establishment of specific indicator systems should also increase indicators on children's dietary types and cooking and processing method.

Objective: We have demonstrated that electroacupuncture (EA) of "Weizhong" (BL 40) and "Huantiao" (GB 30) could evidently relieve mechanical hyperalgesia in spared nerve injury (SNI) rats. The present study was designed to observe the effect of EA on levels of cAMP, and protein kinase A (PKA) and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in the lumbar spinal cord of the same pain model rats, so as to explore its mechanisms underlying improvement of neuropathic pain., Methods: One hundred male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: sham operation, model, EA, AP-5 and L-NAME groups ( n ＝20 in each group). The sham operation group underwent a simple separation of the sciatic nerve but without ligation and abscission. The neuropathic pain model was established by abscission of the right tibial and common peroneal nerve. EA (2 Hz, 1－3 mA) was applied to right BL 40 and GB 30 for 30 min, once a day for 7 days, starting from day 11 after surgery. For rats of the AP-5 and L-NAME groups, AP-5 (a competitive antagonist for NMDA receptor, 0.7 mg•kg －1 •d －1 ) and L-NAME (a non-selective antagonist for nitric oxide synthase, NOS, 60 mg•kg －1 •d －1 ) were respectively administrated by intraperitoneal injection, once daily for 7 days. The mechanical pain threshold was measured, the cAMP content of spinal cord (L 4－L 6) was determined by radioimmunoassay, and the expression of PKA, p-PKA and CREB proteins of spinal cord (L 4－L 6) was detected by Western blot., Results: The content of cAMP and the expression levels of PKA, p-PKA and CREB were significantly higher in the model group than in the sham operation group ( P <0.01), and considerably lower in the EA group than in the model group ( P <0.01, P <0.05). Compared to the model group, the expression levels of PKA and p-PKA were significantly decreased in the AP-5 and L-NAME groups ( P <0.01, P <0.05). Compared to the EA group, the content of cAMP and the expression levels of CREB were significantly higher ( P <0.05), and the expression of p-PKA was significantly lower in the AP-5 and L-NAME groups ( P <0.05)．., Conclusion: EA intervention-induced down-regulation of cAMP, PKA and CREB levels in the lumbar spinal cord may contribute to its analgesic effect in neuropathic pain rats, suggesting an involvement of reduction of cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling of spinal cord in EA analgesia.