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Objective To explore the effect of miR-30a on autophagy of rat cardiomyocytes induced by angiotensin 2(Ang2). Methods 1)H9c2 cells were treated with Ang2 2×10－6 mol/L and NE 5×10－6 mol/L respectively for 48 h,miR-30a expression was measured by RT-qPCR, LC3 and Beclin-1 protein expression were detected by Western blot. 2)miR-30a mimics, miR-30a inhibitor and miR-30a NC were transfected into H9c2 cells by Lipofectamine2000 and incubated for 24 h, the transfection efficiency was detected by fluorescence microscope.RT-qPCR and Western blot were applied to detect the effect of miR-30a on autophagy of H9c2 induced by angiotensin 2. Results 1)Comparing with the control group, the expression of miR-30a mRNA in Ang2 treatment group and NE group was significantly decreased (P＜0.05). Protein expression of LC3 and Beclin-1 in Ang2 group and NE group was significantly increased (P＜0.001). 2)Comparing with Ang2 treatment group, the expression of LC3 and Beclin-1 protein in Ang2+ miR-30a mimics group significantly decreased (P＜0.001). Conclusions Ang2 reduces the expression of miR-30a and induces H9c2 cardiomyocyte autophagy, miR-30a mimics can inhibit Ang2 induced H9c2 autophagy.

BackgroundRadiation sensitive field-effect transistors (RADFETs) are calibrated on the ground using a 60Co γ-ray source that is different from the proton-electron radiation environment that exists in actual space applications.PurposeThis study aims to explore the influence of space protons on the radiation response of RADFETs.MethodsFirst of all, the comparative and combinative radiation experiments with 10 MeV proton and 60Co γ radiation were carried out. Then, the oxide-trap charge and interface-trap charge were separated by mid-gap technique (MGT) and charge pump (CP) method, and the generation process of proton primary knock-on atom (PKA) in oxide was simulated by Geant4 toolkit. Finally, the microscopic mechanism of RADFETs radiation response difference between proton and 60Co γ was investigated.ResultsThe results show that dose response of RADFETs to proton is insensitive in comparison with γ-ray, proton irradiation introduces certain displacement damage in RADFETs which will intensify the influence of trap charge near the interface on the measurement results.ConclusionsIt is necessary to use the proton and electron flux model to modify the measured data or carry out a specific calibration scheme for the RADFETs applied to space.

The austenite grain growth behavior of Ti-bearing and Ti-free steel was investigated using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM).Samples were held for 60min at 1123-1473K and then austenite grain sizes for different holding time at a series of temperatures were measured.The results show that austenite grain size of both steels increases with the increase of temperature.Besides,the austenite grain size of both steels grows with the holding time,which meets parabolic equation.The second phase particle was observed.The equation of Ostwald ripening was introduced to calculate the size of particle,and the volume fraction equation of second phase particle was applied to calculate the volume fraction of particle.Meanwhile,the modified Gladman model was adopted to predict austenite grain growth.The predicted results agree well with the measured results.

Wavefront fitting is used to analyze the characteristic of the wavefront distortion caused by the aerodynamic flow field, and aero-optical effects in compressible shear layers are discussed. The spatial scales of the wavefront distortion are analyzed by comparing the coefficients of Zernike polynomials, and they are related to the scales of the structure in the shear layer. The results show that wavefront fitting is valid to indicate the scale of the wavefront distortion quantitatively, and the scales and distribution of the vortex structure affect wavefront distortion greatly for the compressible shear layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the effective intervention in reducing the caesarean rate in Haimen City. Methods: Comprehensive intervention measures entitled 'encouraging natural birth, reducing the caesarean rate' were implemented, including strengthening health education, improving service agency management in relation to midwifery skills, implementing free maternal care policy, following strictly caesarean indication, as well as establishing and implementing routinely the rewards and punishment rules by the health administrative department. Results: The caesarean rate in Haimen City was reduced from 73.39% between October 2010 and May 2011 (pre-intervention period) to 55.48% in 2012 and 54.86% in 2013, indicating a remarkable achievement Conclusions: Comprehensive intervention measures, especially establishing and implementing routinely the rewards and punishment rules by the health administrative department played a key role in controlling the rising caesarean rate in Haimen City. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A RANS method for aero-optical effects has been developed. An evaluation of compressible flow RANS model has been conducted and a model had been chosen to predict main flow density distribution better. A convect equation had been used to model the refractive index fluctuation. The aero-optical effects over a aero-optical turret is evaluated and analyzed using the method developed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using PIV (particle image velocimetry) and schliren technique, the characteristic of interface, specially growth rate of turbulent kinetic energy, between free stream and compressible mixing layer at convective Mach number Mc=0. 38 has been investigated. The results show that the increase or decrease of turbulent kinetic energy mainly derivates from the compressibility of fluid particle near the interface. The work resulting from streamwise linear strain of averaged velocity plays an important role of turbulent kinetic energy near the interface. It seems that the existence of large-scale structure suppresses the change of turbulent kinetic energy near the interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pleckstrin homology like domain family A member 1(PHLDA1) is also known as T-cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51).Studies have demonstrated that the abnormal expression of PHLDA1 is closely associated with the formation,development,and metastasis of tumors.We summarized the latest research advances in the structure and biological properties of PHLDA1,as well as the roles of PHLDA1 in multiple malignanttumors such as breast cancer,cancer,liver gastric cancer,liver cancer,melanoma,and osteosarcoma,aiming to comprehensively reveal the significance of PHLDA1 in the clinical diagnosis of tumors.

Objective: To understand the infection status and epidemiological features of HBV in permanent residents of Shenzhen city., Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was performed for questionnaire survey to permanently-registered residents of 1-59 years old in Luohu and Baoan district of Shenzhen in 2010, and blood samples of the subjects were collected. Hepatitis B virus-related surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B virus surface antibody (anti-HBs) were detected with ELISA., Results: The total 3771 studied population showed 252 HBsAg positive and 2712 anti-HBs positive residents with the standardization prevalence as 9.73% and 72.83% , respectively. The difference of the prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs between males and females were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The prevalence of HBsAg was reduced with increasing age. The differences of the prevalence of HBsAg between Shenzhen permanent registered and non-permanent registered population were not significant, but the prevalence of anti-HBs in Permanent registered residents (78.32%) was higher than in non-permanent (66.03%, χ(2) = 41.613, P < 0.001). The prevalence of HBsAg was significantly different in various occupational and educational levels. Peasants had the highest prevalence (24.13%) and medical workers had the highest prevalence of anti-HBs (89.10% ). People with junior high school education had the highest prevalence of HBsAg (12.76%) and the lowest of anti-HBs (62.45%). Population with high-level education had the highest prevalence of anti-HBs(81.00% average). The prevalence of HBsAg was over 10% in people who were born in Shenzhen and Guangdong province, and the anti-HBs was the highest in Shenzhen population with the prevalence as 74.48% and 76.47% , respectively., Conclusion: In the Shenzhen resident population, the overall prevalence of HBV was lower than the average level of Guangdong province, but higher than the national wide.

Objective: To explore the effects of trimetazidine therapy on left ventricular (LV) function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)., Methods: A total of 106 patients with unstable angina pectoris underwent successful elective PCI were randomly assigned to standard therapy group (control, n = 55) or trimetazidine group (n = 51, 60 mg trimetazidine loading dose prior to PCI followed by 20 mg Tid after PCI on top of standard therapy). cTnI level was measured before and at 16-18 hours after PCI. LV function was evaluated by echocardiography and major adverse cardiac events (MACE, including death, re-infarction and target vessel revascularization) at 12 months after PCI was compared between the two groups., Results: Post procedural cTnI level increased from [0.02 (0.01, 0.03)] µg/L at baseline to [0.11 (0.07, 0.13)] µg/L (P < 0.05) at 16-18 hours in the trimetazidine group, while [0.02(0.01, 0.03)] µg/L to [1.31(0.44, 2.31)] µg/L in the control group (P < 0.05). Post procedural cTnI level was significantly reduced in the trimetazidine group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). At 12 months follow-up, left ventricular ejection fraction in the trimetazidine group was significantly higher than in control group [(65.65 ± 3.94)% vs. (62.29 ± 3.06)%, P < 0.01] while incidence of MACE was similar between the two groups., Conclusion: Trimetazidine can reduce the post-PCI cTnI release and improve left ventricular function after PCI in patients with unstable angina pectoris.

A quantitative identification model for testing the purity of hybrid maize seeds was built by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy with quantitative partial least squares (QPLS). The NIR spectra of 123 seeds powder samples (Nongda108 and mother178) with the purity of 600-100% were collected using MPA spectrometer. All samples were divided into two groups: calibration set (82 samples) and validation set (41 samples). Synergy interval partial least squares (SiPLSu) was used for selecting effective spectral regions and building models. The influences of different spectral regions and different calibration samples on the prediction results and different main components were compared. The result showed that the spectral regions 6 000 8 000, 6 000-9 000 and 6 000-10 000 cm(-1) all had better prediction results (R2 over 95%). Spectral region 6 000-10 000 cm(-1) was regarded the optimum spectral region for building the model with less main components(8), and the determination coefficient (R2) of calibration and validation sets were 96.61% and 97.67% respectively, SEC (standard error of calibration) and SEP (standard error of prediction) were 2.15% and 1.78% respectively, RSDs (relative standard deviation) were 2.04% and 1.94% respectively. Even with different calibration samples, the average determination coefficients (R2) of calibration and validation sets were 96.21% and 95.75%, SEC (standard error of calibration) and SEP (standard error of prediction) were 2.29% and 2.23% respectively, RSDs (relative standard deviation) were 2.81% and 2.73% respectively, which further proved the model's stability. With the increase in the number of main components, the identification rates in calibration set and validation set gradually increased, when the number of main components reached 8, the model determination coefficients reached the best (96.61% and 97.67%), and related coefficients of true value and predicted value were 98.29% and 98.87% respectively. The results have important value for rapid and accurate testing of hybrid maize seed purity.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of statin pretreatment on prognosis of octogenarian patients with coronary heart disease with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)., Methods: A total of 90 patients aged at 85 years old and over with coronary heart disease (CAD) undergoing stenting were enrolled. The duration of statin, hospitalization and one-year clinical follow-up outcome including all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiac event (MACE), stroke and other major hemorrhages were collected and analyzed., Results: Among these patients, 33 (36.7%) received a statin pre-treatment for at least 2 days and 57 (63.3%) did not. Patients on a statin pre-treatment were more likely to have hypertension, hyperlipidemia and a history of myocardial infraction and PCI. The procedure characteristics were similar between two groups. Despite the higher risk profile, the patients on a statin pre-treatment had a lower hospitalization MACE rate (3.0% vs 10.5%, P = 0.05). However, at one year, the patients on a statin pre-treatment had a similar MACE rate (6.1% vs 3.8%, P = 0.07) as the other group., Conclusion: The statin pretreatment in octogenarian CAD patients with PCI may be associated with a reduced hospitalization MACE rate.

Objective: To study the infection status and the molecular characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from diarrheal patients in Shenzhen, in 2007 to 2008 and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of diarrheal diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus., Methods: More than 80 fecal specimens from four sentinel surveillance hospitals were collected and cultured each month. A total of 361 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were sero-typed and examined by real-time PCR for the presence of two major virulence genes, tdh and trh. Of 361 strains, 60 O3: K6 strains isolated from six suspected outbreaks in August, 2007 and in September, 2008 were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)., Results: 4384 stool samples were detected in four sentinel surveillance hospitals and with 361 Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated that belonged to 28 serotypes. Serotype O3:K6, O4:K8 and O1:KUT accounted for 67.90%, 7.50% and 6.10%, respectively. Of 361 strains, 337 strains belonged to tdh+trh-, 11 strains were tdh-trh- and 13 strains were tdh+trh+. The most prevalent serotype which caused diarrheal diseases was tdh+trh in Shenzhen. The 60 isolates were discriminated into twenty different PFGE patterns, which belonged to three clones. Among the 60 isolates, most of the PFGE patterns of isolates from the suspected outbreak locations were identical and some strains isolated from different year were different., Conclusion: Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates in Shenzhen were dominated by O3:K6 strains. Most of these isolates carried tdh gene and few carried trh gene. Meanwhile, the identical patterns of isolates from 6 suspected outbreaks locations demonstrated that Vibrio parahaemolyticus outbreaks occurred in July 2007 and in September 2008 in Shenzhen. However, the dominated strains' PFGE patterns were different each year, indicating that the sources of Vibrio parahaemolyticus had a multiplex nature and the multiplex sources such as water, sea food and pickled products should be integrated monitored. Laboratory based surveillance of diarrheal diseases could contribute in establishing early warning system for the better prevention and control of diarrheal diseases.

Objective: To observe the effects of upstream versus downstream application of tirofiban on platelet aggregation and clinical outcomes (major adverse cardiovascular event, MACE) in patients with high-risk non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)., Methods: From July 2006 to July 2007, 160 high-risk NSTE-ACS patients undergoing PCI were randomized to receive upstream (4-6 h prior PCI) tirofiban and downstream (immediately prior to PCI) tirofiban. Platelet aggregation inhibition was determined at admission, before coronary angiography and after PCI. Incidences of MACE at 1, 3, 7, 30 and 180 days after PCI were compared. The incidences of bleeding complications and thrombocytopenia during tirofiban treatments were recorded., Results: The extent of platelet aggregation inhibition post tirofiban was significantly greater in upstream tirofiban than that in downstream tirofiban group (8% vs. 42%, P<0.05). The incidences of MACE at various time points were similar between the two groups (all P>0.05). Aging, hypertension and type-2 diabetes were independent risk factors of MACE. The incidences of major and minor bleeding complications as well as mild thrombocytopenia during tirofiban treatments were similar between the two groups (2.5% vs. 1.3%, 1.3% vs. 1.3% and 1.3% vs. 1.3%, respectively; all P>0.05)., Conclusion: On top of aspirin and clopidogrel, upstream application of tirofiban is associated with increased platelet aggregation inhibition but the incidences of MACE up to 180 days post tirofiban are similar in the upstream and downstream tirofiban treated patients with high-risk NSTE-ACS after PCI. Aging, hypertension and type-2 diabetes were independent risk factors of MACE in these patients.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study the activated brain areas of human during simple and complex digital calculation, and to investigate the role of cortical and subcortical structures involved in the mental calculation. Sixteen right-handed healthy volunteers performed mental calculation of simple and complex addition/subtraction respectively, while the fMRI data were recorded by a Seimens 1.5 T MR machine. Block-design was used in the tasks. Two calculation tasks and one base-line tasks were performed for the block-design. Simple calculation task was single-digit addition and subtraction, while the complex was multi-digit addition and subtraction. The base-line task was to tell whether the two numbers were the same in every trial. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM99) was employed to process data and localize functional areas. We compared the average activation intensity of each activated brain regions in the same calculation task and the activation intensity of the same regions in both tasks respectively. Both the cortex and the subcortical structures including basal ganglia and thalamus were activated during simple and complex mental calculations. Similar brain regions in subjects including frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, cingulate gyrus, thalamus and cerebellum were engaged in simple and complex addition/subtraction. In the same task, activation intensity of all activated brain areas differed insignificantly. Compared with the complex task, the right parietal lobe was not activated in the simple one. The subcortical structures such as the caudate nucleus and the left marginal division of the striatum (MrD) were activated in both two calculation tasks. The cortical regions involved in both simple and complex addition/subtraction were similar. In conclusion, both the cortex and the subcortical structures were activated during the mental calculation. The cortex including the frontal cortex, parietal cortex, and cingulate gyrus were activated during mental calculation, while the subcortical structures such as the caudate nucleus, the globus pallidum and the left marginal division of the striatum also played a critical role in the neural networks of the calculation at the same time. Right parietal lobe (supramarginal gyrus) was engaged only in the complex task, which suggested that this region might be involved in the visuospatial memory and processing.

Objective: Based on analyzing the characteristics of a case with human avian influenza and the effects of field epidemiological study., Methods: An emergency-response-system was started up to follow the probable human Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza case initially detected by the "Undefined Pneumonia Surveillance System of Shenzhen". Public health professionals administered several epidemiologic investigations and giving all the contacts of the patient with a 7-day-long medical observation for temporally related influenza-like illness. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers for H5 and N1 was applied to test respiratory tract samples and/or throat swabs of the patient and all his contacts specific for the hemagglutinin gene of influenza A H5N1. Activities and strategies such as media response,notification in the public, communications with multiple related sectors, social participation and information exchange with Hong Kong were involved in field control and management., Results: The patient was a male, 31 years old,with an occupation as a truck driver in a factory,and had been residing in Shenzhen for 7 years. Started with an influenza-like syndrome, the patient received treatment on the 4th day of the onset, from a clinic and on the 6th day from a regular hospital. On the 8th day of the disease course, he was confirmed by Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention as human avian flu case and was then transferred to Intensive Care Unit (ICU). On the 83rd day of commence, the patients was healed and released from the hospital. The patient had no significant exposure to sick poultry or poultry that died from the illness before the onset of the disease. The patient and five family members lived together, but no family member was affected and no contact showed positive results for H5N1. A small food market with live poultry, which was under formal supervision and before illness the patient once visited, located near his apartment. Totally, 35 swabs from live birds and bird's coops in the market for H5 nucleic acid were tested and all were negative. The influenza H5N1 virus isolated for the case was named as A/Guangdong/02/2006 (H5N1) or GD/2/06. Phylogenetic relationships and molecular characterization analysis revealed that all the segments of the H5N1 virus named GD/2/06 still belonged to avian segments. Investigation process and control measures were released to the general public through the media. Soon after the laboratory confirmation, information was released to the society, as well as Hong Kong Center for Health Protection. Local Departments of Agriculture, Industries & Business, and Entry-Exit Inspection & Quarantine Bureau together with the Public Health Department put up combined actions. A computer-based telephone survey was initiated to investigate attitudes and knowledge of residents in town, revealing that positive atmosphere dominated and no panic existed., Conclusion: Rapid laboratory diagnosis of the virus was the key for successful treatment and survival result of the case. Still, the pathogen was from birds resources. No human-to-human transmission was observed, however, source of infection was unclear. Field epidemiological study could offer special methods for the responses of emergency public health problems.

Objective: To investigate the protein expression of p21-activated kinase 1 gene (PAK1) in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) and its clinico-pathological significance., Methods: Immunohistochemistry and TUNEL were used, in combination with tissue microarray technique, to examine the protein expression of PAK1 and status of cell apoptosis in 100 BTCC tissue specimens obtained during operation and 30 specimens of adjacent normal bladder mucosa., Results: All adjacent normal bladder mucosa specimens were negative in PAK1 protein expression or only with a low-level expression of PAK1 protein, while 58% of the BTCC specimens showed over-expression of PAK1. PAK1 expression was significantly associated with tumor pathological grade and tumor size (both P < 0.05). The PAK1 overexpression rate of the poorly-differentiated BTCC specimens (at the G3 stage) was 78%, significantly higher than that of the well-differentiated specimens (at the stage G1/G2, 47%, P = 0.05). The PAK1 overexpression rate of the large-sized BTCC specimens (>or= 3 cm in diameter) was 73%, significantly higher than that of the small-sized BTCC specimens (< 3 cm in diameter, P = 0.034). The PAK1 protein expression was negatively correlated with the apoptotic index of the cells (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: Overexpression of PAK1 protein may via its anti-apoptotic function to play an important role in the development and progression of BTCC. Overexpression of PAK1 in BTCC is associated closely with tumor malignant histological phenotype and it may be used as a molecular marker to predicate the malignant potential of BTCC.