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In order to prepare low-molecular-weight polysaccharides with high antioxidant activity, low-molecular-weight Enteromorpha polysaccharides were prepared by the method of microwave-assisted H2O2/VC degradation using Entermorpha prolifera from the coastal area of Yingkou, Liaoning Province as raw materials. In the present thesis, DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-100 were used for chromatography separation and physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of Enteromorpha polysaccharide were compared before and after degradation. Then structural characterization of the degraded Enteromorpha polysaccharide was obtained by infrared spectroscopy, and monosaccharide composition of LEPⅢa (obtained by separation) was analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that low-molecular-weight Entermorpha polysaccharide could be prepared in a short time (15 min) by microwave-assisted degradation with H2O2/VC and three kinds of low-molecular-weight Entermorpha polysaccharide LEPⅠ, LEPⅡ and LEPⅢa with Mw being (23.6±0.5), (24.6±0.6) and (22.9±0.5) kDa respectively were obtained by chromatographic separation. Compared with untreated Enteromorpha polysaccharide, low-molecular-weight polysaccharide obtained by microwave-assisted H2O2/VC degradation were significantly reduced (P