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Braided river as a primary alluvial river pattern is of great importance on fluvial geomorphology, aquatic habitat, river exploitation and ecological protection. According to the literature review on braided rivers, the basic definition and morphological characteristics are described, and several classic methods and parameters of morphological characterization are introduced. In addition, field methods of obtaining high-precision DEM are summarized as well as the application of flume experiment and numerical model which advantages and disadvantages are pointed out, respectively. This paper describes the general composition of different morphological units of braided river, and lists the evolution mechanism of bar formation, anabranching adjustment and lateral migration, bank erosion and floodplain deposition. The primary controlling factors of morphodynamics and evolution of braided river, such as stream power, bed sediment particle size, sediment supply, riparian vegetation and valley width, are compared and analyzed. Meanwhile, a promising direction for alluvial river dynamics is to unravel formation causes, morphological characteristics, and fluvial processes of braided rivers with different spatial scales on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Riverbed structure in mountainous rivers is the product of the interplay between flow-sediment and riverbed,which determines the magnitude of riverbed resistance and significantly affects the bedload transport. In order to characterize the details of riverbed structure,this study proposed four new dimensionless parameters(concavity-convexity number,average concavity,average concavity,and concavity-convexity) of riverbed structure characterization and their calculation methods based on the topographic survey datasets of seven sections of the main stream and tributaries of Xiaojiang River(a tributary of Jinsha River in the upper Yangtze River) in April and September 2017. The calculation method of four new parameters is simple and intuitive. Four parameters represent the development degree of the riverbed structure and morphological characteristics of riverbed structure. Moreover,the characterization of the concavity and convexity is more distinguishable if the degree of the riverbed development is relatively lower. The results based on the application of the new method show that the bulge of the riverbed structure in the lower reaches of the Diaoga River,Taojia Creek,and Qingshui Creek is relatively high and convex,i. e.,the deep and steep depression,high resistance of river bed,and low sediment transport rate. However,the upper reaches of the Diaoga River,Xiaojiang River,and Jiangjia Creek,and Lanniping Creek,the bulge of the riverbed structure is relatively low and flat,i. e.,the shallow and gentle depression,low resistance of river bed,and high sediment transport rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Shipin Kexue/ Food Science is the property of Food Science Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)