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Objective To reveal the deformation evolution of the Xinhua landslide in Luding County, Sichuan Province under the comprehensive effects of reservoir impoundment, reservoir water level fluctuations and seasonal rainfall, and to explore the progressive cumulative effect of the strength degradation of the landslide rock and soil mass under the coupling of multiple factors. Methods In this paper, based on a field investigation and multisource long sequence monitoring data analysis of the Xinhua landslide in the reservoir area of the hydropower project, combined with the three-stage evolution characteristics of the landslide cumulative deformation-time (S-t) curve and the measured S-t curve of the Xinhua landslide, the evolution stages of the three-step deformation cycles of the Xinhua landslide are identified and divided. At the same time, the improved tangent angle method is used for calculation and analysis, and a quantitative classification standard for Xinhua landslide classification early warning based on the improved displacement tangent angle early warning threshold is constructed. Results The results show that the short-term large increase of water level during the initial impoundment period, the rapid decrease of water level during the reservoir operation period and the influence of seasonal heavy rainfall are the main factors to accelerate the deformation of the Xinhua landslide. Conclusion According to the analysis and discussion, the improved displacement tangent angle early warning threshold can provide guidance for identifying the current stability state and potential risks of the Xinhua landslide to a certain extent, but multiple early warning indicators should still be considered, and the signs of macroscopic deformation and failure of landslides should be integrated for judgement.

Objective Palaeomagnetic methods can be used to quantitatively constrain the Early Palaeozoic palaeo-position of the North China Block (NCB), which provides a crucial scientific basis for researching the evolution of the Proto-Tethyan Orogeny and the affinity of the NCB for Gondwana. However, the NCB has undergone considerable tectonic activity since the Early Palaeozoic, and the Ordos Basin in the western part of the NCB is rich in hydrocarbon resources. Late tectonic activity and the migration of hydrocarbon resources may have caused remagnetization of Early Palaeozoic strata. Methods Thus, in this paper, to determine the main magnetic minerals in various rocks and their ability to record the primary remanent magnetization, we carry out a series of detailed petrography, rock magnetism and stepwise demagnetization experiments on the limestone and tuff samples of the Upper Ordovician Zhaolaoyu Formation in the Fuping area of the southern Ordos Basin, including optical microscope identification, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), saturated isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM) acquisition curve, three-axis isothermal thermal demagnetization test, κ-T curve test, hysteresis loop experiment, first-order reversal curve (FORC), and thermal demagnetization and hybrid (TD+AF) demagnetization. Results The results indicate that the main magnetic minerals in the limestone and tuff samples are magnetite, pyrrhotite and/or greigite, and some samples also contain a tiny quantity of haematite with impurities and goethite. Mineral particles possess single domains (SDs) as well as multiple domains (MDs) within their magnetic domains. Combining petrographic and demagnetization data, this paper suggests that the main magnetic minerals in the samples are likely secondary minerals associated with later fluid alteration (maturation and migration of organic matter). Conclusion The remanent magnetic signals conveyed by these rocks cannot be directly used to constrain the Early Palaeozoic palaeoposition of the NCB but may be used to constrain hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the Lower Palaeozoic strata of the southern Ordos Basin.

Objective Palaeomagnetic study of the early Palaeozoic North Qiangtang Terrane can quantitatively constrain its palaeogeographic location since the Palaeozoic, which serves as an important foundation and key constraint for studying of the palaeotectonic pattern of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the evolution of the Phanerozoic Tethys and palaeogeographic reconstruction. Methods Prior to palaeomagnetic study, it is essential to investigate the magnetic properties of rocks to identify the types and assemblages of magnetic carriers present in rocks, which will facilitate the selection of demagnetization experimental protocols and discussions on the primary nature of remanent magnetization. This paper focuses on the magnetic properties of limestone and sandstone from the Late Silurian Longmu Co Upper Formation in the North Qiangtang Terrane, through analyses of isothermal remanence acquisition curves, magnetic susceptibility with temperature(χ-T) curves, triaxial thermal demagnetization experiments, low-temperature magnetic properties tests, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectral (EDS) analysis. Results Results show that magnetite is the predominant magnetic carrier in the limestone samples of the Longmu Co Upper Fm, with small amounts of pyrrhotite. The magnetic assemblage in the sandstone samples is more complex, dominated by magnetite, possibly with other magnetic minerals such as pyrrhotite. Conclusion Moreover, it demonstrates that stable high-temperature remanent magnetization components can be isolated from the limestone samples in the Longmu Co Upper Formation, making them suitable for further palaeomagnetic researches.

Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungi during their growth and they are important detrimental factors endangering the quality and safety of agricultural products. Essential oils are natural inhibitors of fungal growth and accumulation of mycotoxins, but characteristics of strong volatility, poor stability and low water solubility limit their applications. In recent years, the development and utilization of nanoformulations can solve the above drawbacks of essential oils, and improve their bioavailability. This paper summarizes that essential oil can reduce the contamination level of mycotoxins in agricultural products by inhibiting the production of mycotoxins and degrading mycotoxins, overviews the inhibitory mechanism of essential oil against the growth of fungi and production of mycotoxins, reviews the research status of the prevention and control of mycotoxins in agricultural products using essential oils and their nanoformulations, and discusses the existing problems, in order to provide useful references for the further development and utilization of essential oils for the prevention and control of mycotoxins.

Objective In recent years, the trend of tunnel blasting construction extending to depth is becoming more and more significant, and the influence of layered rock mass in deep buried diversion tunnel on cutting quality in blasting construction is the key to blasting construction. Methods In order to study the influence of the location of blasting in deep layered surrounding rock on the cut blasting, a three-dimensional finite element numerical calculation model was established by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA, based on the blasting excavation project of the diversion tunnel of San Gabán hydropower station in Peru. The damage area caused by cut blasting was analyzed, and the optimization scheme was put forward for field test. Results The results show that the boundary area of layered surrounding rock has a certain influence on the range of rock damage caused by cutting blasting. The closer to the boundary area of layered surrounding rock, the smaller the range of rock damage. In order to increase the damage area of cut blasting, the location of blasting should keep a certain distance from the boundary area of layered surrounding rock. Conclusion The optimized blasting scheme was tested on site and good blasting effect was achieved. In this study, numerical simulation was used to optimize the position of the cutting hole accroding to the law of rock damage evolution, which can improve the economy and safety of tunnel construction.

Background and objective The SMARCA4 mutation has been shown to account for at least 10% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present, conventional radiotherapy and targeted therapy are difficult to improve outcomes due to the highly aggressive and refractory nature of SMARCA4-deficient NSCLC (SMARCA4-DNSCLC) and the absence of sensitive site mutations for targeted drug therapy, and chemotherapy combined with or without immunotherapy is the main treatment. Effective SMARCA4-DNSCLC therapeutic options, however, are still debatable. Our study aimed to investigate the efficacy and prognosis of programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with chemotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with stage III-IV SMARCA4-DNSCLC. Methods 46 patients with stage III-IV SMARCA4-DNSCLC were divided into two groups based on their treatment regimen: the chemotherapy group and the PD-1 ICIs plus chemotherapy group, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Efficacy assessment and survival analysis were performed in both groups, and the influencing factors for prognosis were explored for patients with SMARCA4-DNSCLC. Results Male smokers are more likely to develop SMARCA4-DNSCLC. There was no significant difference in the objective response rate (76.5% vs 69.0%, P=0.836) between chemotherapy and the PD-1 ICIs plus chemotherapy or the disease control rate (100.0% vs 89.7%, P=0.286). The one-year overall survival rate in the group with PD-1 ICIs plus chemotherapy was 62.7%, and that of the chemotherapy group was 46.0%. The difference in median progression-free survival (PFS) between the PD-1 ICIs plus chemotherapy group and the chemotherapy group was statistically significant (9.3 mon vs 6.1 mon, P=0.048). The results of Cox regression analysis showed that treatment regimen and smoking history were independent influencing factors of PFS in patients with stage III-IV SMARCA4-DNSCLC, and family history was an individual influencing factor of overall survival in patients with stage III-IV SMARCA4-DNSCLC. Conclusion Treatment regimen may be a prognostic factor for patients with SMARCA4-DNSCLC, and patients with PD-1 ICIs plus chemotherapy may have a better prognosis.

To improve the density of polycrystalline diamond, a study was conducted to investigate the changes in diamond powder under different pressure conditions, including initial loading, cold isostatic pressing, and six-sided die pressing. The study focused on the particle size distribution, powder density, and microstructural rearrangement before and after applying pressure to different diamond powder sizes and ratios. The process involved the initial random arrangement of particles, followed by the filling of fine particles into voids and rearrangement at 220 MPa during cold isostatic pressing. Subsequently, under ultra-high pressure, large particles (G20～30) were crushed and gradually filled the voids. The buffering effect of fine particles resulted in fewer fractures in the dual particle size formula (G2～4 and G20～30) compared to the single particle size formula (G20～30), which facilitated higher stacking density of the diamond powder. These findings provide valuable data support for optimizing the particle size and ratio design of diamond powders for the high-temperature high-pressure (HPHT) synthesis of high-performance polycrystalline diamond composite.

Objective To establish the basic parameters for exposure assessment of contact materials for nut-seed food in China. Methods The contact area method was used to study the contact materials of nut-seed food in this study. Based on the contact area values, ratio of contact areas and unit mass were obtained. Results Through investigation and analysis, 114 kinds of nut-seed food were sampled, and 3 648 related data were obtained. Food contact materials of nut-seed food on the market mainly included aluminum, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polystyrene and coating. The average contact area per unit mass or volume (S/V) was 21.29 dm2/kg, the median was 13.40 dm2/kg, P5 was 1.11 dm2/kg, and P95 was 67.46 dm2/kg. Conclusion The basic parameters of nut-seed food contact materials could provide data support for the safety assessment in China.

Background and objective Due in part to remarkable advances over the past decade in our understanding of lung cancer, there is a pressing need for a revised classification. The aim of this study was to explore and verify the clinical significance of a new molecular classification of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the basis of anatomic site of bronchial tree. Methods Double-immunohistochemistry were performed in 105 tumor samples paring with normal lung tissue from non-small cell lung cancer patients by using monoclonal antibody of P63/NapsinA and TTF-1/CK7. By comprehensively analyzing the express profiles of tumors and normal lung tissues, histological characteristics we proposed a brand new pathological classification based on histogenesis for NSCLC and divided them as: bronchiole epithelial cell carcinoma, bronchiole-alveolar cell carcinoma, alveolar cell carcinoma and secretory adenocarcinoma. And to analyze the relationship between this classification and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and ognosis. Results Further investigation revealed that our new classification showed strong relevancy with EGFR mutations and effective indicators for prognosis. Conclusion The classification system for NSCLC proposed by our research group is convenient for pathological diagnosis and valuable in clinical application.

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2014.10.017

Aiming at the problem that the Uyghur language has long-distance dependence and the phenomenon that language model has generally data sparseness in Chinese-Uyghur statistical machine translation, the paper presented an Uyghur language model which based on generalization. With the help of the text generated from the training process of Uyghur language model, the model combined the string similarity algorithms and got similarly Uyghur strings to extract the rule through normalization processing, these rules were given by parameter values by computing and were used to scoring the n-best translation which were generated in the decoding process of test sets, the translation which had the most score was recognized as the best translation. The experiments show that generalization language model reduce the storage space, and rational use of rules could improve effectively the quality of the translation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile CrowdSensing (MCS) is a promising sensing paradigm that recruits users to cooperatively perform sensing tasks.Recently,unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as the powerful sensing devices are used to replace user participation and carry out some special tasks,such as epidemic monitoring and earthquakes rescue.In this paper,we focus on scheduling UAVs to sense the task Point-of-Interests (PoIs) with different frequency coverage requirements.To accomplish the sensing task,the scheduling strategy needs to consider the coverage requirement,geographic fairness and energy charging simultaneously.We consider the complex interaction among UAVs and propose a grouping multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach (G-MADDPG) to schedule UAVs distributively.G-MADDPG groups all UAVs into some teams by a distance-based clustering algorithm (DCA),then it regards each team as an agent.In this way,G-MADDPG solves the problem that the training time of traditional MADDPG is too long to converge when the number of UAVs is large,and the trade-off between training time and result accuracy could be controlled flexibly by adjusting the number of teams.Extensive simulation results show that our scheduling strategy has better performance compared with three baselines and is flexible in balancing training time and result accuracy.

Background Obesity may cause insulin resistance (IR), then leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), seriously affecting human health. Irisin is a newly discovered myokine produced by adipose and skeletal muscle tissues, which plays an important role in metabolic regulation. It is worth investigating what changes will occur in serum irisin levels in T2DM patients with overweight or obesity. Objective To examine the abnormality in serum irisin levels in overweight or obese patients with T2DM, and to explore the influencing factors. Methods A total of 119 patients with T2DM who were hospitalized in Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from December 2019 to June 2021 were selected, including 78 with overweight or obesity and 41 with normal weight assessed by body mass index (BMI). They were compared to 52 healthy people with normal body weight in terms of general demographics, laboratory test indices and serum irisin level. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation of serum irisin level with demographic and laboratory test indices. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore factors associated with the abnormality in serum irisin in overweight or obese T2DM patients. Results Normal-weight diabetics, overweight or obese diabetics and healthy controls had significant differences in levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), BMI, triacylglycerol (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P

In this paper the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are used to express the change factors of the underlying assets of the option in order to describe the uncertainty of the estimated value of the European option price and the hesitation degree of the investors, the intuitionistic fuzzy binomial tree pricing model is made, and the risk neutral pricing method is used to research the single period European call option pricing problem. The findings of the study are that the European option price expressed by a triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number, which can reflect the certainty degree, negation degree and hesitation degree of the investor on the estimated value of the option price, and then the interval value of European option price is obtained by using the cuts sets operation of the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Some numerical examples show that European call option price obtained by the triangular intuitionistic fuzzy number can express more the hesitation degree of the investors than the one obtained by the fuzzy number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the expression levels of connexin Cx31, Cx43 and Cx50 in the lesional skin of KID syndrome and their roles in the pathogenesis of KID syndrome. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression levels of connexins Cx31, Cx43 and Cx50 in the lesional skin from both mother and son with KID syndrome. Skin samples from both an uninvolved subject of the patient’s family and normal control-unrelated to the patient’s family served as controls. Results: Expression levels of Cx31 increased in both the spinous and basal layers of the epidermis in patients, while in the controls, Cx31 only expressed in the basal layer. Expression levels and localization of Cx43 and Cx50 were comparable between the patients and the controls. Conclusion: The expression levels of Cx31 are up-regulated in patients with KID syndrome, while the expression levels of Cx43 and Cx50 are comparable between the patients and the controls.Whether these molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of KID syndrome remains to be explored.

Objective: Quantitative assessment of white blood flow in semi-oval center of patients with delayed neuropathological sequelae (DNS) after carbon monoxide poisoning treated with acupuncture combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) based on magnetic resonance multi-inversion time arterial spin labeling imaging (mTI-ASL), and to evaluate its efficacy indirectly., Methods: Twenty-six patients with clinically diagnosed DNS were randomly divided into an observation group (13 cases) and a control group (13 cases). The conventional therapy combined with HBO were given in the control group. In the observation group,on the base of the treatment, Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture was applied, the main acupoints were Shuigou (GV 26), Neiguan (PC 6), Baihui (GV 20), Shangxing (GV 23), Yintang (GV 29), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) on the affected side, Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Fenglong (ST 40), Lianquan (CV 23) and Jinjin (EX-HN12) for slurred speech, Jianyu (LI 15), Waiguan (TE 5) and Shousanli (LI 10) for upper limb pain, Huantiao (GB 30), Yanglingquan (GB 34), Yinlingquan (SP 9) for lower limb pain, the treatment was given once every day, 5 days as one course, with an interval of 2 days between the course. The treatment for 6 courses was required. The conventional head MR scan, mTI-ASL and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans before and 1 week after treatment were adopted, Matlab (R2014b), Mricron and Syngo.via software were adopted to measure the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and anisotropy (FA) values of the semi-oval center. The correlation between the parameters was evaluated by Pearson method. And the simple intelligent mental state examination scale (MMSE) was uesd to assess cognitive function., Results: After treatment, the CBF, MMSE scores in both groups and FA values in the observation group were higher than those before treatment ( P <0.05). After treatment, the CBF, FA and MMSE scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P <0.05). There was a positive correlation between CBF, FA and MMSE scores ( P <0.05), and the correlation between CBF and MMSE was the best ( r =0.822)., Conclusion: Acupuncture combined with hyperbaric oxygen can significantly improved early white matter hypoperfusion and improved cognitive function score in patients with DNS. The curative effect is better than that of hyperbaric oxygen therapy alone. The mTI-ASL imaging can quantitatively evaluate its curative effect.

This paper reports a case of human thelaziasis callipaeda in Tongren area of Guizhou Province.

Objective: To identify the genetic variation and possible sources of Thelazia callipaeda isolates collected from patients in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province., Methods: Seven cases of T. callipaeda infection in Zunyi City, 2016 were verified, and DNA (s) were extracted from the T. callipaeda 's body collected from the thelaziasis patients. A mitochondrial COX1 fragment was amplified and sequenced. The sequence alignment and phylogenetical analysis were performed to compare the genetic variation of the gene sequence with the homologous sequences downloaded from Genebank., Results: COX1 genes of T. callipaeda were differed among the samples from the seven cases, which had low variation., Conclusions: Zunyi City is a new area with endemic of thelaziasis. The isolates from Zunyi City include either Asian origin or European origin of T. callipaeda . Moreover, at least four haplotypes are identified among the seven isolates.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the possible role and significance of soluble programmed death-1 (sPD-1)  /soluble programmed death ligand 1 (sPD-L1) in the immune pathogeneses of recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU)., Methods: A total of 30 RAU cases (18 cases of minor RAU, 5 cases of major RAU, and 7 cases of herpetiform ulcers) were enrolled in this study. A total of 18 healthy people served as controls. Lymphocyte subsets (CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺, CD19⁺, and CD16⁺+56⁺) were investigated by flow cytometric analysis. Humoral immunity (IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C4) was explored by nephelometry immunoassay. The sPD-1 and sPD-L1 protein levels in the sera of RAU patients were investigated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlations of the sPD-1 and sPD-L1 protein levels with the immune status and clinical characteristics of the RAU patients were analyzed by SPSS 19.0., Results: The number of CD4+ T cells decreased and the levels of IgM antibodies increased in the RAU patients relative to those in the normal controls (P<0.05). The sPD-1 and sPD-L1 protein levels in the RAU patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the sPD-1 and sPD-L1 protein levels in the patients with minor and major RAU were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). By contrast, no significant difference was found in the patients with herpetiform RAU (P>0.05). Positive correlations were noted between the sPD-1 protein level and the CD19+ cell frequency or C4 level (r₁=0.389, P₁=0.034; r₂=0.382, P₂=0.037)., Conclusions: Cellular immune hypofunction and humoral immunity disorders were found in the RAU patients. The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway, which might be influenced by the involvement of sPD-1 and sPD-L1 proteins to a certain extent, may play some roles in the immune pathogenesis of RAU.

Objective: To review the progress in the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture., Methods: Recent literature about the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture was reviewed and analyzed., Results: Treatments of acute Achilles tendon rupture include operative and non-operative treatments. Operative treatments include open surgery and percutaneous minimally invasive surgery. Compared with non-operative treatment, operative treatment can effectively reduce the re-rupture incidence, but it had higher complication incidences of wound infection and nerve injury. Although early functional rehabilitation during non-operative treatment could reduce the re-rutpture incidence, there is no consistent orthopaedic device and guideline for functional rehabilitation., Conclusion: Both operative and non-operative treatments have advantages and disadvantages for the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture. No consistent conclusion is arrived regarding functional recovery. Future studies should explore the strategy of early functional rehabilitation during non-operative treatment and its mechanism of promoting tendon healing.